Clarabelle Cow is a cartoon character created by The Walt Disney Company . As an anthropomorphic cow , Clarabelle is one of Minnie Mouse 's best friends. She was once depicted as the girlfriend of Horace Horsecollar , although now she is often paired with Goofy .
142-451: Clarabelle first appeared as a nonhumanized cow in the Mickey Mouse cartoon Plane Crazy in 1928. Humanized soon afterward, she appeared frequently in cartoons from 1930 to 1932 and less frequently afterwards, taking her final classic-era bow in 1942. As with most Disney characters, she was later given small cameos in the featurettes Mickey's Christmas Carol (1983) and The Prince and
284-511: A role model for children, they were limited in the types of gags they could present. This led to Mickey taking more of a secondary role in some of his next films, allowing for more emphasis on other characters. In Orphan's Benefit (1934), Mickey first appeared with Donald Duck who had been introduced earlier that year in the Silly Symphony series. The tempestuous duck would provide Disney with seemingly endless story ideas and would remain
426-638: A Christmas . Many television series have centered on Mickey, such as the ABC shows Mickey Mouse Works (1999–2000), House of Mouse (2001–2003), Disney Channel 's Mickey Mouse Clubhouse (2006–2016), Mickey Mouse Mixed-Up Adventures (2017–2021) and Mickey Mouse Funhouse (2021–present). Prior to all these, Mickey was also featured as an unseen character in the Bonkers episode "You Oughta Be In Toons". In 2013, Disney Channel started airing new 3-minute Mickey Mouse shorts, with animator Paul Rudish at
568-494: A Studio , in which he corrals the characters of Disney's animated features to take a group picture. Mickey first appeared in comics after he had appeared in 15 commercially successful animated shorts and was easily recognized by the public. Walt Disney was approached by King Features Syndicate with the offer to license Mickey and his supporting characters for use in a comic strip. Disney accepted and Mickey Mouse made its first appearance on January 13, 1930. The comical plot
710-500: A connection between San Fransokyo Square, Hollywood Land , and Avengers Campus . Starting in 2017, Cars Land receives Halloween decorations during Halloween Time at the Disneyland Resort . Two attractions, Luigi's Rollickin' Roadsters and Mater's Junkyard Jamboree, became Luigi's Honkin' Haul-O-Ween and Mater's Graveyard JamBOOree. Cars Land also receives holiday overlays, where Luigi's Rollickin' Roadsters becomes Luigi's Joy to
852-427: A detective in the style of Sherlock Holmes , in the modern era several editors and creators have consciously undertaken to depict a more vigorous Mickey in the mold of the classic Gottfredson adventures. This renaissance has been spearheaded by Byron Erickson , David Gerstein , Noel Van Horn , Michael T. Gilbert and César Ferioli . In Europe, Mickey Mouse became the main attraction of a number of comics magazines,
994-465: A falling out over money due Disney from the distribution deal. It was in response to losing the right to distribute Disney's cartoons that Powers made the deal with Iwerks, who had long harbored a desire to head his own studio. The departure is considered a turning point in Mickey's career, as well as that of Walt Disney. Walt lost the man who served as his closest colleague and confidant since 1919. Mickey lost
1136-598: A few segments of Mickey Mouse Works and in a brief scene in Mickey's Once Upon a Christmas . In House of Mouse , she regularly turned up as a gossip columnist with the tagline " Gossip is Always True". Clarabelle has also made appearances in the preschool series Mickey Mouse Clubhouse and is featured as Goofy's girlfriend (in which she owns a puppy named Bella) and in the direct-to-video movie Mickey, Donald, Goofy: The Three Musketeers as Pete's lieutenant and Goofy's love interest. She also appears in Mickey and
1278-504: A major overhaul of the park consisting of new expansion as well as re-construction of existing areas of the park. Construction lasted for five years and was completed in stages, culminating with the opening of Buena Vista Street and Cars Land along with the re-dedication of the park in June 2012. The most recent addition to the park was San Fransokyo Square, which opened in August 2023. In 2023
1420-775: A minor appearance in Kingdom Hearts II in the Timeless River World using her old black and white design. She appears with the same design in Kingdom Hearts III in the minigame "The Karnival Kid". Clarabelle is also seen in the Epic Mickey video games, as one of the forgotten characters that Mickey sees during his journey. She lives in OsTown, one of the games environs, and is known to be romantically involved with Horace Horsecollar. Mickey Mouse Mickey Mouse
1562-458: A modified name; Disney California Adventure. The Little Mermaid: Ariel's Undersea Adventure opened on the site formerly occupied by the Golden Dreams theater in June 2011. The most drastic changes to the park included a complete overhaul of the main entrance, Sunshine Plaza, and Paradise Pier and an expansion into the last of the parking area originally designated as future growth space for
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#17330924911381704-604: A multi-park resort complex as well. Disneyland was boxed-in, however, because of the growth of Anaheim around the park; while the Walt Disney World property was 30,000 acres at the time, the Disneyland site was about 400. This consisted of the park itself, the 100-acre parking lot, and the newly acquired Disneyland Hotel and vacation property from the Wrather Corporation. In 1991, Disney announced plans to build WestCOT ,
1846-403: A noted admirer of Chaplin's work, ascribing his development as a storytelling to the actor. In The American Magazine for March 1931, Disney explained, "I think we were rather indebted to Charlie Chaplin for the idea [of Mickey Mouse]. We wanted something appealing and we thought of a tiny bit of a mouse that would have something of the wistfulness of Chaplin ... a little fellow trying to do
1988-567: A number of themed kiosks, each featuring food and beverages from a particular aspect of California cuisine. Five and Dime is a traveling street show featuring Dime and her five band mates. They can be seen driving through Hollywood Land in their 1920s-style car and perform in Buena Vista Street on a stage in front of the Carthay Circle Restaurant, and World of Color is nighttime water and light show on Paradise Bay. During
2130-506: A pair of shorts with two large buttons in the front. Before Mickey was seen regularly in color animation, Mickey's shorts were either red or a dull blue-green. With the advent of Mickey's color films, they were always red. When Mickey is not wearing his shorts, he is often still wearing red clothing. Due to budgetary limits imposed by World War II , Mickey temporarily lost his tail, e.g. in The Little Whirlwind (1941). Mickey
2272-415: A pleasing angle, ears included, as opposed to depicting Mickey as a realistic 3D character. Mickey's eyes were originally large and white with black outlines, with the tops able to deform like eyebrows; the pupil was circular (with a triangle cut out in poster close-ups to simulate reflected light). Starting with Steamboat Willie , the bottom portion of the black outlines was removed, often making
2414-597: A rebellious hero. When not facing an opponent, Mickey is oft placed in situations where his pursuits of grandeur or simple accomplishment lead to disastrous results, typically at the hands of his own impulsivity, as was the case in The Sorcerer's Apprentice (1940) among others. Mickey is not portrayed as a hero in the traditional sense, instead acting as a subversion of the stock archetype. He often fumbles his way through adventures; his small size and misplaced optimism serving as his dominating flaws. His manner of problem-solving
2556-505: A recurring character in Mickey's cartoons. Mickey first appeared animated in color in Parade of the Award Nominees in 1932; however, the film strip was created for the 5th Academy Awards ceremony and was not released to the public. Mickey's official first color film came in 1935 with The Band Concert . The Technicolor film process was used in the film production. Here Mickey conducted
