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58-2046: There are 80 civil parishes in County Antrim . There are 29 civil parishes in County Armagh . There are 47 civil parishes in County Carlow . There are 36 civil parishes in County Cavan . There are 81 civil parishes in County Clare . There are 250 civil parishes in County Cork . Baronies are in parentheses where the name occurs more than once in the county. There are 111 civil parishes in East Cork. There are 71 civil parishes in North-West Cork. There are 68 civil parishes in West Cork. There are 52 civil parishes in County Donegal : There are 71 civil parishes in County Down : There are 83 civil parishes in County Dublin : There are 24 civil parishes in County Fermanagh There are 120 civil parishes in County Galway : There are 87 civil parishes in County Kerry : There currently appear to be 113 civil parishes in County Kildare . This includes two civil parishes named Cloncurry, two named Nurney, and two named Tully. Before 1881, there were also civil parishes of Ballybought, Coughlanstown and Jago. Other sources treat Cloncurry, Nurney and Tully all as one civil parish each. Additionally, some include

116-494: A rocky outcrop. The principal cairns are: one on Colin mountain, near Lisburn; one on Slieve True , near Carrickfergus; and two on Colinward. The cromlechs most worthy of notice are: one near Cairngrainey , to the north-east of the old road from Belfast to Templepatrick ; the large cromlech at Mount Druid, near Ballintoy ; and one at the northern extremity of Islandmagee. The mounts, forts and entrenchments are very numerous. The natural rock formations of Giant's Causeway on

174-487: Is a major centre of industry and commerce and has become established as the focus of logistics activity for Northern Ireland. Around two-thirds of Northern Ireland's seaborne trade, and a quarter of that for Ireland as a whole is handled at the port, which receives over 6,000 vessels each year. As of the 2021 census , County Antrim had a population of 651,321, making it the most populous county in Northern Ireland, and

232-502: Is also home to the No.1-ranked golf course, Royal County Down Golf Club , in not just Ireland, but the entire Great Britain , according to Today's Golfer . Former No.1 golfer in the world, Rory McIlroy , originates from Holywood , which is situated in the north of the county. " Star of the County Down " is a popular Irish ballad. The county is named in the lyrics of the song " Around

290-546: Is also one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland . The Glens of Antrim offer isolated rugged landscapes, the Giant's Causeway is a unique landscape and a UNESCO World Heritage Site , Bushmills produces whiskey, and Portrush is a popular seaside resort and night-life area. The majority of Belfast , the capital city of Northern Ireland, is in County Antrim, with the remainder being in County Down . According to

348-551: Is largely attributable to the rapid increase of the Catholic population, particularly in the city of Belfast, where they now comprise a plurality of the population, and its surrounding metropolitan area , as well as immigration from other parts of the world following the end of The Troubles and increasing rates of irreligion. In the 2021 UK census in County Antrim: Statistics for 2009–2010 show 1,832 students attending

406-732: Is now western Scotland over the Irish Sea. Dál Riada was ruled by the O'Lynch clan, who were vassals of the Ulidians. Besides the Ulidians and Dál Riada, there were the Dál nAraide of lower County Antrim, and the Cruthin , who were pre-Gaelic Celts and probably related to the Picts of Britain. Between the 8th and 11th centuries Antrim was exposed to the inroads of the Vikings . In the late 12th century Antrim became part of

464-460: Is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland , one of the nine counties of Ulster and one of the traditional thirty-two counties of Ireland . It covers an area of 961 sq mi (2,490 km ) and has a population of 552,261. It borders County Antrim to the north, the Irish Sea to the east, County Armagh to the west, and County Louth across Carlingford Lough to the southwest. In

522-739: Is part of the following districts: The county contains within it the whole of five parliamentary constituencies : Parts of the following five parliamentary constituencies are also in County Antrim: Places with official city status: (population of 18,000 or more and under 75,000 at 2001 Census) (population of 10,000 or more and under 18,000 at 2001 Census) (Population of 4,500 or more and under 10,000 at 2001 Census) (population of 2,250 or more and under 4,500 at 2001 Census) (Population of 1,000 or more and under 2,250 at 2001 Census) (population of less than 1,000 at 2001 Census) Baronies Parishes Townlands At what date

