68-656: The Cumberland County Jail is located in Portland, Maine , and is the largest jail in the state. The jail, a division of the Cumberland County Sheriff's Office , is a part of Cumberland County government and is wholly operated by the elected Sheriff. In 2002 it became the first jail in the state of Maine to receive national accreditation from the American Correctional Association , at the time putting it among only 4% of adult correctional facilities in
136-670: A concert venue, ice rink, hotels, restaurants, wineries, and breweries. The spire of the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception has been a notable feature of the Portland skyline since its completion in 1854. In 1859, Ammi B. Young designed the Marine Hospital , the first of three local works by Supervising Architects of the U.S. Treasury Department . Although the city lost to redevelopment its 1867 Greek Revival post office, which
204-634: A consequence of the event. The British army was besieged in Boston after the battles of Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775. They were supported and supplied by the Royal Navy under the command of Vice-Admiral Samuel Graves , who was under Admiralty instruction to suppress the burgeoning rebellion. Under his orders, vessels were searched for military stores and potential military communications. Laid-up vessels were stripped of their masts and rudders to prevent their use by privateers , and military equipment
272-429: A female householder with no husband present, 3.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 56.6% were non-families. 40.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.07 and the average family size was 2.88. The median age in the city was 36.7 years. 17.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.4% were between
340-509: A foot. Annual liquid precipitation (rain) averages 47.2 in (1,200 mm) and is plentiful year-round, but with a slightly drier summer. Annual frozen precipitation (snow) averages 69 in (175 cm) in the city. However, this number can fluctuate seasonally from as little as 30 inches to as much as 150 inches, depending on a multitude of factors. In Southern Maine, snowstorms can be intense from November through early April, while warm-season thunderstorms are somewhat less frequent than in
408-517: A harbor". The Greater Portland area has emerged as an important center for the creative economy , which is also bringing gentrification . The original Algonquin-speaking Eastern Abenaki residents called the Portland peninsula Machigonne ("great neck"). It is also called Məkíhkanək ("at the fish hook") in Penobscot. The first European settler was Christopher Levett , an English naval captain granted 6,000 acres (2,400 ha) in 1623 to found
476-470: A landing party to set fire to any buildings that had survived. The town militia offered little significant resistance, as most were helping their families to safety. In spite of this, some of the landed British marines were killed or wounded. By evening, according to Mowat, "the body of the town was in one flame". Mowat's bombardment of the town lasted for nine hours in which 3000 projectiles, or one every eleven seconds, were fired at Falmouth. Following
544-660: A monthly First Friday Art Walk event which attracts more than 3,000 visitors. The Arts District, centered on Congress Street, is home to the Portland Museum of Art , Portland Stage Company , Maine Historical Society & Museum , Portland Public Library , Maine College of Art , SPACE Gallery, Children's Museum of Maine , Merrill Auditorium , the Kotzschmar Memorial Organ , and Portland Symphony Orchestra , as well as many smaller art galleries and studios. Baxter Boulevard around Back Cove , Deering Oaks Park ,
612-692: A more service-based economy . Most national bank institutions and other related financial organizations, such as Bank of America and Key Bank , base their Maine operations in Portland. Unum , Covetrus , TruChoice Federal Credit Union , M&T Bank , ImmuCell Corp, and Pioneer Telephone have headquarters here, and Portland's neighboring cities of South Portland, Westbrook and Scarborough , provide homes for other corporations including IDEXX and WEX Inc . Between 1867 and 2021, Burnham & Morrill Company, maker of B&M Baked Beans, had its main plant in Portland (the B&M Baked Beans factory ). The city's port
680-486: A proclamation stating that he was there to "execute a just punishment" due to the inhabitants being "guilty of the most unpardonable Rebellion". He gave the townspeople two hours to evacuate. As soon as they received this ultimatum, the townspeople sent a deputation to plead with Mowat for mercy. He promised to withhold fire if the town swore an oath of allegiance to King George and surrendered all their small arms and powder, along with their gun carriages . In response,
748-474: A result of his actions. He was repeatedly passed over for promotion, and achieved it only when he downplayed his role in the event or omitted it entirely from his record. On August 30, 1775, Royal Naval Captain James Wallace commanding HMS Rose fired into the town of Stonington, Connecticut after the townspeople there prevented Rose ' s tender from capturing a vessel that it had chased into