2698-404: A representation of Victorian seaside amusement parks of the 1920s, and some of the area's off-the-shelf rides were either removed outright, (such as Maliboomer ), or re-themed to have more of a focus on Disney characters (such as Mickey's Fun Wheel , Goofy's Sky School , and Silly Symphony Swings ). Cars Land , an area that recreates Radiator Springs from Pixar's Cars franchise, was added to
2840-452: A result, Mickey would soon become the most prominent animated character of the time. Walt Disney soon worked on adding sound to both Plane Crazy and The Gallopin' Gaucho (which had originally been silent releases) and their new release added to Mickey's success and popularity. A fourth Mickey short, The Barn Dance , was also put into production; however, Mickey does not actually speak until The Karnival Kid (1929). After Steamboat Willie
2982-592: A special award from the League of Nations for creating Mickey. The second half of the 1930s saw the character Goofy reintroduced as a series regular. Together, Mickey, Donald Duck, and Goofy would go on several adventures together. Several of the films by the comic trio are some of Mickey's most critically acclaimed films, including Mickey's Fire Brigade (1935), Moose Hunters (1937), Clock Cleaners (1937), Lonesome Ghosts (1937), Boat Builders (1938), and Mickey's Trailer (1938). Also during this era, Mickey
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#17330924911383124-632: A specialty until Murry's first serial for Walt Disney's Comics and Stories in 1953 ("The Last Resort"). In the same period, Romano Scarpa in Italy for the magazine Topolino began to revitalize Mickey in stories that brought back the Phantom Blot and Eega Beeva along with new creations such as the Atomo Bleep-Bleep. While the stories at Western Publishing during the Silver Age emphasized Mickey as
3266-455: A ventriloquist dummy companion to Donald Duck. In August 2018, ABC television announced a two-hour prime time special, Mickey's 90th Spectacular , in honor of Mickey's 90th birthday. The program featured never-before-seen short videos and several other celebrities who wanted to share their memories about Mickey Mouse and performed some of the Disney songs to impress Mickey. The show took place at
3408-591: A very uneven distribution where most people spent most of their time at Disneyland and Disney's California Adventure was empty. Now, half of the folks go to one, half of the folks go to the other. It's almost a dream come true." In 2015, the Condor Flats area of the park was re-themed into Grizzly Peak Airfield and was incorporated into the Grizzly Peak area. The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror closed in January 2017 and
3550-417: A west coast version of what was then known as EPCOT Center , on the site of Disneyland's parking lot. The price tag of the proposed park was high and the company was facing financial and public relation problems with the newly opened Euro Disneyland (now Disneyland Paris). Additionally, Disney president Frank Wells died in a helicopter crash in 1994. These issues led Disney to cancel WestCOT in 1995. In
3692-511: Is a meetable character at the Disney parks. He is one of the world's most recognizable and universally acclaimed fictional characters. Ten of Mickey's cartoons were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film , one of which, Lend a Paw , won the award in 1941 . In 1978, Mickey became the first cartoon character to have a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . Mickey Mouse
3834-554: Is a sub-land within Grizzly Peak, themed to an airfield in California's High Sierras in the late 1950s and early 1960s. The area's main attraction is Soarin' , which simulates a hang-glider tour of locations, landscapes and landmarks across six of the world's continents. The area also includes the Smokejumpers Grill restaurant, the shop Humphrey's Service & Supplies, and a decorative fire lookout tower . In August 2024, it
3976-406: Is a tribute to Route 66 and is a recreation of the town of Radiator Springs from Pixar 's Cars franchise on the town's big race day. The land spans 12 acres (49,000 m ) and contains three attractions. The largest attraction, Radiator Springs Racers , is a dark ride that utilizes the technology of Test Track at Epcot . With a budget of an estimated US$ 200 million, Radiator Springs Racers
4118-695: Is also home to The Bakery Tour . The Performance Corridor area hosts the park's parades and cavalcades, with most starting in Paradise Gardens Park and traveling north through the Performance Corridor towards Buena Vista Street . The Performance Corridor area hosts many of the Resort's seasonal and cultural celebrations throughout the year. Some of these celebrations include the Disney California Adventure Food & Wine Festival in
4260-668: Is also home to the 2000-seat Hyperion Theater , which most recently presented Rogers: The Musical . Disney Junior – Live on Stage! opened on March 25, 2011, in the Disney Theater, and has featured stage productions such as Mickey Mouse Clubhouse , Sofia the First , Doc McStuffins , and Jake and the Never Land Pirates . Its final day of performance was April 9, 2017. It was replaced by Disney Junior Dance Party, which opened on May 26, 2017, and currently features Mickey and
4402-461: Is an American cartoon character co-created in 1928 by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks . The longtime icon and mascot of the Walt Disney Company , Mickey is an anthropomorphic mouse who typically wears red shorts, large shoes, and white gloves. He is often depicted alongside his girlfriend Minnie Mouse , his pet dog Pluto , his friends Donald Duck and Goofy , and his nemesis Pete . Mickey
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4544-539: Is anchored around an Avengers campus located on the former restricted grounds of a California Stark Industries and Strategic Scientific Reserve complex. Attractions and restaurants include Guardians of the Galaxy – Mission: Breakout! , Web Slingers: A Spider-Man Adventure , the Ancient Sanctum , and Pym Test Kitchen. The area's shops include WEB Suppliers, Avengers Vault, and The Collector's Warehouse. Cars Land
4686-525: Is frequently pitted against larger-than-life villains to accentuate this idea; namely the hulking cat Pegleg Pete, and numerous one-shot antagonists such as the giants of Giantland (1933) and Brave Little Tailor (1938), the king of cards in Thru the Mirror (1936) and Mortimer Mouse in Mickey's Rival (1936). These adversaries were decidedly portrayed as overbearing figures of authority, thusly painting Mickey as
4828-453: Is generally unorthodox to comedic effect; in Ye Olden Days (1933), Mickey's jousting horse was an infantile mule. In Shanghaied (1934), Mickey battled with a broadbill in place of a sword. The underdog nature of Mickey's character has been interpreted by historians as a symbolic reflection of Walt Disney's early struggles as a farm boy breaking into the imposing Hollywood industry in
4970-599: Is inspired by the Golden Age of Hollywood in the 1930s. It includes attractions based on film, television, theater and a subsection called Hollywood Studios , which is designed to appear as an active studio backlot. Found within that subsection is the 3D film Mickey's PhilharMagic and the Monsters, Inc. Mike & Sulley to the Rescue! attraction, a dark ride based on the characters from Disney · Pixar 's Monsters, Inc. The land
5112-609: Is the first area seen upon entering the park. It represents Los Angeles in the 1920s, when Walt Disney first arrived there. Similar to Main Street, U.S.A. in Disneyland Park, it has shops, restaurants, and a transportation system. Its central hub has entrances to Hollywood Land and Grizzly Peak . In the hub's center, also known as Carthay Circle, is a replica of the Carthay Circle Theater , where Disney 's Snow White and