580-524: Is the L-shaped Rathlin Island , off Ballycastle, 11 km (6.8 mi) in total length by 2 km (1.2 mi) maximum breadth, 7 km (4.3 mi) from the coast, and of similar basaltic and limestone formation to that of the mainland. It is partially arable, and supports a small population. Islandmagee is a peninsula separating Larne Lough from the North Channel . The valleys of

638-638: Is the fifth-largest regional air cargo centre in the UK. There are regular services to Great Britain, Europe and North America. The region is also served by George Best Belfast City Airport , a mile east of Belfast city centre on the County Down side of the city, which was renamed in 2006 in honour of footballer George Best . The main Translink Northern Ireland Railways routes are the major line between Belfast, Antrim, Ballymena , Coleraine and Derry , Belfast to Carrickfergus and Larne ,

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696-450: The 2001 , 2011 , and 2021 censuses it is currently one of only two counties of the Island of Ireland in which a plurality or majority of the population are from a Protestant background. The other is County Down to the south. A large portion of Antrim is hilly, especially in the east, where the highest elevations are attained. The range runs north and south, and, following this direction,

754-464: The 2021 census , County Down had a population of 552,261, making it the second most populous county in Northern Ireland. According to the 2021 UK census in County Down: The county was administered by Down County Council from 1899 until the abolition of county councils in Northern Ireland in 1973. County Down is now served by the following local government districts : Former railways within

812-510: The Bann and Lagan , with the intervening shores of Lough Neagh , form the fertile lowlands. These two rivers, both rising in County Down, are the only ones of importance. The latter flows to Belfast Lough, the former drains Lough Neagh, which is fed by a number of smaller streams. The fisheries of the Bann and of Lough Neagh (especially for salmon and eels ) are of value both commercially and to sportsmen,

870-607: The Earldom of Ulster , conquered by Anglo-Norman invaders. A revival of Gaelic power followed the campaign of Edward Bruce in 1315, leaving Carrickfergus as the only significant English stronghold. In the late Middle Ages, Antrim was divided into three parts: northern Clandeboye, the Glynnes and the Route. The Cambro-Norman MacQuillans were powerful in the Route. A branch of the O'Neills of Tirconnell (modern Tyrone) migrated to Clandeboye in

928-628: The Mourne Mountains , Silent Valley Reservoir, Ben Crom Reservoir, Spelga Dam and Lough Shannagh. The River Lagan forms most of the border with County Antrim. The River Bann also flows through the southwestern areas of the county. Other rivers include the Clanrye and Quoile . There are several islands off the Down coast: Mew Island, Light House Island and the Copeland Islands , all of which lie to

986-810: The Mourne Mountains . There is a Narnia trail in Kilbroney Park, in Rostrevor . Sam Hanna Bell based his novel of Ulster rural life, December Bride (1951) in the Ards peninsula. A film version of the novel, also called December Bride , was produced in 1990 and released in November 1991. Several areas of County Down served as filming locations for the HBO series Game of Thrones including Castle Ward ( Winterfell ), Inch Abby ( Riverlands ), and Tollymore Forest Park . The Academy Award-winning short film The Shore (2011)

1044-656: The Tudor era (16th century) numerous adventurers from Britain attempted to colonise the region; many Scots settled in Antrim around this time. In 1588 the Antrim coast was the scene of one of the 24 wrecks of the Spanish Armada in Ireland . The Spanish vessel La Girona was wrecked off Lacana Point, Giant's Causeway in 1588 with the loss of nearly 1,300 lives. Antrim is divided into sixteen baronies. Lower Antrim, part of Lower Clandeboye,

1102-620: The 14th century, and ruled it for a time from their castle on Lough Neagh. Their family was called Clandeboye O'Neills. Donald Balloch, who succeeded his father John Mor Macdonald, Lord of Dunyvaig and the Glens, married the daughter of Conn O'Neill of the Clandeboye O'Neills sometime after the Battle of Inverlochy. In 1433, Alexander of Islay, Lord of the Isles, joined with his cousin, Donald Balloch, Conn O'Neill of

