The Château Haldimand was a castle that stood where the Château Frontenac now stands in Quebec City , Quebec, Canada. The building was constructed between 1784 and 1786.
31-522: In 1784, Quebec Governor Frederick Haldimand ordered construction of the château. It became the seat of the colonial government of the province of Quebec from 1786 to 1791. In 1860, the Canadian government established administrative offices and the headquarters of the Legislative Assembly of Canada in the castle until 1866. The castle was later used as part of Laval University until 1892, when it
62-665: A friendship with Henry Bouquet , another Swiss mercenary, with whom he would serve in the British Army . In 1755, as the Seven Years' War , whose North American theater is also known as the French and Indian War , was in its early stages, Haldimand and Bouquet joined a British regiment composed of German and Swiss men recruited at first from the armies of Europe, but then also from German-speaking settlers in North America. The formation of
93-761: A limited education and became interested in the military at an early age. In 1740, Haldimand became a mercenary in the army of the Kingdom of Prussia . During the War of the Austrian Succession he fought at the Battle of Mollwitz , and probably also saw action at Hohenfriedberg and Kesselsdorf . He next joined the Swiss Guards of the Dutch Republic in 1748, rising to the rank of lieutenant colonel in 1750. There he formed
124-724: A new British province, which would then provide a new avenue for attack against the southern portions of New York and New England . The negotiations had reached the point that Haldimand believed Vermont was almost ready to admit British troops when news of the surrender at Yorktown arrived. As the revolution came to an end by the Treaty of Paris (1783) , Haldimand helped settle American Loyalist refugees, who became known as United Empire Loyalists , many in territories that are now in New Brunswick and Ontario . He and Sir John Johnson , his Superintendent of Indian Affairs, also helped settle
155-510: A new British province. His administration of Quebec was at times harsh, with the detention of numerous political dissidents and agitators. Haldimand was born in Yverdon , Vaud , Switzerland on 11 August 1718. He was the second of four sons of François Louis Haldimand, a notary and civil servant, and Marie-Madeleine de Treytorrens. His grandfather, Gaspard Haldimand , was a cooper who moved from Thun to Yverdon in 1671. Haldimand received only
186-686: Is part of the Glens Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area . The town contains a village also named Fort Edward . Both are located on the western border of the county. The town is located at the "Great Carrying Place", a portage around the falls on the Hudson, which had been used by Native Americans for thousands of years before European colonization. It was located on the Native American "Great War Path", later used by French and English colonists during their own warfare, during
217-589: The Iroquois who had been driven out of New York during the war by issuing what is now known as the Haldimand Proclamation , which awarded them a tract of land on the Grand River in what is now known as Ontario's Six Nations reserve . In the summer of 1784, Frederick Haldimand returned to England, on leave, but he was not to return to Quebec, as he was formally replaced by General Carleton in 1786. In 1785, he
248-595: The National Register of Historic Places . According to the United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 27.4 square miles (71.0 km ), of which 26.8 square miles (69.4 km ) is land and 0.6 square mile (1.6 km ) (2.19%) is water. The western town line is defined by the Hudson River and is the border of Saratoga County , New York . U.S. Route 4 follows
279-420: The county seat of Washington County , New York , United States . The population was 5,991 at the 2020 census. The municipal center complex is on U.S. Route 4 between the villages of Hudson Falls and Fort Edward . When construction of the complex was completed in 1994, most of the administrative offices were moved from the original county seat of Hudson Falls to this location. The town of Fort Edward
310-603: The British cause included engaging in negotiations with political representatives of the Vermont Republic , which had declared its independence from the state of New York in 1777 after long-standing disputes over jurisdiction. These negotiations, which are sometimes called the Haldimand Affair because of his participation, involved brothers Ira and Ethan Allen , and were promoted to see if Vermont could be convinced to become
341-530: The age of 18 living with them, 50.2% were married couples living together, 14.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.1% were non-families. 24.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.95. Age distribution was 24.4% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 22.9% from 45 to 64, and 16.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age
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#1732844096749372-495: The civil governors, he had ongoing problems with supply and funding, and the high cost of living there put him into debt. He was promoted to colonel commandant of the Royal American in 1772, and received a pro forma promotion to major general later that year. General Gage called Haldimand to New York in 1773 to temporarily act as commander-in-chief of North America while he went to England on leave. While Haldimand's command
403-512: The colonial years, especially during the eighteenth century. During the French and Indian War (1754-1763), General Phineas Lyman constructed Fort Lyman here in 1755. In that year, Ephraim Williams , founder of Williams College , was killed in an ambush by French and Native American fighters on the road from Lake George . It was renamed Fort Edward in 1756 by Sir William Johnson , the British Superintendent for Indian Affairs in
434-468: The course of the Hudson River along the western side of the town and joins New York Route 197 at Fort Edward village. The Hudson River passes through the northern part of the town. The site of the actual fort can be found off Old Fort Street, just off Rte. 4 heading south. At the 2000 census , there were 5,892 people, 2,248 households and 1,571 families residing in the town. The population density
465-460: The development of the ironworks at nearby Saint Maurice and arranged for his nephew Peter Frederick Haldimand to serve under James Murray , the military governor of Quebec City . In 1764, the province of Quebec was turned over to a civil administration, and Haldimand's role was reduced to that of a troop commander. Denied leave to return to Europe, he remained in Quebec until 1765, when his command
496-560: The operation, but William Johnson , the Indian agent on the expedition who took over, refused to relinquish control. Haldimand returned to Oswego, where he remained throughout the winter. In 1760, he joined General Jeffery Amherst 's army as it descended the Saint Lawrence River , and was the officer who formally took control of Montreal on September 8 following the French surrender. He
