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58-572: The Cooper Street Correctional Facility is a minimum-security state prison for men located in Jackson , Jackson County, Michigan , owned and operated by the Michigan Department of Corrections . The facility was created from the former grounds of the Michigan Parole Camp, which was across the street from the former Michigan State Prison . The prison opened in 1997 and holds 814 inmates at

116-418: A fence of tamarack poles, was built on 60 acres donated for that purpose inside the city limits of Jackson. In 1839 the first 35 prisoners were received. A permanent prison was built three years later. Beginning in the 1850s, Warden H.F. Hatch placed more emphasis on the education and rehabilitation of prisoners. By 1882, Michigan's First State Prison (1838–1934) had developed as the largest walled prison in

174-492: A general aviation facility. The 700-acre airport, equipped with an ILS system, is located just south of I-94 ( Airport Road exit #137). More than 100 general aviation aircraft are housed here, ranging from single-engine planes to business/corporate jet aircraft. The Airport is home to many related businesses, including the Jackson College Flight School, a restaurant, bar, and car rental. The Jackson Blues Festival

232-523: A hot, overcrowded hall, the group ultimately selected a slate of candidates for state elections. The marker identifies this as the birth of the Republican Party. The site, an oak grove on "Morgan's Forty", then on the outskirts of town, became known as "Under the Oaks". Before Detroit began building cars on assembly lines in 1910, Jackson factories were making parts for cars and putting them together. By 1910,

290-499: A large public middle school (The Middle School at Parkside). It has nine high schools: the public Jackson High School , East Jackson Secondary School (Public), Parma Western High School , and Northwest High School , T. A. Wilson Academy, Napoleon High School, and Vandercook Lake High School; and the private DaVinci Institute ( Charter ), Jackson Preparatory and Early College ( Charter ), and Jackson Christian School (Non-Denom), and Lumen Christi Catholic School (Catholic). The city

348-513: A line from Jackson to Lansing, Michigan . Norfolk Southern (NS) owns a yard in Jackson as well. The junction of I-94 and US 127 was built at Jackson. Reynolds Field at Jackson County Airport is the main airport for the city. It hosted commercial service, primarily under the North Central Airlines banner, until 1984. With the "Blue Goose" aircraft now gone, the airport today operates as

406-482: A minimum security level, as the common point for processing of all male state prisoners about to be discharged, paroled, or transferred. 42°17′42″N 84°23′54″W  /  42.294872°N 84.398282°W  / 42.294872; -84.398282 Jackson, Michigan Founded in 1829, it was named after President Andrew Jackson . Michigan's first prison, Michigan State Prison (or Jackson State Prison), opened in Jackson in 1838 and remains in operation. For

464-439: A self-guided tour. Numerous railroad connections were constructed to Jackson, connecting it to many markets. The local invention of the duplex corset by Bortree helped make Jackson a center of corset manufacturing. By the early 20th century, as many as 16 manufacturers of women's corsets operated here; the majority of which were located on Cortland and Pearl streets. As elastics were adopted in manufacturing and fashions changed,

522-521: A strong ethnic Macedonian identity. After Yugoslavia liberalized its emigration policies in 1960, another 40,000 Macedonians emigrated during the period 1960-77. Most have been economic migrants rather than political dissidents . At that time most of the Americans born of Macedonian Bulgarian descent have hardly any knowledge of Bulgaria and increasingly began to identify themselves simply as Macedonians . A large proportion of Macedonian Americans live in

580-483: A well-traveled Native American trail leading west from Ann Arbor . Blackman had hired Laverty and Pewytum to guide him west. Returning to Ann Arbor and Monroe , Blackman registered his claim for 160 acres (65 ha) at two dollars an acre. He returned to the Jackson area in August 1829 with his brother Russell. Together they cleared land and built a cabin at what would become the corner of Ingham and Trail streets. The town

638-466: Is a 1902 JAXON. Today the auto parts industry remains one of the largest employers of skilled machine operators in Jackson County. The city was also an early site for the moped parts industry. In 1914 Macedonian immigrant George Todoroff founded the first "Coney Island restaurant" and created his famous Coney Island hot dog topping. His Coney Island restaurant was located directly in front of

