31-440: This is a list of Chinese teas . Chinese tea is a beverage made from the leaves of tea plants ( Camellia sinensis ) and – depending on the type of tea – typically 60–100 °C hot water. Tea leaves are processed using traditional Chinese methods. Chinese tea is drunk throughout the day, including during meals, as a substitute for plain water, for health, or for simple pleasure. Several types of tea have been listed as one of
62-539: A day". The items were known as early as the Song dynasty travel book, Dreams of the Former Capital . The Chinese phrase "seven necessities" literally means "開 open 門 door 七 seven 件事 items" when translated, which is an old Chinese saying. They include firewood (柴 chái), rice (米 mĭ), oil (油 yóu), salt (鹽 yán), sauce (醬 jiàng), vinegar (醋 cù), tea (茶 chá). The seven necessities were made popular in modern tea culture due to
93-405: A great variety of refreshments on the food cart. Beijing teahouses show most of the advantages of other local teahouses. They are known for their various functions, and rich and profound cultural aims. There are many kinds of Beijing teahouses, which include Shuchaguan, Qingchaguan, Qichaguan, Yechaguan, Dachaguan, and Erhunpu. Teahouse culture made a special contribution to the development of
124-605: A historical perspective, it has been closely linked to the living structure of the Chinese people. Sichuan teahouses have various sizes. The large ones have hundreds of seats, while the small ones, only a few. They also have excellent services. Traditional Sichuan teahouses use red copper teapots, tin saucers, teacups with covers made of Jingdezhen porcelain, tuocha- a bowl-shaped compressed tea leaves- and tearoom keepers expert at all manner of work. What's more, Sichuan teahouses have social functions. They play an important role in spreading
155-484: A large copper pot, banhuguan suited varied tastes. Erhunpu served tea without refreshments but provided dining and wining facilities. It supplied customers with food cooked from in-house ingredients or ingredients brought by customers. Literature about tea during the Ming dynasty largely focused on tea pickers, with writings and artwork regarding aspects such as tea picking and processing. Tea-picking Poem - Gao Qi It
186-543: A long history in China, having originated there. Although tea originated in China, during the Tang dynasty , Chinese tea generally represents tea leaves which have been processed using methods inherited from ancient China . According to legend, tea was discovered by Chinese Emperor Shen Nong in 2737 BC when a leaf from a nearby shrub fell into water the emperor was boiling. The emperor was very interested in this new liquid because it had
217-855: A long history. It first took shape during the Tang dynasty Kaiyuan era (713–714) and became common during the Song dynasty . From the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea house culture became integral to regional culture. Drinking morning tea is a custom within various provinces regardless of what status or identity people are. People often go to tea house in twos to threes to relax, be entertained, and gather information all while sipping tea. One could find old folks reminiscing over their joys and sorrows, or youth discussing their ambitions. In 1970s, Chinese tea houses spread to Hong Kong. Some notable ones include “Yen Yen”, “Tsui Heung Yuen”, “Pak Cheuk”, “Yin Bun Lau”, and “Wun Tin”, among others. Merchants would use tea houses as
248-405: A place for exchanging information and business. For example, a jade merchant might complete a transaction in a tea house. A tea garden is a tea house which features a Chinese garden or a domestic Chinese garden in which people enjoy their tea. Chinese tea houses are one of the few traditional social institutions, and their broader social and cultural appeal outweighs their main business. From
279-418: A pleasant aroma, so he drank the infusion and found it very refreshing, with a pleasant taste. He claims that tea brings vitality to the body; Therefore, tea was invented, but it is considered a medicinal beverage. Tea is deeply woven into the history and culture of China. The beverage is considered one of the seven necessities of Chinese life, along with firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce and vinegar. Tea
310-404: A unique semi oxidation process, ranging from 1% to 99%. The production process of yellow tea shares some similarities with green tea, except for the key point of making true yellow tea, which is oxidation before or after drying to give it a yellow appearance. Yellow tea began to be cultivated in the southeastern province of Sichuan, China around 2000 years ago. The practice of drinking tea has
341-654: Is getting warm after the spring rain and thunder, New tea leaves start sprouting among branches. Girls with silver hairpins sing folk songs to each other, Competing to pick the most tea leaves in the shortest time. They get home with the fresh scent of tea leaves on their hands, The highest qualities will be sent to the Prefecture first. The newly baked tea leaves are not tasted yet, They are packed into baskets and will be sold to Hunan merchants. Satirical poems and songs were also created and reflected struggles of tea farmers and ridiculed greedy officials. After Mid Ming,
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#1733085032644372-653: Is increasing their historical knowledge, killing time and amusing themselves. So shuchaguan were best suited to old people. Qingchaguan provides places for people from all walks of life to entertain themselves elegantly. In the past, most of the Qingchaguan were simply furnished with square tables and wooden chairs. Teacups with covers were used to serve tea. However, tea was served without refreshment in Qingchaguan. Qichaguan provides places for customers to play chess. Qichaguan were simply furnished with timber or lumps of wood painted with chess boards, which were partly buried in
