HadCRUT is the dataset of worldwide monthly instrumental temperature records formed by combining the sea surface temperature records compiled by the Hadley Centre of the UK Met Office and the land surface air temperature records compiled by the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) of the University of East Anglia .
101-534: The Climatic Research Unit ( CRU ) is a component of the University of East Anglia and is one of the leading institutions concerned with the study of natural and anthropogenic climate change . With a staff of some thirty research scientists and students, the CRU has contributed to the development of a number of the data sets widely used in climate research , including one of the global temperature records used to monitor
202-454: A Quidditch team. The UEA Media Collective encompasses the free student newspaper Concrete , UEA:TV (previously named Nexus UTV ), and the student radio station Livewire 1350AM . Norwich Medical School also has various active medical societies, including the UEA MedSoc which offers several education and social events. The UEA Student Union hosted events like Pimp My Barrow , which
303-473: A teaching hospital ( Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital ) on site. The university is a member of Norwich Research Park , which has one of Europe's largest concentrations of researchers in the fields of agriculture , genomics , health and the environment . UEA is also one of the nation's most-cited research institutions worldwide. The postgraduate Master of Arts in creative writing , founded by Sir Malcolm Bradbury and Sir Angus Wilson in 1970,
404-689: A co-inventor of the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine , one President of the Royal Society , three Fellows of the Academy of Medical Sciences , six National Teaching Fellows , eight Fellows of the British Academy and a number of Fellows of the Royal Society . Alumni also include CEOs , one current monarch and former prime minister , two de facto heads of state, one vice president , one deputy prime minister , two former Leaders of
505-611: A collaboration with the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital and the research centres at Norwich Research Park. In 2003, the School of Pharmacy opened along with the Zuckerman Institute for Connective Environmental Research (ZICER). In November 2009, computer servers at the university's Climatic Research Unit were hacked and the stolen information made public . As a result, over 1,000 emails and 2,000 documents were released. Because
606-509: A coming ice age but, following the UK's exceptionally hot summer of 1976 , he switched to predicting a more imminent global warming . The possibility of major weather changes and flooding attracted attention to the unit and sponsorship by major insurance companies wanting to mitigate their potential losses. Prior to the Unit's establishment, it had widely been believed by the meteorological establishment that
707-517: A distinct trans-disciplinary perspective, the options to mitigate, and the necessities to adapt to current climate change and continuing global warming , and to integrate these into the global, UK and local contexts of sustainable development ". In 2001, the Sportspark, a multi-sports facility housing an Olympic-sized pool, floodlit astro-pitches and the tallest climbing wall in Norfolk was built due to
808-538: A large amount of raw weather station data had been released by the Met Office and the US Global Historical Climatology Network , but around two-thirds of the data owners did not respond to the CRU requests for agreement, and both Poland and Trinidad and Tobago declined. Two FOIA requests for data shared with another researcher were refused by the university, and the requestors appealed this to
909-1285: A long-term partnership with the Norwich Science Festival which is an annual event that takes place each February at the Forum in Norwich where organisations from Norwich Research Park hold workshops and exhibit science activities for the public. The university hosted its inaugural literary festival in 1991 and has welcomed notable speakers including Madeleine Albright , Martin Amis , Martin Bell , Alan Bennett , Cherie Blair , Melvyn Bragg , Eleanor Catton , Richard Dawkins , Alain de Botton , Sebastian Faulks , Niall Ferguson , Stephen Fry , Frank Gardner , Richard E. Grant , Germaine Greer , Seamus Heaney , Clive James , P. D. James , Doris Lessing , Mario Vargas Llosa , Hilary Mantel , Iris Murdoch , Rageh Omaar , Michael Palin , Jeremy Paxman , Harold Pinter , Stephen Poliakoff , Terry Pratchett , Salman Rushdie , Simon Schama , Will Self , John Simpson , Zadie Smith , Paul Theroux , Peter Ustinov , Shirley Williams and Robert Winston . Sciences alumni include
1010-711: A new lectureship in the field awarded from the British Film Institute. It is also the home of the East Anglian Film Archive which collects and preserves film and videotape primarily from the Eastern counties. In 2005, UEA in partnership with the University of Essex , Suffolk County Council , the East of England Development Agency , Ipswich Borough Council and the Learning and Skills Council , secured £15m funding from
1111-526: A number of other services within Union House which underwent a refurbishment in 2015 after a £6m investment. UEA offers many free public events, both on-and-off campus, alongside public access to the Sainsbury Centre, Sportspark and open campus spaces. The university's lecture theatres regularly host film screenings, discussions, lectures and presentations for the public to attend. The university also has
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#17330862563841212-562: A previous vote of no-confidence by the UCU branch of East Anglia, and a "scathing" letter written to the UEA Council by the professoriate demanding change, led to the immediate resignation of vice-chancellor David Richardson on 17 February 2023, who had been in the role for ten years. Questions were asked about the university's sudden crisis in Parliament, with the local MP Clive Lewis talking of
1313-456: A result of any changes" to accommodation. In April 2024, Dame Jenny Abramsky (previously the BBC's most senior female employee; Director of Audio and Music) was appointed as the university's chancellor. She succeeded Dame Karen Jones , who had been in the role since 2016. In August 2024, it was announced that contractor Mace was going to carry out a four-phase strip-back-to-frame refurbishment of
