81-522: Cook Park may refer to: Cook Park, Orange , a park in New South Wales, Australia Cook Park, St Marys , a multi-use venue in New South Wales, Australia Rodney Cook Sr. Park , Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. Cook Park, Tigard , oldest park in Tigard, Oregon, U.S. See also [ edit ] Mount Cook National Park (disambiguation) Cook Park Library,
162-553: A High Victorian style public park, Cook Park has a series of paths radiating from a central hub in which stand the bandstand and the John Gale Memorial Fountain. In 1887 Andrew Patterson was employed as the first curator and was instrumental in the development of the park during this early period. In that year a Caretakers Cottage was built at a cost of A£185. Another curator Mr Bastick and his son formed two generations serving this park as curators. The cottage/lodge
243-528: A longboat and two cutters up the coast to sound the entrance and examine Cook's Port Jackson. Phillip first stayed overnight at Camp Cove , just inside the South Head, then moved up the harbour, landing at Sydney Cove and then Manly Cove, before returning to Botany Bay on the afternoon of 24 January. Phillip returned to Sydney Cove in HM Armed Tender Supply on 26 January 1788, where he established
324-566: A 11-kilogram (24 lb) smooth bore , cast about 1806 at the Carron Iron Foundry in Scotland. The park was proclaimed in 1873 and officially named in honour of Captain James Cook in 1882. The reserve was naturally swampy: Mr Sheridan recalled how his friend Harry Albon talked of paddling there and catching frogs and tadpoles as a small boy in the 1870s. In April 1882 the name Cook Park
405-478: A big tree/ redwood ( Sequoiadendron giganteum ). This tree is one of the earliest in Cook Park. Lawns and flower beds, and a gravel walk, conservatory and two pavilions were also constructed; from there on the park developed and took shape. Shrubberies, annual beds, bulb beds and exotic trees all became a feature of the park. Much of the design of the straight paths and rows of trees remain in place. A good example of
486-482: A central pipe down over three levels. On one of these levels four boys with urns stand on an acanthus embossed plinth. Above this level there is fern frond decoration and three storks. The Clinton Street-Summer Street corner gates were erected in the 1890s. A lodge, erected in about 1900, is built of sandstock brick and has a corrugated iron roof. Two more lakes were excavated by 1908, full of gold and silver fishes and turtles. A further fountain in memory of John Gale
567-411: A class within the region and NSW at large demonstrating principle characteristics congruent with each other. Such characteristics of the class include location within or close to the town centre, extensive exotic mature plantings, and central visual element such as rotunda/performance space, water feature/s, and fountain/memorial sculpture. The more formal Victorian parks of Machattie and Cook Parks contain
648-411: A conservatory and the two rustic pavilions mostly date from the 1890s. The James Dalton Fountain fountain was donated in 1891 by very prominent Orange townsman, James Dalton, a wealthy merchant who was part owner of Dalton Bros store, now the site of Grace Bros. It was erected in the park on the central axis off Summer Street near the central bandstand. It is built of cast iron and the water falls from
729-672: A facility in the Cook Memorial Public Library District in Libertyville, Illinois, United States Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Cook Park . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cook_Park&oldid=1259471008 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
810-571: A fine example of the Victorian era public park. Situated adjacent to the town's main street, the park has outstanding mature plantings and many fine features. It was set aside as a public reserve in 1854 and the park was proclaimed in 1873. From the 1870s onwards an outstanding collection of exotic trees were planted which today are large, mature specimens. This collection includes, elms, oaks, lindens, poplars, redwoods, cypresses, firs, ash and walnuts, with two Bunya pines and one Tasmanian blue gum. Cook Park
891-569: A focal point in Orange. Cook Park was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 24 August 2018 having satisfied the following criteria. The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales. Cook Park is of state heritage significance as a remaining highly intact example of a Victorian style park within a rural inland city. The Cook Park area, as
