Misplaced Pages

#161838

28-662: Cowlington is a town in LeFlore County , Oklahoma . It is part of the Fort Smith metropolitan area . The population was 155 at the time of the 2010 census, a gain of 16.5 percent over the figure of 133 recorded in 2000. The fertile soil of the Arkansas River bottom land, in which the present town of Cowlington is located, attracted settlement as soon as the Choctaw tribe migrated to Indian Territory. Many of these inhabitants fled during

56-493: A boys academy. New Hope Seminary operated until it burned in 1896. The first school for Choctaw freedmen opened at Boggy Depot. In 1892, the Tushkalusa (black warriors) Freedmen Boarding school opened three miles southeast of Talihina. From 1886, development of coal mining and timber production attracted considerable railroad construction: the Choctaw, Oklahoma and Gulf Railroad built tracks from Wister west to McAlester. In 1898,

84-638: A few miles north of Skullyville, but reassigned the garrison after four years. The Methodist Church took over the facility, converting it for use as the Fort Coffee Academy for Boys, a missionary school. That church also established the New Hope Seminary for Girls in 1845, just east of town. In 1847, the Choctaw Agency burned and its functions were transferred to Fort Washita . During the Civil War,

112-617: A significant portion of the local economy, although the population declined again after construction was completed. Cowlington is located 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Robert S. Kerr Lock and Dam (part of the McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System ). The town is also 10.5 miles (16.9 km) south of Sallisaw . According to the United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 0.9 square miles (2.3 km), all land. As of

140-437: Is located in the county. It is one of two National Recreation Areas located in the state of Oklahoma, the other being Chickasaw . At the census of 2000, there were 48,109 people, 17,861 households, and 13,199 families residing in the county. The population density was 30 inhabitants per square mile (12/km ). There were 20,142 housing units at an average density of 13 units per square mile (5.0/km ). The racial makeup of

168-623: The Choctaw Nation . Robert S. Kerr , former Governor of Oklahoma and U.S. Senator, established a ranch outside Poteau in the 1950s. In 1978 the family donated this residence to the state. It was adapted and opened for use as the Kerr Conference Center and Museum. The Kerr Center for Sustainable Agriculture and the Overstreet-Kerr Historical Farm are also in the county. According to the United States Census Bureau ,

196-836: The Poteau Valley Railroad built a line from Shady Point to Sutter (later known as Calhoun , which they abandoned in 1926. Also in 1900-01 the Arkansas Western Railroad constructed tracks from Heavener east to Arkansas. In 1901 the Fort Smith and Western Railroad connected Coal Creek west to McCurtain in Haskell County. In 1903-04 the Midland Valley Railroad laid tracks from Arkansas west through Bokoshe to Muskogee. The Oklahoma and Rich Mountain Railroad, owned by

224-631: The U.S state of Oklahoma . As of the 2020 census , the population was 48,129. Its county seat is Poteau . The county is part of the Fort Smith metropolitan area and the name honors a Choctaw family named LeFlore. The United States District Court for the Eastern District of Oklahoma is the federal district court with jurisdiction in LeFlore County. The Choctaw Nation signed the Treaty of Doak's Stand in 1820, ceding part of their ancestral home in

252-439: The census of 2000, there were 133 people, 55 households, and 38 families residing in the town. The population density was 145.3 inhabitants per square mile (56.1/km). There were 67 housing units at an average density of 73.2 per square mile (28.3/km). The racial makeup of the town was 74.44% White , 8.27% Native American , 3.76% from other races , and 13.53% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.76% of

280-590: The American Civil War, returning only when hostilities had ceased. White men also came after the war and began leasing land. Among these were Coke and Fowler Cowling. A settlement formed that was informally known as Short Mountain. A post office named Cowlington, to honor the Cowling family, opened in the community in 1884. At the time of its founding, Cowlington was located in the Moshulatubbee District of

308-462: The Choctaw Nation. Cowlington's economy was largely based on agricultural services. Area production included wheat, potatoes, cotton, and livestock. The town prospered because of its access to the steamboat trade on the river. Two floods along the Arkansas River, in 1898 and 1904, devastated the local economy, but the town recovered each time. However, railroads built lines through LeFlore County in

SECTION 10

#1733093062162

336-516: The Choctaw allied with the Confederacy and many of their men served in its army. The Battle of Devil's Backbone was fought near the present town of Pocola on September 1, 1863. Union Major General James G. Blunt defeated Confederate Brigadier General William Cabell . Union troops burned the Fort Coffee Academy in 1863, because it was being used to house Confederate troops. In 1866, the Choctaw government reopened New Hope Seminary, but never rebuilt

364-642: The Dierks Lumber and Coal Company, constructed the county's last railroad, from Page to the lumber town of Pine Valley in 1925–26. Prior to statehood, the area that became LeFlore County was part of Moshulatubbee and the Apukshunnubbee districts. Its present-day territory fell primarily within Nashoba , Skullyville , Sugar Loaf , and Wade counties, with small portions falling within Cedar and San Bois counties, in