1414-600: A result of human activity remained unchanged. In 2011, a new analysis of temperature data by the independent Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature group, many of whom had stated publicly that they thought it was possible that the CRU had manipulated data, concluded that "these studies were done carefully and that potential biases identified by climate change sceptics did not seriously affect their conclusions". 52°37′18″N 1°14′19″E / 52.6218°N 1.2385°E / 52.6218; 1.2385 University of East Anglia The University of East Anglia ( UEA )
1515-472: A server used by the CRU and stole a large quantity of data, anonymously posting online more than 1,000 emails and more than 2,000 other documents. Some climate change deniers including bloggers falsely asserted that a number of the leaked e-mails contain evidence supporting their global warming conspiracy theory that scientists had allegedly conspired to manipulate data and to keep scientists who have contrary views out of peer-review literature. This controversy
1616-642: A £14.5m grant from the Sport England Lottery Fund and was formally opened by Princess Anne . That same year, UEA alumnus Sir Paul Nurse was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine which he shared jointly with Timothy Hunt and Leland Hartwell "for their discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle". In 2002, the Norwich Medical School opened as part of the School of Medicine, Health Policy and Practice with over 110 students enrolled as
1717-469: Is a public research university in Norwich , England. Established in 1963 on a 360-acre (150-hectare) campus west of the city centre, the university has four faculties and twenty-six schools of study. It is one of five BBSRC funded research campuses with forty businesses, four independent research institutes ( John Innes Centre , Quadram Institute , Earlham Institute and The Sainsbury Laboratory ) and
1818-459: Is affiliated to the National Union of Students , and also campaigns on a wide range of issues, as directed by the democratic processes. The UEA Student Union has over 200 clubs and societies; sports teams include men's and women's football clubs , a British Universities American Football League (BUAFC) Premier South Division American Football Team, The UEA Pirates, a cheerleading society and
1919-616: Is also involved in a study of Eurasian climate over the last 10,000 years based upon tree ring data and a study of European climate in the last 200 years based upon temperature records. It is a participant in MEDALUS – the Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use project . The custodians of the raw data are the National Meteorological Organisations that originated the data; CRU retains most but not all of
2020-457: Is competitive and has produced several distinguished authors. The annual income for 2022/23 was £315m (£34.2m from research grants and contracts) with a £312.2m expenditure and a £559m gross contribution to the regional economy. UEA's alumni , faculty and researchers, include three Nobel Prize winners, co-discoverers of the Hepatitis C and D genomes, as well as the small interfering RNA ,
2121-502: Is involved in several Doctoral Training Partnerships (DTPs) and Centres for Doctoral Training (CDTs), including AgriFoRwArdS (collaboration with the University of Cambridge and the University of Lincoln which focuses on robotics within the agricultural sector), SENSS (partnership promoting social science research training with City, University of London , Cranfield University , University of Essex , Goldsmiths, University of London , University of Lincoln , Middlesex University and
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#17330862563842222-538: Is part of the Faculty of Social Sciences. In 2011, the university won its second Queen's Anniversary Prize for its distinguished creative writing programme. This bolstered the region's reputation as a literary hub and helped Norwich to achieve its status as England's first UNESCO City of Literature in 2012. In 2009, UEA's School of International Development had previously been awarded in recognition of sustained responses to environmental change and world poverty. In 2013,
2323-425: Is provided on a grid of boxes covering the globe, with values provided for only those boxes containing temperature observations in a particular month and year. Interpolation is not applied to infill missing values. The first version of HadCRUT initially spanned the period 1881–1993, and this was later extended to begin in 1850 and to be regularly updated to the current year/month in near real-time . HadCRUT4
2424-634: Is situated nearby an area within the southwestern suburbs known as the Golden Triangle which has been dubbed the Norwich version of London's Notting Hill . Experimental novelist Alan Burns was the university's first writer-in-residence . The university library is home to the British Archive for Contemporary Writing, which is an archive of material from a range of classical and contemporary writers, including Doris Lessing , Lee Child and Naomi Alderman . Between September 2022 and November 2023,
2525-663: Is the third major revision of this dataset, combining the CRUTEM3 land surface air temperature dataset with the HadSST2 sea surface temperature dataset. First published in 2006, this initially spanned the period 1850–2005, but has since been regularly updated to 2012. Its spatial grid boxes are 5° of latitude and longitude. A more complete statistical model of uncertainty was introduced with this revision, including estimates of measurements errors, biases due to changing exposure and urbanisation , and uncertainty due to incomplete coverage of
