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32-449: Ciudad Real was one of the 49 provinces in which Spain was divided in the territorial reorganization of 1833 , taking its name from its largest city and capital. Its limits corresponded more or less to the historical province of La Mancha, which was part of the kingdom of Toledo. The Spanish government created the autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha on 15 November 1978, as one of several autonomous regions. The new, hyphenated name

64-466: A government that lasted only into the following January, having been unable to satisfy either side. Despite his vain efforts to gain the support of either the liberals or the Carlists, his government undertook a major reform of the territorial division of Spain whose effects are still felt after more than a century-and-a-half: the division of Spain into provinces. A royal decree of 20 November 1833 ratified

96-523: A plan put forth by Javier de Burgos , secretary of state for development ( secretario de estado de Fomento ), which created the basis for a centralized state divided into 49 provinces. All but four of the provinces received the name of their capital cities; those four— Navarre with its capital at Pamplona , Álava with Vitoria , Gipuzkoa with San Sebastián , and Biscay (Spanish: Vizcaya ) with Bilbao —reflected long standing entities, and retained their historic names. Javier de Burgos's division

128-707: A separate legal and institutional status, including taxation and customs with the Spanish heartland on the Ebro . Navarre was still a semi-autonomous kingdom with its own parliament and government—the Cortes and Diputación —while Álava, Gipuzkoa and Biscay (the Basque Provinces , known also as "Biscay" up to the Peninsular War ), were also autonomous. News of the central government's decision overruling native institutions spread to

160-417: Is Llívia (part of Gerona, but one must pass 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) through France to reach it). The provincial division consolidated rapidly and remains with rather few changes down to the present day. This is in part because the provincial capitals all became the seats of basic government institutions. The jefes políticos would eventually be replaced by civil governors, and eventually delegates of

192-415: Is composed of pyroclastic cones , lava domes and maars , and rises to 1,117 m (3,665 ft). The last known eruption was around 3,600 BC. The historical population is given in the following chart: The province has good communications with other parts of Spain and is on the main route between Toledo and Andalusia. The A-4 route passes from north to south between Puerto Lápice and Almuradiel on

224-557: Is located in central Spain and is the third largest province in the country with an area of 19,813 km (7,650 sq mi). To the north lies the Province of Toledo, to the northeast the Province of Cuenca, to the east the Province of Albacete, to the south lie the Provinces of Córdoba and Jaén , and to the west the Province of Badajoz . To the northwest of the province is a separate area,

256-511: Is located in the province of Ciudad Real. It is a wetland area on the La Mancha plain, an otherwise mainly arid region. It has an area of about 2,000 hectares and is the smallest of Spain's fifteen national parks. It is being expanded to include some of the neighbouring dryland farming areas. The Cabañeros National Park is shared with the neighbouring Province of Toledo . It has an area of 390 square kilometres (150 sq mi) and lies between

288-460: Is practically the same as the short-lived 1822 territorial division of Spain , dating from the " Liberal Trienium " ( Trienio Liberal ), but without the provinces of Calatayud , Vierzo , and Játiva ; also, in contrast to the 1822 division, several provinces were given names other than those of their capitals. Rather than the merit of having initiated, directed and produced a new provincial division of Spain, Don Javier de Burgos deserves credit for

320-467: The 2010 Catalan regional election produced a new legislature which has put these plans on hold. Campo de Calatrava Campo de Calatrava is a comarca in the province of Ciudad Real , Castilla-La Mancha , Spain. Ciudad Real , the provincial capital, belongs to the Campo de Calatrava. A Denominación de Origen for olive oil takes its name from the comarca. There are olive groves in sixteen of

352-701: The Basque districts , sparking uproar and anger. The new design thus notably paved the way to the outbreak of the First Carlist War . While Jorge de Burgos' design of provincial Spain suppressed enclaves, it did keep the ones located in Basque territories — Trucios in Biscay, and Treviño in Álava . According to the new arrangement, the Basque enclaves were to be attached to the closer Spanish province of Common Fiscal Regime. That meant they would be paying taxes to Madrid, not to