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#1733084844541972-406: A formative period in its development. He spent the remainder of his career as a shire engineer in country NSW. Both Cook and Machattie Parks were difficult sites to develop. Cook Park was on a swamp...Both Cook Park and Machattie Park were designed and developed in the grand Victorian style with wide sweeping paths, a pond, a fernery and towering exotic trees reminiscent of "The Old Country". This
1053-588: A great deal of work focused on habitat restoration and restoring the biodiversity of the harbour, including a major program called the Sydney Harbour Research Program around 2012, led by Emma Johnston . Project Restore is an ongoing large-scale project by SIMS and its partner universities that aims to restore different habitat types at the same time, to restore seascapes in Sydney Harbour. It encompasses four projects already under way, including
1134-473: A local storekeeper introduced them in the town. A large number of the original plants were donated by the City of Ballarat . It has retained a high reputation for its begonia displays. The original aviary was donated by Dr Wally Maws, Mayor of Orange 1936–44 and 1948–50. It was enlarged in 1995. The latticed fernery was completed in 1938: incorporating two pieces of Daltoniana: the John Gale Memorial Fountain of 1891
1215-795: A much larger fleet than would probably ever seek for shelter or security in it." Royal Navy officer David Blackburn also described it as a "fine Harbour as Any in the World, with water for any Number of the Largest ships." The Great White Fleet , the United States Navy battle fleet, arrived in Port Jackson in August 1908 by order of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt . From 1938, seaplanes landed in Sydney Harbour on Rose Bay , making this Sydney's first international airport. In 1942, to protect Sydney Harbour from
1296-485: A railing and a weatherboard ceiling. The frieze is of carved timber and the peaked roof is tiled. Original gas fittings and music stands are extant. A delightful set of photographs of Cook Park was published in the Orange District Guide for 1908 and gives a good basis for modern comparison. In the 1920s the fountain was remodeled and it took on its present form. A small lake was built in the park in 1890. In 1938
1377-628: A service to or from private wharfs and houses on the waterfront. Sightseeing harbour cruises are operated daily from Circular Quay. Whale watching excursions are also operated from Port Jackson. The Mortlake Ferry , also known as the Putney Punt, crosses the Parramatta River, connecting Mortlake and Putney. Australian National Maritime Museum , at Darling Harbour , has themed exhibitions ranging from Indigenous lore and European seafaring to aquatic sport and maritime defence. Sydney Heritage Fleet
1458-486: A sham fight and military display at the Gosling Creek Water Reserve. During the depression of the 1930s numerous unemployment relief projects were carried out in Orange. These included the building of a new conservatory and fernery in Cook Park. The Blowes Conservatory was finished in 1934 was donated by Mayor A. Blowes to grow tuberous begonias in. Blowes became interested in these plants when C. W. Curran,
1539-462: A small island located north-east of the Royal Botanic Garden in Sydney Harbour. There are fortifications at Sydney Heads and elsewhere, some of which are now heritage listed. The earliest date from the 1830s, and were designed to defend Sydney from seaborn attack or convict uprisings. There are four historical fortifications located between Taronga Zoo and Middle Head, Mosman , they are:
1620-422: A specimen of blue/Himalayan pine ( P.wallichiana ). Tree plantings that are among the oldest remaining today include: English elms ( Ulmus procera ); London planes ( Platanus x hybrida ); New Zealand cabbage tree ( Cordyline australis ); Lawson cypress ( Chamaecyparis lawsoniana ); English oak ( Quercus robur ); linden/lime ( Tilia cordata ); redwood or big tree ( Sequoiadendron giganteum ) - one of
1701-472: A submarine attack, the Sydney Harbour anti-submarine boom net was constructed. It spanned the harbour from Green (Laings) Point, Watsons Bay to the battery at Georges Head , on the other side of the harbour. On the night of 31 May 1942, three Japanese midget submarines entered the harbour, one of which became entangled in the western end of the boom net's central section. Unable to free their submarine,
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#17330848445411782-558: A swamp and water hole was used as a camping ground for travellers heading west, originally known as "Cattle Dray Park" and was set aside from 1854 as a reserve. The park was named in 1873 after the centenary of Captain James Cook's arrival in Australia. The park has state significance expressed in intact depression era projects including the fernery, Blowes conservatory and the Frank Mulholland Memorial Garden. The place
