42-588: The Counties Manukau District Health Board (CM Health) was a district health board which focused on providing healthcare to the Counties Manukau area in southern Auckland , New Zealand. As of 2016, it ws responsible for 534,750 residents; or 11% of New Zealand's population. In July 2022, CM Health was merged into the national health service Te Whatu Ora (Health New Zealand). The Counties Manukau District Health Board, like most other district health boards (DHBs), came into effect on 1 January 2001 established by
84-611: A large number of governance roles including being Chief Advisor Strategic Relationships at the Ministry of Pacific Island Affairs in Auckland, TYLA Trust, COMET Auckland, Vaka Tautua, Brain Injury Association, Talklink Trust and Fonua Ola. He currently serves on the board of Lifewise and was recently elected to the Mt. Wellington Licensing Trust which owns and operates hotel and conference centres –
126-574: A large-scale reform of the healthcare system. Labour subsequently lost the election to Robert Muldoon 's National Party in the 1975 election . The Special Advisory Committee on Health Services Organisation (SACHSO) advocated establishing 14 "Area Health Boards" (AHBs), which combined the curative functions of the Hospital Boards with the preventative functions of the Department of Health 's district health offices. The Third National Government piloted
168-529: A population of 145,000, Eastern Locality holds around 28.5% of the CM Population. Of this 28.5%, 114,000 or 24% of CM Health's population are registered with a general practice within the Eastern Locality. The Eastern Locality has the oldest age average of CM Health's jurisdiction with over 16,000 residents over the age of 65. The majority of Eastern Locality is persons of Chinese and/or Indian descent; it
210-735: A population of 537,633 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 68,337 people (14.6%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 104,550 people (24.1%) since the 2006 census . There were 150,702 households. There were 267,261 males and 270,369 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.99 males per female. The median age was 33.0 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 123,513 people (23.0%) aged under 15 years, 121,347 (22.6%) aged 15 to 29, 233,424 (43.4%) aged 30 to 64, and 59,349 (11.0%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 41.7% European/Pākehā, 16.3% Māori, 25.3% Pacific peoples, 28.2% Asian, and 2.6% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas
252-518: A set of objectives; they have a degree of autonomy in how they choose to achieve these. In contrast to their predecessors, the regional health authorities, the DHBs are non-profit providers. The DHB Funding and Performance Directorate of the Ministry of Health monitors the performance of individual DHBs. DHBs provided funding to primary health organisations (PHOs). DHB activities were governed by boards, which consisted of up to eleven members: seven elected by
294-461: A three-year period with an interim Health New Zealand organisation being set up in late 2021. Legislation establishing the new organisation is expected to occur in mid-2022. The second phase from late 2022 will be the expansion and development over a two-to-three year period. Epidemiologist Michael Baker described the establishment of the district health board system as driven by neoliberalism and characterised it as an "absurd system". He welcomed
336-640: A trial AHB health scheme in the Wellington and Northland regions. Due to the success of the pilot scheme, the Government passed legislation establishing Area Health Boards in 1983. Following the 1984 election , the incoming Fourth Labour Government expanded the Area Health Board system. Between 1985 and 1989, the 27 existing hospital boards were restructured as AHBs. These entities were led by board members who were elected for three year terms concurrent with
378-740: Is a New Zealand politician. He is a member of the Labour Party . He was born in Auckland to Samoan parents, and has been active in New Zealand's Pasifika community. Gosche was born in 1955 to German-Samoan parents. He was raised and educated in South Auckland . He was a full-time official with the Hotel, Hospital & Restaurant Workers Union later the Service & Food Workers Union − or SFWU) for 15 years. He
420-442: Is estimated that over two-thirds of CM Health's Chinese population and one-third of its Indian population live within the Eastern Locality. Manukau Locality is the largest by population with 35% representing 187,000 people. Manukau has the largest concentration of people representing 56% of CM Health's total Maori, 37% of its total Pacific population, 53% of its total Indian population, and 24% of Other populations. The initial board