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#1732876006488816-521: A revitalizing force downtown, attracting students from around the country. The historic Porteous Building on Congress Street was restored by the college. Universities operating in the city are expanding. The University of Southern Maine is improving its Portland campus with a 580-bed dormitory, student center, and an arts center. The University of New England intends to move its medical school from its Biddeford campus to its Portland campus. Northeastern University 's Roux Institute plans to build on
884-666: A settlement in Casco Bay . A member of the Council for New England and agent for Ferdinando Gorges , Levett built a stone house where he left a company of ten men, then returned to England to write a book about his voyage to bolster support for the settlement. Ultimately, the settlement was a failure and the fate of Levett's colonists is unknown. The explorer sailed from England to the Massachusetts Bay Colony to meet John Winthrop in 1630, but never returned to Maine. Fort Levett in
952-534: A time, the city's largest employer and many of its employees were immigrants from Canada, Ireland and Italy. Portland became a 20th-century rail hub as five additional rail lines merged into Portland Terminal Company in 1911. These rail lines also facilitated movement of returning Canadian troops from the First World War in 1919. Following nationalization of the Grand Trunk system in 1923, Canadian export traffic
1020-454: Is also undergoing a revival, and the first-ever container train departed from the new International Marine Terminal with fifteen containers of locally produced bottled tap water in early 2016. In January 2020, Portland was announced to be the location of a new research institute that will focus on the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning. Northeastern University was selected by technology entrepreneur David Roux to lead
1088-425: Is organized into neighborhoods generally recognized by residents, but they have no legal or political authority. In many cases, city signs identify neighborhoods or intersections (which are often called corners). Most city neighborhoods have a local association which usually maintains ongoing relations of varying degrees with the city government on issues affecting the neighborhood. On March 8, 1899, Portland annexed
1156-474: Is published Monday through Saturday and The Maine Sunday Telegram is published on Sundays. Both are published by MaineToday Media Inc., which also operates an entertainment website, MaineToday.com and owns papers in Augusta, Waterville, and Bath. Burning of Falmouth The Burning of Falmouth (October 18, 1775) was an attack by a fleet of Royal Navy vessels on the town of Falmouth, Massachusetts (site of
1224-472: Is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maine and the county seat of Cumberland County . Portland's population was 68,408 in April 2020. The Greater Portland metropolitan area has a population of approximately 550,000 people. Historically tied to commercial shipping, the marine economy, and light industry, Portland's economy in the 21st century relies mostly on the service sector. The Port of Portland
1292-591: Is the second-largest tonnage seaport in the New England area as of 2019. The city seal depicts a phoenix rising from ashes, a reference to Portland's recovery from four devastating fires. Portland was named after the English Isle of Portland . In turn, the city of Portland, Oregon , was named after Portland, Maine. The word Portland is derived from the Old English word Portlanda , which means "land surrounding
1360-1074: Is water. Portland is situated on a peninsula in Casco Bay on the Gulf of Maine and the Atlantic Ocean. Portland borders South Portland , Westbrook and Falmouth . Portland has a humid continental climate ( Köppen : Dfb , closely bordering on Dfa ), with cold, snowy, and often prolonged winters, and warm to hot, yet relatively short summers. The monthly average high temperature ranges from roughly 30 °F (−1 °C) in January to around 80 °F (27 °C) in July. Daily high temperatures reach or exceed 90 °F (32 °C) on only four days per year on average, while cold-season lows of 0 °F (−18 °C) or below are reached on 10 nights per year on average. The area can be affected by severe nor'easters during winter, with high winds and snowfall totals often measuring over
1428-608: The Battle of Fort Loyal (1690). On October 18, 1775, Falmouth was burned in the Revolution by the Royal Navy under command of Captain Henry Mowat . Following the war, a section of Falmouth called The Neck developed as a commercial port and began to grow rapidly as a shipping center. In 1786, the citizens of Falmouth formed a separate town in Falmouth Neck and named it Portland, after
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#17328760064881496-568: The Civil War . The 1866 Great Fire of Portland, Maine , on July 4, 1866, ignited during the Independence Day celebration, destroyed most of the commercial buildings in the city, half the churches and hundreds of homes. More than 10,000 people were left homeless. By act of the Maine Legislature in 1899, Portland annexed the city of Deering , despite a vote by Deering residents rejecting