2626-1091: The African Development Bank ), Uganda ( Syda Bbumba ), Thailand ( Suchart Thada-Thamrongvech ) and Venezuela ( Pedro Rosas Bravo ); Foreign Ministers of Iceland ( Össur Skarphéðinsson ) and The Gambia ( Ousman Jammeh ); Defence Minister of The Maldives Adam Shareef ; current Mongolian Culture Minister Nomin Chinbat and Democratic Republic of the Congo Budget Minister Aimé Boji ; and former Cabinet Ministers of Cyprus ( Marios Demetriades ), Peru ( Gino Costa ), South Sudan ( Agnes Kwaje Lasuba ), Kenya ( Hassan Wario ), Egypt ( Gamal El-Araby ), Tanzania ( Juma Ngasongwa ), Rwanda ( Daphrose Gahakwa ), Ethiopia ( Sinknesh Ejigu and Junedin Sado ), Seychelles ( Rolph Payet and Peter Sinon ), Turkey ( Cüneyd Düzyol ), Brunei ( Suyoi Osman and Adanan Yusof ) and Yemen ( Yahya Al-Mutawakel ). Alumni in national politics include
2727-819: The Caine Prize winners Binyavanga Wainaina (MPhil, 2010), Helon Habila (PhD, 2008) and Henrietta Rose-Innes (PhD). Other alumni include Tracy Chevalier (Creative Writing, 1994), John Boyne (Creative Writing, 1996), Neel Mukherjee (Creative Writing, 2001), Mick Jackson (Creative Writing, 1992), Trezza Azzopardi (Creative Writing, 1998), Paul Murray (Creative Writing, 2001), James Scudamore (Creative Writing, 2006), Mohammed Hanif (Creative Writing, 2005), Richard House (PhD, 2008), Sebastian Barker (English Literature, 1970), Clive Sinclair (BA, 1969; PhD, 1983), Kathryn Hughes (Creative Writing, 1986), Peter J. Conradi and Craig Warner (Creative Writing, 2014). Alumni in international politics and government include
2828-725: The Higher Education Funding Council for England for the creation of a new campus in the Waterfront area of Ipswich , called University Campus Suffolk (UCS). It opened in September 2007; in May 2016, it became independent of UEA and was renamed the University of Suffolk . In 2008, INTO University Partnerships opened a £35m six-storey building named INTO University of East Anglia (INTO UEA) with 415 en-suite study-bedrooms and classroom space for 600 students. The institution focuses on
2929-555: The Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) showed that UEA has one of the highest proportions of First Class and Upper Second Class degrees achieved by students with more than Oxford and Cambridge . Only three universities in the United Kingdom have been awarded a higher proportion of First Class degrees than UEA between the academic years 2014/15 and 2017/18. There is a concern about grade inflation with
3030-518: The Information Commissioner's Office (ICO). In its decision released on 23 June 2011, the ICO required CRU to release the remaining raw data irrespective of the wishes of the meteorological organisations which owned the data. This decision included data from Trinidad and Tobago but did not cover Poland. The raw data release was completed by 27 July 2011. In November 2009, hackers gained access to
3131-563: The Norfolk Broads and increased the number of rooms available to new students. That same year, vice-chancellor David Richardson unveiled a "2030 vision" which included a £300m investment in campus – refurbishing existing buildings as well as creating new teaching and learning spaces in order to help UEA become a major global university. In 2019, Norwich Business School received an Athena SWAN Bronze award which recognises good practices in higher education and research institutions towards
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3232-621: The RAF Horsham St Faith to the south of Norwich International Airport housed approximately half of the university's first-year students. Other features include the UEA Broad and the Square (a central outdoor meeting place). There are also three statues by sculptor Sir Antony Gormley which were placed on campus in 2017. The work drew controversy due to the fact that the figures resembled people balancing on high ledges. Accommodation blocks on
3333-675: The River Yare . It is one of the few Broads produced by gravel extraction rather than peat digging. In 1978, the gift of tribal art and 20th-century paintings and sculptures by artists such as Francis Bacon and Henry Moore from Sir Robert Sainsbury resulted in the construction of the Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts , one of the first major public buildings to be designed by the architects Norman Foster and Wendy Cheesman . The building became Grade II* listed in December 2012. In 1984,
3434-517: The University of Hong Kong . UEA had the joint twenty-fifth highest average entry qualification for undergraduates of any UK university in 2015, with new students averaging 407 UCAS points, equivalent to ABBbc in A-Level grades. In 2014, the ratio of applications to acceptances was 5.9 to 1. According to the 2017 Times and Sunday Times Good University Guide, approximately 10.5% of East Anglia's undergraduates come from independent schools. Data from
3535-478: The University of Roehampton ), ARIES (partnership offering environmental science research with University of Essex , University of Kent , University of Plymouth and Royal Holloway University ), as well as CHASE (collaboration providing humanities training with Birkbeck, University of London , Goldsmiths, University of London , The Courtauld Institute of Art , The Open University , SOAS, University of London , University of Essex , University of Kent and
3636-947: The University of Sussex ). Internationally, UEA has multiple international partner institutions where there are formal agreements for student exchange, research collaborations, staff and faculty mobility and study abroad schemes (semester or year) including: University of California ( Berkeley , Davis , Irvine , Los Angeles , Merced , Riverside , San Diego , San Francisco , Santa Barbara and Santa Cruz ), Georgetown University , University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , University of Arizona , Temple University , University of Colorado Boulder , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , University of Notre Dame , Middlebury College , Bennington College , University of British Columbia , University of Calgary , Australian National University , Monash University , University of Melbourne , University of Sydney , Nanyang Technological University , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and
3737-474: The " Ziggurats " and were designed by Lasdun to recall "vineyards in France or a rocky outcrop on a slope". In 1968, Lasdun was replaced as the university's consultant architect by Sir Bernard Feilden , who completed both the wall and the library. He also created an arena-shaped square as a new social space. They would later receive Grade II* listed status. In 1963, the University of East Anglia Boat Club (UEABC)