1863-428: A virtue of the water supply, a small lake was created in the park in 1890, with an island in the middle. The ornamental lake on the park's south-western edge was excavated about 1880. Today it is a duck pond and provides a site for picnics. Many ducks live on its islands and goldfish and tortoises live in the pond. Picnic tables and swings are located nearby. The remarkable assortment of trees, shrubs and flowers, with
1944-690: Is Sydney's last remaining deepwater port able to supply the City's ongoing demand for dry bulk goods such as sugar, gypsum and cement. Most of Sydney's port infrastructure has moved south to Botany Bay since the construction of the first container terminals there in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Former: Current: Sydney Ferries operate services from Circular Quay to Cockatoo Island , Double Bay , Manly , Mosman , Neutral Bay , Parramatta , Pyrmont Bay , Taronga Zoo and Watsons Bay . Water taxi and water limousine operators offer transport not restricted by timetables or specific routes, and can also provide
2025-562: Is a drowned river valley, or ria . It is 19 km long with an area of 55 km . The estuary's volume at high tide is 562 million cubic metres. The perimeter of the estuary is 317 kilometres. According to the Geographical Names Board of New South Wales , Port Jackson is "a harbour which comprises all the waters within an imaginary line joining North Head and South Head. Within this harbour lies North Harbour, Middle Harbour and Sydney Harbour." Port Jackson extends westward from
2106-551: Is a largely volunteer organisation dedicated to the restoration and operation of heritage vessels. The barque James Craig of the SHF sails regularly from Port Jackson. RAN Heritage Centre at Garden Island has many exhibits, artefacts and documents relating to the history of the Royal Australian Navy. Port Jackson is associated with the voyages of Richard Siddins . The Sydney Institute of Marine Science (SIMS) has done
2187-885: Is an inlet of the Tasman Sea (part of the South Pacific Ocean ). It is the location of the Sydney Opera House and Sydney Harbour Bridge . The location of the first European settlement and colony on the Australian mainland, Port Jackson has continued to play a key role in the history and development of Sydney. Port Jackson, in the early days of the colony, was also used as a shorthand for Sydney and its environs. Thus, many botanists, see, e.g., Robert Brown 's Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen , described their specimens as having been collected at Port Jackson. Many recreational events are based on or around
2268-873: Is bridged from north to south by the Sydney Harbour Bridge , the Gladesville Bridge , the Ryde Bridge , and the Silverwater Bridge . Other bridges spanning Port Jackson waterways are Pyrmont Bridge spanning Darling Harbour; the Anzac Bridge (formerly known as the Glebe Island Bridge), spanning Blackwattle Bay; the Iron Cove Bridge spanning Iron Cove ; the Spit Bridge spanning Middle Harbour;
2349-462: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Cook Park, Orange Cook Park is a heritage-listed 4-hectare (10-acre) urban park at 24–26 Summer Street, Orange , a city in the Central West region of New South Wales , Australia. It was designed and built by Alfred Patterson from 1873 to 1950. It is also known as Orange Botanic Garden. It
2430-604: Is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales. Cook Park is of state heritage significance as a highly intact Victorian style park with elements to its style and layout with a demonstrable Victorian aesthetic. The characteristics particular to Cook Park as a state significant Victorian park are the centrally located rotunda and fountain, Victorian caretakers cottage and propagating house, conservatory, fernery, duck ponds and sunken rose gardens. The Cook Park elements are highly intact and are exemplary of
2511-732: Is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural or natural places/environments in New South Wales. Cook Park is part of a class of parks within rural NSW set as a passive recreation area within a rural city. Parks such as Robertson Park in Orange, Machattie Park in Bathurst, Queen Elizabeth Park in Lithgow , Belmore Park in Goulburn , Victoria Park in Dubbo and Robertson Park in Mudgee along with Cook Park are examples which represent