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696-429: Is also home to institutions of adult and higher education: Jackson College (formerly Jackson Community College), Baker College , Career Quest Learning Centers , and Spring Arbor University . An additional 15 higher education institutions are within a one-hour drive of Jackson County . As of the census of 2010, there were 33,534 people, 13,294 households, and 7,872 families residing in the city. The population density

754-513: Is held here annually in June. Jackson Area Transportation Authority operates ten routes Monday through Saturday out of a central station located downtown. Indian Trails and Greyhound Lines offer intercity service from the JATA station. In addition to the publicly funded JATA, there are four private taxicab companies operating in town. The City of Jackson Parks and Recreation Department includes: Some of

812-966: The Catholic Church and various Protestant denominations. There are about 20 Macedonian Orthodox Churches in the United States, of which all but four are located in the Northeast or Midwest . The oldest parish of the Macedonian Orthodox Church in America is the Macedonian Orthodox Cathedral of the Dormition of the Virgin Mary located in Columbus (Reynoldsburg), Ohio. The parish was organized on September 17, 1958. Three universities in

870-695: The Charles Egeler Reception and Guidance Center (RGC), and the Parnall Correctional Facility (SMT). The city levies an income tax of 1 percent on residents and 0.5 percent on nonresidents. Federally, Jackson is located in Michigan's 5th congressional district , represented by Republican Tim Walberg . Jackson is served by Jackson Public Schools . The Jackson urbanized area is home to approximately 16 elementary public schools, as well as about 16 private or parochial schools. It also has

928-548: The Köppen climate classification system, Jackson has a humid continental climate , abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps. Macedonian Americans Macedonian Americans ( Macedonian : Македонски Американци) are Americans of ethnic Macedonian heritage. Macedonian national feelings had shifted throughout the 20th century. According to the Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups , almost all of Macedonians in

986-785: The Michigan Central Railroad Jackson Depot on East Michigan Avenue is the nation's oldest train station in continuous active use. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002. Amtrak , the national passenger rail system, provides service to Jackson, operating its Wolverine three times daily in each direction between Chicago and Pontiac, Michigan , via Detroit. Baggage cannot be checked at this location; however, up to two suitcases, in addition to any "personal items" such as briefcases, purses, laptop bags, and infant equipment, are allowed on board as carry-ons. Jackson and Lansing Railroad (JAIL) owns

1044-581: The New York metropolitan area and the Northeastern United States . Another large cluster of Macedonian Americans lives in the Midwest , particularly Detroit , where roughly 10,000 (nearly 5% of all Macedonian Americans) are reported to be living. In 2016 census, Macedonian Americans community reach by 57,221. Most Macedonian Americans, especially those immigrating to North America in the last half of

1102-487: The 1840s and later supporting the temperance and the civil rights movement . St. Paul's Episcopal Church was also founded in 1839. The congregation's first church building, constructed in 1840, was replaced by a Romanesque Revival building in 1853; it is one of the oldest Episcopal Church structures in southern Michigan. Constructed in 1857, St. John's the Evangelist Church is the oldest Roman Catholic church in

1160-409: The 1910 U.S. Census. The aftermath of the war led to a fresh round of Macedonian immigration; 70,000 emigrated to Canada , Australia , the U.S., and other European countries. The growth of a distinct Macedonian-American community have occurred since the late 1950s, when the first immigrants from Communist Yugoslavia arrived. They have been instrumental in transmitting even the national feelings of

1218-844: The 20th century, belong to the Macedonian Orthodox Church , under the American-Canadian Macedonian Orthodox Diocese . Macedonian Americans immigrating before that time were generally affiliated with the Macedono-Bulgarian Orthodox Church . Smaller numbers of Macedonian Americans attend parishes affiliated with the Serbian Orthodox Church , Russian Orthodox Church or the Greek Orthodox Church . Through assimilation or intermarriage, many who remain observant are members of

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1276-758: The Annex of the Charles Egeler Reception and Guidance Center Annex (RGC) and the Southern Michigan Correctional Facility (JMF). One of the closed cell blocks at JMF has been adapted and re-opened as the Cell Block 7 Prison Museum . The other facilities in the complex, including two in the old walled building, remain open: the G. Robert Cotton Correctional Facility (JCF), the Cooper Street Correctional Facility (JCS),

1334-500: The Bansko region of what is today Bulgarian Macedonia . These Macedonians had often been educated by American missionaries and were encouraged to migrate to the United States for higher education or to attend missionary schools. But the first large swath of Macedonians came in the early 20th century from the border regions in the north of what is today Greek Macedonia , primarily the regions near Kastoria ( Kostur ), Florina ( Lerin ), and