3838-654: The 1850s. The CRU compiles the land component of the record and the Hadley Centre provides the marine component. The merged record is used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in all its publications. Other products include the CRU TS high resolution gridded land surface dataset of multiple factors including precipitation, vapour pressure and cloud cover as well as temperatures. This type of dataset can be used to monitor drought conditions, for example. CRU
3939-1074: The 2001 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate and former President of the Royal Society Sir Paul Nurse (PhD, 1973); the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine winning co-discoverer of the Hepatitis C and D genomes Sir Michael Houghton (Biological Sciences, 1972); vaccinologist Dame Sarah Gilbert (Biological Sciences, 1983) who designed the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine ; Darwin Medal , Darwin–Wallace Medal and Erwin Schrödinger Prize winning evolutionary biologist Nick Barton (PhD, 1979); Potamkin Prize winning pathologist Karen Duff (Biological Sciences, 1987); climate scientists Tim Lenton , Chris Turney , Neil Adger , Benjamin D. Santer , Timothy Osborn , Keith Briffa , Sarah Raper , and Peter Thorne ; and
4040-517: The CRU was a major repository for data regarding man-made global warming , the release, which occurred directly prior to the 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference , attracted international attention and led to calls for an inquiry, with the controversy gaining the nickname "climategate". As a result, eight investigations were launched in both the United Kingdom and the United States, but none found evidence of fraud or scientific misconduct, and
4141-565: The CRU's most significant products is the CRUTEM global dataset of land near-surface temperature anomalies on a 5° by 5° grid-box basis, which is compiled in conjunction with the Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research and its sea-surface temperature dataset to produce the HadCRUT temperature record . First compiled in the early 1980s, the record documents global temperature fluctuations since
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4242-466: The Climatic Research Unit for this raw data. On 12 August 2009 CRU announced that they were seeking permission to waive these restrictions, and on 24 November 2009 the university stated that over 95% of the CRU weather station temperature data set had already been available for several years, with the remainder to be released when permissions were obtained. In a decision announced on 27 July 2011
4343-717: The Derby Day trophy from 2013 to 2018. The UEA Student Union organises gigs and club nights at the Lower Common Room in Union House. The union also runs the Waterfront venue, off campus in Norwich's King Street, which was awarded a Council for Advancement and Support of Education (CASE) award in 2018 for engagement with alumni. Acts that have performed at these venues include Captain Beefheart , The Cure , Coldplay , Pere Ubu , U2 , Haim , The Smiths , Sparks , Red Hot Chili Peppers , Radiohead and Iron Maiden . The union operates
4444-1142: The Fellows of the Royal Society James Barber , Keith Beven , Mervyn Bibb , Lucy Carpenter , Ken Carslaw , Richard Flavell , Don Grierson , Louise Heathwaite , Brian Hemmings , Giles Oldroyd , Terence Rabbitts , William Sutherland , and Nick Talbot . Literary alumni include the 2017 Nobel Prize in Literature laureate Sir Kazuo Ishiguro (Creative Writing, 1980), renowned German writer W. G. Sebald (PhD, 1973), Booker Prize winners Ian McEwan (Creative Writing, 1971), and Anne Enright (Creative Writing, 1988); Costa Book Award winners Dame Rose Tremain (Creative Writing, 1967), Andrew Miller (Creative Writing, 1991), David Almond (English Literature, 1993), Tash Aw (Creative Writing, 2003), Emma Healey (Creative Writing, 2011), Susan Fletcher (Creative Writing, 2002), Adam Foulds (Creative Writing, 2001), Avril Joy (History of Art, 1972) and Christie Watson (Creative Writing, 2009); and
4545-592: The House of Lords , along with winners of the Lasker Award , Booker Prize , Caine Prize and Costa Book Award . Attempts to establish a university in Norwich were made in 1919 and 1947, but due to a lack of government funding on both occasions the plans had to be postponed. The University of East Anglia was eventually set up in April 1960 for biological sciences and English studies students. Initially, teaching took place in
4646-588: The Lasdun Wall buildings due to potential architectural risks and failings. The £88m project includes both new research and teaching space in an extended Building 3, while existing facilities will continue to operate within Buildings 4, 5 and 6. It will also provide an 86% betterment in thermal performance, aligning it with UEA's net zero emission targets. Features of the UEA campus include Earlham Hall, which now accommodates
4747-680: The Liberal Democrat peer Rosalind Scott, Baroness Scott of Needham Market (European Studies, 1999). UEA is also the alma mater of the former Crossbench peer Timothy Bentinck, 12th Earl of Portland (History of Art, 1975); and the former MPs Douglas Carswell (History, 1993), Judith Chaplin , Tony Colman (International Development), Caroline Flint (American Literature, History and Film, 1983), Jon Owen Jones (Ecology, 1975), Tess Kingham (Education), and Ivor Stanbrook (Law, 1995). HadCRUT "HadCRUT" stands for Had ley Centre/ C limatic R esearch U nit T emperature. The data
4848-743: The Queen's Building, which hosts classes within the School of Health Sciences. In 1995, the Elizabeth Fry Building was opened, providing new facilities for almost 800 students. In 2000, UEA's reputation within the field of environmental research led to the government choosing the university as the site for the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research. The centre, named after the 19th-century scientist John Tyndall , brings together scientists, economists, engineers and social scientists from eight partner institutions to "research, assess and communicate from
