In sports , dribbling is maneuvering a ball by one player while moving in a given direction, avoiding defenders' attempts to intercept the ball. A successful dribble will bring the ball past defenders legally and create opportunities to score.
69-503: The Cruyff turn is an evasive dribbling move used in football , and named after Dutch player Johan Cruyff . In the 22nd minute of the game against Sweden in the group stage of the 1974 World Cup , while Cruyff had control of the ball in an attacking position and being guarded tightly by Swedish defender Jan Olsson , Cruyff feigned a pass before dragging the ball behind his standing leg, turning 180 degrees, and accelerating away. With its simplicity, effectiveness and unpredictability,
138-552: A 42% increase over the previous contract, and £145 million for overseas television rights, up 272% on the £39 million received for the previous four-year period. However, during 2008–09 Setanta UK went into administration, which weakened the FA's cashflow position. Turnover for the year ending 31 July 2016 was £370 million on which it made a profit after tax of £7 million. It has also made an investment of £125 million back into every level of Football in 2016. In July 2015
207-465: A digital platform, and 353 documents were identified as highly relevant. Sheldon expected to start writing his final report in August 2018. In July 2018, it was reported that the FA's independent inquiry had found no evidence of an institutional cover-up or of a paedophile ring operating within football. Sheldon's report, likely to be highly critical of several clubs, was initially expected to be delivered to
276-465: A dribble is one of the most difficult ball skills to master and one of the most useful attacking moves. In typical game play, players attempt to propel the ball toward their opponents' goal through individual control of the ball, such as by dribbling (the usage of technical maneuvers). In order to go past an opponent, dribbling can involve a wide variety of manipulative tricks and feints ; Ronaldinho would often employ elaborate skills and feints, such as
345-593: A member since the fifth meeting in December 1863. Both Barnes and Wanderers have been refounded as football clubs in the modern era. Ebenezer Cobb Morley was the FA's first secretary (1863–66) and its second president (1867–74) and drafted the Laws of the Game generally called the "London Rules" at his home in Barnes, London . He played in the first-ever match in 1863. The first version of
414-520: A new chairman, with hopes there would be an announcement as to the successor by March 2021. In mid-November 2016, allegations of widespread historical sexual abuse at football clubs dating back to the 1970s began to emerge. On 21 November, the Football Association said it would set up a helpline; this was established with the NSPCC and opened on 24 November, reportedly receiving over 50 calls within
483-438: A shot; if the player dribbles and then holds the ball in any way (either grasping it with their hands or arms, or "palming" it, i.e. holding it too much toward its underside during the act of dribbling) then continues to dribble, the referee stops the play, signals either " double dribble " or "carrying", and turns the ball over to the other team. A "double dribble" may also be called if the player tries to dribble with both hands at
552-512: Is its ownership of the rights to England internationals and the FA Cup . Broadcasting income remains the FA's largest revenue stream with both domestic and international broadcasting rights for England fixtures and the FA Cup tied up until at least 2021. For the four seasons from 2008 to 2012, the FA secured £425 million from ITV and Setanta for England and FA Cup games domestic television rights,
621-459: Is known that dribbling skills were a key part of many nineteenth-century football games at English public schools with the earliest reference to ball passing coming in 1863 rules of The Football Association . In basketball , dribbling is the act of bouncing the ball on the floor continuously with one hand at a time. It is the only legal way for a player to maintain possession of the ball while walking or running. Dribbling allows players to move
690-480: Is minimal, this creates advantage for the ball carrier advancing the ball; the defender may not make contact unless the attacker is touching the ball. Using short, and rapid arm strokes with high elbows, the dribbling player is often able to shield the ball from tackling attempts by the opposing team, particularly those chasing from behind or approaching adjacently. This aggressive defensive technique ensures any tackling attempts, successful or not, risk potential injury as
759-695: Is often hard to dispossess; unsuccessful tackles (which do not reach the ball) may result in a useful free kick situation and a reprimand for the offender in the form of a penalty card . At the 2018 FIFA World Cup , Belgium playmaker Eden Hazard , renowned for being difficult to dispossess, set a World Cup record for successful dribbles completed in any World Cup game since 1966, with a 100% success rate in ten dribbles against Brazil. Early references to dribbling come from accounts of medieval football games in England . For example, Geoffrey Chaucer offered an allusion to such ball skills in fourteenth century England. In