5254-435: Is the most expensive theme park ride ever built. The other attractions at Cars Land are family attractions with smaller height requirements: Mater's Junkyard Jamboree and Luigi's Rollickin' Roadsters . Mater's Junkyard Jamboree opened with Cars Land in 2012. Luigi's Rollickin' Roadsters opened on March 7, 2016, and replaced Luigi's Flying Tires . The land includes several dining and shopping venues. The district serves as
5396-539: Is themed after Disney's interpretation of California , by the use of Disney, Pixar and Marvel properties. The park opened on February 8, 2001, and is the second of two theme parks built at the Disneyland Resort complex, after Disneyland . The concept of a theme park dedicated to California arose from a meeting of Disney executives in 1995, following the cancellation of WestCOT , a planned West Coast version of Walt Disney World 's EPCOT Center . Construction of
5538-583: Is themed around California's wilderness and national parks, with particular references to Yosemite and Redwood national parks. Its main attraction is Grizzly River Run , a Gold Rush -esque river rapids ride around the area's summit. Nearby is the Redwood Creek Challenge Trail , a playground area with elements from Disney's Brother Bear (2003) and Pixar 's Up (2009). It has an entrance exclusively accessible to guests of Disney's Grand Californian Hotel & Spa . Grizzly Peak Airfield
5680-456: The Mickey Mouse comic strip , which ran for 45 years) and comic books (such as Mickey Mouse ). The character has also been featured in television series such as The Mickey Mouse Club (1955–1996). Inspired by such silent film personalities as Charlie Chaplin and Douglas Fairbanks , Mickey is traditionally characterized as a sympathetic underdog who gets by on pluck and ingenuity in
5822-545: The William Tell Overture , but the band is swept up by a tornado. It is said that conductor Arturo Toscanini so loved this short that, upon first seeing it, he asked the projectionist to run it again. In 1994, The Band Concert was voted the third-greatest cartoon of all time in a poll of animation professionals. By colorizing and partially redesigning Mickey, Walt put Mickey back on top once again. Mickey reach new heights of popularity. Also in 1935, Walt would receive
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5964-513: The Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles and was produced and directed by Don Mischer on November 4, 2018. On November 18, 2018, a 90th anniversary event for the character was celebrated around the world. In December 2019, both Mickey and Minnie served as special co-hosts of Wheel of Fortune for two weeks while Vanna White served as the main host during Pat Sajak 's absence. Mickey is
6106-676: The Superstar Limo ride, which were closed in 2001 and 2002, respectively. During the 2001 holiday season, Disney's LuminAria was presented on Paradise Bay. In October 2002, Flik's Fun Fair opened as part of the new A Bug's Land area, which added attractions for children, and in May 2004, The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror opened, with Who Wants to Be a Millionaire – Play It! closing in August 2004. The park also regularly featured seasonal promotions such as concert series, food festivals, and promotions for other Walt Disney Company franchises including
6248-530: The Walt Disney anthology television series , and on home video. Mickey returned to theatrical animation in 1983 with Mickey's Christmas Carol , an adaptation of Charles Dickens ' A Christmas Carol in which Mickey played Bob Cratchit . This was followed up in 1990 with The Prince and the Pauper . Throughout the decades, Mickey Mouse competed with Warner Bros.' Bugs Bunny for animated popularity. But in 1988,
6390-416: The X Games and ABC soap operas . Monsters, Inc. Mike & Sulley to the Rescue! opened in the former Superstar Limo building in January 2006. To all who come to this place of dreams, welcome. Disney California Adventure celebrates the spirit of optimism and the promise of endless opportunities, ignited by the imagination of daring dreamers such as Walt Disney and those like him who forever changed—and
6532-413: The pupils. His screen role as The Sorcerer's Apprentice , set to the symphonic poem of the same name by Paul Dukas , is perhaps the most famous segment of the film and one of Mickey's most iconic roles. The apprentice (Mickey), not willing to do his chores, puts on the sorcerer 's magic hat after the sorcerer goes to bed and casts a spell on a broom, which causes the broom to come to life and perform
6674-501: The starving artist drew inspiration from a tame mouse (or pair of mice) at his desk at Laugh-O-Gram Studio in Kansas City, Missouri , or that he undertook a romantic search for inspiration on the train ride home from his disappointing meeting with Mintz. At Disney's behest, Iwerks sketched new character ideas based on various animals such as dogs and cats, but none of these appealed to Disney. A female cow and male horse were rejected, as
6816-515: The 1920s. It has also been perceived as an allegory for the Great Depression in the United States , with Mickey's unrelenting optimism symbolizing the "American endurance to survive" in the face of economic woes. Charlie Chaplin, known by audiences of the time for his role as the " Little Tramp ", was identified by Disney as a source of inspiration for the Mickey character. Disney himself was
6958-470: The Cat ). From early 1929, Mickey also wore white gloves (similar to those appearing on later characters, e.g. Bosko and Bimbo ). Several sources state that this scheme evolved from blackface caricatures used in minstrel shows . Additionally, Mickey's original black hands could not be seen if they passed in front of his torso. This limitation encouraged animators to base their poses on silhouette , much in
7100-491: The DJ of the song "Miwaku No Tango" in the 2000 Japanese Nintendo 64 game Dance Dance Revolution Disney Dancing Museum . Clarabelle appears in Disney's Toontown Online . She plays the role of giving the player furniture to decorate their estates, with the catalog players must order from is a "Cattlelog". Her appearance is also somewhat changed to look like an operator. She also makes
7242-593: The Disneyland Resort in the summer of 2021, but ultimately were reinstated for indoor shops and attractions in July in response to the Delta variant. In February 2022, face masks were made optional for guests who are fully vaccinated. Disney California Adventure is divided into nine themed lands; Buena Vista Street , Hollywood Land , Avengers Campus , Cars Land , San Fransokyo Square, Performance Corridor, Pixar Pier , Paradise Gardens Park , and Grizzly Peak . Buena Vista Street
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#17330924911387384-496: The Frog . The two are established in the story as having been old friends, although they have not made any other appearance together outside of this. His most recent theatrical cartoon short was 2013's Get a Horse! which was preceded by 1995's Runaway Brain , while from 1999 to 2004, he appeared in direct-to-video features like Mickey's Once Upon a Christmas , Mickey, Donald, Goofy: The Three Musketeers and Mickey's Twice Upon
7526-561: The Galaxy – Mission: Breakout! then becoming part of it. San Fransokyo Square, a re-theme of the Pacific Wharf area, debuted in late August 2023. Disney California Adventure, along with Disneyland , was closed indefinitely starting on March 14, 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic . The park was scheduled to reopen alongside Disneyland on July 17, but due to rising cases in California , both parks remained closed. In October 2020, it
7668-632: The Lamplight Lounge. It is connected to Paradise Gardens Park at both ends; its main entrance is via a bridge under a large Pixar Pier gateway. Paradise Gardens Park has direct entrances to Pixar Pier , San Fransokyo Square and Grizzly Peak . Paradise Gardens Park is the main viewing area for the World of Color water show. Paradise Garden's attractions include Goofy's Sky School , Silly Symphony Swings , Jumpin' Jellyfish , Golden Zephyr , and The Little Mermaid: Ariel's Undersea Adventure . Grizzly Peak