4949-817: The Sainsbury Centre at UEA was used for filming several scenes in Avengers: Age of Ultron , Ant-Man , Captain America: Civil War and Spider-Man: Homecoming . In 2015, "Britain's Greenest Building" (The Enterprise Centre) opened on campus using low-carbon local materials; it was featured in an exhibition at COP26 as one of the most exemplary sustainable building projects in the world. Also, Earlham Park played host between 23 and 24 May to BBC Radio 1's Big Weekend 2015 where acts such as Fall Out Boy , Muse , Foo Fighters and Taylor Swift performed. In late-September 2016, two new accommodation blocks opened; Barton House and Hickling House were named after two of
5050-628: The School of Environmental Sciences in 1971 and 1972. Initial sponsors included British Petroleum , the Nuffield Foundation and Royal Dutch Shell . The Rockefeller Foundation was another early benefactor, and the Wolfson Foundation gave the Unit its current building in 1986. Since the second half of the 1970s the Unit has also received funding through a series of contracts with the United States Department of Energy to support
5151-454: The School of Environmental Sciences, has been an early centre of work for climate change research. The school was also stated to be "the strongest in the world" by the chief scientific adviser to the British government , Sir David King , during a lecture at the John Innes Centre in 2005. The university was one of the first in the United Kingdom to establish Film Studies as a serious academic discipline, with developmental funding to support
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#17330862563845252-430: The School of Literature, Drama and Creative Writing and jointly helped to establish their creative writing course at masters level in 1970, which was then a groundbreaking initiative in the United Kingdom. In 1972, the Centre for Climatic Research opened in the School of Environmental Sciences; the founder and first director was climatologist Hubert Lamb . That same year, UEA's consultant architect Bernard Feilden helped
5353-413: The Top 20 by The Times , The Sunday Times , The Guardian and The Complete University Guide . In April 2013, the university was ranked first for student experience according to the Times Higher Education Magazine . It currently ranks third for student satisfaction in the National Student Survey when ranking mainstream English universities. UEA is the only institution to have ranked within
5454-444: The Top 5 since the survey began. In 2022, UEA was ranked first for "UK University Job Prospects" by students in the Student Crowd Survey. In 2017, the university was rated "gold" by the Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF) for quality of teaching. In the 2023 TEF assessment, UEA's award was revised to "silver". The university offers over 300 courses in its four faculties, which contain twenty-six schools of study: All students at
5555-425: The UEA Law School first moved to Earlham Hall which dates back to 1580 and was the seat of the Gurney family . Social reformer Elizabeth Fry grew up there and Prince William Frederick was once a regular guest. In 1984, the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) moved to a new cylindrical building designed by Rick Mather . In 2006, this was named the Hubert Lamb Building in honour of the first director. In 1988, for
5656-449: The UEA Law School; the Sainsbury Centre at the western end of the main wall, designed by Norman Foster to house the art collection of Sir Robert Sainsbury , whose daughter attended UEA; the Sportspark, a multi-sports facility; and the Enterprise Centre, a supportive hub for start-up companies. The campus also includes Norwich Research Park and the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital. Until 1994, former RAF accommodation blocks at
5757-402: The Union Pub and Bar, a 24-hour library, a concert venue (Lower Common Room), a canteen (Campus Kitchen), a café (The Blend), a bar (Unio), a graduate bar (The Scholar's Bar) and The Street with a 24-hour launderette, the Union Shop and a coffee shop (Ziggy's). Other establishments include Café 57 and the Bio Cafe. There is also the Medical Centre and Dental Practice located on the eastern side of
5858-435: The academics were subsequently fully exonerated. In 2011, an analysis of temperature data by the Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature group concluded that the CRU's "studies were done carefully and that potential biases identified by climate change sceptics did not seriously affect their conclusions". In 2010, the Thomas Paine Study Centre was opened by playwright Trevor Griffiths . It became Norwich Business School which
5959-423: The advancement of gender equality . During the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020, the university gave empty student accommodation to NHS staff, allowing them to isolate from at-risk family members and to avoid commuting. In June 2021, plans for a BBC film documenting the 2009 CRU email controversy were announced, featuring Jason Watkins playing the role of climatologist Phil Jones. The film ( The Trick )
6060-419: The agreement of its owners but this was expected to take some months, and objections were anticipated from National Meteorological Organisations that made money from selling the data. It was not free to share that data without the permission of its owners because of confidentiality agreements, including with institutions in Spain, Germany, Bahrain and Norway, that restricted the data to academic use. In some cases,
6161-507: The agreements were made orally, and some of the written agreements had been lost during a move. Despite this, the CRU was the focus of numerous requests under the Freedom of Information Act for data used by the unit's scientists. Nature reported that in the course of five days in July 2009 the CRU had been "inundated" with 58 FOI requests from Stephen McIntyre and people affiliated with his Climate Audit blog requesting access to raw climate data or information about their use. In early 2011
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#17330862563846262-566: The campus include Constable Terrace, Nelson Court, with Britten, Paston, Colman, Victory, Kett and Browne Houses, in addition to the University Village. The residences are named after Horatio Nelson , John Constable , Benjamin Britten , Jeremiah Colman , Nelson's ship HMS Victory , Robert Kett , Sir Thomas Browne and the Paston family (authors of the Paston Letters ). UEA's newest residences (Crome, Hickling and Barton Houses) offer en suite accommodation with shared kitchens and communal lounge areas. Facilities located on campus include