1564-592: The Eastern Promenade , Western Promenade , Lincoln Park and Riverton Park are all historical parks within the city. Other parks and natural spaces include Payson Park , Post Office Park, Baxter Woods , Evergreen Cemetery , Western Cemetery and the Fore River Sanctuary . Thompson's Point , in the Libbytown neighborhood, has been a focus of renovation and redevelopment since the 2010s. The location hosts
1632-603: The Isle of Portland off the coast of Dorset , England. Portland's economy was greatly stressed by the Embargo Act of 1807 (prohibition of trade with the British), which ended in 1809, and the War of 1812 , which ended in 1815. In 1820, Maine was established as a state with Portland as its capital. In 1832, the capital was moved north and east to Augusta . In 1851, Maine led the nation by passing
1700-559: The Time and Temperature Building ) is situated near Monument Square in the Arts District and is a major landmark: the 14-story building features a large electronic sign on its roof that flashes time and temperature data, as well as parking-ban information in the winter. The building is home to several radio stations. The Press Herald Building , at 390 Congress Street, is strategically located across Congress Street from Portland City Hall and
1768-562: The Americans...will produce nothing but the bitter Fruit of Ruin, Misery, and Devastation." News of the event also reached the French government , who were carefully monitoring political developments in North America. The French foreign secretary wrote, "I can hardly believe this absurd as well as barbaric procedure on the part of an enlightened and civilized nation." Mowat's career suffered as
1836-604: The Midwestern, Mid-Atlantic, and Southeastern U.S. (although their frequency has increased in recent years). Direct strikes by hurricanes or tropical storms are rare, partially due to the normally cooler Atlantic waters off the Maine coast (which usually weaken tropical systems), but primarily because most tropical systems approaching or reaching 40 degrees North latitude recurve (due to the Coriolis force) and track east out to sea well south of
1904-512: The Old Port, Parkside, Peaks Island , Riverton Park, Rosemont, Stroudwater, West End , and Woodfords Corner . From the early 2000s onward, many of Portland's neighborhoods have faced gentrification , causing many local residents to be "priced out" of their neighborhoods. In 2015, the Portland Press Herald published a series of articles documenting the "super-tight apartment market" and
1972-472: The Portland area. Extreme temperatures range from −39 °F (−39 °C) on February 16, 1943, to 103 °F (39 °C) on July 4, 1911, and August 2, 1975. The hardiness zones are 5b and 6a. See or edit raw graph data . Portland is becoming increasingly affected by global warming and the rise of sea levels. The coast is one of the fastest-warming saltwater bodies, and is predicted to see an increase to about 10–17 inches by 2030, in comparison to
2040-548: The U.S. Census Bureau, Portland's immediate metropolitan area ranked 147th in the nation in 2000 with a population of 243,537, while the Portland/South Portland/Biddeford metropolitan area included 487,568 total inhabitants. This has increased to an estimated 513,102 inhabitants (and the largest metro area in Northern New England) as of 2007 . Much of this increase in population has been due to growth in
2108-560: The US to have been so accredited. It has the capacity to accommodate 600 inmates, and employs over 200 staff (including 130 Corrections Officers). Most inmates are serving short sentences or awaiting trial. This article about a building or structure in Maine is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a United States prison is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Portland, Maine Portland ( / ˈ p ɔːr t l ə n d / PORT -lənd )
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2176-419: The age of 18 living with them, 32.1% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 54.4% were non-families. 40.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.08 and the average family size was 2.89. In the city, the population was spread out, with 18.8% under
2244-459: The age of 18, 10.7% from 18 to 24, 36.1% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.0 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 35,650, and the median income for a family was $ 48,763. Males had a median income of $ 31,828 versus $ 27,173 for females. The per capita income for
2312-480: The ages of 18 and 24; 33.1% were from 25 to 44; 25.9% were from 45 to 64; and 12.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.8% male and 51.2% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 64,250 people, 29,714 households, and 13,549 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,029.2 inhabitants per square mile (1,169.6/km ). There were 31,862 housing units at an average density of 1,502.2 per square mile (580.0/km ). According to