7810-888: The Magic Kingdom in Walt Disney World. Also, they were in the Main Street Family Fun Day Parade. Clarabelle appears seasonally in "Mickey's Boo-to-You Halloween Parade", "Mickey's Once Upon a Christmastime Parade", and the "Mickey's Most Merriest Celebration" castle show. She and Horace both appear in the Hoedown Happening in Frontierland and as featured characters in the "Move It! Shake It! Mousekedance It!" street party, with Clarabelle in particular atop her own party box and with her own dialogue. Clarabelle also appears (without Horace) at Disneyland Park . She has also appeared in several Disneyland parades and shows over
7952-444: The Pauper (1990) and the 1988 feature film Who Framed Roger Rabbit . Clarabelle mostly played bit-parts in the 30+ films in which she appeared and her character was never as fully developed as Mickey , Minnie, Goofy, Donald Duck or Pluto . She and Horace Horsecollar changed from normal farmyard animals into anthropomorphized beings as necessary. In modern animation, Clarabelle has returned to active use, appearing first in
8094-534: The Roadster Racers , Doc McStuffins , and Vampirina . Next door to Disney Theater is the Animation Building, which hosts Sorcerer's Workshop (a walk-through exhibit focused on basic animation), Animation Academy (a workshop that teaches Guests how to draw popular Disney characters), Turtle Talk with Crush , and an Elsa & Anna Meet and Greet. Outside of the Animation Building and Disney Theater are
8236-401: The Roadster Racers , where she displays attraction towards both Goofy and Horace. When the Disney characters started to feature in comic strips and comic books, Clarabelle Cow was one of the first. Her first appearance was in the Mickey Mouse comic strip for April 2, 1930. Along with Horace Horsecollar, Clara Cluck , Goofy , Minnie, and Mickey, she appeared in comics on a regular basis in
8378-503: The Sea . The land closed in 2018 and reopened as Pixar Pier . A Bug's Land (stylized "a bug's land") was inspired by Pixar 's 1998 film A Bug's Life , where oversized human items were scattered throughout. It featured Flik's Fun Fair (a collection of themed, family and child-friendly attractions such as Flik's Flyers, Francis' Ladybug Boogie, Tuck & Roll's Drive 'em Buggies, Heimlich's Chew Chew Train , and Dot's Puddle Park). It opened as
8520-609: The Seven Dwarves debuted in 1937. Guests can ride from Buena Vista Street to the end of Hollywood Land on the Red Car Trolley . It stops at Kingswell Camera Shop, and the Carthay Circle Restaurant. Other restaurants along the street include Mortimer's Market; Trolley Treats; Clarabelle's Hand Scooped Ice Cream; and Fiddler, Fifer & Practical Cafe. Main stores along the street include Oswald's, Five & Dime, Big Top Toys, Kingswell Camera Shop, and Elias & Co. Hollywood Land
8662-496: The Whirl, and Mater's Junkyard Jamboree becomes Mater's Jingle Jamboree. Located between Cars Land and Pixar Pier , San Fransokyo Square is a waterfront neighborhood inspired by California's fishing wharfs. San Fransokyo, as seen in Disney 's 2014 film Big Hero 6 , is a combination of San Francisco and Tokyo . The story of San Fransokyo Square is set after the events of the film, with
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#17330924911388804-459: The back of Mickey's gloves represent darts in the gloves' fabric extending from between the digits of the hand, typical of glove design of the era. When the Cat's Away (April 18, 1929), essentially a remake of the Alice Comedy , "Alice Rattled by Rats", was an unusual appearance for Mickey. Although Mickey and Minnie still maintained their anthropomorphic characteristics, they were depicted as
8946-479: The best he could." American journalist Alva Johnston noted the similarities between the two figures, stating, "Chaplin was a kind of godfather to Mickey Mouse. It is now and always has been the aim of Disney to graft the psychology of Chaplin upon Mickey. The two universal characters have something in common in their approach to their problems. They have the same blend of hero and coward, nitwit and genius, mug and gentleman." Besides Chaplin, other notable figures of
9088-783: The cast of the strip which to this point only included Mickey and Minnie. Among the characters who had their first comic strip appearances in this story were Clarabelle Cow, Horace Horsecollar, and Black Pete as well as the debuts of corrupted lawyer Sylvester Shyster and Minnie's uncle Mortimer Mouse . The Death Valley narrative was followed by Mr. Slicker and the Egg Robbers , first printed between September 22 and December 26, 1930, which introduced Marcus Mouse and his wife as Minnie's parents. Starting with these two early comic strip stories, Mickey's versions in animation and comics are considered to have diverged from each other. While Disney and his cartoon shorts would continue to focus on comedy,
9230-462: The character's onscreen persona. Mickey's original design strongly resembled Oswald the Rabbit, save for the ears, nose, and tail. Ub Iwerks designed Mickey's body out of circles (distinctly, the ears) to make the character easy to animate. Upon his creation, Mickey's features shared similarities to a number of his cartoon predecessors with large eyes and mouth on a black body (e.g. Oswald and Felix
9372-443: The climax of Fantasmic! , an attraction at the Disney theme parks. After 1940, Mickey's popularity declined until his 1955 re-emergence as a daily children's television personality. Despite this, the character continued to appear regularly in animated shorts until 1943 (winning his only competitive Academy Award—with canine companion Pluto—for the short subject Lend a Paw ) and again from 1946 to 1952. In these later cartoons, Mickey
9514-651: The coast of California. The area is themed after films produced by Pixar Animation Studios , and is divided into four districts; Incredibles Park, Toy Story Boardwalk, Pixar Promenade, and Inside Out Headquarters. Its attractions include the Pixar Pal-A-Round , Incredicoaster , Jessie's Critter Carousel , Games of Pixar Pier , Toy Story Midway Mania , and the Inside Out Emotional Whirlwind. Its main stores are Knick's Knacks, Midway Mercantile, and Bing Bong's Sweet Stuff, and offers table-service dining at
9656-572: The comic strip effectively combined comedy and adventure. This adventurous version of Mickey would continue to appear in comic strips and later comic books throughout the 20th and into the 21st century. Floyd Gottfredson left his mark with stories such as Mickey Mouse Joins the Foreign Legion (1936) and The Gleam (1942). He also created the Phantom Blot , Eega Beeva , Morty and Ferdie, Captain Churchmouse, and Butch. Besides Gottfredson artists for
9798-671: The creation of Mickey Mouse. Despite being eclipsed by the Silly Symphony short the Three Little Pigs in 1933, Mickey still maintained great popularity among theater audiences too, until 1935, when polls showed that Popeye was more popular than Mickey. By 1934, Mickey merchandise had earned $ 600,000 a year. In 1935, Disney began to phase out the Mickey Mouse Clubs, due to administration problems. About this time, story artists at Disney were finding it increasingly difficult to write material for Mickey. As he had developed into
9940-574: The district was absorbed into the land. Caterpillar ended their sponsorship in 2007 and the area closed in 2010. It was replaced by Cars Land . A tribute to Bountiful Valley Farm can be found in Pym Test Kitchen in Avengers Campus on the labels of the enlarged ketchup and mustard bottles. Paradise Pier opened in 2001 with the park. It featured attractions such as California Screamin' , Maliboomer , The Sun Wheel and King Triton's Carousel of
10082-399: The eighteenth strip, Iwerks left and his inker, Win Smith, continued drawing the gag-a-day format." In early 1930, after Iwerks' departure, Disney was at first content to continue scripting the Mickey Mouse comic strip, assigning the art to Win Smith. However, Disney's focus had always been in animation and Smith was soon assigned with the scripting as well. Smith was apparently discontent at