1392-647: The Duplex Corset, in 1875. Within five years, production rose from 50,000 to 300,000 corsets per year. "The Biggest" Founded in 1884, the Jackson Corset Co. became the largest manufacturer of corset and waist garments in the US. Located at 209-215 W. Cortland St., they employed almost 300 people by 1895. "Woman-Owned" The Coronet Corset Manufactory opened in 1880 at 146 W. Main St. and later moved to 131-133 W. Pearl St. Coronet had

1450-650: The Jackson area offer their own version of the Coney Island hot dog, or just "coney" as referred to by local residents. Jackson's version of the coney dog is distinctly different from those featured in Detroit-area Coney Island restaurants or other Coney Island restaurants throughout Michigan and the Midwest. In 2014 Todoroff's Coney Island celebrated its centenary. The legislature authorized Michigan's first state prison in 1838. A temporary wooden prison, enclosed by

1508-615: The MPO, which it believed was a Bulgarian weapon. Immigration restarted after the wars; most of the new immigrants were from Greece , many of whom had been expelled from Greek Macedonia in the 1920s. The immigrants' organizations used Bulgarian language in their official documents. Since the 1920s and 1930s the Macedonian language has been recorded in American censuses. However, several Macedonian immigrants did list Macedonian as their native tongue in

1566-486: The MPO. During 1930s, some Macedonians began to indicate that their nationality was "Macedonian", and promoted this new ethnic identification, following political directives . The first organization in the United States to support the idea that Macedonians constitute a separate nationality was the pro-communist Macedonian People's League . MPL, which was financially supported by the Soviet Union, acted aggressively against

1624-554: The U.S. until World War II classified themselves as Macedonian Bulgarians or simply as Bulgarians. Nevertheless, the Bulgarian national identification during the late Ottoman Empire , from where most of the emigrants arrived, was based on ethno-religious principles and still ambiguous. Macedonian immigrants identified also as Macedonians. Early 20th century census documents and newspaper articles mention Macedonian language/mother tongue and race/nationality, but that designation

1682-552: The United States, the University of Chicago , Arizona State University , and Indiana University , offer Macedonian language courses. Michigan has more Macedonian language speakers than any other state with 4,425. Five more states, New Jersey, New York, Indiana, Ohio, and Illinois, also have more than 1,000 speakers. As of 2000, 0.5% of residents of Hamtramck, Michigan , a city primarily surrounded by Detroit , are of Macedonian ancestry. Macedonian Americans have been involved in

1740-425: The age of 18 living with them, 30.7% were married couples living together, 22.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.8% were non-families. 33.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.14. The median age in

1798-406: The age of 18 living with them, 35.8% were married couples living together, 19.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.0% were non-families. 32.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.12. In the city, 29.7% of the population was under

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1856-459: The age of 18, 9.8% was from 18 to 24, 30.4% from 25 to 44, 18.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.9% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.5 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 31,294, and the median income for a family was $ 39,072. Males had a median income of $ 31,957 versus $ 23,817 for females. The per capita income for

1914-608: The auto industry had become Jackson's main industry. More than 20 different brands of cars were once made in Jackson, including: Reeves , Jaxon, Jackson , CarterCar , Orlo , Whiting, Butcher and Gage; Buick , Janney, Globe, Steel Swallow, C.V.I., Imperial , Ames-Dean, Cutting , Standard Electric, Duck, Briscoe, Argo, Hollier, Hackett, Marion-Handly, Gem, Earl, Wolverine, and Kaiser-Darrin. Ye Ole Carriage Shop in Spring Arbor displays more than 60 antique and classic cars, including five one-and-onlys and 16 made in Jackson. One of these

1972-522: The beginning of the twentieth century, Jackson became an early automotive manufacturing center that attracted southerners and immigrants to the city's numerous factories, which saw its population increase significantly. On July 3, 1829, Horace Blackman, accompanied by Alexander Laverty, a land surveyor, and Pewytum , an Indian guide, forded the Grand River and made camp for the night at a site now marked as Trail and N. Jackson Street. They arrived there along