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#1732880704087828-439: Is the first account of an exclusively "kicking game" and the first description of dribbling: "[t]he game at which they had met for common recreation is called by some the foot-ball game. It is one in which young men, in country sport, propel a huge ball not by throwing it into the air but by striking it and skillfully rolling it along the ground, and that not with their hands but with their feet... kicking in opposite directions". It
897-502: The Canterbury Tales (written some time after 1380) he uses the following line: "rolleth under foot as doth a ball". Similarly at the end of the 15th century comes a Latin account of a football game which was played at Cawston, Nottinghamshire , England. It is included in a manuscript collection of the miracles of King Henry VI of England . Although the precise date is uncertain it certainly comes from between 1481 and 1500. This
966-424: The elastico , in order to beat defenders. Dribbling is often invaluable especially in the third part of a pitch or at the wings, where most attacks take place. Dribbling creates space in tight situations where the dribbler is marked (closely guarded by a defender), and the dribbler can either score or create scoring chances after a successful dribble. However, dribbling, if poorly mastered and used, may result in
1035-1102: The Ascension Island Football League , the Bermuda Football Association , the British Virgin Islands Football Association , the Cayman Islands Football Association , the Falkland Islands Football League , the Montserrat Football Association , the Turks and Caicos Islands Football Association ), but these are not considered subsidiary to the Football Association. Although the British overseas territories are too small to support professional teams, they have produced players such as Clyde Best who have gone on to play professionally in
1104-655: The Asian Football Confederation (AFC). HK played an important role in the early development of Asian football and hosted the first Asian Cup competition in 1956 . The dependent territory was relinquished by the UK in 1997 and handed over to the People's Republic of China . Some of the other British overseas territories have local football associations or leagues (including the Anguilla Football Association ,
1173-500: The First World War . In a move that was widely seen as caused by jealousy of the crowds' interest in women's games which frequently exceeded that of the top men's teams, in 1921 the Football Association banned all women's teams from playing on grounds affiliated to the FA because they thought football damaged women's bodies. For several decades, this meant that women's football virtually ceased to exist. The decision to exclude women
1242-489: The Freemasons' Tavern on Great Queen Street , London on 26 October 1863, there were no universally accepted rules for playing football. Ebenezer Cobb Morley , as captain of Barnes , in 1862 wrote to Bell's Life newspaper proposing a governing body for the sport "with the object of establishing a definite code of rules for the regulation of the game"; the letter led to the first meeting at The Freemasons' Tavern that created
1311-451: The coat of arms of the Football Association ) is the same, but the three lions, rosettes and border are in gold instead of black and red, with the usual white background. The title strip above reads "The FA" in white on gold, and there is a scroll below reading "150 years" in white on gold, between "1863" and "2013". By 1921 women's football had become increasingly popular through the charitable games played by women's teams during and after
1380-490: The county football associations . It runs numerous competitions, the most famous of which is the FA Cup . It is also responsible for appointing the management of the men's , women's , and youth national football teams. The FA is a member of both UEFA and FIFA and holds a permanent seat on the International Football Association Board (IFAB) which is responsible for the Laws of the Game . As
1449-489: The "association" rules. After six clubs had withdrawn as they supported the opposing Rugby Rules, the Football Association had just nine members in January 1864: Barnes, Kilburn, Crystal Palace, War Office (Civil Service), Forest Club, Forest School, Sheffield, Uppingham and Royal Engineers (Chatham). An inaugural game using the new FA rules was initially scheduled for Battersea Park on 2 January 1864, but enthusiastic members of
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#17328807040871518-565: The AGM and include: However, pressure for FA reform continued fuelled by allegations of racism and bullying in relation to the Mark Sampson and Eniola Aluko cases, and the historical sexual abuse scandal. In October 2017, FA chairman Greg Clarke announced a "fundamental" review of the FA after admitting it had "lost the trust of the public" following the Sampson controversy. In the same month, Clarke
1587-514: The Cruyff turn remains one of the most commonly recognized dribbling moves in modern football. The fact that the feint was named after Cruyff, however, does not mean that Cruyff was the first to perform this move. Just like with most evasive dribbles, feints and tricks, the first footballer to perform it, is almost always impossible to trace down. Pele, for example, performed the trick in 1960 (vs Juventus). Dribbling In association football ,