10224-505: The eighties forward, only a few stories with Clarabelle Cow were made in the United States. In Europe, especially in Italy, the production of stories continued to the present day. In Italian comics, Clarabelle (called Clarabella ) is very popular and she is the girlfriend of Horace Horsecollar ( Orazio Cavezza ). From September 2006 to September 2008, Clarabelle Cow and Horace Horsecollar appeared together for meet-and-greets in Town Square at
10366-665: The exception of Carnation Cafe in Main Street, U.S.A. , River Belle Terrace in Frontierland , Club 33 , Blue Bayou Restaurant and Café Orleans in New Orleans Square , and Oga's Cantina in Star Wars : Galaxy's Edge ), Disney California Adventure serves beer, wine, and cocktails throughout its restaurants, stands, and food kiosks. The park also hosts the Disney California Adventure Food & Wine Festival , an annual event featuring
10508-483: The face of challenges bigger than himself. The character's depiction as a small mouse is personified through his diminutive stature and falsetto voice, the latter of which was originally provided by Walt Disney. Though originally characterized as a cheeky lovable rogue , Mickey was rebranded over time as a more conventionally friendly protagonist, usually seen as a spirited, yet impulsive hero . Mickey also appears in media such as video games as well as merchandising and
10650-541: The fifties, sixties and seventies. For a brief time, during the late 1960s, Clarabelle began dating Goofy. During this time, Horace's whereabouts are unknown. Clarabelle's status with Goofy was challenged by a rival named Glory-Bee. In later comics, Clarabelle and Horace were a couple again. Clarabelle also has a young cousin, Bertie the Jinx, a niece, Itsy-Betsy, and a socialite aunt named Miss Bovina, who have appeared in several issues of Walt Disney's Comics and Stories . From
10792-418: The first issues were sold out in less than 8 hours. Mickey is traditionally characterized as a sympathetic underdog who gets by on pluck and ingenuity in the face of challenges much bigger than himself. As a mouse, an inherently vulnerable creature, Mickey is often depicted as having minimal resources and attributes at his disposal. Consequently, he must rely on sheer wit to overcome obstacles. The character
10934-405: The first to place him in combat. The Karnival Kid (1929) was the first time Mickey spoke. Before this he had only whistled, laughed, and grunted. His first words were "Hot dogs! Hot dogs!" said while trying to sell hot dogs at a carnival. Mickey's Follies (1929) introduced the song " Minnie's Yoo-Hoo " which would become the theme song for Mickey Mouse films until 1935. The same song sequence
11076-521: The first weeks after the park opens, during spring break and again in the summer." The attendance that year was substantially less than expected, however. This is suggested to have happened as a result of negative reviews from early visitors. For example, Disney had originally planned the park to be aimed at adults, rather than children and families, which became the basis of significant criticism. The park opened to 5 million visitors in 2001 while its sister park Disneyland saw 12.3 million visitors during
11218-408: The head animator, assisted by Les Clark , Johnny Cannon, Wilfred Jackson and Dick Lundy . This short was a nod to Buster Keaton 's Steamboat Bill, Jr. , released earlier that year. Although it was the third Mickey cartoon produced, it was the first to find a distributor, and thus is considered by The Disney Company as Mickey's debut. It also featured some design refinements, and included
11360-470: The helm, incorporating elements of Mickey's late twenties-early thirties look with a contemporary twist. On November 10, 2020, the series was revived as The Wonderful World of Mickey Mouse and premiered on Disney+ . Furthermore, The creative team behind the 2017 DuckTales reboot had hoped to have Mickey Mouse in the series, but this idea was rejected by Disney executives. However, a watermelon bearing Mickey's physical likeness appears in one episode as
11502-472: The lack of attractions appealing to children and the lack of a nighttime show or parade to keep visitors from leaving at nightfall. Within the first year of operation, Disney's Electrical Parade was brought to the park (where it ran until 2010 ) as well as Who Wants to Be a Millionaire – Play It! , and several of the park's original rides and attractions were closed, such as the stage show Disney's Steps in Time and
11644-702: The land's two main stores: Off the Page and Gone Hollywood. The restroom facilities in the district are designed in the style of Frank Lloyd Wright 's Storer House , located in the Hollywood Hills area of Los Angeles. The stamped concrete structure is typical of Wright's pioneering design. Avengers Campus is inspired by the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), featuring attractions based on characters originating from Marvel Comics and appearing in MCU media. The area
11786-559: The man responsible for his original design and for the direction or animation of several of the shorts released till this point. Advertising for the early Mickey Mouse cartoons credited them as "A Walt Disney Comic, drawn by Ub Iwerks". Later Disney Company reissues of the early cartoons tend to credit Walt Disney alone. Wild Waves was also composer Carl Stalling 's last film with the Walt Disney Studio . Stalling joined Iwerks at his new studio. Disney and his remaining staff continued
11928-424: The manner of Charlie Chaplin films. Minnie Mouse was designed similarly to Mickey, with only superficial details being different. In the 1930s, animator Fred Moore tried giving Mickey's body more of a pear shape to increase his acting range; Walt Disney liked this adaptation and declared, "that's the way I want Mickey to be drawn from now on." Moore maintained that the character should always be drawn from
12070-605: The most famous being Topolino in Italy from 1932 onward, Le Journal de Mickey in France from 1934 onward, Don Miki in Spain and the Greek Miky Maous . Mickey was the main character for the series MM Mickey Mouse Mystery Magazine , published in Italy from 1999 to 2001. In 2006, he appeared in the Italian fantasy comic saga Wizards of Mickey . In 1958, Mickey Mouse
12212-401: The most tiring chore—filling up a deep well using two buckets of water. When the well eventually overflows, Mickey finds himself unable to control the broom, leading to a near-flood. After the segment ends, Mickey is seen in silhouette shaking hands with conductor Leopold Stokowski . Mickey has often been pictured in the red robe and blue sorcerer's hat in merchandising. It was also featured into
12354-631: The name on a similarly named Performo toy . Additionally, actor Mickey Rooney claimed that during his time performing as the title character of the Mickey McGuire film series (1927–1934), he met Walt Disney at the Warner Bros. studio, inspiring Disney to name the character after him; however, Disney Studios was located on Hyperion Avenue at the time, with Disney conducting no business at Warner Bros. The first feature-length movie with dialogue sequences, The Jazz Singer starring Al Jolson ,
12496-498: The park began in June 1998 and was completed by early 2001. Disney initially projected high attendance rates at the new park; a series of preview openings held in January 2001 led to negative reviews, however, and after the park officially opened to the public, the company's attendance projections were never met. Disney spent the next several years incrementally adding new rides, shows, and attractions, and implementing other promotions aimed at boosting attendance. In 2007, Disney announced
12638-718: The park from March 18 through April 19, 2021. On March 5, 2021, it was announced by the California Department of Public Health that Disney California Adventure was allowed to reopen with capacity restrictions beginning April 1, 2021. Then-Disney CEO Bob Chapek then announced the following week that the company planned on officially reopening the park in late April 2021. On March 17, 2021, Disney Parks, Experiences and Products announced that both Disney California Adventure and Disneyland would officially reopen on April 30, 2021, with limited capacity and social distancing and mask guidelines in effect. Mask policies were relaxed at