2030-494: The city has a total area of 10.98 square miles (28.44 km ), of which 10.86 square miles (28.13 km ) is land and 0.12 square miles (0.31 km ) (1.09%) is water. Restructuring in heavy industry in the mid-20th century caused a decline in jobs and population in many industrial cities, including Jackson. There are three major private employers in the city. CMS Energy provides natural gas and electrical services to much of Michigan and has its international headquarters in

2088-466: The city was $ 15,230. About 15.2% of families and 19.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.9% of those under age 18 and 11.0% of those age 65 or over. Jackson has a number of notable historic churches, several of which were established prior to the American Civil War . The First Baptist Church was established in 1839; the present building, a Romanesque Revival structure,

2146-405: The city was 32.2 years. 28.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.7% were from 25 to 44; 23.1% were from 45 to 64; and 10.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.7% male and 52.3% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 36,316 people, 14,210 households, and 8,668 families residing in the city. The population density

2204-418: The city, has been one of North America's premier custom-molded rubber specialists since 1969. The company employs over 35 people, providing components for the aerospace, automotive and defense industries. Jackson's state prison complex includes the first state prison building, which was expanded and became known as the largest walled prison in the world. Portions of the prison complex closed in 2007, including

2262-479: The city. It was established as a mission in 1836 to serve a congregation that was originally predominately Irish immigrants. Given the following waves of Catholic immigrants from other countries, its congregation today is more diverse. St. Mary Star of the Sea was established in 1881 as Jackson's second Catholic church. The present building, a limestone Romanesque structure built between 1923 and 1926, incorporates elements of

2320-590: The city. The next two major employers are Henry Ford Health (formerly Foote Hospital ) and the Eaton Corporation . Michigan Automotive Compressor, Inc. (MACI) is the largest manufacturer in Jackson County and its fourth-largest individual employer. In February 2009 it began offering voluntary buyouts to its workers, in reaction to the slowing economy during the financial crisis. Family-owned food manufacturer and distributor Dawn Foods has been based in Jackson since 1920. Jackson Flexible Products, just outside

2378-596: The corset industry quickly declined. The majority of the corset manufacturers in Jackson closed their doors by 1920. Only three of the original corset companies survived past the 1920s, by changing their production to therapeutic and prosthetic support garments and devices. "The First" Moses Bortree founded the Bortree Corset Company, the first corset manufacturer outside of New York, in 1868 at 112 W. Cortland. Founded to make crinoline skirts and bustles (hoop skirts!), they began manufacturing Bortree's newest creation,

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2436-602: The distinction of being run by the first and only female president, Mrs. C.A. McGee, who invented and patented the Coronet Corset. Sources: The History of Business and Industry in Jackson, Michigan by the Ella Sharp Museum, 1993 (available at Jackson District Library) and recent Jackson Citizen Patriot stories (available at http://www.mlive.com/Jackson/ ). According to the United States Census Bureau ,

2494-597: The eventual after-war status of Macedonia. With a great majority the delegates supported the proposal for annexation to Bulgaria. In January 1919 after Bulgaria lost the war, a memoir was sent to the Great Powers, submitted by the Macedono-Bulgarian Central Committee in the US. In it was explained the real motives of Bulgaria to enter the war and it demanded Macedonia to join to Bulgaria. In the 1920s, many Macedonian-Americans became very suspicious that

2552-430: The first place of worship for African Americans in Jackson County. Late 19th-century immigrants included Jews from Germany and eastern Europe. Jackson is home to Temple Beth Israel , a Reform synagogue founded in 1862 by German Jewish immigrants . From the late nineteenth century into the mid-twentieth century, Jackson was a major railway hub and for over a century has been known as the crossroads of Michigan. Today

2610-598: The longest time, the city was known as the "birthplace of the Republican Party " when politicians met in Jackson in 1854 to argue against the expansion of slavery, although the political party now formally recognizes its birthplace as being Ripon, Wisconsin . Nevertheless, the Republican Party's earliest history dates back to Jackson and is commemorated by a plaque in the city's Under the Oaks City Park, which has since been visited by numerous Republican presidents. At

2668-538: The main Macedonian organization at that time - the Macedonian Patriotic Organization , existed merely to advance Bulgaria's political interests. Thus, some Macedonian-Americans began to form smaller clubs and societies whose members were limited to fellow villagers. Members of these small groups could trust the others in their group, and they knew that they were not being taken advantage of the leaders of