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384-643: The Ciudad Real Central Airport , which started to have international flights in June 2010. However, the link to the high-speed railway line was never built and the airport had financial difficulties and went into administration in October of the same year. In September 2015, it was reported that a new owner had purchased the airport. 1833 territorial division of Spain The 1833 territorial division of Spain divided

416-433: The exclave of Anchuras , which is sandwiched between the Province of Badajoz and the Province of Toledo . The provincial capital is Ciudad Real . Part of the province is part of the plateau of La Mancha , an elevated but fertile area averaging 500 to 600 metres (1,600 to 2,000 ft) above sea level, the highest elevation being in the comarca of Campo de Montiel at 900 metres (2,950 ft). The main river, crossing

448-489: The fortress of Calatrava . Calatrava had past to Christian control about a decade earlier, in 1147. The Calatravan order lost their stronghold and the entire Campo de Calatrava to Almohads after the 1195 battle of Alarcos . The Campo de Calatrava (with the exception of the fortresses of Dueñas and Salvatierra ) was seized by a Christian army on its way south in 1212 in the context of the Battle of Navas de Tolosa . Calatrava

480-469: The municipios , mainly containing a cultivar called cornicabra. Vineyards and crops of barley are also common to the area. Saffron is another crop cultivated in the area. The relief consists of sedimentary plains interspersed by small Appalachian folds, likewise distinctly featuring remains of volcanic activity. Historically, the area is connected to the Order of Calatrava , founded in 1158 to defend

512-657: The Estena and Bullaque rivers, extending into the Chorito and Miraflores mountain ranges. It contains remnants of the Iberian Mediterranean forest which used to clothe this part of Spain. In the centre of the province is the Campo de Calatrava , the geology of which is volcanic. The Campo de Calatrava Volcanic Field covers an area of 5,000 square kilometres (1,900 sq mi) and has more than three hundred individual structures. It

544-715: The Guadiana and Cigüela is a wetland area called La Mancha Húmeda. The lagoons and marshes have a resident population of wetland birds and are visited by migrating wildfowl in autumn and spring. The largest towns in the province are Ciudad Real , with a population of 74,960 at the 2014 census, Puertollano with 50,608, Tomelloso with 38,080, Alcázar de San Juan with 31,650, and Valdepeñas with 30,705. Other larger municipalities with over ten thousand inhabitants are Manzanares , Daimiel , La Solana , Miguelturra , Campo de Criptana , Socuéllamos , Bolaños de Calatrava and Villarrubia de los Ojos . The Tablas de Daimiel National Park

576-491: The basis of electoral districts and tax districts. Civil health districts also followed provincial lines (though military health districts sometimes did not). By 1868 there were 463 legal districts; the number of municipalities has repeatedly risen and fallen. The new design arranged by Jorge de Burgos and government officials in Madrid opened a scenario of overt confrontation with the Basque territories and institutions, who kept

608-428: The central government and the provinces. These "historic regions" had no powers, no administrative organs, no common jurisdiction over the provinces grouped within them. Each province had a governor ( jefe político , "political chief") appointed by the central government. Besides looking to the 1822 arrangement, Javier de Burgos took as his model the departments of France . While many of the borders and inclusions in

640-400: The central government. The provincial division was followed by all branches of government and formed the basis for all future divisions and combinations. Each of Spain's municipalities ( ayuntamientos ) falls within a single province. In 1834, Spain was divided into legal districts ( partidos judiciales ); these took provincial borders into account. These legal districts later became

672-539: The central government. There were a few minor adjustments of borders, and several provinces have been renamed to accord with local languages or in view of other issues of regional identity. The "historic regions" went by the wayside during the Spanish transition to democracy in the later 1970s and early 1980s, when they were replaced by the autonomous communities , many of which coincide precisely with an earlier "historic region". Some authors writing about present-day Spain use