462-610: The 1999 election , the incoming Labour-Alliance coalition government launched an extensive revamp of New Zealand's healthcare system as part its of health election pledge. Under the New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000 , the Labour-led Government replaced the Hospital and Health Services system with 21 district health boards, which came into force in 2001. These DHBs operated as subsidiary organisations of
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#1733094482418504-805: The Fifth National Government to form the new Southern District Health Board ; reducing the number of DHBs to 20. On 21 April 2021, Minister of Health Andrew Little announced that DHBs would be abolished and replaced by a public health agency to be called Te Whatu Ora (Health New Zealand), which will be modelled after the British National Health Service . In addition, a new Te Aka Whai Ora (Māori Health Authority) will be established to set up policies for Māori health and to decide and fund those who will deliver services. A Public Health Authority will also be established to centralise public health work. The transition will occur over
546-582: The Labour government announced that the system of district health boards was to be abolished and replaced by a single agency to be called Te Whatu Ora (Health New Zealand). In addition, a new Te Aka Whai Ora (Māori Health Authority) was to be set up to regulate and provide health services to the Māori community . The district health board (DHB) system had three predecessors: the Area Health Boards (1983–1989),
588-571: The New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000 . On 1 July 2022, the Counties Manukau DHB was merged into Te Whatu Ora (Health New Zealand), which took over the functions and responsibilities of the former DHBs including hospitals and health services. Counties Manukau was subsumed into Te Whatu Ora's Northern division. Middlemore Hospital is the largest facility under the management of CM Health, however they manage multiple other facilities, which include Kidz First Children's Hospital,
630-561: The South Island . DHBs received public funding from the Ministry of Health on behalf of the Crown , based on a formula that took into account the total number, gender, age, socio-economic status and ethnic mix of their population. DHBs were governed by boards, which were partially elected (as part of the triennial local elections ) and partially appointed by the minister of Health . In April 2021,
672-596: The Wellington Free Ambulance covering the rest of the country. On 1 May 2010 the Otago DHB and the Southland DHB merged to form a new Southern DHB, with elected members coming from two constituencies – Otago and Southland – and the remainder appointed by the Ministry of Health, with the change taking effect from the 2010 local-body elections . From 1 July 2010, a unified primary health organisation has covered
714-593: The local council bodies . In 1991, the incoming Fourth National Government introduced legislation replacing the AHB board members with Government-appointed commissioners. These changes were part of a Government "green and white paper" entitled Your Health and Public Health which proposed privatising public healthcare services in New Zealand. In 1993, the Area Health Boards were replaced by 23 Crown Health Enterprises (CHEs), which operated as state-owned enterprises and were responsible for providing health services. In addition,
756-576: The CM population. The population of Franklin Locality is a European majority locality with only 27% of the population not being European (17% Māori , 4% Pasifika , and 6% Others). Otara-Mangere is the smallest locality under CM Health and accounts for roughly 32% of the CM population at around 166,500. Of the population 110,000 are registered with a doctors practice, 68,000 in Māngere and 42,000 in Ōtara . Included in
798-589: The Government and medical providers concluded a series of arrangements known as the General Medical Service (GMS) benefits, which established a dual system of public and private healthcare services which would remain in place until 1983. During the 1970s, growing dissatisfaction with the quality and accessibility of the healthcare system led the Third Labour Government to issue a white paper called A health service for New Zealand, which proposed
840-465: The Government established four Regional Health Authorities (RHAs) with purchasing responsibilities. The purchaser/provider split was meant to ensure that public hospitals did not have privileged access to purchasing resources over private hospitals. Following the 1996 election , the governing National Party and its New Zealand First coalition partner merged the RHAs in 1997 into a national purchasing agency,