2726-559: The older, pro-Bulgarian oriented immigrants from Macedonia. Most of the American-born people of Macedonian-Bulgarian descent had little knowledge of Bulgaria and increasingly have identified during the second half of the 20th century simply as Macedonians. Still, some remnants of the pre-1945 Macedonian diaspora, from the whole area, have retained their strong regional Macedonian identity and Bulgarophile sentiments, while nearly all post-WWII Macedonian emigrants, from Greece and Yugoslavia, have

2784-563: The original prison site on Cooper Street are available through the Original Jackson Historic Prison Tours . A closed, fully intact cell block at the modern prison in Blackman Township was operated as the Cell Block 7 Prison Museum from 2014-2019. Independently operated by the accredited Ella Sharp Museum , this was the only museum where visitors could enter a closed cell block on the grounds of an active prison for

2842-445: The parish's first church as well as stained glass windows, marble altars and communion rails imported from Italy and Austria. The first and only Eastern Orthodox Church is St. Demetrius Orthodox Church, founded in 1958. Among the modern churches in the town is Westwinds Community Church , a non-denominational, evangelical Christian church. Founded in 1865 in a blacksmith shop, Community Jackson African Methodist Episcopal Church became

2900-453: The parks include: JAX 60 Lanes in Jackson has hosted multiple professional ten-pin bowling events for the PBA Tour and PBA50 Tour. On July 16–23, 2023, the center hosted the inaugural PBA50 World Series of Bowling. This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to

2958-463: The railroad station on East Michigan Avenue and was open 24 hours. The restaurant proved to be a popular dining option for rail passengers. Over the course of 31 years, Todoroff sold more than 17 million Coney Island hot dogs. Today two Coney Island restaurants unaffiliated with Todoroff's are located in a building near the train station on East Michigan Avenue, Virginia Coney Island and Jackson Coney Island. In addition, several area restaurants throughout

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3016-581: The south-west of North Macedonia, notably around Bitola . These Macedonians had faced the greatest retributions from the Ottoman military due to the fact that the 1903 Ilinden uprising was centered in these areas. In December 1918 in Chicago was summoned a congress, which lasted a week, where ca. 200 delegates were present. In the course of the First World War events its organizers prepared a mutual agreement about

3074-465: The world. Within its walls, the factories and surrounding farms, manned by cheap inmate labor, made Jackson one of the leading industrial cities in the nation. In 1934 a new prison was completed just north of Jackson's city limit in Blackman Township; it took all of the state prisoners. The historic building is now used as an artists' resident community, known as the Armory Arts Village. Tours of

3132-459: Was 3,085.0 inhabitants per square mile (1,191.1/km ). There were 15,457 housing units at an average density of 1,422.0 per square mile (549.0/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 71.4% White , 20.4% African American , 0.4% Native American , 0.7% Asian , 1.6% from other races , and 5.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 5.3% of the population. There were 13,294 households, of which 35.8% had children under

3190-497: Was 3,274.9 inhabitants per square mile (1,264.4/km ). There were 15,241 housing units at an average density of 1,374.4 per square mile (530.7/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 73.87% White , 19.70% Black or African American , 0.56% Native American , 0.51% Asian , 0.04% Pacific Islander , 1.65% from other races , and 3.67% from two or more races. 4.05% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 14,210 households, out of which 33.7% had children under

3248-473: Was dedicated in March 1872. The First Congregational Church is housed in a monumental Romanesque Revival building constructed in 1859. A basement was added after the structure had been in operation for several years. In 1871 the building was raised eight feet to accommodate lower-level classrooms. Its congregation has actively participated in local social reform efforts, becoming part of the antislavery movement in

3306-498: Was first called Jacksonopolis. Later, it was renamed Jacksonburgh. Finally in 1838, the town's name was changed to simply Jackson. Jackson is one of the birthplaces of the Republican Party . The first official meeting of the group that called itself "Republican" was held in Jackson on July 6, 1854. A Michigan historical marker at what is now the northwest corner of Second and Franklin streets in Jackson commemorates an anti-slavery county convention held that day. Meeting outside to avoid

3364-522: Was used then mainly as a regional identification. The sense of belonging to a separate Macedonian nation gained credence after World War II, following the establishment of the People's Republic of Macedonia within the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the codification of a distinct Macedonian language. The first Macedonian immigrants to the U.S. arrived in the late 19th century from

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