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2592-802: Is in the park's south-west, lining an axial path. The park has radiating and crossing travel paths set in fine lawns. The park has two sets of notable cast iron gates (1890 and 1927) mark the imposing entrances from the main street corners. From the 1870s onwards a fine collection of exotic trees were planted including elms ( Ulmus procera ) and weeping Scotch elm ( U.glabra 'Pendula' ), oaks ( Quercus spp. ), lindens ( Tilia sp. ), poplars ( Populus sp. ), redwoods or big trees ( Sequoiadendron giganteum ), cypresses ( Cupressus sp. ), firs ( Abies sp. ), ash ( Fraxinus sp. ), 4 Himalayan cedars ( Cedrus deodara ) and walnuts ( Juglans sp. ) are growing with two Bunya pines ( Araucaria bidwillii ) and one Tasmanian blue gum ( Eucalyptus globulus ). It also has
2673-623: Is located within a lighthouse just south of Georges Head at Georges Heights in Mosman and is adjacent to the suburbs of Vaucluse , Point Piper and Watsons Bay , which are on Port Jackson's east side towards the Pacific Ocean. Sydney Cove , a bay in Port Jackson's west side that includes Circular Quay , is more proximate to the Observatory Hill weather station, and therefore the climate data below does not apply to that vicinity. Port Jackson
2754-477: Is now located inside the fernery. It was originally located on an island in the centre of a small lake which was remodelled into the Frank Mulholland Memorial Garden. The other Dalton piece is the weathervane which had rotated above the Duntryleague stables in the 19th century. The fernery was later restored as a bicentennial project in 1988. It contains many tree ferns and other shade loving plants. Also in 1938
2835-433: Is set out on a radial plan, with a system of paths radiating in the form of a Union Jack flag with crossing gravel paths set in fine lawns. These paths focus on many items of interest, including a bandstand (1908), fountains (from 1891), a parkman's lodge ( c. 1890 ), conservatory (1934), fernery (1938), ponds (from 1890), aviaries ( c. 1930 ), artillery pieces (1870 and 1917), and two fine sets of gates from
2916-506: The Endeavour sailed past the entrance at Sydney Heads , Cook wrote in his journal "at noon we were...about 2 or 3 miles from the land and abrest of a bay or harbour within there appeared to be a safe anchorage which I called Port Jackson." Eighteen years later, Port Jackson saw the arrival of the First Fleet . On 21 January 1788, after arriving at Botany Bay , Governor Arthur Phillip took
2997-525: The Barangaroo development. White Bay and adjacent Glebe Island have been working ports since the mid-1800s, handling just about everything from timber and paper, coal, sugar and cement to cars and containers. The NSW Government identified both as vital to the City's economy and in March 2013 announced its commitment to maintaining both as working ports as it frees up neighbouring bays for public access. Glebe Island
3078-732: The Middle Head Fortifications , the Georges Head Battery , the Lower Georges Heights Commanding Position and a small fort located on Bradleys Head , known as the Bradleys Head Fortification Complex . The forts were built from sandstone quarried on site and consist of various tunnels, underground rooms, open batteries and casemated batteries, shell rooms, gunpowder magazines , barracks and trenches. Geologically, Port Jackson
3159-582: The New South Wales State Heritage Register published by the State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) 2020 under CC-BY 4.0 licence , accessed on 18 February 2020. Sydney Harbour Port Jackson , commonly known as Sydney Harbour , consists of the waters of Sydney Harbour, Middle Harbour , North Harbour and the Lane Cove and Parramatta Rivers, is the ria or natural harbour of Sydney , New South Wales , Australia . The harbour
3240-499: The Nyngan - Byrock railway, interspersed with botanical collecting in Queensland . Following a severe illness he worked as a gardener for merchant James Dalton, at Duntryleague, Orange, an 1870s mansion set in magnificent grounds. Through Dalton's influence he became the head gardener at Cook Park, Orange, and he was subsequently head gardener at Machattie Park, Bathurst , for 20 years of
3321-740: The Parramatta River to Rose Hill belonged to the Wangal. The Eora inhabited Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour), south to the Georges River and west to Parramatta. The first recorded European discovery of Sydney Harbour was by Lieutenant James Cook in 1770. Cook named the inlet after Sir George Jackson , one of the Lords Commissioners of the British Admiralty, and Judge Advocate of the Fleet . As
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3402-631: The Roseville Bridge spanning Middle Harbour; the Tarban Creek Bridge spanning Tarban Creek. The original Meadowbank Railway Bridge carried the Main Northern railway line , now reduced to pedestrian traffic only. The replacement John Whitton Bridge carries two railway tracks with piers suitable for four tracks. There is a single track rail bridge on the Carlingford railway line crossing
