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32-511: Clemens Brentano was born to Peter Anton Brentano and Maximiliane von La Roche , a wealthy merchant family in Frankfurt on 9 September 1778. His father's family was of Italian descent. His maternal grandmother was Sophie von La Roche . His sister was writer Bettina von Arnim , who, at a young age, lionised and corresponded with Goethe , and, in 1835, published the correspondence as Goethes Briefwechsel mit einem Kinde (Goethe's correspondence with

64-684: A child). Clemens Brentano studied in Halle and Jena , afterwards residing at Heidelberg , Vienna and Berlin . He was close to Wieland , Herder , Goethe , Friedrich Schlegel , Fichte and Tieck . From 1798 to 1800 Brentano lived in Jena, the first center of the romantic movement. In 1801, he moved to Göttingen , and became a friend of Achim von Arnim . He married writer Sophie Mereau on 29 October 1803. In 1804, he moved to Heidelberg and worked with Arnim on Zeitungen für Einsiedler and Des Knaben Wunderhorn . After his wife Sophie died in 1806 he married

96-491: A friendship with her. She later used letters and memories in her fictionalised Goethes Briefwechsel mit einem Kinde ('Goethe's correspondence with a child', 1835), where she also wrote about her mother, a "great beauty" that appears "as in a dream". Geschichte vom braven Kasperl und dem sch%C3%B6nen Annerl Geschichte vom braven Kasperl und dem schönen Annerl (or The Story of Just Casper and Fair Annie in English)

128-418: A good friend of Wieland and his wife and died on their estate at the age of twenty-four. The third child was the writer Clemens Brentano , who became a major figure of German Romanticism. Probably in order to make life easier for their mother, Sophie and Clemens were sent to Koblenz in 1784, where they lived unhappily with their childless aunt Luise Möhn, who was married to a violent drinker. The fourth child

160-697: A later marriage between Maximiliane and his nephew von Strauß. However, Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal , the future Elector of Mainz , became aware of this plan. The engagement was then for political reasons and to further von Strauß's career. In 1772, the young poet and lawyer Johann Wolfgang von Goethe visited the La Roche family in Ehrenbreitstein, where he met the 16-year-old Maximiliane (generally known as "Maxe") and fell in love with her. Goethe described her later in his autobiography, Dichtung und Wahrheit ('Poetry and Truth'): "[H]is eldest daughter ...

192-419: A literary salon visited by many notable writers of the era. These visitors included the poets Goethe and Johann Georg Jacobi , both of whom fell in love with Maximiliane, who was described as graceful and charming. In 1774, she married an Italian-born businessman from Frankfurt, Peter Anton Brentano  [ de ] . Between 1775 and 1793, they had twelve children, of which eight survived to adulthood. In

224-796: A loving and caring mother. Six of her letters to Clemens, who was for a time at a boarding school in Mannheim, are extant, two of them in French. Brentano's early death had a great influence on her son Clemens. In his only novel, Godwi or the Stone Statue of the Mother: A Novel Run Wild  [ de ] , there are no motherly figures in any of the families. In 1806, Brentano's daughter Bettina found Goethe's letters to her grandmother that mentioned his love for Brentano. Fascinated by these, Bettina contacted Goethe's mother Catharina Elisabeth Goethe and struck up

256-761: A musical drama Die lustigen Musikanten (Frankfort, 1803). Of his dramas the best are Ponce de Leon (1804), Victoria und ihre Geschwister (Berlin, 1817) and Die Grundung Prags (Pesth, 1815). On the whole his finest work is the collection of Romanzen vom Rosenkranz (published posthumously in 1852); his short stories, and more especially the charming Geschichte vom braven Kasperl und dem schönen Annerl (1817), which has been translated into English, were very popular. Brentano's collected works, edited by his brother Christian, appeared at Frankfurt in 9 vols. (1851–1855). Selections have been edited by J. B. Diel (1873), M. Koch (1892), and J. Dohmke (1893). See J. B. Diel and William Kreiten , Klemens Brentano (2 vols, 1877–1878),

288-455: A potential bride. Another visitor was Sophie's former fiancé, the author Christoph Martin Wieland , who described Maximiliane as la petite Sylphide aux yeux noirs ('the little sylph with black eyes'). According to a letter written by Sophie von La Roche to Lavater after 1791, the dean of St. Leonhard, Frankfurt , Damian Friedrich Dumeiz, an old family friend, had already in 1771 arranged

320-471: A potential marriage for Maximiliane. The groom was the merchant Peter Anton Brentano  [ de ] , born 1735 in Tremezzo , who had moved to Frankfurt in 1751. Peter Brentano was widowed after the 1770 death of his first wife Maria Josepha Walpurga Brentano-Gnosso (known as Paula) and already had five children. He did not speak German well. Agreement on the marriage was reached before 20 December and