527-596: The province and limited offensive actions to raiding parties such as the 1778 raid by Christopher Carleton and the 1780 " Burning of the Valleys " into the rebellious American colonies. As an administrator, he at times dealt harshly with political activists by arresting Fleury Mesplet and Valentin Jautard , publishers of a literary journal that often featured political commentary, and Pierre du Calvet , an agitator for judicial reforms. In 1781, Haldimand's efforts on behalf of
558-581: The regiment, known as the Royal American , took two years and was beset by culture clashes with the rest of the British Army. However, Haldimand and Bouquet earned the respect of the British military establishment with their dedicated professionalism. While Haldimand's battalion was sent to Louisbourg in 1758 , Haldimand himself served under General James Abercrombie at the disastrous Battle of Carillon at which he suffered minor wounds. After spending
589-554: The region, in honor of Prince Edward , the grandson of King George II . Edward was a younger brother of the later King George III . The town of Fort Edward was established in 1818 from Argyle and Greenwich . In 1849, the community of Fort Edward set itself off from the town by incorporating as a village. The Fort Edward D&H Train Station , Fort Miller Reformed Church Complex , St. James Episcopal Church , Rogers Island , Old Fort House , and Wing-Northup House are listed on
620-717: The troops in New York, which Gage ordered to Boston in September 1774 in the wake of the colonial uprising known as the Powder Alarm . While Gage was primarily occupied with his duties as Governor of Massachusetts, Haldimand commanded the army in Boston although Gage did not notify him of the expedition that led to the Battles of Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775. With the arrival additional military leadership in Boston after that event, Haldimand
651-415: The winter in command of the forward British position at Fort Edward , he was made second in command on the 1759 expedition of John Prideaux against Fort Niagara and was placed in charge of the key supply and communication point at Oswego, New York , where he oversaw the construction of Fort Ontario . When Prideaux was killed early during the Battle of Fort Niagara , Haldimand went to assume command of
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#1732844096749682-644: The years 1755 to 1784, this correspondence, much of it deposited in the Haldimand Collection at the British Museum (with copies at the Library and Archives Canada ), provides a unique view into the colonial history leading to United States independence. Haldimand has been memorialized with several place names in North America: Fort Edward, New York Fort Edward is a town and
713-456: Was 219.9 inhabitants per square mile (84.9/km ). There were 2,487 housing units at an average density of 92.8 per square mile (35.8/km ). The racial makeup of the town was 98.59% White , 0.34% Black or African American , 0.24% Native American , 0.22% Asian , 0.10% from other races , and 0.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.53% of the population. There were 2,248 households, of which 32.8% had children under
744-490: Was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.7 males. The median household income was $ 34,973, and the median family income was $ 41,630. Males had a median income of $ 31,875 versus $ 23,429 for females. The per capita income for the town was $ 17,201. About 6.5% of families and 9.9% of the population were below the poverty line , including 16.8% of those under age 18 and 3.0% of those age 65 or over. Amtrak ,
775-600: Was a Swiss military officer best known for his service in the British Army in North America during the Seven Years' War and the American Revolutionary War . From 1778 to 1786, he served as Governor of the Province of Quebec , during which time he oversaw military operations against the northern frontiers in the war, and engaged in ultimately fruitless negotiations to establish the independent Vermont Republic as
806-728: Was advised that his status as a foreigner made it inappropriate for him to exercise command in what was viewed as an internal civil conflict. He sailed from Boston in June 1775 (one day before the Battle of Bunker Hill ), and arrived in London in August. Haldimand became Governor of the Province of Quebec (which at the time included what is now Ontario ) in 1778, and served through the American Revolution . Haldimand built up Quebec's defenses in reaction to repeated rumors of American plans to again invade
837-766: Was awarded the Order of the Bath . He settled in London , but made regular visits to his hometown of Yverdon, where he died, on 5 June 1791, while on one of his visits. Haldimand never married, and in his will he left all his property to his nephew Anthony Francis Haldimand, father of future MP and director of the Bank of England William Haldimand . Haldimand created and preserved a great deal of written correspondence, especially during his time in North America. As his military and administrative assignments ranged from Pensacola to Quebec and covered
868-582: Was demolished to make way for the construction of the Château Frontenac . [REDACTED] Media related to Château Haldimand at Wikimedia Commons 46°48′43″N 71°12′18″W / 46.8119°N 71.205°W / 46.8119; -71.205 This article about a building or structure in Quebec is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Frederick Haldimand Sir Frederick Haldimand , KB (born François Louis Frédéric Haldimand ; 11 August 1718 – 5 June 1791)
899-453: Was given the responsibility for working with the outgoing French leadership as they prepared to depart for France, serving first under Amherst and then under General Thomas Gage . In 1762, Amherst promoted him to colonel and temporarily gave him the military governorship of Trois-Rivières while its governor, Ralph Burton , was called to serve in the Caribbean. At Trois-Rivières, he oversaw
930-561: Was merged into another. He traveled to New York with the intention of returning to Europe, but the death of his friend Bouquet led to his promotion to brigadier general and assignment to Bouquet's post as military head of the Southern Department, with responsibility for military affairs in East and West Florida . He remained in this post, which he characterized as "the most disagreeable" of his life, until 1773. Despite good relations with
961-542: Was uneventful, the political climate in the provinces noticeably declined, and he carefully resisted bringing troops in conflict with the population by refusing to get involved in the jurisdictional disputes over the New Hampshire Grants and refusing to protect tea shipments after the Boston Tea Party unless specifically requested to do so. When Gage returned to Boston in 1774, Haldimand remained in command of