2380-503: The bombardment, Mowat went on to Boothbay where he set fire to a few houses and raided for livestock, but his expedition was faltering to an end. The decks of some of his ships had been inadequately braced for prolonged gunnery, and many of his guns had jumped their mounts. He returned to Boston and remained there as winter was setting in. Admiral Graves was relieved in December 1775, and these punitive raids were gradually abandoned. One of
2448-464: The building boom of the 1980s, several new buildings rose on the peninsula, including the 1983 Charles Shipman Payson Building by Henry N. Cobb of Pei, Cobb, Freed & Partners at the Portland Museum of Art complex (a component of which is the 1801 McLellan-Sweat Mansion ), and the Back Bay Tower, a fifteen-story residential building completed in 1990. 477 Congress Street (known locally as
2516-471: The city was $ 22,698. About 9.7% of families and 14.1% of the population were below the poverty line , including 12.5% of those under age 18 and 11.9% of those age 65 or over. Race/ethnicity composition Portland has become Maine's economic capital because the city has Maine's largest port, largest population, and is close to Boston (105 miles to the southwest). Over the years, the local economy has shifted from fishing, manufacturing , and agriculture towards
2584-484: The city was 85.0% White (83.6% non-Hispanic White alone), down from 96.6% in 1990, 7.1% African American , 0.5% Native American , 3.5% Asian , 1.2% from other races , and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.0% of the population. 40.7% of the population had a bachelor's degree or higher. There were 30,725 households, of which 20.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 29.7% were married couples living together, 10.1% had
2652-541: The city's southern and western suburbs. The racial makeup of the city was 91.27% White , 2.59% African American , 0.47% Native American , 3.08% Asian , 0.06% Pacific Islander , 0.67% from other races , and 1.86% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.52% of the population. The largest ancestries include: British (including Scottish, Welsh, and English) (21.2%), Irish (19.2%), French (10.8%), Italian (10.5%), and German (6.9%). There were 29,714 households, out of which 21.4% had children under
2720-480: The distressed families. More than 1,000 people had been left homeless by the raid, including at least 160 families out of an estimated population of 2,500. The Massachusetts Provincial Congress authorized £250 to be paid to the distressed families, and arranged for the distribution of up to 15 bushels of corn to those left destitute. As late as 1779, additional grants were made to needy families in Falmouth. In 1784,
2788-555: The early stages of the American Revolutionary War . Among the colonies, news of the attack led to rejection of British authority and the establishment of independent governments. It also led the Second Continental Congress to contest British Naval dominance by forming a Continental Navy . Both Mowat and his superior, Vice-Admiral Samuel Graves , who had ordered Mowat's expedition, suffered professionally as
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2856-458: The event just as word arrived of King George 's Proclamation of Rebellion . Outraged by the news, Congress recommended that some provinces adopt self-rule and that Royal Navy ships be seized in South Carolina. The attack on Falmouth stimulated Congress to advance its plans to establish a Continental Navy . It authorized commissioning two ships on October 30 "for the protection and defense of
2924-765: The first state law prohibiting the sale of alcohol except for "medicinal, mechanical or manufacturing purposes." The law subsequently became known as the Maine Law , as eighteen other states quickly followed. The Portland Rum Riot occurred on June 2, 1855. In 1853, upon completion of the Grand Trunk Railway to Montreal , Portland became the primary ice-free winter seaport for Canadian exports. The Portland Company , located on Fore Street , manufactured more than six hundred 19th-century steam locomotives , as well as engines for trains and boats, fire engines and other railroad transportation equipment. The Portland Company was, for
2992-552: The former B&M Baked Beans factory campus in East Deering. Portland is known as a walkable city, offering many opportunities for walking tours which feature its maritime and architectural history. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 69.44 sq mi (179.85 km ), of which 21.31 sq mi (55.19 km ) is land and 48.13 sq mi (124.66 km )
3060-418: The harbor and four were captured, at the cost of one man killed and one wounded. The people were left to fend for themselves for the winter. A visitor to the town a month later reported that there was "no lodging, eating or housekeeping in Falmouth". This situation is described in the 1825 novel Brother Jonathan by Portland native John Neal . On October 26, the town formed a committee to raise funds for
3128-552: The harbor is named for him. The peninsula was settled in 1632 as a fishing and trading village named Casco. When the Massachusetts Bay Colony took over Casco Bay in 1658, the town's name changed again to Falmouth. In 1676, the village was destroyed by the Abenaki during King Philip's War . It was rebuilt. During King William's War , a raiding party of French and their native allies attacked and largely destroyed it again in