1160-404: The Antrim coast are now designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Slemish , about eight miles (13 km) east of Ballymena, is notable as being the scene of St Patrick's early life. According to tradition Saint Patrick was a slave for seven years, near the hill of Slemish, until he escaped back to Great Britain. Linen manufacturing was previously an important industry in the county. At

1218-519: The Clandeboye O'Neills, and Eoghan O'Neill, king of Tirowen (modern Tyrone) to defend against an attack on Antrim by the O'Donnells of Tirconnell. Alexander Macdonald led the attack that was successful, so that the O'Donnells became subject to the O'Neills of Tirowen. A Gallowglass sept, the MacDonnells (they were "Macdonalds" in Scotland), became the most powerful in the Glens in the 15th century. During

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1276-456: The County Down in the lyrics to several songs including "Northern Muse (Solid Ground)", "Mystic of the East" and the nostalgic " Coney Island ", which names several places and landmarks in the county. Van Morrison also covered "Star of the County Down" with The Chieftains as a part of their collaboration album Irish Heartbeat . C. S. Lewis , author of The Chronicles of Narnia , was inspired by

1334-741: The Glynes with the Raughlines, Momerie and Carie, the Rowte M'William ( McQuillan ) and all lands between lough Coine and lough Eaghe, and the water of Strangforde and the Banne. To certify their proceedings before the 1st August." The county was privately planted during the Plantation period (16th–17th centuries). During the Williamite War in Ireland (1689–1691) the county was a centre of Protestant rebellion against

1392-599: The Irish word for dun or fort, which is a common root in Gaelic place names (such as Dundee , Dunfermline and Dumbarton in Scotland and Donegal and Dundalk in the Republic of Ireland). The fort in question was in the historic town of Downpatrick , originally known as Dún Lethglaise ("fort of the green side" or "fort of the two broken fetters"). During the 2nd century the region

1450-830: The MacQuillans. Later, the Scottish Gallowglass MacDonnells and MacAlisters invaded. The MacDonnells were a branch of the Scottish Clan MacDonald; the MacAlisters traced their origin back to the Irish Colla Uais, eldest of the Three Collas. Islandmagee had, besides antiquarian remains, a notoriety as a home of witchcraft, and during the Irish Rebellion of 1641 was the scene of an act of reprisal (for

1508-584: The Ulaiden's refusal to offer him sanctuary from Brian Boru the previous year. The region was invaded by the Normans in 1177. From the 1180s–1600s the region saw waves of English and Scottish immigration. In 1569 the Irish Parliament passed "An Act for turning of Countries that be not yet Shire Grounds into Shire Grounds". In 1570 a commission was issued in pursuance of that statute "to survey and make enquiry in

1566-498: The World ", from the film Around the World in 80 Days , which was an American top ten hit for Bing Crosby and UK top ten hit for Ronnie Hilton , both in 1957, although it was Mantovani 's instrumental version which was actually used in the film. Rihanna 's video " We Found Love " was filmed there in 2011, causing complaints when the singer removed her clothes to reveal a bikini. The Ulster singer Van Morrison has made reference to

1624-837: The advance of the Irish Army under Richard Hamilton , all of County Antrim was brought under Jacobite control. Later in the year a major expedition from England under Marshal Schomberg landed in Belfast Lough and successfully laid siege to Carrickfergus . Having captured most of the largest towns of the area, they then marched southwards towards Dundalk . The antiquities of the county consist of cairns , mounts or forts, remains of ecclesiastical and military structures, and round towers . There are three round towers: one at Antrim, one at Armoy , and one on Ram's Island in Lough Neagh, only that at Antrim being perfect. There are some remains of

1682-532: The area's modern rail network. In association football, the NIFL Premiership , which operates as the top division, has three teams in the county: Newry City F.C. , Ards F.C. and Warrenpoint Town F.C. , with Banbridge Town F.C. , Bangor F.C. and Lisburn Distillery F.C. competing in the NIFL Championship , which operates as levels two and three. The Down County Board administers Gaelic games in