12780-500: The park hosted approximately 10 million guests, making it the 11th-most visited theme park in the world that year. The present-day site of Disney California Adventure was acquired by Walt Disney in the 1950s and functioned as the parking lot of Disneyland for over 40 years. After succeeding with the multi-park business model at Walt Disney World resort in Florida, the Disney company decided to turn Walt Disney's original theme park into
12922-426: The park's first expansion in 2002 to expand the park's family-friendly attractions. The land was built around the existing attraction It's Tough to Be a Bug! , a 3D film based on A Bug's Life , which opened with the park in 2001. It's Tough to Be a Bug! closed on March 19, 2018. The rest of A Bug's Land closed on September 4, 2018, to make way for Avengers Campus . When A Bug's Land closed in 2018, Flik's Flyers
13064-561: The park, citing low crowds, though Mondavi remained as a sponsor. In the 2019 documentary series The Imagineering Story , then- Walt Disney Imagineering creative executive Kevin Rafferty described how he and other Imagineers felt about the original entrance design of California Adventure: Much to our chagrin, it didn't adhere to our fundamental design principles of theme park design. There were all these visual cues that were kind of contradictory. There were great big California letters. There
13206-519: The park. As an adult-oriented park-like Epcot, dining, and shopping were the design focus. Construction of the park began on January 22, 1998. On Main Street, U.S.A. in Disneyland, a Disney's California Adventure Preview Center opened in October 1998. The park's construction was accompanied by Downtown Disney and Disney's Grand Californian Hotel , in addition to renovation of the Disneyland Hotel and
13348-460: The park. The main entrance and Sunshine Plaza were changed from a giant postcard design into Buena Vista Street , a representation of Los Angeles as it appeared when Walt Disney moved there in the 1920s. The giant "California" letters in front of the turnstiles were removed and donated to Cal Expo in Sacramento. Paradise Pier was turned from a contemporary representation of California boardwalks into
13490-415: The price would have cost as much as completely remodeling California Adventure. On October 17, 2007, The Walt Disney Company announced a multi-year, $ 1.1 billion redesign and expansion plan for Disney's California Adventure Park (against its initial $ 600 million cost to build). Each district was reimagined to transform the park from a spoof of modern California culture to a romanticized, idealized version of
13632-482: The production of the Mickey series, and he was able to eventually find a number of animators to replace Iwerks. As the Great Depression progressed and Felix the Cat faded from the movie screen, Mickey's popularity would rise, and by 1932 The Mickey Mouse Club would have one million members. At the 5th Academy Awards in 1932, Mickey received his first Academy Award nomination, received for Mickey's Orphans (1931). Walt Disney also received an honorary Academy Award for
13774-457: The prospect of having to script, draw, and ink a series by himself as evidenced by his sudden resignation. Disney then searched for a replacement among the remaining staff of the Studio. He selected Floyd Gottfredson , a recently hired employee. At the time Gottfredson was reportedly eager to work in animation and somewhat reluctant to accept his new assignment. Disney had to assure him the assignment
13916-489: The pupil placement look strange. The pupils began to be treated as stationary, dotlike eyes, requiring the entire head to be moved to make Mickey look around. During the production of Fantasia in the late 1930s, Fred Moore redesigned Mickey with small white pupilled eyes, with the redefined facial area being given a light skin color. Distinct, lined eyebrows were later added and are currently used occasionally. Besides Mickey's gloves and shoes, he typically wears only
14058-536: The re-theming of the Disneyland Pacific Hotel into Disney's Paradise Pier Hotel (known today as Pixar Place Hotel). The park was expected to draw large crowds when it opened on February 8, 2001. There were four districts with 22 shows and attractions and 15 restaurants. On January 14, a Los Angeles Times article stated, "Senior Disney officials acknowledge that there will be days when California Adventure will have to turn patrons away, particularly in
14200-521: The same time frame. Low attendance caused Disney to lower ticket prices for California Adventure, slashing as much as $ 10 off the park's ticket prices. In its first year, the park averaged 5,000 to 9,000 visitors on weekdays and 10,000 to 15,000 on the weekends, despite having a capacity of 33,000. Visitor surveys reported that 20% of visitors to the park in its first year were satisfied with their experience. By October 2001, both Wolfgang Puck and Robert Mondavi had closed their high-profile restaurants in
14342-496: The several attractions to do in California. Based on this, Disney decided it would instead build a park themed to California's history and culture to keep guests at the resort instead of going off-site. This would require less expensive hotels, a single parking garage, and very little additional property acquisition, with most of the park residing on the Disneyland parking lot. Then-Disneyland president Paul Pressler relied on merchandising and retail staff instead of Imagineers to design
14484-459: The silent era have been credited to Mickey's characterization. Chief among them was Douglas Fairbanks , whose swashbuckling screen adventures would inspire Mickey's animated epics . Ub Iwerks wrote in 1970, "He was the super-hero of his day, always winning, gallant and swashbuckling. Mickey's action was in that vein. He was never intended to be a sissy, he was always an adventurous character. I thought of him in that respect, and I had him do naturally
14626-407: The size of regular mice and living with a community of many other mice as pests in a home. Mickey and Minnie would later appear the size of regular humans in their own setting. In appearances with real humans, Mickey has been shown to be about two to three feet high. The next Mickey short was also unusual. The Barnyard Battle (April 25, 1929) was the only film to depict Mickey as a soldier and also
14768-500: The sort of thing Doug Fairbanks would do." Disney was also noted to have been influenced by Fairbanks, along with other screen personalities including Harold Lloyd and Fred Astaire . Disney California Adventure Disney California Adventure is a theme park at the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California . It is owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company through its Experiences division. The 72-acre (29 ha) park
14910-582: The sound synchronized throughout the film. For Willie , Disney had the sound recorded with a click track that kept the musicians on the beat. This precise timing is apparent during the "Turkey in the Straw" sequence when Mickey's actions exactly match the accompanying instruments. Animation historians have long debated who had served as the composer for the film's original music. This role has been variously attributed to Wilfred Jackson, Carl Stalling and Bert Lewis, but identification remains uncertain. Walt Disney himself
15052-405: The southeast portion of the park and features three rides, including the E ticket Radiator Springs Racers . Construction was completed in 2012 and the park was then re-dedicated on June 15, 2012. The redesign and expansion of the park saw attendance rates increase dramatically. In 2012, Disney California Adventure reached a record high for the park of over 7 million visitors (a 23% increase from
15194-665: The spring, the Dia de los Muertos celebration during the fall (with two shows, A Musical Celebration of Coco and Mariachi Divas ), the Festival of the Holidays (with "Disney Viva Navidad Street Party" and "Mickey's Happy Holidays"), and the Lunar New Year Festival (with "Mulan's Lunar New Year Processional"). The area has no attractions, but several dining locations. Pixar Pier is inspired by Victorian boardwalks that were once found along