3196-460: The institute that will include programs that will allow graduate student research. Portland also has a large subsidized housing industry, with several large real estate companies in the business. The city is described as one of the "best places to live" in the United States. Portland has a long history of prominence in the arts, peaking the first time in the early 19th century, when the city
3264-569: The last such raids was undertaken to avenge British military losses to the American Patriots, resulting in the burning of Norfolk on January 1, 1776 which was instigated by Lord Dunmore , the Royal Governor of the Colony of Virginia . More than 400 buildings and houses were recorded as damaged or destroyed by fire. In his report to Graves, Mowat stated that 11 small vessels were destroyed in
3332-520: The levels in 2000. This is a major threat to the residents and ocean life around the area. In 2022, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration issued a report that showed sea level in Portland could rise by six inches by 2050, two feet by 2060 and two to six feet by 2100. In January 2024, Portland experienced a record-high tide of 14.57 feet (4.44 m). Combined with heavy rainfall and strong winds, it caused severe flooding. Portland
3400-471: The modern city of Portland, Maine , and not to be confused with the modern towns of Falmouth, Massachusetts or Falmouth, Maine ). The fleet was commanded by Captain Henry Mowat . The attack began with a naval bombardment which included incendiary shot, followed by a landing party meant to complete the town's destruction. The attack was the only major event in what was supposed to be a campaign of retaliation against ports that supported Patriot activities in
3468-754: The motion, thereby greatly increasing the size of the city and opening areas for development beyond the peninsula. In 1967, the city began the controversial razing of Franklin Street to construct a limited-access highway to improve access in and out of the city for non-residents. The reconstruction of the street demolished 130 homes and businesses and caused an unknown number of families to be relocated or displaced. The construction of The Maine Mall , an indoor shopping center established in South Portland in 1971, economically depressed downtown Portland. The trend reversed when tourists and new businesses started revitalizing
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#17328760064883536-615: The neighboring city of Deering. Deering neighborhoods now comprise the northern and eastern sections of the city before the merger. Portland's Deering High School was formerly the public high school for Deering. Portland's neighborhoods include the Arts District , Bayside, Bradley's Corner, Cliff Island, Cushing's Island, Deering Center, Deering Highlands, Downtown, East Deering , East Bayside, East End, Eastern Cemetery , Great Diamond Island , Highlands, Kennedy Park , Libbytown , Little Diamond Island , Lunt's Corner, Morrill's Corner, Munjoy Hill , Nason's Corner, North Deering , Oakdale,
3604-683: The old seaport, a part of which is known locally as the Old Port . Since the 1990s, the historically industrial Bayside neighborhood has seen rapid development, including attracting a Whole Foods Market and Trader Joe's grocery stores, as well as Baxter Academy for Technology and Science , a charter school . Other developing neighborhoods include the India Street neighborhood, near the Ocean Gateway, and Munjoy Hill , where many modern condominiums have been built. The Maine College of Art has been
3672-538: The outer parts of Falmouth harbor and anchored there. The people of Falmouth had mixed reactions to the presence of the British fleet. Some recognized the Canceaux and believed that there was no danger, but militia members remembered Thompson's War and were more suspicious. The next day was windless, so Mowat kedged the ships into the inner harbor and anchored them near the town. He sent one of his lieutenants ashore with
3740-427: The people of Falmouth began to move out of the town. No oaths were sworn; a small number of muskets were surrendered, but no gun carriages. Mowat had set a deadline of 9 am on October 18 for the town's response. By 9:40, the town appeared to be deserted, so he ran a red flag up the Canceaux 's masthead and ordered the fleet to begin firing. Incendiary cannonballs set fire to the harbor installations and most of
3808-467: The residents of Falmouth built over 40 homes and 10 shops. By 1797, over 400 homes had been built or rebuilt, along with factories, offices, and municipal buildings. The town of Falmouth accounted losses in the raid at over £50,000. Part of the Falmouth Neck was politically separated in 1786 to form the city of Portland, Maine , but significant recompense was not made until 1791, when Congress granted two tracts of land as compensation. These tracts became
3876-472: The step he took". This was in spite of orders to not commit such acts unless the town clearly refused to do business with the British. Graves was relieved of his command in December 1775, in part due to his failure to suppress the American naval forces. Conciliatory factions of the British press took a skeptical view of the assault on Falmouth, warning that the "Coercive and sanguinary Measures pursued against