352-562: A second time in 1807 to Auguste Bussmann (whose half-sister, Marie de Flavigny, later by marriage the Countess Marie d'Agoult , would become the companion of pianist and composer Franz Liszt ). In the years between 1808 and 1818, Brentano lived mostly in Berlin , and from 1819 to 1824 in Dülmen , Westphalia . In 1818, weary of his somewhat restless and unsettled life, he returned to the practice of

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384-568: Is based on Charlotte Buff, but especially in the second part has more features of Maximiliane Brentano. Similarly, Lotte's fiancé Albert, based on Kestner, has much of the dryness and jealously of Peter Brentano. Lotte's dark ("black") eyes are generally considered to refer to Brentano's, as Charlotte Buff had blue eyes. Little of what is known about Brentano's life is from her own writing, although as of 2019, her correspondence with her father, which she conducted in French, had not yet been evaluated by scholars. Her letters to her children show her as

416-561: Is noted in Chapter XXI as one of the composer protagonist's most significant early works. [REDACTED] Category Maximiliane Brentano Maximiliane Brentano (4 May 1756 – 19 November 1793) was a German woman who is known for her friendship to the young Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and as the mother of the Romantic writers Clemens Brentano and Bettina von Arnim . Born in Mainz , she

448-693: The Catholic faith and withdrew to the monastery of Dülmen, where he lived for some years in strict seclusion. He took on there the position of secretary to the Catholic visionary nun, the Blessed Anne Catherine Emmerich . It was claimed that from 1802 until her death she bore the wounds of the Crown of Thorns , and from 1812 the full stigmata , a cross over her heart and the wound from the lance. Clemens Brentano made her acquaintance in 1818 and remained at

480-704: The cathedral . A portrait painting of her between her parents, Georg Michael Frank von La Roche with Wife and Daughter by Anton Wilhelm Tischbein was a copy probably made for her on the occasion of her wedding. Goethe was pleased at first that Maximiliane had moved to Frankfurt and was in regular contact with her and the family. She took part in an outing on the frozen Main river where Goethe went ice skating in January 1774. After initially being friendly with Goethe, Peter Brentano became increasingly suspicious and jealous and Goethe stopped visiting, possibly after being forced to do so due to an altercation. They met again at

512-447: The La Roche family moved to Ehrenbreitstein  [ de ] . Maximiliane also returned from Strasbourg to her family. In the same year, Sophie von La Roche published her first novel, Geschichte des Fräuleins von Sternheim  [ de ] ('The Story of Miss von Sternheim'), quickly making her famous. The La Roche residence became a literary salon known for Empfindsamkeit ('sentimentalism'). Visitors included

544-706: The boarding school of the St Barbara convent. When Stadion died in 1768, relations between his legitimate sons and La Roche were strained, and the family moved on to live in the Stadionsches Schloss  [ de ] , a castle in Bönnigheim , where Maximiliane's father had inherited a position from Stadion. In 1771, he became a high-ranking official as Geheimrat at the court of the Electorate of Trier , serving Archbishop-Elector Clemens Wenceslaus of Saxony , and

576-553: The books he attributed to Emmerich were actually his own creation and the works were discarded for her beatification process. The latter part of his life he spent in Regensburg , Frankfurt and Munich , actively engaged in promoting the Catholic faith. Brentano assisted Ludwig Achim von Arnim, his brother-in-law, in the collection of folk-songs forming Des Knaben Wunderhorn (1805–1808), which Gustav Mahler drew upon for his song cycle. In 1835, Swiss painter Emilie Linder , painted

608-401: The celebration of the golden wedding anniversary of the merchant Allesina on 3 May 1774. Maximiliane Brentano had twelve children, four of whom died young. For the birth of her first four children, she visited her mother in Ehrenbreitstein. The oldest child was Georg Brentano  [ de ] , later a businessman. He was followed by Sophie Brentano  [ de ] , who became

640-607: The engagement was made public on 26 December 1773. The couple were married on 9 January 1774 in the chapel of Schloss Philippsburg at Ehrenbreitstein. They lived in Nürnberger Hof  [ de ] in Frankfurt until 1778, when they moved to the Haus zum Goldenen Kopf in the Große Sandgasse road, which was located in central Frankfurt , close to the Goethe family residence and

672-570: The famous portrait of him. He died in Aschaffenburg . Brentano, whose early writings were published under the pseudonym Maria, belonged to the Heidelberg group of German romantic writers, and his works are marked by excess of fantastic imagery and by abrupt, bizarre modes of expression. His first published writings were Satiren und poetische Spiele (Leipzig, 1800), a romance Godwi oder Das steinerne Bild der Mutter (2 vols., Frankfort, 1801), and

