In telecommunications , the carrier-to-noise ratio , often written CNR or C/N , is the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a modulated signal. The term is used to distinguish the CNR of the radio frequency passband signal from the SNR of an analog base band message signal after demodulation . For example, with FM radio, the strength of the 100 MHz carrier with modulations would be considered for CNR, whereas the audio frequency analogue message signal would be for SNR; in each case, compared to the apparent noise. If this distinction is not necessary, the term SNR is often used instead of CNR, with the same definition.
14-466: (Redirected from Cn ) For use on Misplaced Pages, see Misplaced Pages:Citation needed and Template:Citation needed . [REDACTED] Look up CN , Cn , Cn. , or cN in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. CN , Cn , cn and other variants may refer to: Companies [ edit ] Canadian National Railway , reporting mark CN China Netcom ,
28-422: A cyclic group C n , a classical root system cn (elliptic function) , one of Jacobi's elliptic functions Other uses in mathematics, science, and technology [ edit ] Carrier-to-noise ratio C/N , the signal-to-noise ratio of a modulated signal Curve number , a parameter used in hydrology for predicting direct runoff or infiltration from rainfall cN, abbreviation for centinewton ,
42-407: A category of prototype racing cars See also [ edit ] CNN , an American basic cable and satellite television channel All pages with titles beginning with CN Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title CN . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to
56-542: A colorless, toxic gas with a pungent odor, (CN) 2 Computing [ edit ] .cn , country code top-level domain for mainland China Cloud native computing , an approach in software development Common Name, an attribute of the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol protocol family Common Name, an attribute of X.509 public-key certificates VIA CN , a 64-bit CPU for personal computers Mathematics [ edit ] C n ,
70-487: A digital message signal, or high SNR of an analog message signal. The carrier-to-noise ratio is defined as the ratio of the received modulated carrier signal power C to the received noise power N after the receiver filters: When both carrier and noise are measured across the same impedance , this ratio can equivalently be given as: where V C {\displaystyle V_{C}} and V N {\displaystyle V_{N}} are
84-612: A force equal to one hundredth of a newton Classical nova , a type of cataclysmic variable star Other uses [ edit ] Cn (digraph) , a digraph used in English for a few words of Greek origin Cnaeus (disambiguation) or Gnaeus (disambiguation) , popular Roman praenomens Combined Nomenclature , EU customs coding Vehicle registration code for County Cavan , Ireland Vehicle registration code for Province of Cuneo , Italy Aircraft registration code for Morocco Group CN ,
98-1132: A former telecommunication service provider in China, NYSE symbol Collegiate Network , supporting college publications Grand China Air IATA code CN Islands Nationair , an airline based in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea, IATA code CN Westward Airways (Nebraska) , a former airline, IATA code CN (dissolved 2005) Media and entertainment [ edit ] Cartoon Network , an American cable channel List of international Cartoon Network channels Places [ edit ] China (People's Republic of China), ISO 3166 country code CN CN Centre , an arena in Prince George, British Columbia CN Tower , communications and observation tower in Toronto, Ontario Station code for Cirebon railway station Circuito Norte , national highway of Cuba Mathematics, science, and technology [ edit ] Biology [ edit ] Computational neuroethology ,
112-411: Is why CNR estimation techniques are timely and important. In satellite communications , carrier-to-noise-density ratio ( C/N 0 ) is the ratio of the carrier power C to the noise power density N 0 , expressed in dB-Hz . When considering only the receiver as a source of noise, it is called carrier-to-receiver-noise-density ratio . It determines whether a receiver can lock on to
126-500: The C/N ratio is equivalent to the S/N ratio. The C/N ratio resembles the carrier-to-interference ratio ( C/I , CIR ), and the carrier-to-noise-and-interference ratio , C/(N+I) or CNIR . C/N estimators are needed to optimize the receiver performance. Typically, it is easier to measure the total power than the ratio of signal power to noise power (or noise power spectral density), and that
140-411: The root mean square (RMS) voltage levels of the carrier signal and noise respectively. C / N ratios are often specified in decibels (dB): or in term of voltage: The C/N ratio is measured in a manner similar to the way the signal-to-noise ratio ( S/N ) is measured, and both specifications give an indication of the quality of a communications channel. In the famous Shannon–Hartley theorem ,
154-644: The carrier and if the information encoded in the signal can be retrieved, given the amount of noise present in the received signal. The carrier-to-receiver noise density ratio is usually expressed in dB-Hz . The noise power density, N 0 = kT , is the receiver noise power per hertz , which can be written in terms of the Boltzmann constant k (in joules per kelvin ) and the noise temperature T (in kelvins). [REDACTED] This article incorporates public domain material from Federal Standard 1037C . General Services Administration . Archived from
SECTION 10
#1733085650196168-527: The information (bits or symbols) is carried by given combinations of phase and/or amplitude of the I and Q components. It is for this reason that, in the context of digital modulations, digitally modulated signals are usually referred to as carriers. Therefore, the term carrier-to-noise-ratio (CNR), instead of signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR), is preferred to express the signal quality when the signal has been digitally modulated. High C/N ratios provide good quality of reception, for example low bit error rate (BER) of
182-655: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CN&oldid=1257949589 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages CN">CN The requested page title contains unsupported characters : ">". Return to Main Page . Carrier-to-noise ratio Digitally modulated signals (e.g. QAM or PSK ) are basically made of two CW carriers (the I and Q components, which are out-of-phase carriers). In fact,
196-415: The study of animal behavior and its control by the nervous system Cranial nerves , CN 0 to CN XII Chemistry [ edit ] CN gas , a substituted acetophenone used as a riot control agent Copernicium , symbol Cn, a chemical element Cyanide , any chemical compound that contains a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom, -CN Cyano radical , molecular formula ·CN Cyanogen ,
#195804