3483-739: The Sydney Harbour Tunnel passing underneath the Harbour to the east of the bridge was opened in August 1992. In 2005, 2010 and in 2014, the NSW Government proposed a rail tunnel be constructed to the west of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Construction of an extra pair of road tunnels to the west of the Sydney Harbour Bridge, as part of the Sydney Metro project, was approved in January 2017 while
3564-483: The "Living Seawalls" project, which entails covering parts of the harbour seawalls with specially-designed tiles that mimic natural microhabitats - with crevices and other features that more closely resemble natural rocks. Project Restore is partly funded by the NSW Government. Port Jackson has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: A Sydharb is a unit of volume used in Australia for water, especially in dams and harbours. One sydharb (or sydarb), also called
3645-426: The 1870s there was a second attempt to develop the site and a second public petition. The cannon in Cook Park was obtained from a collection distributed throughout NSW after cannons became obsolete for the defence of Sydney Harbour . It was obtained from what is now Sydney City Council in 1870. It bears the initials G3R, indicating that it was made in the reign of George III (1751–1820). It has been identified as
3726-469: The 1880s (the cedars). Tree plantings were made in the 1870s and 1880s. A feature was unmatched pairs of trees on path crossing points. Today the park has over 200 trees, 20 beds of annual flowers and four staff. Cook Park is set out on a radial plan, planted on a plan of paths radiating (in the form of a Union Jack flag) from a central hub where stand the (1908) bandstand and a cast iron (1891) fountain . An avenue of elms ( Ulmus campestris syn. U.procera )
3807-615: The 18th century. All manner of new styles were being adopted at this time along with the enormous influx of new and exotic plants being introduced from all over the globe. The basic philosophy behind the Parks and Gardens Movement in Europe was that space was essential for human wellbeing and a healthier society. The design of ornamental parks relied, in particular, on the planting of trees and shrubs to control views and to highlight contrasts in form, colour, texture, light and shade. The cumulative effect
3888-1224: The 20th century) include: English elms ( Ulmus procera ) forming a c. 60 —year old avenue along one of the diagonal paths near Kite and Clinton Streets in the park's south-east corner; Rhododendron spp./cv.s ; tree tulip ( Magnolia x soulangeana ); pin oak ( Quercus palustris ); horse chestnut ( Aesculus sp. ); maidenhair tree ( Ginkgo biloba ); Japanese laurel ( Euonymus japonicus ); blue spruce ( Picea pungens cv. ); dwarf cypress ( Chamaecyparis sp./cv. ); Douglas fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii ); copper beech ( Fagus sylvatica 'Purpurea' ); lemon verbena ( Backhousia citriodora ); lemonwood/tarata ( Pittosporum eugenioides ); beauty bush ( Kolkwitzia amabilis ); funeral cypress ( Cupressus funebris ); Camellia japonica cv.s ; Lavalle's hawthorn ( Crataegus x lavallei ); golden elm ( Ulmus hollandica 'Louis van Houttei' ); Abelia bifida ; crepe myrtle ( Lagerstroemia indica ), Indian hawthorn ( Raphiolepis indica ); port wine magnolia ( Michelia figo ); golden elm ( Ulmus glabra 'Lutescens' ); holly/holm/evergreen oak ( Quercus ilex ); two weeping Wych elms ( Ulmus glabra 'Pendula' ); and Chinese elm ( Ulmus sinensis ). The sunken garden
3969-722: The Frank Mullholland Memorial Garden, a sunken garden with sundial, was dedicated. Mullholland was Town Clerk from 1895–1935. The sunken garden and sundial were donated on 14 February 1938 by the Hon E. S. Spooner. 1940s – The German "Whiz Bang" Gun stood in Robertson Park for many years. It had been captured on the Somme in France by the 33rd Battalion of the 9th Brigade 3rd Australian Division. Many soldiers of this Brigade came from
4050-557: The Harbour tunnelling was completed in March 2020. The Western Harbour Tunnel is planned to offer another motor vehicle tunnel in 2026. Permanent cruise ship terminals are located at the Overseas Passenger Terminal at Circular Quay, Sydney Cove and at the White Bay Cruise Terminal at White Bay . White Bay's evolution to a cruise terminal came with the closure of Darling Harbour terminal to make way for
4131-473: The Lodge is in poor condition. The park has over 200 trees, many in over-mature condition. Storms have led to damage and loss of over-mature trees, for instance lightning strikes on a mature English oak ( Quercus robur ). The following modifications have been made to Cook Park: LEP - park, fernery, blowes conservatory = state significant. As at 16 June 2017, Cook Park is of state heritage significance as
