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32-424: The Craigentinny Marbles is the mausoleum of William Henry Miller (1789-1848), a wealthy landowner and Member of Parliament for Newcastle-under-Lyme , who retired to his estate at Craigentinny after losing his parliamentary seat in 1841. Miller was childless, so upon his death in 1848, the execution of his will fell to a distant relative, Samuel Christy . The will contained instructions to bury Miller's body in

64-658: A cemetery , a churchyard or on private land. In the United States , the term may be used for a burial vault below a larger facility, such as a church. The Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels in Los Angeles, California, for example, has 6,000 sepulchral and cinerary urn spaces for interments in the lower level of the building. It is known as the "crypt mausoleum". In Europe, these underground vaults are sometimes called crypts or catacombs . A chapel mausoleum or mausoleum chapel in

96-461: A 20-foot-deep pit above which, The Scotsman reported, would be built a monument "in commemoration of the private virtues of the deceased, for, as a public character, he was unknown." £20,000 was allocated for construction. Although the monument would originally have been a solitary structure in a moorland half a mile east of Miller's house , it is now somewhat incongruously surrounded by 1930s bungalows on Craigentinny Crescent. The mausoleum itself

128-792: A Scottish building or structure is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Mausoleum The word mausoleum (from the Ancient Greek : μαυσωλεῖον ) derives from the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus (near modern-day Bodrum in Turkey), the grave of King Mausolus , the Persian satrap of Caria , whose large tomb was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World . Mausolea were historically, and still may be, large and impressive constructions for

160-405: A cathedral with minimal additional cost. Cardinal Mahoney reiterated his pledge for no parish-based appeal to finance the cathedral construction, and urged major donors to the cathedral not to cut back on their current or future charitable giving in order to continue outreach efforts to the poor at the same time. To keep the record straight, a resume of the total construction costs was released to

192-725: A cemetery can be used for funeral services. Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels The Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels ( Spanish : Catedral de Nuestra Señora de los Ángeles ), informally known as the COLA or the Los Angeles Cathedral ( Spanish : Catedral de Los Ángeles ), is the metropolitan cathedral of the Roman Catholic Church in Los Angeles , California, United States. It opened in 2002 and serves as

224-567: A deceased leader or other person of importance. However, smaller mausolea soon became popular with the gentry and nobility in many countries. In the Roman Empire , these were often in necropoles or along roadsides: the via Appia Antica retains the ruins of many private mausolea for kilometres outside Rome . When Christianity became dominant, mausolea were out of use. Later, mausolea became particularly popular in Europe and its colonies during

256-425: A new cathedral utilizing contemporary architecture drew criticisms from those who preferred the gothic revival stylings typical of preceding centuries. In actuality, the cathedral's architectural design was selected from a pool of 38 submissions from international architectural firms as far away as Japan, Germany, Spain and England, by a blue-ribbon jury of experts from the J. Paul Getty Trust , California Institute of

288-594: Is but one." Entities within the Archdiocese of Los Angeles, such as Catholic Charities, Together in Mission, and the Catholic Education Foundation, are responsible for funneling funds that help to feed, clothe, house, educate and provide healthcare for the poor. The organ is Opus 75 of Dobson Pipe Organ Builders of Lake City , Iowa , and is a 105 rank four-manual instrument that incorporates pipes from

320-519: The Hollywood Freeway from Los Angeles County at a cost of $ 10.85 million. The archdiocese chose to retain the "Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels" name approved by the Vatican in the 1940s. The initially proposed budget for the project was $ 150 million, rising to a final cost of $ 189.7 million. The construction was supervised by Father Richard S. Vosko , a liturgical design consultant and priest of

352-479: The Holy See to build a new cathedral to be named after Our Lady of the Angels. However, an economic downturn in 1907 put a stop to the project; a Catholic parish church was later built on the site. In the 1940s, plans were drawn up for a new cathedral on Wilshire Boulevard that would seat 3,000 people, and in 1945 Archbishop John Joseph Cantwell announced that the Holy See approved the name "Cathedral of Our Lady of