1656-401: The FA announced it was to set up an internal review, led by independent counsel Kate Gallafent, into what Crewe and Manchester City knew about convicted child sex offender Barry Bennell and allegations of child sexual abuse in football, and investigate what information it was aware of at the time of the alleged offences. The FA was criticised by Conservative MP Damian Collins , chairman of
1725-449: The FA announced plans to carry out a significant organisational restructure, in order to deliver considerable cost savings to invest in elite England teams, facilities and grassroots coaching. The FA's income does not include the turnover of English football clubs, which are independent businesses. As well as running its own operations the FA chooses five charities each year to which it gives financial support. In three years up to 2014,
1794-603: The FA as a "County Association" and only in 1993 did the FA found the "Women's Football Committee" to run women's football in England. The "Women's Football Conference", as it is now known, has representation on the FA Council equivalent to a County Football Association . In December 2016, five former FA executives – David Bernstein , David Davies , Greg Dyke , Alex Horne and David Triesman – called on Parliament's Culture, Media and Sport Committee to propose legislation to reform
1863-518: The FA could not wait for the new year: the first game under F. A. rules was played at Mortlake on 19 December 1863 between Morley's Barnes team and their neighbours Richmond (who were not members of the FA), ending in a goalless draw. The Richmond side were obviously unimpressed by the new rules in practice because they subsequently helped form the Rugby Football Union in 1871. The Battersea Park game
1932-460: The FA had scrapped a project meant to ensure children were being protected from sexual abuse; and FA officials had been uncooperative with the review project, with ten of 14 FA staff not replying to interview requests and a report by the researchers of others being "prevented/bullied" from talking). Sutcliffe said an independent body, such as the Department for Culture, Media and Sport should look at
2001-474: The FA has overall responsibility for policy. Traditionally this person rose through the ranks of the FA's committee structure (e.g. by holding posts such as the chairmanship of a county football association). In 2008 politician David Triesman was appointed as the FA's first "independent chairman", the first from outside the football hierarchy. The day-to-day head of the FA was known as the Secretary until 1989, when
2070-466: The FA in 1863. Morley was a founding member. Six meetings near London's Covent Garden, at 81–82 Long Acre , ended in a split between the Association football and Rugby football . Both of them had their own uniforms, rituals, gestures and highly formalised rules. In each public school the game was formalised according to local conditions; but when the schoolboys reached university, chaos ensued when
2139-687: The FA in September 2018, but its publication was delayed, potentially by up to a year, pending the retrial of Bob Higgins and possible further charges against Barry Bennell. The 700-page report was eventually published on 17 March 2021. It identified failures to act adequately on complaints or rumours of sexual abuse at eight professional clubs: Aston Villa , Chelsea , Crewe Alexandra , Manchester City , Newcastle United , Peterborough , Southampton and Stoke City . The report also made 13 recommendations for further improvements, including clubs employing qualified safeguarding officers, an FA board member to be
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2208-443: The FA over the removal of two draft rules at the previous meeting, the first which allowed for the running with the ball in hand and the second, obstructing such a run by hacking (kicking an opponent in the shins), tripping and holding. Other English rugby clubs followed this lead and did not join the FA but instead in 1871 formed the Rugby Football Union . The term "soccer" dates back to this split to refer to football played under
2277-467: The FA received £350,000 in fines from players over comments made on Twitter . The highest fine imposed was a £90,000 fine to Ashley Cole in 2012 after calling the FA "a bunch of twats." The FA became stricter on comments made by players on Twitter, disciplining 121 players in three years. The FA has a figurehead President, who since 1939 has always been a member of the British royal family . The Chairman of
2346-585: The FA since 1903, 1908 and 1905 respectively. A loophole was closed in May 2008 by FIFA which allowed players born in the Channel Islands to choose which home nation within the United Kingdom they will represent at international level. During the 1990s, Trevor Wood (Jersey) and Chris Tardif (Guernsey) represented Northern Ireland. The British overseas territory of Gibraltar 's Gibraltar Football Association