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#17330848445414212-523: The Orange district. It was allocated to the Memorial Hall Trustees. It was removed from Robertson Park to Cook Park in the 1940s. Cook Park has many mature plantings and stands on Orange's main street. It is one of a number of public parks in the city and has won many awards for its displays. The park was classified by the National Trust of Australia (NSW) in 1976, with special reference to
4293-417: The Parramatta River near Camellia . Bennelong Bridge over Homebush Bay connects Wentworth Point and Rhodes A weir between Queens Avenue and Charles Street, Parramatta, called Charles Street Weir, separates the saltwater and tidal waters to the east from the freshwater and non-tidal waters to the west. The weir is marked right near the western (left) edge of the detailed map above. A road tunnel,
4374-537: The Ships can Anchor so close to the Shore, that at a very small expence... Port Jackson was described as a "capacious harbour, equal, if not superior to any yet known in the world", that "sheltered anchorage for the ships" and provided "a suitable landing place on rocks on the western side of the cove, relatively level land at the head of the cove , and a run of fresh water", in addition to it being "capable of affording security to
4455-553: The bandstand, fountain, conservatory, main entrance gates and the mature trees. Alfred Andrew Patterson ( c. 1859 –1932), surveyor and gardener, was born in Drottningholm, Sweden and graduated from Uppsala University. Aged only 18 he was appointed lecturer at Hamburg University, Germany and afterwards left for England. He migrated to Australia, working variously as surveyor on the Mount Bischoff railway ( Tasmania ) and
4536-452: The characteristic elements of the caretaker's cottage, fernery, propagating house, duck ponds, conservatory and highly decorative rotunda and fountain. Cook Park is highly intact in the NSW rural Victorian park typology with contributing Victorian elements, including a high integrity of remaining trees, monuments and built fabric and path layouts. [REDACTED] This Misplaced Pages article was originally based on Cook Park , entry number 1998 in
4617-427: The crew detonated charges, killing themselves in the process. A second midget submarine came to grief in Taylor's Bay, the two crew committing suicide. The third submarine fired two torpedoes at USS Chicago (both missed) before leaving the harbour. In November 2006, this submarine was found off Sydney's Northern Beaches. The anti-submarine boom net was demolished soon after World War II , and all that remains are
4698-422: The cultural or natural history of New South Wales. Cook Park contains a collection of rare mature exotic tree plantings from its 1890-1920 Victorian period and from the 1920-1940 development period. These trees possess a high degree of rarity in Australia as exotics and are particularly suited to the cool winter climate of Orange. As such the trees are not seen in many of the rural parks within NSW. The place
4779-548: The ferneries were built and this structure contains the fountain from the original bush house, this fountain being cast iron and having swan modelling. The park has two sets of notable cast iron gates. Of these the most impressive are those on the Clinton Street-Summer Street corner which were erected in the 1890s. The other set, on the Summer Street-Sampson Street corner, were made in Parkes and were moved from Orange's Robertson Park to Cook Park in 1927. They were made by Dick Venebles of Parkes and paid for by funds raised by holding
4860-423: The first colony in Australia, later to become the city of Sydney. In his first dispatch from the colony back to England, Governor Phillip noted that: We got into Port Jackson early in the Afternoon, and had the satisfaction of finding the finest Harbour in the World, in which a thousand Sail of the line may ride in the most perfect security...I fixed on the one [cove] that had the best spring of Water, and in which
4941-406: The first recorded European contact with the eastern coastline of Australia and the Hawaiian Islands, and the first recorded circumnavigation of New Zealand . Before the park the area was originally the old travelling stock reserve used in the 1870s as a camping ground for teams. Cook Park, like Robertson Park, Orange, owes its existence to government action long before its proclamation. The park
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#17330848445415022-463: The floral displays for the Federation celebrations in Centennial Park , Sydney and the arrival of the Duke and Duchess of York (the future King & Queen). Patterson published a regular gardening column in the Bathurst Daily Times and his reputation as a gardener flourished throughout the NSW Central West . Cook Park is an area of 4 hectares (10 acres) bounded by Summer, Sampson, Kite and Clinton Streets, with plantings dating from at least