392-521: The MSA. The racial makeup of the MSA was 82.78% White , 3.46% African American , 5.80% Native American , 1.80% Asian , 0.04% Pacific Islander , 2.26% from other races , and 3.87% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.54% of the population. The median income for a household in the MSA was $ 30,500, and the median income for a family was $ 35,902. Males had a median income of $ 28,074 versus $ 20,182 for females. The per capita income for

420-735: The Southeastern U. S. and receiving a large tract in Indian Territory . They signed the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek in 1830, which ceded the remainder of their original homeland. Most of the remainder of the Choctaw were removed to Indian Territory, escorted by federal military troops, in several waves. In 1832, the Federal Government constructed the Choctaw Agency in Indian Territory about 15 miles (24 km) west of Fort Smith, Arkansas . The town of Skullyville developed around

448-427: The age of 18 living with them, 58.50% were married couples living together, 11.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.10% were non-families. 23.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.05. In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.10% under

476-480: The age of 18, 9.70% from 18 to 24, 27.00% from 25 to 44, 23.30% from 45 to 64, and 13.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.80 males. As of 2000, the median income for a household in the county was $ 27,278, and the median income for a family was $ 32,603. Males had a median income of $ 26,214 versus $ 19,792 for females. The per capita income for

504-474: The agency. It was designated as county seat of Skullyville County , the capital of the Moshulatubbee District of which Skullyville County was a part, and the national capital of the Choctaw Nation . The US Indian agents lived in the town. In the late 1850s, it was designated as a stage stop ( Walker's Station ) for the Butterfield Overland Mail route. In 1834, the U. S. Army built Fort Coffee

532-565: The area include the Arkansas cities of Van Buren and Ozark and the Oklahoma cities of Poteau and Sallisaw . It is directly positioned under Crawford County in the western part of Arkansas. Constituent counties of the MSA include: Arkansas Oklahoma Communities are categorized based on their populations in the 2000 U.S. Census. As of the census of 2000, there were 273,170 people, 104,506 households, and 75,005 families residing within

560-403: The average family size was 3.03. In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.8% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 19.5% from 45 to 64, and 18.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.9 males. The median income for a household in the town

588-646: The company extended the line east from Wister to Howe, continuing the line to Arkansas in 1899. (This line was leased to the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway in 1904). In 1896 the Kansas City, Pittsburg and Gulf Railroad (acquired by the Kansas City Southern Railway in 1900) built tracks through the region from north to south, exiting into Arkansas near the Page community in southern LeFlore County. In 1900-01

SECTION 20

#1733093062162

616-505: The county has a total area of 1,609 square miles (4,170 km ), of which 1,589 square miles (4,120 km ) is land and 19 square miles (49 km ) (1.2%) is water. The Arkansas River forms the northern boundary of the county, while its tributaries, the Poteau and James Fork rivers drain much of the county into the Arkansas. The Kiamichi , Little and Mountain Fork rivers drain the rest of

644-842: The county into the Red River of the South . The Ouachita Mountains extend into the southern part of the county, along with associated ranges: the Winding Stair Mountains and the Kiamichi Mountains . Cavanal Hill is partly in the northern part of the county. Lake Wister , a flood control reservoir, is in the central part of the county, formed behind. The Ouachita National Forest, in the county's southern half, and Heavener Runestone State Park are tourist attractions. Additionally, Winding Stair Mountain National Recreation Area

672-535: The county was $ 13,737. About 15.40% of families and 19.10% of the population were below the poverty line , including 24.10% of those under age 18 and 16.50% of those age 65 or over. According to 2021 census estimates, its median household income was $ 43,049 and the county had a poverty rate of 23.5%. The following sites in LeFlore County are listed on the National Register of Historic Places : Fort Smith metropolitan area Other major cities located within

700-475: The county was 80.35% White , 2.21% Black or African American , 10.72% Native American , 0.21% Asian , 0.03% Pacific Islander , 1.44% from other races , and 5.03% from two or more races. 3.84% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 22.7 were of American , 10.1% Irish , 9.6% German and 7.7% English ancestry. By the 2020 census , its population was 48,129. As of 2000, there were 17,861 households, out of which 33.40% had children under

728-512: The late 1800s, and began to supplant the steamboats. Fowler Cowlington tried to convince some of the railroads to build a track through Cowlington, but failed in this effort. More residents began to move away. Construction of the Robert S. Kerr Lock and Dam between 1964 and 1970 coincided with a large increase in Cowlington's population to a high of 751 residents at the 1970 U. S. Census. Tourism became

756-405: The population. There were 55 households, out of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.7% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.9% were non-families. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and

784-414: Was $ 16,591, and the median income for a family was $ 19,167. Males had a median income of $ 16,875 versus $ 23,125 for females. The per capita income for the town was $ 9,323. There were 6.3% of families and 9.6% of the population living below the poverty line , including no under eighteens and 8.7% of those over 64. LeFlore County, Oklahoma LeFlore County is a county along the eastern border of

#161838