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704-426: The country into provinces , in turn classified into " historic regions " (Spanish: regiones históricas ). This division was followed (helped by the enforcing of the 1834 Royal Statute ) by the ensuing creation of provincial deputations , the government institutions for most of the provinces, remaining up to this date. Nearly all of the provinces retain roughly or precisely the 1833 borders. Conversely, many of

736-415: The courage and political will have put in place the previous division of 1822 with the adjustments and modifications that he believed appropriate. Javier de Burgos' 1833 provincial division included 49 provinces. The same decree that created the provincial division grouped the provinces into "historic regions". However, these were merely honorary and classificatory: there was no level of administration between

768-459: The historic regions correspond to present-day autonomous communities . Immediately after the death of King Ferdinand VII on 29 September 1833, the regent Maria Christina attempted to find a moderate third way between the absolutist Carlists —the followers of the Infante Carlos —and the liberals . This mission was given to First Secretary of State Francisco Cea Bermúdez , leader of

800-505: The province from east to west, is the Guadiana , and its right bank tributary, the Cigüela . Most of the province is an arid plain, cool in summer and very cold in winter with wide daily fluctuations. The area is agricultural, with wheat, barley, oats, sugar beet, grapes and olives being grown. Cattle are raised here and there are large flocks of sheep. In the valleys formed by the upper reaches of

832-412: The provinces may at first appear arbitrary from a historical and geographical point of view, he was operating under a set of rational criteria: area (it was intended to be possible to travel between the capital and any point in the province in a single day), population (wherever feasible, the provinces had populations between 100,000 and 400,000), and geographic coherence. The provincial division restored

864-697: The provincial division within Catalonia , replacing it with a division into seven veguerias . However, the number of senators or deputies that Catalonia contributes to Spain's parliament, the Cortes Generales : remained regulated by Article 69 of the Constitution in terms of provinces. While the veguerias project remained controversial, the Catalan government intended to put it into effect in January 2010. However,

896-528: The relevant Basque government (Álava, Biscay). Oñati was incorporated into Gipuzkoa—definitely in 1845. Despite their close ties of cultural, linguistic, institutional, and legal nature (cf. fueros ), it was decided to nominally regroup the above districts into two different "historic regions": Provincias Vascongadas and Navarra . As remarked above, the 1833 system of provinces has undergone only minimal changes. Jefes políticos were replaced by civil governors, and eventually by delegates and sub-delegates of

928-849: The term "historic regions" to refer only to the Basque Country, Catalonia, usually Galicia, and occasionally Andalusia, all of which have historically had the strong local nationalisms . Under Article 141 of the Spanish Constitution of 1978 , the provinces remain Spain's basic units of territorial organization. They are the basis for electoral constituencies (Article 68) and autonomous communities are normally formed out of one or more provinces, with no province divided between two or more autonomous communities (Article 143). The revised Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia that went into effect in August 2006 ignored

960-516: The traditional names of the Basque provinces and Navarre, which had been renamed in the 1822 territorial division of Spain , but few concessions were made to historic enclaves and exclaves . The most important of these that were retained were the Rincón de Ademuz (part of Valencia, but located between Teruel and Cuenca) and the Treviño enclave (part of Burgos, but surrounded by Álava); another notable exclave

992-561: The way from Madrid to Andalusia. The capital, Puertollano , and other locations are linked to this road by the A-43 and A-41, and the Autovía de los Viñedos motorway passes through the northeastern part of the province. Railway communications are via the Madrid–Seville high-speed rail line which has stations in the towns of Ciudad Real and Puertollano. Air travel was enabled by the opening in 2008 of

Province of Ciudad Real - Misplaced Pages Continue

1024-614: Was chosen to join the historic Castilla region , which extended beyond the new autonomous region, and that of the smaller historic province of La Mancha . Initially a "pre-autonomous" region, the reorganization proposal finally took effect one week after the Statute of Autonomy of Castilla–La Mancha was approved on 10 August 1982. Under this new arrangement, Castilla-La Mancha was subdivided into five provinces, Albacete , Ciudad Real, Cuenca , Guadalajara , and Toledo , each named after its largest town and capital city. The province of Ciudad Real

#1998