5103-424: The foundations of the old boom net winch house, which can be viewed on Green (Laings) Point, Watsons Bay. Today, the Australian War Memorial has on display a composite of the two midget submarines salvaged from Sydney Harbour. The conning tower of one of the midget submarines is on display at the RAN Heritage Centre , Garden Island , Sydney. Fort Denison is a former penal site and defensive facility occupying
5184-427: The harbour itself, particularly Sydney New Year's Eve celebrations. The harbour is also the starting point of the Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race . The waterways of Port Jackson are managed by Transport for NSW . Sydney Harbour National Park protects a number of islands and foreshore areas, swimming spots, bushwalking tracks and picnic areas. The harbour is a global hotspot for marine and estuarine diversity. At
5265-451: The harbour, including Shark Island , Clark Island , Fort Denison , Goat Island , Cockatoo Island , Spectacle Island , Snapper Island and Rodd Island . Some other former islands, including Garden Island , Glebe Island and Berry Island , have been linked to the shore by land reclamation, though their names often still contain the word "island". Two other former islands, Bennelong Island and Darling Island, are similarly now linked to
5346-444: The interwar eras of development in the park. The remaining 1870 tree plantings from the initial group sent from the Sydney Botanic Gardens include rare and endangered species such as the Sequoias which are exceptionally rare. Elements of the park such as the Blowes Conservatory and fernery, which were constructed by local residents as a depression relief project, display a high degree of creative and technical achievement and contribute to
5427-410: The mainland, but rarely mentioned as islands. The former Dawes Island was joined to another small island to create Spectacle Island. Exposed at low tide is Sow and Pigs Reef , a well-known navigation obstacle near the main shipping lane. Port Jackson has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen : Cfa ) with warm, somewhat humid summers and mild to cool winters, with moderate rainfall spread throughout
5508-1039: The oldest trees in the park; holly ( Ilex aquifolium ); stone pine ( Pinus pinea ) and bull bay/ evergreen magnolia ( M.grandiflora ) both near Spencer Road; Algerian oak ( Quercus macrocarpa ); two large Himalayan cedars ( Cedrus deodara ); Bunya pine ( Araucaria bidwillii ); Arizona cypress ( Cupressus glabra /C.lusitanica ); English ash ( Fraxinus excelsior ); blue Atlas cedar ( Cedrus atlantica 'Glauca' ); Bhutan cypress ( Cupressus torulosa ); cherry laurel ( Prunus laurocerasus ); swamp cypress ( Taxodium distichum ); Western yellow pine ( Pinus ponderosa ); golden willow ( Salix matsudana 'Aurea' ); NZ flax ( Phormium tenax ); strawberry tree ( Arbutus unedo ); Photinia glabra (trunk over 1 metre (3 ft) diameter); bay laurel hedge ( Laurus nobilis ); sweet gum ( Liquidambar styraciflua ); Indiana bean tree ( Catalpa bignonioides ); coastal redwood ( Sequoia sempervirens ); camphor laurel ( Cinnamomum camphora ). Other mature plantings (probably dating from across
5589-567: The single entrance known as Sydney Heads (North and South Heads) and encompasses all tidal waters within North Harbour, Middle Harbour , Sydney Harbour, Darling Harbour , Parramatta River and Lane Cove River . The harbour is heavily embayed. The bays on the south side tend to be wide and rounded, whereas those on the north side are generally narrow inlets. Many of these bays include beaches . The Sydney central business district extends from Circular Quay . East to west, north side: East to west, south side There are several islands within
5670-622: The state significance of Cook Park. The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales. Cook Park has state significance as an early reserve site and as such can yield ongoing and further information regarding the former layout of the early 1890s gardens and pathways. It also has significance as an aboriginal meeting place in association with swamps and camping ground for travellers, Cook Park holds Aboriginal archaeological potential within its grounds. The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of
5751-419: The time of the European arrival and colonisation, the land around Port Jackson was inhabited by the Eora clans, including the Gadigal , Cammeraygal , and Wangal . The Gadigal inhabited the land stretching along the south side of Port Jackson from what is now South Head, in an arc west to the present Darling Harbour . The Cammeraygal lived on the northern side of the harbour. The area along the southern banks of