2415-606: The FA, saying it was outdated, held back by "elderly white men", and unable to counter the power of the Premier League or "to reform and modernise in a fast-changing world". In April 2017, it was announced that some reforms, including reducing the size of the FA's board and increasing the number of women, would be submitted for approval to the FA's annual general meeting on 18 May. However, the proposed changes were criticised by some for not going far enough, particularly to improve minority representation. The proposals were approved at
2484-558: The Football Association took control of the newly created Premier League which consisted of 22 clubs who had broken away from the First Division of the Football League. The Premier League reduced to 20 clubs in 1995 and is one of the richest football leagues in the world. The Football Association has updated their logo several times. They celebrated their 150th year with a special 2013–2014 season logo. The shield design (taken from
2553-637: The Football Association, and referees such as Carlyle Crockwell , who have refereed FIFA matches. The Football Association first joined FIFA in 1905. The British Associations (England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales) opted to leave FIFA after World War I when FIFA chose not to exclude those who were part of the Central Powers from the organisation. The British Associations' stance had changed by 1922 and in 1924 they had rejoined FIFA. The British Olympic Association had fought against 'broken time' – monetary compensation for athletes' earnings when competing in
2622-486: The House of Commons' Culture, Media and Sport Committee , for being too slow in reacting and not instigating a wider review. Former sport minister Gerry Sutcliffe talked of previous concern about how the FA dealt with governance of the sport and with youth development (in the 1990s, the FA was said to have reacted "dismissively" to worries about sexual abuse in the game, and too slow to implement criminal record checks; in 2003,
2691-670: The Isle of Man ( Isle of Man Football Association ) are affiliated to the FA despite having a separate identity from that of the United Kingdom and by extension England . They are considered county football associations by the FA. Matt Le Tissier and Graeme Le Saux have represented the FA's full national representative team and were born in Guernsey and Jersey respectively. The Guernsey Football Association, Isle of Man Football Association and Jersey Football Association have been affiliated with
2760-715: The London-based Football Association and the Sheffield Football Association , the FA Cup brought the acceptance that one undisputed set of laws was required. The two associations had played 16 inter-association matches under differing rules; the Sheffield Rules, the London Rules and Mixed Rules. In April 1877, those laws were set with a number of Sheffield Rules being incorporated. In 1890 Arthur Kinnaird replaced Major Francis Marindin, becoming
2829-598: The Olympic games. At the 1925 Olympic Congress in Prague, the British had made an amendment that concluded governing federations should define amateur status for their sports but only in accordance with the definition of amateurism accepted by the Olympic Congress. In 1928, Switzerland proposed to FIFA that in certain circumstances, 'broken time' payments should be allowed and FIFA accepted. The FA resigned from FIFA in protest against
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2898-528: The Sheldon review had made its first call for evidence, writing to all football clubs in England and Wales, amateur and professional, asking for information by 15 March about allegations of child sexual abuse between 1970 and 2005. In March 2018, it was reported that the scale of evidence provided, plus the "chaotic nature of the archiving", had delayed the inquiry team's sift through the FA's legal files; around 500,000 pages of material from 6,000 files were uploaded to
2967-520: The amateurs' territory, came in 1883." Hitherto, public school sides had played a dribbling game punctuated by violent tackles, but a new passing style developed in Scotland was successfully adopted by some Lancashire teams, along with a more organised approach to training. Blackburn Olympic reached the final in March 1883 and defeated Old Etonians . Near-neighbours Blackburn Rovers started to pay players, and
3036-468: The ball down the court, evade defenders, and create scoring opportunities. It's a fundamental skill in basketball that involves moving the ball around the court with control. James Naismith 's original rules said nothing about dribbling, merely stating that passing the ball was the legal way of advancing it. Players soon developed the strategy of "passing to themselves", which Naismith himself both endorsed and admired for its ingenuity, and which evolved into
3105-633: The creation of the Football Association Cup —the longest-running association football competition in the world—in 1871. Fifteen participating clubs subscribed to purchase a trophy. The first Cup Final was held at The Oval on 16 March 1872, fought between the Wanderers and the Royal Engineers (RE), watched by 2,000 spectators. In 1874 Francis Marindin became the third president of the Football Association. After many years of wrangling between
3174-456: The day-to-day operations of the Premier League , it has veto power over the appointment of the league chairman and chief executive and over any changes to league rules. The English Football League , made up of the three fully professional divisions below the Premier League, is self-governing, subject to the FA's sanctions. For centuries before the first meeting of the Football Association in