1740-2152: The civil parishes that no longer exist. There are 140 civil parishes in County Kilkenny : There are 53 civil parishes in County Laois : There are 17 civil parishes in County Leitrim : There are 130 civil parishes in County Limerick : There are 46 civil parishes in County Londonderry : There are 26 civil parishes in County Longford : There are 63 civil parishes in County Louth : There are 73 civil parishes in County Mayo : There are 146 civil parishes in County Meath : There are 23 civil parishes in County Monaghan : There are 51 civil parishes in County Offaly : There are 60 civil parishes in County Roscommon : There are 41 civil parishes in County Sligo : There are 193 civil parishes in County Tipperary : There are 43 civil parishes in County Tyrone : There are 74 civil parishes in County Waterford : There are 63 civil parishes in County Westmeath : There are over 135 civil parishes in County Wexford : There are over 59 civil parishes in County Wicklow : County Antrim County Antrim (named after

1798-403: The countries and territories ... that are not shire ground, or are doubtful to what shire they belong; to limit and nominate them a shire or county; to divide them into countries, baronies or hundreds, or to join them to any existing shire or barony" "for the countries or territories of Arde, as well this side Blackstafe as the other side, Copelande islands, the Dufferin, Clandeboy, Kilultoghe,

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1856-400: The county include the Great Northern Railway of Ireland and Belfast and County Down Railway both of which were formed in the 19th century and were closed (or amalgamated) in the 1950s. The Downpatrick and County Down Railway operates a short section of the former Belfast and County Down line as a heritage railway between Downpatrick and Inch Abbey . Northern Ireland Railways operates

1914-444: The county of Antrim was formed is not known, but it appears that a certain district bore this name before the reign of Edward II (early 14th century), and when the shiring of Ulster was undertaken by Sir John Perrot in the 16th century, Antrim and Down were already recognised divisions, in contradistinction to the remainder of the province. The earliest known inhabitants were Mesolithic hunter-gatherers of pre- Celtic origin, but

1972-431: The county. Down is the most successful team north of the border in terms of All-Ireland Senior Football Championships won with five (1960, 1961, 1968, 1991 and 1994) in total. In terms of Ulster, they share that accolade with Cavan who also have 5 titles. They currently have four minor All-Ireland titles, twelve Ulster titles and one under 21 all Ireland title (1979). The Ards peninsula is a hurling stronghold. County Down

2030-409: The east of the county is Strangford Lough and the Ards Peninsula . The largest settlement is Bangor , a city on the northeast coast. Three other large towns and cities are on its border: Newry lies on the western border with County Armagh, while Lisburn and Belfast lie on the northern border with County Antrim. Down contains both the southernmost point of Northern Ireland ( Cranfield Point ) and

2088-435: The easternmost point of Ireland ( Burr Point ). It was one of two counties of Northern Ireland to have a Protestant majority at the time of the 2001 census . The other Protestant-majority County was County Antrim to the north. However, as of the 2021 Census, it is now the only county in which there is a Protestant background majority, as Antrim has Protestant background plurality. In the 2021 census, Ards and North Down had

2146-462: The ecclesiastic establishments at Bonamargy , where the earls of Antrim are buried, Kells , Glenarm, Glynn , Muckamore and Whiteabbey. The castle at Carrickfergus , dating from the Norman invasion of Ireland , is one of the best preserved medieval structures in Ireland. There are, however, remains of other ancient castles, as Olderfleet , Cam's, Shane's , Glenarm, Garron Tower, Red Bay, and Dunluce Castle , notable for its dramatic location on

2204-402: The finest coast scenery in the world is found, widely differing, with its unbroken lines of cliffs, from the indented coast-line of the west. The most remarkable cliffs are those formed of perpendicular basaltic columns, extending for many miles, and most strikingly displayed in Fair Head and the celebrated Giant's Causeway . From the eastern coast the hills rise instantly but less abruptly, and

2262-450: The highest number of "No Religion" responses (30.6%) for Northern Ireland. In March 2018, The Sunday Times published its list of Best Places to Live in Britain, including five in Northern Ireland. The list included three in County Down: Holywood , Newcastle , and Strangford . The county has two cities: Newry and Bangor . The latter is the more recent, gaining city status on 2 December 2022. County Down takes its name from dún ,