5832-458: The turn of the 20th century. The park has state significance expressed in intact depression era projects including the fernery, Blowes conservatory and the Frank Mulholland Memorial Garden. Cook Park is an excellent example of a nineteenth century Victorian park. It maintains various elements from its establishment through to the present day including general formal layout, mature tree and shrub plantings, flower beds and built elements. It provides
5913-635: The year. Due to its exposed proximity to the Tasman Sea, it is slightly cooler, wetter and windier than Observatory Hill to the west. In addition to featuring the lowest maximum summer temperatures in the Sydney region (averaging just 24.4 °C (75.9 °F)), Port Jackson is also least affected by extreme heat due to frequent sea breezes . Conversely, winter nights are among the warmest in Sydney, and rarely dip below 8.0 °C (46.4 °F), although fog often occurs and may be disruptive. Port Jackson's weather station
5994-540: Was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 24 August 2018. The park's main entrance is from the corner of Summer Street and Clinton Street. The park is named in honour of Captain James Cook , a British explorer, navigator , cartographer, and captain in the British Royal Navy . He made detailed maps of Newfoundland prior to making three voyages to the Pacific Ocean , during which he achieved
6075-599: Was applied to the area in honour of Captain James Cook and in the late 1880s or in 1890 plantings began, the first plantings worth A£ 20 being made by Council staff. Some may have even been planted as early as the 1870s. The earliest plantings included elms ( Ulmus sp. ), oaks ( Quercus sp. ), lindens ( Tilia sp. ), poplars ( Populus sp. ), redwoods ( Sequoia sp. and Sequoiadendron giganteum ), cypress ( Cupressus sp. ) and ash ( Fraxinus sp. ) trees. c. 1882 – four deodar cedars ( Cedrus deodara ) were planted. These are now approximately 140 years old. Also
6156-450: Was created by popular petition of the local Member of Parliament . In 1853 the area was set out for housing "Reserved for Mr Templer". In 1854 the whole block which became Cook Park was withdrawn from public auction and retained as open space at the south west corner of the township. Though the 1860 plan still showed the details of the abortive subdivision in 20 lots, the 1864 plan marked the block as "proposed reserve" and so it remained. In
6237-533: Was erected in 1908 (and remodelled in the 1920s). The octagonal bandstand with its attractive carved wooden fittings, from which "the Orange Band discourses sweet music" opened on 12 March 1908, bringing the park very much to its present condition, the town band having decided in 1907 to build bandstands in Cook and Robertson Parks. The bandstand is octagonal and built on a brick foundation. It has carved timber columns and
6318-552: Was formerly a duck pond. It is named the F. J. Mulholland Memorial Garden, commemorating a long serving Town Clerk. The aviary was built as a depression era project for regional development. Brolgas and emus were kept in the southern part of the park in the 1920s within a wire (fence). A superb collection of begonias is housed in the Blowes Conservatory (1934). A small lake (1890), ferneries (1938) and sunken gardens complete this well-maintained garden. As at 5 January 2009,
6399-427: Was named Bastick Cottage to honour former parks and gardens supervisors (father and son) who gave a total of 90 years service to Orange. They lived in this cottage/lodge, which was used up until the 1970s. It is now used as a craft shop. There is evidence (records) of transfers of trees from Bloomfield Mental Hospital to Cook Park and Duntryleague - the hospital grounds being used as a kind of holding area. To make
6480-433: Was not only because that style was "the flavour of the day" but it was the background that both Patterson and Lynch knew. In describing Machattie Park, Gutteridge, Haskins & Davey state: 'The design of Machattie Park is typical in many respects of the great Victorian era of Parks and Gardens where there was a return to the more formal French and Italian styles of design, as opposed to the more naturalistic English style of
6561-455: Was to impose a sense of beauty and grandeur on the visitor. In Australia where heavy industrialisation was not yet such a concern, ornamental parks, while relying on similar design principles, were provided more to beautify urban centres and as symbols of civic pride. This certainly is the case with Machattie Park. In 1900 and 1901 Patterson was seconded by the NSW Government to organise
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