3243-567: The designated "children's safeguarding champion", spot checks of amateur clubs, a "national day of safeguarding in football" and an annual safeguarding report. However, the measures were criticised for being too late and lacking ambition. The FA issued a "heartfelt apology" to survivors and said it would be implementing all of Sheldon's recommendations. The football associations within the Crown Dependencies of Jersey ( Jersey Football Association ), Guernsey ( Guernsey Football Association ) and
3312-415: The dribble as it is known today. The first known team to dribble was Yale University in 1897. The dribble allows for much faster advancement and thus more opportunities for scoring. It also provides an opportunity for a crafty player on the opposing team to "steal" the ball in mid-bounce. Once a player stops dribbling the ball and holds it, the player normally must either pass it to another player or take
3381-691: The dribble, making the player difficult to defend, and opening up options to pass, shoot or drive with the ball. In the NBA , Stephen Curry of the Golden State Warriors and Kyrie Irving who currently plays for the Dallas Mavericks are generally considered the best ball handlers, and players like Trae Young of the Atlanta Hawks and Jamal Murray of the Denver Nuggets have also made their mark in
3450-587: The dribbling is related to: The Football Association The Football Association or the FA is the governing body of association football in England and the Crown Dependencies of Jersey , Guernsey and the Isle of Man . Formed in 1863, it is the oldest football association in the world and is responsible for overseeing all aspects of the amateur and professional game in its territory. The FA facilitates all competitive football matches within its remit at national level, and indirectly at local level through
3519-582: The first actions of the Football Association was to request the expulsion of the German and Japanese national football associations for their countries' role in World War II . Germany and Japan were prevented from qualifying for the 1950 FIFA World Cup as a consequence. They were re-acquainted with FIFA in 1950 following a second request from Switzerland who had had a previous request rejected in 1948. The FA runs several competitions: The FA's main commercial asset
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#17328807040873588-477: The first football association, it does not use the national name "English" in its title. The FA is based at Wembley Stadium , London . The FA is a member of the British Olympic Association , meaning that the FA has control over the men's and women's Great Britain Olympic football team. All of England's professional football teams are members of the Football Association. Although it does not run
3657-473: The first meeting were: Charterhouse sent their captain, B.F. Hartshorne , but declined the offer to join. Many of these clubs are now defunct or still play rugby . Civil Service FC, who now plays in the Southern Amateur League , is the only one of the original eleven football clubs still in existence, with an unbroken history, and playing association football , although Forest School has been
3726-518: The first two hours, over 100 by 27 November, and 860 ("more than three times as many referrals as in the first three days of the Jimmy Savile scandal ") by 1 December with 350 individuals alleging abuse. The FA and NSPCC also collaborated to produce a film about how to keep children safe in the sport, featuring the captains of England's men's, women's and cerebral palsy football teams ( Wayne Rooney , Steph Houghton and Jack Rutter). On 27 November,
3795-490: The following season won the first of three consecutive FA Cups. The FA initially tried to outlaw professionalism but, in the face of a threatened breakaway body (the British Football Association ), by 1885 was forced to permit payments to players. Three years later, in 1888, the first Football League was established, formed by six professional clubs from northwest England and six from the midlands. In 1992,
3864-489: The fourth president of the Football Association. Kinnaird had at that time been a FA committeeman since the age of 21, in 1868. Kinnaird remained president for the next 33 years, until his death in 1923. The FA Cup was initially contested by mostly southern, amateur teams, but more professionally organised northern clubs began to dominate the competition during the early 1880s; "The turning point, north replacing south, working class defeating upper and professionals impinging upon
3933-437: The issue rather than the FA investigating itself: "What I've seen in football over the years is that they're very narrow, very insular, and may not do a proper job even though with the right intentions." On 6 December 2016, the FA announced that, due to "the increased scope of the review since it was announced" and Gallafent's other professional commitments, the review would be conducted by Clive Sheldon QC. On 11 January 2017,