6363-597: The campus. The campus is linked to Norwich city centre and railway station by frequent buses, operated by First Eastern Counties , via Unthank Road or Earlham Road. Other transport links include First Buses to the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital and to Bowthorpe , as well as Konectbus services to Watton , Dereham and also Costessey via park and ride . National Express provides coach services to London and Megabus also operates both low cost intercity and long-distance travel to cities including Cambridge , Birmingham , Bristol and Cardiff . The university
6464-590: The climate was essentially constant and unvarying. Lamb and others in the climatological community had for years argued that the climate system was in fact highly variable on timescales of decades to centuries and longer. The establishment of the CRU enabled Lamb and his colleagues to focus on this issue and eventually to win the argument decisively. Hubert Lamb retired in 1978. His successors were Tom Wigley (1978–1993), Trevor Davies (1993–1998), Jean Palutikof and Phil Jones (jointly 1998–2004), Phil Jones (2004–2016), and Tim Osborn (from January 2017); Peter Liss
6565-654: The current King of Tonga Tupou VI (Development Studies, 1980) who also served as Prime Minister from 2000 to 2006 and Foreign Minister from 1998 to 2004; Governor General of Grenada Sir Carlyle Glean (Education, 1982); Governor of Gibraltar Sir Robert Fulton (Social Sciences, 1970) who was formerly Commandant General Royal Marines ; Kiribati Vice President Teima Onorio (Education, 1990); Turkish Deputy Prime Minister Murat Karayalçın (Development Economics, 1977) who also served as Foreign Minister; Finance Ministers of Australia ( Mathias Cormann ), South Africa ( Tito Mboweni ), Rwanda ( Donald Kaberuka , later President of
6666-435: The current MPs Rachael Maskell (Physiotherapy, 1994), Brian Mathew (Development Studies, 1983), Manuela Perteghella , Adrian Ramsay , Connor Rand (History, 2014), Sam Rushworth , and Karin Smyth (Politics, 1988); former Leaders of the House of Lords Valerie Amos, Baroness Amos (Applied Research in Education, 1978) and Thomas Galbraith, 2nd Baron Strathclyde (Modern Languages and European Studies, 1982); and
6767-445: The degrees awarded by English universities , with the University of East Anglia awarding 35.7% First Class degrees, 52.1% Upper Seconds (2:1), 11.2% Lower Seconds (2:2) and 1% Third Class degrees in 2016/17. The results of the 2021 Research Excellence Framework , published on 12 May 2022, showed that over 91% of the university's research activity was deemed to be "world leading" or "internationally excellent" with more than 47% having
6868-402: The financial year 2023/24 and had predicted that there would be £45m yearly losses by 2026/27. The university's teaching block, also known as the Lasdun Wall, urgently required major repairs; its condition was described as "deteriorating fast" and it was said that if repairs were not done it might have "to be closed permanently" and would be "unusable by 2025". The financial turmoil alongside
6969-541: The first buildings did not open until late-1966. Lasdun moved the teaching and research functions into a single 460-metre (1,510-foot) long concrete block following the contour of the site, with facilities for resident tutors. Alongside this teaching wall a walkway was built, giving access to the various entrances of the wall, with frontage roads beneath. Attached to the southern side of the walkway, six linked blocks of terraced accommodation residences were constructed to appear as one structure. The residences became known as
7070-430: The globe by observations of temperature was included, as was a version with the variance adjusted to remove artificial changes arising from changing numbers of observations. HadCRUT1 was the first version of this dataset. Although not initially referred to as HadCRUT1, this name was introduced later to distinguish it from subsequent versions. First published in 1994, this initially spanned the period 1881–1993, but
7171-445: The globe by observations of temperature. HadCRUT2 was the second major version of this dataset, combining the CRUTEM2 land surface air temperature dataset with the HadSST sea surface temperature dataset. First published in 2003, this initially spanned the period 1856–2001, but was subsequently updated to end in 2005. Its spatial grid boxes are 5° of latitude and longitude. An estimate of uncertainty due to incomplete coverage of
7272-539: The highest category of 4* of World Leading Research, significantly higher than the national average of 41%. UEA was ranked thirteenth in the UK for the quality of its research outputs and twentieth overall amongst all mainstream British institutions – a rise of nine places since the last assessment in 2014. The university ranks in the Top 1% worldwide according to the Times Higher Education world rankings, and within
7373-584: The institution being in a "death spiral". Professor David Maguire , formerly vice-chancellor at the University of Greenwich , was appointed as the new vice-chancellor on 22 May 2023. According to a UEA press release, Maguire "will lead UEA through a significant period of transformation and change as it works to secure its future financial stability, and continue its success as a world-leading teaching and research University for future generations of students and staff". In practice this meant job cuts and threats of compulsory redundancy (113 staff posts were lost over
7474-540: The last 157 years. Access to weather station temperature records was often under formal or informal confidentiality agreements that restricted use of this raw data to academic purposes. From the 1990s onwards the unit received requests for this weather station temperature data from people who hoped to independently verify the impact of various adjustments, and after the UK Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) came into effect in 2005, there were Freedom of Information requests to