882-655: The Health Funding Authority. Under the Health and Disability Services Amendment Act 1998, the Crown Health Enterprises were revamped as Hospital and Health Services (HHS). As part of the coalition governing arrangement, there was more emphasis on collaboration between health purchasers and providers while the HHS were reoriented to be less commercially focused with greater community input on hospital boards. Following
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#1733094482418924-558: The Health Ministry and were responsible for providing and funding health services within a defined geographical area. Funding for the DHBs was allocated based on the Health Ministry's population-based funding formula. In addition, the HFA was disestablished and its health funding functions were transferred to the Health Ministry. On 1 May 2010, the Otago and Southland DHBs were amalgamated by
966-680: The Manukau Surgery Centre, Pukekohe Hospital, Franklin Memorial Hospital, Botany Downs Maternity Unit and Papakura Maternity Unit as well as dedicated mental health and rehabilitation units. There are also specialised smaller scale health centres referred to as SuperClinics, they are, Manukau SuperClinic and Botany SuperClinic. The area covered by the Counties Manukau District Health Board is defined in Schedule 1 of
1008-608: The New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000 and based on territorial authority and ward boundaries as constituted as at 1 January 2001. The area can be adjusted through an Order in Council . CM Health is divided into four divisions, Otara-Mangere, Manukau, Franklin , and Eastern. These divisions are called Localities. Franklin is the largest locality in CM Health and has a population of around 70,000 representing 14% of
1050-541: The New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000 under the Fifth Labour Government , responsible for ensuring the provision of health and disability services to populations within a defined geographical area. They existed from 1 January 2001, when the act came into force, to 30 June 2022. Initially there were 21 DHBs, and this was reduced to 20 organisations in 2010: fifteen in the North Island and five in
1092-512: The Otara-Mangere Locality is the northern portion of Papatoetoe as well as a small portion of Ōtāhuhu . The population of the Otara-Mangere Locality is 65% Pasifika, 20% Māori, 8% European, and 7% other. The Eastern Locality geographical area includes urban areas of Howick , Pakuranga , Dannemora , East Tāmaki and Flat Bush and extends to the rural areas of Beachlands , Maraetai , Clevedon , Kawakawa Bay and Ōrere Point . With
1134-685: The Regional Health Authorities and Crown Health Enterprises (1993–1997), and the Health Funding Authority (HFA) and Hospital and Health Services (1998–2001). In 1938, the First Labour Government introduced the Social Security Act 1938 with the goal of creating a free public health system in New Zealand. Due to disagreements between the Government and medical professionals, this vision was not realised. In 1941,
1176-592: The abolition of DHBs. In October 2021, the Sixth Labour Government introduced the Pae Ora (Healthy Futures) Bill to replace the country's district health boards with the new Te Whatu Ora. The legislation would also establish the Te Aka Whai Ora and a new Public Health Agency while strengthening the Ministry of Health 's stewardship role. The bill passed its third reading on 7 June 2022. On 1 July 2022,
1218-610: The boards' expertise as deemed necessary. As part of the appointment process, the Minister of Health appoints a chairperson and a deputy-chair; either from the appointed members or from elected members. Voting for public-elected DHB board members occurred at the same time as local-body elections . Local-body elections take every three years on the second Saturday in October. As defined in the legislation, elected and appointed (if they get appointed in time) members started their term 58 days after
1260-437: The district health boards were formally disestablished, with Health New Zealand assuming control of all hospitals and health services. The DHB system's functions and operations were assumed by Te Whatu Ora, Te Aka Whai Ora, and the Health Ministry. In addition, Te Whatu Ora established four new regional divisions to manage health services in the former 20 district health boards: The Ministry of Health gives district health boards
1302-447: The election (i.e. in early December) and the term of the previous board finished that day. Health Boards were replaced by unelected commissioners in Hawke's Bay in 2009, Southern in 2015 and Waikato in 2019. The basis on which ministers have made such decisions have been questioned. Taranaki and Wairarapa District Health Boards maintained their own ambulance services, with St John and