4002-438: The league as great dribblers. The National Association of Basketball Coaches (NABC) was founded in 1927 to oppose a move to eliminate dribbling from the sport. In water polo , dribbling is the technique of moving the ball while swimming forward. The ball is propelled ahead of the player with the wake created by alternating armstrokes, and often accompanied by occasional nudges using the nose or forehead. Since ball contact
4071-478: The loss of possession either when the ball is intercepted or tackled by a defender . Some players prefer getting past players with speed and physicality, such as the winger Gareth Bale , some players go straight at opponents and look to go past them directly with a nutmeg (kicking the ball through their legs), such as Luis Suárez , whereas others may use feints, control, agility, and acceleration to evade tackles, such as Lionel Messi . A skillful dribbler
4140-574: The players used different rules, so members of the University of Cambridge devised and published a set of Cambridge Rules in 1848 which was widely adopted. Another set of rules, the Sheffield Rules , was used by a number of clubs in the North of England from the 1850s. Eleven London football clubs and schools representatives met on 26 October 1863 to agree on common rules. The founding clubs present at
4209-553: The proposal. As a result of the FA's resignation, England did not participate in the 1930 , 1934 or 1938 FIFA World Cup. At the 1930 Olympic Congress in Berlin, Belgian delegates proposed that for each sport the definition of amateur status be left to its international federation. The BOA argued for a common definition of amateurism and argued that 'broken time' payments were against the Olympic ideal. The FA rejoined FIFA in 1946 and participated in their first World Cup in 1950 . One of
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#17328807040874278-620: The rules for the modern game was drawn up over a series of six meetings held in The Freemasons' Tavern from October till December. Of the clubs at the first meeting, Crusaders, Surbiton and Charterhouse did not attend the subsequent meetings, replaced instead by the Royal Navy School, Wimbledon School and Forest School . At the final meeting, F. M. Campbell , the first FA treasurer and the Blackheath representative, withdrew his club from
4347-405: The same time. Dribbling should be done with finger pads and the fingers should be relaxed and spread. The wrist should be pushing the basketball, and the forearm should be moving up and down. Skilled ball handlers bounce the ball low to the ground, reducing the risk of a defender reaching in to steal the ball. Adept dribblers can dribble behind their backs, between their legs and change the speed of
4416-434: The turbulent elbow motion is considered legal by FINA , and so a defending player must avoid contact in their attempts to steal the ball from the dribbler. The requirement that a player perform a specialist skill in order to be allowed to run with the ball is common and necessary in many sports. Introducing these skills prevents players from taking the ball in hand and running the length of the field unchallenged. In this way,
4485-424: Was London v Sheffield , in which a representative team from the FA played Sheffield FC under Association rules in March 1866; Charles Alcock described this game as "first [match] of any importance under the auspices of the Football Association". Alcock (of Harrow School ) of the Wanderers was elected to the committee of the FA in 1866, becoming its first full-time secretary and treasurer in 1870. He masterminded
4554-685: Was affiliated to the FA from 1911 until it opted to become a fully recognised member of UEFA , a feat achieved after a 14-year legal battle. Joseph Nunez, the Gibraltar FA President claimed they were "unilaterally thrown out" of the FA following an intervention from Geoff Thompson . On the other hand, the Hong Kong Football Association (HKFA), established in 1914, is one of the oldest football associations in Asia. They joined FIFA in 1954, and were also one of twelve founding members of
4623-558: Was criticised by sexual abuse victim Andy Woodward and the Professional Footballers' Association 's chief executive Gordon Taylor for remarks Clarke made to a Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Committee (DCMS) hearing. In November 2020, Clarke resigned as FA chairman over his use of the term " coloured " when referring to black players in comments to the DCMS committee via video link. The FA subsequently announced they would seek
4692-501: Was only reversed from 1969 when, after the increased interest in football caused by England's 1966 World Cup triumph, the Women's Football Association was founded, although it would take a further two years – and an order from UEFA – to force the (men's) Football Association to remove its restrictions on the playing rights of women's teams. It was not until 1983 that the WFA was able to affiliate to
4761-488: Was the first exhibition game using FA rules, and was played there on Saturday 9 January 1864. The members of the opposing teams for this game were chosen by the President of the FA ( A. Pember ) and the Secretary ( E. C. Morley ) and included many well-known footballers of the day. After the first match according to the new FA rules a toast was given "Success to football, irrespective of class or creed". Another notable match
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