15336-524: The state, exploring specific time periods and historic settings inspired by Disney and Pixar stories. The project began in December 2007 and was completed in stages. Toy Story Midway Mania! opened in Paradise Pier in June 2008, in space formerly occupied by a store and restaurants. World of Color , nighttime water and lights show on Paradise Bay, opened in June 2010. That same year, the park also received
15478-489: The strip over the years included Roman Arambula, Rick Hoover, Manuel Gonzales , Carson Van Osten , Jim Engel, Bill Wright, Ted Thwailes and Daan Jippes ; writers included Ted Osborne , Merrill De Maris , Bill Walsh , Dick Shaw, Roy Williams , Del Connell, and Floyd Norman . The next artist to leave his mark on the character was Paul Murry in Dell Comics . His first Mickey tale appeared in 1950 but Mickey did not become
15620-659: The subject of the 2022 documentary film Mickey: The Story of a Mouse , directed by Jeff Malmberg. Premiering at the South by Southwest film festival prior to its premiere on the Disney+ streaming service, the documentary examines the history and cultural impact of Mickey Mouse. The feature is accompanied by an original, hand-drawn animated short film starring Mickey titled Mickey in a Minute . Mickey appeared in Walt Disney Animation Studios' centennial short film, Once Upon
15762-511: The summer of 1995, Michael Eisner , Disney's CEO at the time, gathered company executives in Aspen, Colorado , to think of another idea for a second theme park in California. They broke down the Disneyland problem as follows: The majority of the people visiting Disneyland consisted primarily of California residents, locals, or those traveling from nearby states. Those who were visiting from another state or another country, probably had Disneyland as one of
15904-559: The two rivals finally shared screen time in the Robert Zemeckis Disney / Amblin film Who Framed Roger Rabbit . Disney and Warner signed an agreement stating that each character had the same amount of screen time in the scene. Similar to his animated inclusion into a live-action film in Roger Rabbit , Mickey made a featured cameo appearance in the 1990 television special The Muppets at Walt Disney World where he met Kermit
16046-467: The use of a bouncing ball on the film print to allow conductors and musicians to match the tempo of their music with the film. The cartoon was not the first cartoon to feature a soundtrack connected to the action. Fleischer Studios , headed by brothers Dave and Max Fleischer , had already released a number of sound cartoons using the DeForest system in the mid-1920s. However, these cartoons did not keep
16188-596: The waterfront neighborhood holding a celebration in honor of the Big Hero 6 superhero team. Most of the signage in the area includes Japanese translations. The area's restaurants include Ghirardelli Soda Fountain and Chocolate Shop, Lucky Fortune Cookery, Aunt Cass Café ( Boudin Bakery ), Rita's Turbine Blenders, Cocina Cucamonga Mexican Grill, and Port of San Fransokyo Cervecería ( Karl Strauss Brewing Company ). The area's shops include San Fransokyo Maker's Market. San Fransokyo Square
16330-508: The year before), a number Disney had hoped the park would attain in its first year. The day of the park's rededication saw the park draw a record number of 43,000 visitors in one day. The night before the rededication, over 500 people camped outside of the park in order to be the first admitted in. Two days later, the park hit a new record of 45,000 visitors. In 2013, speaking on the attendance increase at Disney California Adventure, Jay Rasulo , then-Disney's chief financial officer, said: "We had
16472-578: The years, including The World According to Goofy , Light Magic , the Parade of the Stars, Fantasmic , A Christmas Fantasy Parade and Celebrate! A Street Party. Clarabelle and Horace come out for meet-and-greets and appear in parades and shows on a regular basis at Tokyo Disneyland as well. In 2009, Clarabelle played a leading character in the New Year's Greeting at Tokyo Disneyland and Tokyo DisneySea. Clarabelle Cow
16614-436: Was a male frog. In 1925, Hugh Harman drew some sketches of mice around a photograph of Walt Disney, reputedly based on Disney's own designs (similar to those he included on family birthday cards). These inspired Iwerks to create a new mouse character for Disney. "Mortimer Mouse" had been Disney's original name for the character before his wife, Lillian , convinced him to change it. It has been speculated that Disney saw
16756-668: Was a stylized Golden Gate Bridge that was kind of foreshortened and was kind of fake and suggested that this wasn't a real place, and the supergraphics on the toy store. And the first statement that you saw when you walked into the gate with the sharp sun. And you know, frankly, you could have seen that at a shopping mall in Newport Beach . It's like 'why is it here?' Reflecting on the park's initial reception in The Imagineering Story , Barry Braverman, executive producer of California Adventure (1995–2001) stated; What we really had
16898-616: Was also later reused with different background animation as its own special short shown only at the commencement of 1930s theater-based Mickey Mouse Clubs. Mickey's dog Pluto first appeared as Mickey's pet in The Moose Hunt (1931) after previously appearing as Minnie's dog "Rover" in The Picnic (1930). Wild Waves was the last Mickey Mouse cartoon to be animated by Ub Iwerks . Iwerks left to start his own studio, bankrolled by Disney's then-distributor Pat Powers . Powers and Disney had
17040-516: Was announced that Buena Vista Street would open as an expansion of the Downtown Disney District . This expansion would allow for additional shops and dining options for visitors to the Disneyland Resort, while the parks remained closed under State guidelines. In February 2021, Disney California Adventure announced there would be a limited-capacity ticketed event called "A Touch of Disney", which would allow Disney fans to shop and eat around
17182-460: Was announced that the park will receive two new attractions for Avengers Campus , with construction scheduled to start on them in 2025, as well as a ride based on Pixar 's 2017 film Coco , which is scheduled to start construction in 2026. In addition, it was announced that the park will receive an area inspired by the film Avatar: The Way of Water (2022), its upcoming sequel Fire and Ash (2025), and future Avatar films. Sunshine Plaza
17324-734: Was chosen to meet and greet for Character Fan Days at Disneyland. She is accompanied by Horace Horsecollar which is his first meet and greet at Disneyland in Anaheim. At Disney California Adventure at the Disneyland Resort , in the Buena Vista Street area there is an ice cream shop named Clarabelle's Hand-Scooped Ice Cream . She also features with Horace in Mickey's Halloween Celebration and Goofy's Garden Party in Disneyland Paris . In Christmas 2016, Clarabelle returned to Magic Kingdom for Mickey's Most Merriest Celebration . Clarabelle appeared as
17466-512: Was created as a replacement for Oswald the Lucky Rabbit , an earlier cartoon character that was created by the Disney studio but owned at the time by Universal Pictures . Charles Mintz served as a middleman producer between Disney and Universal through his company, Winkler Pictures, for the series of cartoons starring Oswald. In a February 1928 meeting with Mintz to renew the Oswald contract, Disney
17608-632: Was created as a replacement for a prior Disney character, Oswald the Lucky Rabbit . The character was originally to be named "Mortimer Mouse", until Disney's wife, Lillian , suggested "Mickey". Mickey first appeared in two 1928 shorts Plane Crazy and The Gallopin' Gaucho (which were not picked up for distribution) before his public debut in Steamboat Willie (1928). The character went on to appear in over 130 films, mostly shorts as well as features such as Fantasia (1940). Since 1930, Mickey has been featured extensively in comic strips (including