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1344-512: The entire new Southern DHB region, with PHO centres in Alexandra , Dunedin and Invercargill with the mandate of providing PHO resources and services, replacing the previous nine PHOs. There were 20 DHBs, organised around geographical areas, of varying population sizes, though they were not coterminous with the Regions of New Zealand : Mark Gosche Mark James Gosche (born 2 December 1955)
1386-671: The position. Gosche is the Chief Executive of Vaka Tautua, a role he took up in July 2014 after five years on the governance board. Vaka Tautua is a not-for-profit ‘for Pacific by Pacific’ community health and social service provider working in the areas of disability, mental health, older people, family violence and financial capability – with offices in Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch. The governance board and staff of Vaka Tautua are almost all of Pacific Island heritage and all operational staff are bilingual. Since leaving politics he has held
1428-483: The profits of which are returned to the community via a charitable trust. Gosche's experience is also informed by his wife Carol whom he is a caregiver for. Carol, had a severe brain haemorrhage in 2002. He and his wife had four children. Gosche is currently employed by the Manukau Institute of Technology as External Relations Manager for MIT's Pasifika Development office. At the 2016 Auckland elections , Gosche
1470-480: The public every three years, and up to four appointed by the Government's Minister of Health . From 1 January 2001 the boards comprised appointed members only. The first elected members were chosen in the 2001 local-body elections held on 13 October using the first-past-the-post voting system (FPP). Since the 2004 local-body elections , the single transferable vote (STV, a proportional voting system) has been used. The use of appointed Board members aims to balance
1512-699: The serious illness of his wife, who had suffered a brain haemorrhage . At the 2008 election , Gosche retired from politics to spend more time with his family. In 2009 he was nominated as a director on the New Zealand Rugby League board, being confirmed on 27 June. On 31 May 2011 Gosche was elected the Chairman of the Asia Pacific Rugby League Confederation . Gosche's term on the NZRL board ended in 2012 after he decided not reapply for
1554-456: Was $ 31,200, compared with $ 31,800 nationally. 63,117 people (15.2%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 213,216 (51.5%) people were employed full-time, 51,213 (12.4%) were part-time, and 19,575 (4.7%) were unemployed. District health board District health boards ( DHBs ) in New Zealand were organisations established by
1596-399: Was 39.2, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people objected to giving their religion, 34.7% had no religion, 42.7% were Christian , 6.4% were Hindu , 2.8% were Muslim , 1.8% were Buddhist and 6.0% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 80,169 (19.4%) people had a bachelor or higher degree, and 73,887 (17.8%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income
1638-679: Was also on several boards including the Trade Union Authority and New Zealand Tourism Council. He was first elected to Parliament as a list MP in the 1996 election , and was seen as a key bridge builder between Labour and the Alliance . He was later MP for the Auckland seat of Maungakiekie following the 1999 election . He held a number of Cabinet posts, including Minister of Corrections , Minister of Housing , Minister of Transport , and Minister of Pacific Island Affairs . In May 2003, however, he resigned all his ministerial roles due to
1680-616: Was elected to the Mt Wellington Licensing Trust. In April 2018 Gosche was appointed chair of the Counties Manukau District Health Board , effective 3 May 2018. In June 2018 Housing and Urban Development Minister Phil Twyford announced Gosche as deputy chair of the Housing New Zealand (Kāinga Ora) board. He became chair of the board and resigned from that position in 2024. In 1990, Gosche
1722-494: Was fully appointed. Since the 2001 local elections , the board has been partially elected (seven members) and in addition, up to four members get appointed by the Minister of Health. The minister also appoints the chairperson and deputy-chair from the pool of eleven board members. Elections for the board are held every three years. There are also four appointed members; Mark Gosche (chair), Patrick Snedden (deputy chair), George Ngatai and Kylie Clegg. Counties Manukau DHB served
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1764-634: Was later a union secretary with the SFWU for 7 years. This led him to join the Labour Party in 1981. Gosche founded the Union Health Centres (four low cost medical centres for union members, doctors and nurses) and was the original director of the organisation. He was a trustee of the Union Law Centre and a member of the national executive of the New Zealand Council of Trade Unions (NZCTU). He
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