2320-416: The highest points are Knocklayd 514 m (1,690 ft), Slieveanorra 508 m (1,670 ft), Trostan 550 m (1,800 ft), Slemish 437 m (1,430 ft), Agnew's Hill 474 m (1,560 ft) and Divis 478 m (1,570 ft). The inland slope is gradual, but on the northern shore the range terminates in abrupt and almost perpendicular declivities, and here, consequently, some of

2378-422: The indentations are wider and deeper. On both coasts there are several resort towns, including Portrush (with well-known golf links), Portballintrae and Ballycastle ; on the east Cushendun , Cushendall and Waterfoot on Red Bay, Carnlough and Glenarm , Larne on the Sea of Moyle , and Whitehead on Belfast Lough. All are somewhat exposed to the easterly winds prevalent in spring. The only island of size

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2436-426: The late Middle Ages and some of the O'Haras also migrated from Connaught . Upper and Lower Dunluce were part of the Route, and were ruled by the MacQuillans. Upper and Lower Glenarm was ruled by the O'Flynn/O'Lynn sept, considered part of the Glynns. In addition to that sept and that of O'Quinn, both of which were native, the Scottish Gallowglass septs of MacKeown, MacAlister, and MacGee, are found there. Kilconway

2494-805: The list contains 211 species. Batter's list, of 1902, contained 747 species in his catalogue of British marine algae. Of the freshwater algae there are 10 taxa in the Charophyta ( Charales ) recorded from County Antrim: Chara aspera var. aspera ; Chara globularis var. globularis ; Chara globularis var. virgata ( Kütz. ) R.D.; Chara vulgaris var. vulgaris ; Chara vulgaris var. contraria (A. Braun ex Kütz.) J.A.Moore; Chara vulgaris var. longibracteata (Kütz.) J. Groves & Bullock-Webster; Chara vulgaris var. papillata Wallr. ex A. Braun; Nitella flexilis var. flexilis ; Nitella translucens (Pers.) C.A. Ag. and Tolypella nidifica var. glomerata (Desv.) R.D. Wood. County Down County Down ( Irish : Contae an Dúin )

2552-405: The massacre of Protestants ) against the Catholic population by the Scottish Covenanter soldiery of Carrickfergus . In 1689 during the Williamite War in Ireland , County Antrim was a centre of Protestant resistance against the rule of the Catholic James II . During the developing crisis James' garrison at Carrickfergus successfully repulsed an attempt by local Protestants to storm it. After

2610-420: The names of the townlands or subdivisions, supposed to have been made in the 13th century, are all of Celtic derivation. In ancient times, Antrim was inhabited by a Celtic people called the Darini . In the early Middle Ages, southern County Antrim was part of the Kingdom of Ulidia , ruled by the Dál Fiatach clans Keenan and MacDonlevy/McDunlavey; the north was part of Dál Riada , which stretched into what

2668-413: The north of the Ards Peninsula. Gunn Island lies off the Lecale coast. In addition, there are at least seventy islands (several inhabited) along with many islets – or pladdies – in Strangford Lough, although folk tradition says there are 365 islands in Strangford Lough, one for every day of the year. County Down is where, in the words of the song by Percy French , " The mountains of Mourne sweep down to

2726-400: The port for Stranraer in Scotland and Coleraine to Portrush . Two of Northern Ireland's main ports are in County Antrim, Larne and Belfast . Ferries sail from Larne Harbour to destinations including Cairnryan in Scotland. The Port of Belfast is Northern Ireland's principal maritime gateway, serving the Northern Ireland economy and increasingly that of the Republic of Ireland . It

2784-568: The rest of East Ulster of Jacobite troops. Down contains two significant peninsulas : Ards Peninsula and Lecale peninsula . The county has a coastline along Belfast Lough to the north and Carlingford Lough to the south (both of which have access to the sea). Strangford Lough lies between the Ards Peninsula and the mainland. Down also contains part of the shore of Lough Neagh . Smaller loughs include Lough Island Reavy and Castlewellan Lake near Castlewellan, Clea Lough near Killyleagh, Lough Money and Loughinisland near Downpatrick and, within

2842-461: The rule of the Catholic James II . After forming a scratch force the Protestants were defeated by the Irish Army at the Break of Dromore and forced to retreat, leading to the whole of Down falling under Jacobite control. Later the same year Marshal Schomberg 's large Williamite expedition arrived in Belfast Lough and captured Bangor. After laying siege to Carrickfergus , Schomberg marched south to Dundalk Camp , clearing County Down and much of