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384-440: The early modern and modern periods . A single mausoleum may be permanently sealed. A mausoleum encloses a burial chamber either wholly above ground or within a burial vault below the superstructure. This contains the body or bodies, probably within sarcophagi or interment niches. Modern mausolea may also act as columbaria (a type of mausoleum for cremated remains) with additional cinerary urn niches. Mausolea may be located in

416-636: The mother church for the Archdiocese of Los Angeles , as well as the seat of Archbishop José Horacio Gómez . The structure replaced the Cathedral of Saint Vibiana , which was severely damaged in the 1994 Northridge earthquake . Under Roger Cardinal Mahony , Archbishop of Los Angeles , Our Lady of the Angels was begun in 1998 and formally dedicated on September 2, 2002. There was considerable controversy over both its deconstructivist and modern design, costs incurred in its construction and furnishing, and

448-504: The relics of Saint Vibiana and tilma piece of Our Lady of Guadalupe . It is the mother church to approximately five million professed Catholics in the archdiocese. The Cathedral of Saint Vibiana had served as the cathedral of the Los Angeles see since its completion in 1876. Soon after its completion, the diocese noted it to be of inferior construction quality and also too small for Los Angeles' rapidly growing population. In 1904, Bishop Thomas James Conaty gained permission from

480-511: The 1929 Wangerin organ of St. Vibiana's Cathedral. The St. Vibiana instrument had been rebuilt in 1988 by Austin Organs . The Dobson instrument has a total of 6,019 pipes and was dedicated in 2003. It is the 89th largest pipe organ in North America and the 143rd largest in the world. The organ case is approximately 60 feet (18 m) high, and is located approximately 24 feet (7.3 m) above

512-475: The Angels". That cathedral was never built, however, as Cantwell died in 1947 and his successor, James Francis McIntyre , decided instead that building new parish churches and schools in the expanding metropolis was a more pressing need for the archdiocese. McIntyre gained permission from donors to redirect money donated for the Cantwell cathedral fund to those needs. The 1994 Northridge earthquake severely damaged

544-557: The Arts , UCLA, USC, Harvard and the American Academy in Rome. Others argued that a church of that size and expense was unnecessary, overly-elaborate and that the money could have been better spent on social programs, suggesting that either St. Vincent Church on West Adams Boulevard or St. Basil Church on Wilshire Boulevard , despite their smaller size, could perform the functions required of

576-554: The Cathedral of Saint Vibiana, which led the archdiocese to close the cathedral due to safety concerns. In January 1995 the archdiocese announced plans to build a new cathedral on the Saint Vibiana site, plans which necessitated the demolition of the old cathedral. This led to a lengthy legal battle between the archdiocese and preservationists , who argued that the cathedral was a city landmark and that it should be either incorporated into

608-686: The Diocese of Albany who has overseen the design and renovation of numerous churches and cathedrals in the United States. Construction began in 1998 and was completed in September 2002. The architect was Pritzker Prize -winning Spaniard Rafael Moneo . Using elements of postmodern architecture , the church and the Cathedral Center feature a series of acute and obtuse angles while avoiding right angles . Contemporary statuary and appointments decorate

640-559: The Israelites singing a song of celebration for their escape and the destruction of the Egyptian army. The 'Pharaoh' bas-relief was finished in time to be displayed at the 1862 International Exhibition in London, but the 'Song' bas-relief was completed just before Gatley's death from dysentery in 1863. The monument was designated a Category A listed building in 1970. This article about

672-467: The adornments that distinguish and enhance the structure, and through the central role they have played in preserving and expanding the spiritual and liturgical teachings that define the Catholic faith. . . . This project will serve a vital role in our society - contributing to the architectural, religious and cultural persona of downtown Los Angeles". In response to protests staged during the construction of