7575-626: The library also worked on a project entitled "Towards a Centre for Contemporary Poetry in the Archive", which has included hosting four Poets in Residence: Joelle Taylor , Jay Bernard , Anthony Vahni Capildeo and Gail McConnell. The German émigré novelist W. G. Sebald taught at the School of Literature and Creative Writing and founded the British Centre for Literary Translation. The Climatic Research Unit, founded in 1972 by Hubert Lamb in
7676-692: The objective of filling gaps in available information "to establish the past record of climate over as much of the world as possible, as far back in time as was feasible, and in enough detail to recognise and establish the basic processes, interactions, and evolutions in the Earth's fluid envelopes and those involving the Earth's crust and its vegetation cover". Through the 1970s the unit worked on interpreting documentary historical records. From 1978 onward CRU began production of its gridded data set of land air temperature anomalies based on instrumental temperature records held by National Meteorological Organisations around
7777-457: The permanent campus. The site chosen was on the western edge of the city, on the south side of Earlham Road. The land, formerly part of the Earlham Hall estate was at that time occupied by a golf course. Lasdun presented a model and an outline plan at a press conference in April 1963, but it took another year to produce more detailed plans, which diverged considerably from the model. As a result,
7878-541: The provision of foundation courses for international students , including English language for academic purposes. Nationally, UEA is also involved in a number of partnerships including the Nexus Network (with the Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership and the University of Sussex ) which fosters research and practical collaborations across the domains of energy and the environment. Additionally, UEA
7979-418: The raw data, which continues to be held by the originating services. It published a quarterly journal, Climate Monitor . This ceased publication in 1998, being replaced by an online version, Climate Monitor Online . The CRU collates data from many sources around the world. In August 2009 its director, Phil Jones, told the science journal Nature that he was working to make the data publicly available with
8080-556: The state of the climate system, as well as statistical software packages and climate models . The CRU was founded in 1972 as part of the university's School of Environmental sciences . The establishment of the Unit owed much to the support of Sir Graham Sutton , a former Director-General of the Meteorological Office , Lord Solly Zuckerman , an adviser to the University, and Professors Keith Clayton and Brian Funnel , Deans of
8181-724: The summer). In September 2023, it was announced that some of the university's student accommodation would be temporarily closed, due to government guidance on the unsafe nature of the building material RAAC . The dwellings affected were the Ziggurats (including both Norfolk and Suffolk Terrace), visiting person accommodation at Broadview Lodge and the top floor levels of both Constable Terrace and Nelson Court. Students were moved to alternative accommodation either on campus or off-campus. Vice-chancellor Professor Maguire noted that they would be closed "until we can be certain that they are safe" and that there would be "no additional costs to students as
8282-523: The temporary "University Village", which was officially opened by the chairman of the University Grants Committee , Keith Murray , on 29 September 1963. Sited on the opposite side of the Earlham Road to the present campus, this was a collection of prefabricated structures designed for 1,200 students, laid out by the local architectural firm Feilden and Mawson . There were no residences with
8383-401: The university and INTO UEA automatically become members of the union but do have the right to opt out of membership. Membership confers the ability to take part in the union's activities such as clubs and societies and being involved in the democratic processes of the union. The union is a democratic organisation run by its members via an elected student officer committee and student council. It
8484-491: The university celebrated its 50th-anniversary, ranking No. 1 in the Times Higher Education Magazine Student Experience league table. UEA also launched its first free Massive open online course (MOOC) in partnership with Future Learn . In 2014, UEA opened an environmentally friendly accommodation block (Crome Court) which has won a number of awards for sustainability. In the mid-2010s,
8585-495: The university to win a Civic Trust Award for the design of the main campus social area (The Square). In the mid-1970s, the School of Computing Sciences first opened at UEA and the university started offering postgraduate and undergraduate education degrees from Keswick Hall , a manor and country house that previously served as a residence of the Gurney family and housed the former Norwich Teacher Training College. The property
8686-496: The university's 25th-anniversary celebrations, King Charles III visited the CRU building. It has become one of the leading institutions worldwide concerned with the study of natural and anthropogenic climate change . Also in 1988, ten years after the Sainsbury Centre opened, all of the cladding had to be replaced with the aluminium panels having deteriorated beyond repair. In 1989, the British Centre for Literary Translation
8787-463: The vice-chancellor and administration being based in nearby Earlham Hall . UEA was one of the " plate glass universities " that were constructed during the decade to meet the demand for the expansion of higher education. In 1961, the first vice-chancellor, Frank Thistlethwaite , had approached architect Denys Lasdun , an adherent of the " New Brutalist " trend in architecture, who was at that time building Fitzwilliam College , to produce designs for
8888-497: The work of those involved in climate reconstruction and analysis of the effects on climate of greenhouse gas emissions . The UK Government ( Margaret Thatcher ) became a strong supporter of climate research in the mid-1980s. The first director of the unit was Professor Hubert Lamb , who had previously led research into climatic variation at the Met Office . He was then known as the " ice man " for his prediction of global cooling and