3944-410: The town's houses and public buildings. One witness reported: The firing began from all vessels with all possible briskness, discharging on all parts of the town… a horrible shower of balls from three to nine pounds weight, bombs, carcasses , live shells, grapeshot and musketballs.… The firing lasted, with little cessation, until six o'clock. When the bombardment appeared inadequate to Mowat, he sent
4012-422: The towns of New Portland, Maine and Freeman. News of the raid caused uproar in the colonies because of its cruelty. Mowat was denounced as a monster in the patriot press. The New-England Chronicle argued that "The savage and brutal barbarity of our enemies" proved that Britain was "fully determined with fire and sword, to butcher and destroy, beggar and enslave the whole American people." George Washington
4080-482: The trauma caused by evictions and steep jumps in monthly rent. Also in that year, city landlords raised rents by an average of 17.4%, which was the second-largest jump in the country. As of the census of 2010, there were 66,194 people, 30,725 households, and 13,324 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,106.2/sq mi (1,199.3/km ). There were 33,836 housing units at an average density of 1,587.8/sq mi (613.1/km ). The racial makeup of
4148-498: The united Colonies". The Falmouth incident was again mentioned on November 25, when Congress passed legislation described by John Adams as "the true origin of the American Navy". When news of the event first reached England, it was dismissed as rebel propaganda. When the reports were confirmed, Graves' superior, Lord George Germain , expressed surprise rather than offense: "I am to suppose that Admiral Graves had good reason for
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#17328760064884216-771: Was "a rival, and not a satellite of either Boston or New York." In that period, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow got his start as a poet and John Neal held a central position in leading American literature toward its great renaissance , having founded Maine's first literary periodical, The Yankee , in 1828. Other notable literary or artistic figures who were contemporaries include Grenville Mellen , Nathaniel Parker Willis , Seba Smith , Elizabeth Oakes Smith , Benjamin Paul Akers , Charles Codman , Franklin Simmons , John Rollin Tilton , and Harrison Bird Brown . Since 2000, Portland has hosted
4284-553: Was briefed on the attack whilst at headquarters in Cambridge . In a letter to John Hancock on 24 October 1775. Washington described the burning of Falmouth as "an Outrage exceeding in Barbarity & Cruelty every hostile Act practised among civilized Nations". The Massachusetts Provincial Congress authorized the issue of letters of marque , licensing privateer actions against the British navy. The Second Continental Congress heard of
4352-605: Was built in 1923. It was expanded in 1948 for use as the newspaper's headquarters. The Westin Portland Harborview , completed in 1927, is a prominent hotel located downtown on High Street . Photographer Todd Webb lived in Portland during his later years and took many pictures of the city. Some of Webb's pictures can be found at the Evans Gallery. The city is home to one daily newspaper, The Portland Press Herald/Maine Sunday Telegram , founded in 1862. The Press Herald
4420-463: Was designed by Alfred B. Mullett of white Vermont marble and featured a Corinthian portico , Portland retains his 1868 United States Custom House on Fore Street . Franklin Towers is a 16-story residential tower. Between 1969 and 2023, at 175 feet (53 meters), it was Maine's tallest residential building. It was surpassed by 201 Federal Street , which is 29.5 feet (9.0 m) taller. During
4488-458: Was diverted from Portland to Halifax , resulting in marked local economic decline. Icebreakers later enabled ships to reach Montreal in winter, drastically reducing Portland's role as a winter port for Canada. On June 26, 1863, a Confederate raiding party led by Captain Charles Read entered the harbor at Portland leading to the Battle of Portland Harbor , one of the northernmost battles of
4556-568: Was salvaged from recent wrecks. Captain Henry Mowat had been in the port of Falmouth (present-day Portland, Maine ) in May 1775 during Thompson's War , when local Patriots captured several ships carrying supplies for Boston and weaponry from Fort Pownall at the mouth of the Penobscot River . Graves ordered Mowat to "lay waste burn and destroy such Sea Port towns as are accessible to His Majesty's ships… and particularly Machias where Margueritta
4624-490: Was taken ". Mowat left Boston Harbor on October 6, 1775 aboard his 16-gun hydrographic survey sloop HMS Canceaux in company with the 20-gun ship Cat , the 12-gun schooner HMS Halifax , the bomb sloop HMS Spitfire , and the supply ship HMS Symmetry . His instructions were broad in the number of possible targets and he opted against attacks on Cape Ann , where the buildings were too widely spaced for naval cannon fire to be effective. On October 16, he reached
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