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704-517: The first Catholic mayor of Frankfurt since the Reformation. Three further daughters died young: Caroline (1790–1791), Anna (1791–1792) and Susanna (May–September 1793). Soon after Susanna's death, on 19 November 1793, Maximiliane Brentano died in Frankfurt without a known previous illness. Goethe was motivated by the experience with Maximiliane and Peter Brentano to finish his novel The Sorrows of Young Werther . The main female character, Lotte,

736-597: The foot of the stigmatist's bed copying her dictation until 1824. When she died, he prepared an index of the visions and revelations from her journal, The Dolorous Passion of Our Lord Jesus Christ (published 1833). One of these visions made known by Brentano later resulted in the identification of the putative House of the Virgin Mary in Ephesus by Abbé Julien Gouyet, a French priest, during 1881. However, some posthumous investigations in 1923 and 1928 made it uncertain how much of

768-590: The introduction to Koch's edition, and R. Steig, A. von Arnim und K. Brentano (1894). In his honor the Clemens Brentano prize is awarded for German literature. Richard Strauss set six poems by Brentano in Sechs Lieder , Op. 68 , in 1918, which are also known as his Brentano Lieder. Brentano's work is referenced in Thomas Mann 's novel Doctor Faustus . A cycle of thirteen songs, based on Brentano's poems,

800-418: The poet Johann Georg Jacobi and his brother, the philosopher Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi ; the educational reformer Johann Bernhard Basedow ; the poet and theologian Johann Kaspar Lavater ; and the authors Johann Jakob Wilhelm Heinse , Franz Michael Leuchsenring , and Johann Heinrich Merck . The young Maximiliane was gracious and charming and popular with the visitors; Johann Georg Jacobi considered her as

832-463: The same year as the birth and death of her twelfth child, Brentano died. She is remembered as part of the inspiration for Goethe's novel The Sorrows of Young Werther , where the dark eyes of the female protagonist Lotte are based on hers, and through the writings of her children. Maximiliane Euphrosine von La Roche was born in Mainz on 4 May 1756. Her mother was the author Sophie von La Roche ( née  Gutermann von Gutershofen ) and her father

864-486: Was Georg Michael Frank von La Roche  [ de ] , an adopted and probably illegitimate son of Count Anton Heinrich Friedrich von Stadion  [ de ] , a high-ranking court official working for the Elector of Mainz . Maximiliane was baptised as a Catholic; the godparents were Maria Maximiliana von Stadion  [ de ] , the daughter of Stadion, and Euphrosyne Unold, Sophie's grandmother. Maximiliane

896-418: Was Kunigunde Brentano  [ de ] , who married the legal scholar Friedrich Carl von Savigny . The next child, Maria Brentano, died in Frankfurt at the age of three. Christian Brentano , the sixth child, was a Catholic writer who later edited the works of his brother Clemens. His children include the philosopher Franz Brentano and the economist and social reformer Lujo Brentano . The next child

928-558: Was born in Frankfurt, in the Haus zum Goldenen Kopf : the daughter Elisabeth Brentano , usually called Bettina or Bettine. She later married the writer Achim von Arnim ; they both became important protagonists of German Romanticism. Ludovica Brentano  [ de ] (1787–1854), known as Lulu, the eighth child, married the businessman Karl Jordis, who became the court banker of Jérôme Bonaparte , King of Westphalia. Her younger sister Meline Brentano (1788–1861) married Georg Friedrich von Guaita  [ de ] , who became

960-536: Was nothing else but amiable. She was rather short than tall of stature, and delicately built, her figure was free and graceful, her eyes very black, while nothing could be conceived purer and more blooming than her complexion." Goethe had shortly before spent much of the year in Wetzlar, where he had been a friend of Johann Christian Kestner and had fallen in love with Kestner's fiancée, Charlotte Buff . In 1773, acting on behalf of Sophie von La Roche, Dean Dumeiz arranged

992-526: Was the daughter of the Protestant author Sophie von La Roche and the Catholic civil servant and court official Georg Michael Frank von La Roche  [ de ] . From 1771, they lived in Ehrenbreitstein  [ de ] near Koblenz , where her father served at the court of the Electorate of Trier . Her mother published her first novel and became a famous author, and the family residence became

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1024-571: Was the oldest daughter among eight children, five of whom reached adulthood. While her father was Catholic, her mother was a Protestant and did not convert to Catholicism after her marriage. In Mainz, the family lived in the Stadioner Hof  [ de ] palace. After Stadion's 1761 retirement, they moved with him to Schloss Warthausen along with the rest of his family. From 1765, Maximiliane and her sister were educated in Strasbourg , at

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