2900-810: The sea", and the area around the granite Mourne Mountains continues to be known for its scenery. Slieve Donard , at 849 m (2,785 ft), is the highest peak in the Mournes, in Northern Ireland and in the province of Ulster. Another important peak is Slieve Croob , at 534 m (1,752 ft), the source of the River Lagan. Baronies Parishes Townlands (population of 75,000 or more at 2001 Census) (population of 18,000 or more and under 75,000 at 2001 Census) (Population of 10,000 or more and under 18,000 at 2001 Census) (Population of 4,500 or more and under 10,000 at 2001 Census) (Population of 2,250 or more and under 4,500 at 2001 Census) (Population of 1,000 or more and under 2,250 at 2001 Census) (Population of less than 1,000 at 2001 Census) As of

2958-420: The second-largest county by population on the island of Ireland , second only to County Dublin . A traditionally Protestant-majority county since the Plantation of Ulster by Scottish and English settlers, the 2021 census revealed that those of a Protestant and Other Christian community background were no longer a majority in Antrim, comprising 47.0% of the population, a sharp decline from 75.2% in 1861. This

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3016-482: The small town of Toome , at the outflow of the river, being the centre. Immediately below this point lies Lough Beg , the "Small Lake", about 4.5 m (15 ft) lower than Lough Neagh. County Antrim has a number of air, rail and sea links. Northern Ireland's main airport, Belfast International Airport, at Aldergrove, is in County Antrim. Belfast International shares its runways with 38 Brigade Flying Station Aldergrove , which otherwise has its own facilities. It

3074-492: The time Ireland produced a large amount of flax . Cotton-spinning by jennies was first introduced to Belfast by industrialists Robert Joy and Thomas M'Cabe in 1777; and twenty-three years later it was estimated that more than 27,000 people were employed in the industry within ten miles (16 km) of Belfast. Women were employed in the working of patterns on muslin . Records of the seaweeds of County Antrim were brought together and published in 1907 by J. Adams who notes that

3132-470: The town of Antrim , from Irish Aontroim , meaning 'lone ridge') is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland , located within the historic province of Ulster . Adjoined to the north-east shore of Lough Neagh , the county covers an area of 3,086 square kilometres (1,192 sq mi) and has a population of 651,321, as of the 2021 census . County Antrim has a population density of 211 people per square kilometre or 546 people per square mile. It

3190-466: The twelve Gaelscoileanna (Irish language primary schools) and one Gaelcholáiste (Irish language secondary school). The county was administered by Antrim County Council from 1899 until the abolition of county councils in Northern Ireland in 1973. The traditional county town is Antrim . More recently, Ballymena was the seat of county government. From 1973 Northern Ireland was split into districts , which were redrawn in 2015. County Antrim

3248-408: Was home to the Voluntii tribe, according to Ptolemy . From the 400s–1177 County Down formed a central part of the kingdom of Ulaid . Ulaid was a frequent target of Viking raids in the eighth and ninth centuries, however fierce local resistance prevented the Norse from setting up permanent settlements in the region. In 1001 a fleet led by Sigtrygg Silkbeard raided much of the region in retribution for

3306-404: Was originally O'Flynn/O'Lynn territory, but was held by the MacQuillans as part of the Route, and later by the gallowglass sept of MacNeill. Lower Massereene was part of Lower Clandeboye and was ruled by the O'Flynns and the O'Heircs. Upper Massereene was part of Lower Clandeboye, ruled by the O'Heircs. Upper and Lower Toome, part of the Route, were O'Flynn/O'Lynn territory. Misc was first ruled by

3364-400: Was settled by the sept O'Flynn/O'Lynn. Upper Antrim, part of Lower Clandeboye, was the home of the O'Keevans. Belfast was part of Lower Clandeboye and was held by the O'Neill-Clannaboys. Lower Belfast, Upper Belfast, and Carrickfergus were also part of Lower Clandeboye. Cary was part of the Glynnes; ruled originally by the O'Quinn sept, the MacDonnell galloglasses from Scotland took power here in

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