8989-490: The world Top 100 for research excellence in the Leiden Ranking , with UEA "often out-performing Russell Group universities". In 2022, UEA was ranked within the Top 50 globally for research citations by the Times Higher Education world rankings. In 2012, UEA was named the tenth best university in the world under 50-years-old and third best within the United Kingdom. In national league tables, UEA has been ranked within
9090-480: The world. In 1986 sea temperatures were added to form a synthesis of data which was the first global temperature record, demonstrating unequivocally that the globe has warmed by almost 0.8 °C over the last 157 years. From 1989 this work proceeded in conjunction with the Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research , and their work demonstrated global warming of almost 0.8 °C over
9191-539: Was acting director during investigations between December 2009 and July 2010. In 1984, the unit moved to a new cylindrical building designed by Rick Mather . In 2006, this was named the Hubert Lamb Building in honour of the first director. At the time of its establishment the CRU set out four key aims, which still remain valid: CRU produces a range of climate datasets, covering temperature, precipitation , pressure and circulation, both global and regional. One of
9292-472: Was an annual fundraising event for the Big C Cancer Charity and ran from 2006 to 2019. Students acquired a wheelbarrow and decorated it in accordance with their team's theme. They were then paraded around the local area, via a selection of local pubs and with a wheelbarrow race through Eaton Park . The annual Derby Day sports event involves UEA taking on the University of Essex in approximately 40 sports. UEA won
9393-839: Was appointed music adviser for UEA and in 1967, he conducted the UEA Choir in a performance of his composition War Requiem . In the early-1970s, UEA:TV (under the name of Nexus UTV ) was formed and created student-made television with it operating for two hours a day over lunchtime. The monthly student newspaper Concrete officially launched in 1973, replacing Mandate from 1965; issues have included interviews with Tony Blair , Nick Clegg , Paul McCartney , Coldplay , Stephen Fry , Michael Palin , Harrison Ford , Greg James , Charles Clarke and Max Mosley . Additional university publications included Phoenix , Can Opener , Mustard Magazine and Kett before Concrete re-launched in 1992. Authors Malcolm Bradbury and Angus Wilson both founded
9494-406: Was dubbed "Climategate". A series of independent public investigations of the allegations found no evidence of fraud or scientific misconduct. The Muir Russell report exonerated the scientists, but found "a consistent pattern of failing to display the proper degree of openness, both on the part of CRU scientists and on the part of the UEA". The scientific consensus that global warming is occurring as
9595-520: Was founded in the School of Literature, Drama and Creative Writing by W. G. Sebald , who taught European Literature. In 1987, the Arthur Miller Centre for American Studies was set up to facilitate the study of the United States. Miller later spent his 85th-birthday at UEA when he was made an honorary graduate in 2000. In 1990, the student radio station Livewire1350AM launched, completing UEA's Media Collective of print, television and radio. It
9696-597: Was founded; it currently has 60 members and rows year-round on the Yare River from September to July. The club has a boathouse and also has use of the UEA Sportspark on campus. In 1964, Arthur Miller 's The Crucible became the first drama production to be staged at UEA with John Rhys Davies , the drama society's first president and one of the first 105 students admitted to the university. In 1965, composer Benjamin Britten
9797-514: Was introduced in March 2012. It "includes the addition of newly digitised measurement data, both over land and sea, new sea-surface temperature bias adjustments and a more comprehensive error model for describing uncertainties in sea-surface temperature measurements". Overall, the net effect of HadCRUT4 versus HadCRUT3 is an increase in the average temperature anomaly , especially around 1950 and 1855, and less significantly around 1925 and 2005. HadCRUT3
9898-696: Was opened by Radio 1 DJ John Peel (who was awarded an honorary MA degree from UEA) and is now one of the longest running student radio stations in the country. In 1993, the Union of UEA Students took over the management of the Waterfront , a music venue and nightclub located on the bank of the River Wensum which has hosted bands and artists including Pulp , Radiohead , Nirvana , The Verve , Arctic Monkeys , The Prodigy , Amy Winehouse , Stereophonics , Paul Weller , Buzzcocks , MGMT , Travis , Moby , Ellie Goulding and Foals . In 1994, Queen Elizabeth II opened
9999-451: Was shot on location at the university and aired in October 2021. In 2023, the university entered a financial crisis when it made a £74m loss in the financial year ending on 31 July 2022. The university's income was £295m, but it spent £370m: 48% staff costs, 16% pension scheme provision, 26% other costs, 8% depreciation and 2% interest on loans. The university expected to make a £34m loss in
10100-432: Was sold off in 1981 after the college's amalgamation with the university due to an enforced closure. The UEA Broad was developed by Atlas Aggregates in conjunction with the university between August 1973 and June 1978. The project involved excavating an 18-acre (7.3-hectare) area of gravel and was arranged as part of a "no money" deal where the aggregate company took the material leaving a landscaped body of water fed by
10201-546: Was subsequently extended to span 1856–2002. HadCRUT1 at first combined two sea surface temperature datasets (MOHSST for 1881–1981 and GISST for 1981–1993) with an earlier land surface air temperature dataset from the Climatic Research Unit . The land surface air temperature dataset was replaced in 1995 with the newly published CRUTEM1 dataset. Its spatial grid boxes are 5° of latitude and longitude. The Climatic Research Unit had as an early priority
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