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704-508: The archdiocese's decision to build a crypt under the cathedral. The cathedral is named in honor of the Virgin Mary under the patronal title of "Our Lady of the Angels", echoing the full name of the original settlement of Los Angeles ( Spanish : El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles , or "The Town of Our Lady the Queen of the Angels"). The cathedral is widely known for enshrining

736-410: The cathedral grounds also include a mausoleum , gift shop, cafe, children's garden, conference center, and clergy residences. The relics of Saint Vibiana are interred in the mausoleum, as are the remains of several past bishops , archbishops , and auxiliary bishops of Los Angeles. The size of the cathedral is 6,038 square metres (64,990 sq ft). Roger Cardinal Mahony's decision to build

768-552: The cathedral, the cardinal's editorial for the Los Angeles Times, dated October 19, 1998, stated: "The Catholic Worker and others shortchange the poor when they adopt the stance that the Church should be attentive only to the material concerns of the needy. This is out of step with Church history and with the teaching of Jesus, who said that people do not live by bread alone. There are various kinds of poverty, of which material poverty

800-452: The complex. Prominent of these appointments are the bronze doors and the statue called The Virgin Mary , all adorning the entrance and designed by Robert Graham . Other features include three fountains and a bronze sculpture by Johnny Bear Contreras dedicated as a Native American memorial. The building is equipped with solar panels for generating 15% of its electricity. In addition to the church,

832-605: The crypt mausoleum. On September 3, 2011, the cathedral played host to a Votive Mass in honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The Mass marked the conclusion of the First Annual Grand Marian Procession organised by the Queen of Angels Foundation . The cathedral is a popular Catholic wedding venue on a year-round basis. The cathedral hosts occasional musical performances, including concerts by Libera . On

864-428: The floor. To meet earthquake-stability requirements, the pipes and case are supported by a massive internal steel frame. The cathedral features a mausoleum in its lower level, containing 1,270 crypts and 4,746 columbarium niches for burials. Proceeds from the sale of memorials and burial spaces are placed in an endowment fund to support the cathedral. All past ordinaries of the archdiocese are memorialized in

896-463: The mausoleum, including a future burial site for Cardinal Roger Mahony , and the remains of several ordinaries and auxiliary bishops who died before the cathedral was built were transferred there. The tomb of Saint Vibiana was transferred to the cathedral from its previous location above the altar at the Cathedral of Saint Vibiana ; the tomb is the centerpiece of the St. Vibiana Chapel located adjacent to

928-506: The mausoleum. The crypt mausoleum features a number of stained glass windows that were originally installed in Saint Vibiana's Cathedral. This idea was suggested by Mario Agustin Locsin, a renowned Liturgical Artist and consultant on the renovation. The old cathedral windows were restored and two new windows featuring guardian angels created by the Judson Studios were placed at the entrance to

960-431: The new cathedral or otherwise saved. The archdiocese contended that restoring the old cathedral to carry out its functions safely would cost $ 18–20 million, and had not received any pledges or donations for this purpose. This legal battle prompted the archdiocese to look to build the cathedral on a new site. In December 1996, the archdiocese announced it was purchasing a 5.6-acre (2.3 ha) site between Temple Street and

992-450: The press. Avoiding any fundraising from local parishes and devoting 24 hours per week in contacting actual and potential donors, the cardinal described his cathedral project in some of his letters as follows: "Historically, cathedrals have defined their eras, creating a legacy of enduring and innovative architectural designs. They have served as a focal point for artistic and religious expression through their acquisition from local artisans of

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1024-500: Was designed by David Rhind and completed in 1856, with two bas relief sculptures by Alfred Gatley depicting part of the biblical narrative of the Exodus added later. The relief on the north face, 'The Overthrow of Pharaoh in the Red Sea', shows the destruction of Ramesses II 's army during the crossing of the Red Sea . The relief on the south face, 'The Song of Moses and Miriam', depicts

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