17750-477: Was credited to Disney himself, art to Ub Iwerks and inking to Win Smith . The first week or so of the strip featured a loose adaptation of Plane Crazy . Minnie soon became the first addition to the cast. The strips first released between January 13, 1930, and March 31, 1930, have been occasionally reprinted in comic book form under the collective title Lost on a Desert Island . Animation historian Jim Korkis notes, "After
17892-504: Was first seen in a test screening of the cartoon short Plane Crazy , on May 15, 1928, but it failed to impress the audience and Walt could not find a distributor for it. Walt went on to produce a second Mickey short, The Gallopin' Gaucho , which was also not released for lack of a distributor. Steamboat Willie was first released on November 18, 1928, in New York. It was co-directed by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks. Iwerks again served as
18034-507: Was forever changed by—The Golden State. This unique place embraces the richness and diversity of California... Its land, its people, its stories, and, above all, the dreamers it continues to inspire. By 2007, Disney began making plans for major updates to the park. CEO Bob Iger said, "Any time you do something mediocre with your brand, that's withdrawal. California Adventure was a brand withdrawal." Iger briefly considered combining California Adventure and Disneyland Park into one large park, but
18176-504: Was introduced to the Arab world through another comic book called "Sameer". He became very popular in Egypt and got a comic book with his name. Mickey's comics in Egypt are licensed by Disney and were published since 1959 by "Dar Al-Hilal" and they were successful, however Dar Al-Hilal stopped the publication in 2003 because of problems with Disney. The comics were re-released by "Nahdat Masr" in 2004 and
18318-407: Was locals who love Disneyland for good reason, basically faced with a choice. Are you going to go to Disneyland or to California Adventure? Equally priced. One with one-third as many attractions, and fewer characters, and things that were intentional on our part to differentiate it. And that's a competition that California Adventure couldn't win. Two major criticisms of the park in its first year were
18460-493: Was met by a disappointing budget cut proposal, along with Mintz's revelation that several of the most important Disney animators were coming over to his studio. Among the few who stayed at the Disney studio were animator Ub Iwerks , apprentice artist Les Clark , and Wilfred Jackson . A new character was workshopped out of necessity and in relative secret. Various myths exist of Walt Disney's inspiration for Mickey (including some which were likely ghostwritten ), such as that
18602-421: Was often characterized not as a hero, but as an ineffective young suitor to Minnie Mouse. The Barn Dance (March 14, 1929) is the first time in which Mickey is turned down by Minnie in favor of Pete . The Opry House (March 28, 1929) was the first time in which Mickey wore his white gloves. Mickey wears them in almost all of his subsequent appearances and many other characters followed suit. The three lines on
18744-532: Was often just a supporting character in his own shorts. Pluto was instead used as the main character. The last regular installment of the Mickey Mouse film series came in 1953 with The Simple Things in which Mickey and Pluto go fishing and are pestered by a flock of seagulls . In the 1950s, Mickey became more known for his appearances on television, particularly with The Mickey Mouse Club . Many of his theatrical cartoon shorts were rereleased on television series such as Ink & Paint Club , various forms of
18886-544: Was only temporary and that he would eventually return to animation. Gottfredson accepted and ended up holding this "temporary" assignment from May 5, 1930, to November 15, 1975. Walt Disney's last script for the strip appeared May 17, 1930. Gottfredson's first task was to finish the storyline Disney had started on April 1, 1930. The storyline was completed on September 20, 1930, and later reprinted in comic book form as Mickey Mouse in Death Valley . This early adventure expanded
19028-402: Was primarily an outdoor food court . In September 2022, it was announced that Pacific Wharf would be re-themed to San Fransokyo, a combination of San Francisco and Tokyo , as seen in Disney 's 2014 film Big Hero 6 . In February 2023, it was announced that the name of the re-themed area would be San Fransokyo Square. The area debuted on August 31, 2023. Unlike Disneyland Park (with
19170-481: Was re-themed into Inside Out Emotional Whirlwind, inspired by Pixar's 2015 film Inside Out , and relocated to Pixar Pier . Located between Cars Land and Pixar Pier , Pacific Wharf was themed to resemble the old waterfront of Monterey, California as a tribute to its fishing industry. Its attractions were The Bakery Tour and the Walt Disney Imagineering Blue Sky Cellar . This area
19312-401: Was released on October 6, 1927. Several additional talkies followed, and movie theaters began installing the necessary equipment. Walt Disney reputedly discussed making sound cartoons in late May 1928. After composer Carl W. Stalling initially voiced Mickey for the 1929 talkie shorts The Karnival Kid and Wild Waves , Disney himself provided the often-shy falsetto voice—a large part of
19454-430: Was released, Mickey became a close competitor to Felix the Cat, and his popularity would grow as he was continuously featured in sound cartoons. By 1929, Felix would lose popularity among theater audiences, and Pat Sullivan decided to produce all future Felix cartoons in sound as a result. Audiences did not respond well to Felix's transition to sound and by 1930, Felix had faded from the screen. In Mickey's early films he
19596-560: Was removed to make room for Avengers Campus . In addition, Jessie's Critter Carousel (a re-theme of King Triton's Carousel of the Sea) officially opened in Pixar Pier in April 2019, and A Bug's Land spinner ride Flik's Flyers was re-themed into Inside Out Emotional Whirlwind and relocated to Pixar Pier later that year at the former site of Maliboomer . Avengers Campus opened in 2021, with Guardians of
19738-407: Was replaced with Guardians of the Galaxy – Mission: Breakout! , which opened in summer of the same year. Pixar Pier , a re-theme of Paradise Pier, debuted in June 2018, with the area that includes Silly Symphony Swings , Jumpin' Jellyfish , Goofy's Sky School , Golden Zephyr and The Little Mermaid: Ariel's Undersea Adventure becoming Paradise Gardens Park . In September 2018, A Bug's Land
19880-443: Was the first land guests would find after entering Disney California Adventure. It featured two stores, Engine Ears Toys and Greetings from California. At the center of the plaza was the "Sun Icon". The land closed in 2010 and was replaced by Buena Vista Street in 2012. Bountiful Valley Farm was a themed area presented by Caterpillar . It featured farm equipment, different crops, and fake animals. When A Bug's Land opened in 2002,
20022-459: Was the star in Brave Little Tailor (1938), an adaptation of The Valiant Little Tailor , which was nominated for an Academy Award. In 1939, Mickey appeared in Mickey's Surprise Party , along with Minnie, with a new design, which included pupils . Later on, in 1940, the character appeared in his first feature-length film, Fantasia . The film used the redesigned version of Mickey with
20164-610: Was voice actor for both Mickey and Minnie and would remain the source of Mickey's voice through 1946 for theatrical cartoons. Jimmy MacDonald took over the role in 1946, but Walt provided Mickey's voice again from 1955 to 1959 for The Mickey Mouse Club television series on ABC . Audiences at the time of Steamboat Willie ' s release were reportedly impressed by the use of sound for comedic purposes. Sound films or "talkies" were still considered innovative. Most other cartoon studios were still producing silent products and so were unable to effectively act as competition to Disney. As
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