403-437: Is the preferred choice. For green tea, the tea leaves are harvested from camellia plants and then quickly heated and dried through frying or steaming to prevent excessive oxidation, which can turn the green leaves brown and alter their freshly picked taste. The difference between black tea and green tea is that during the production process, the tea leaves need to be completely oxidized before hot processing and drying. During
434-445: Is usually referred to as the least processed tea. It is delicate and sweet, and usually brewed into a light golden color depending on the variety. Usually, leaves wither in the open air immediately after picking and then dry to prevent any excessive oxidation. White tea is usually harvested and processed under very strict conditions, and for many people, a high shoot to leaf ratio (a large number of leaf buds rather than more mature leaves)
465-558: Is usually served in lieu of water, and hence tends to be a light drink flavoured. However, when sipped as a daily beverage, Chinese people tend to use a special personal tea bottle, in which water is allowed to infuse with tea leaves for hours, and sipped continuously. This method, which is more prevalent in day-to-day Chinese life, involves the repeated use of the same tea leaves throughout the day. A traditional Chinese tea set consists of special clay or porcelain teapots, teacups, tea spoons, tea strainers, draining trays, tea forceps (for
496-462: The Camellia sinensis plant. Most Chinese teas are cultivated and consumed in China. It is commonly available in Chinese restaurants and grocery shops worldwide. Green tea is the most common type of tea consumed in China. Within these main categories of tea are vast varieties of individual beverages. Some of the variations are due to different strains of the camellia plant. However, the largest factor in
527-512: The "Ten Famous Chinese Teas" or "China Famous Teas" ( simplified Chinese : 中国十大名茶 ; traditional Chinese : 中國十大名茶 ; pinyin : Zhōngguó shí dàmíng chá ). While no authoritative lists exists per se, teas commonly considered one of the ten include: Chinese tea Chinese teas can be classified into six distinctive categories: white , green , yellow , oolong , black and post-fermented . Others add categories for scented and compressed teas. All of these come from varieties of
558-532: The Clouds, Longevity Dragon Sprout, Dragon Phoenix and Flower, and Eternal Spring Silver Sprout. The Ming dynasty scholar Wen Zhenheng 's encyclopedic book Zhǎng Wù Zhì ( simplified Chinese : 长物志 ; traditional Chinese : 長物志 ; Treatise on Superfluous Things), volume 12, contains the descriptions of several famous Ming dynasty teas. During Ming, tea was a form of currency also used to pay imperials tribute . Ming dynasty founder Zhu Yuanzhang (also known as
589-563: The Hongwu emperor) was born to a poor family and understood the difficulties of the lives of farmers. He abolished the compressed tea brick style and replaced it with the whole, loose-leaf tea style, and also declared people instead pay tribute with tea buds. This amendment especially helped relieve tea farmers of some of the pressures of the laborious and complicated tea production processes. These complex processes for farmers included: steaming tea leaves, breaking them down into fine remnants, mixing
620-502: The amount of tribute tea soared due to an increased pressure upon citizens by higher bureaucrats. Officials demanded higher taxation and escalation of the requirement of tribute tea. Some citizens began to grow angry with these demands, including poets Gao Qi and Han Bangqi. Although their main occupations were government officials, they were also generally acknowledged writers who voiced their complaints through poems that became widespread folk ballads. Through their writings they requested
651-1102: The ground, or chessboards with benches on both sides. When people played chess while drinking tea, they will feel that the chessboards was like a battlefield of life. Usually they would temporarily forget about their sufferings, and that's why tea was also called wangyoujun (Mr. Worry-free). People went to Yechaguan to appreciate beautiful gardens. People of Beijing in old times were keen on enjoying beautiful scenes in different seasons. So yechaguan were mostly built in those places with beautiful gardens and nice views. Dachaguan provided tea, food and services to people in various trades such as business men and scholars. In terms of service, it includes Hongluguan, Wowoguan and Banhuguan. Hongluguan were installed with red stoves which baked Manchurian and Chinese pastries. They served all kinds of pastries, which were smaller and more exquisite than those made by pastry shops. Customers could drink tea while sampling these pastries. Wowoguan served various refreshment, including aiwowo , steamed sponge cakes, paicha, pengao and sesame seed cakes. Characterized by
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#1733085032644682-449: The leaves), a large forceps (for the tea cups) and occasionally, tea caddies. All of these are kept on a special wooden tea tray with an inbuilt draining arrangement and a holder for the drained water. however, in more modern times, specially built electric hotplates for tea sets are used by some Chinese people. Chinese tea houses refer to the public place where people gathered to drink tea and spend their spare time. Chinese tea houses have
713-494: The novel, and shuchaguan was the best evidence to explain. At shuchaguan, tea is only acted as a medium and supplement because people came mainly to listen to storytelling. Storytelling was performed two times a day and a long story would last two or three months. Famous shuchaguan were exquisitely furnished with cane or wooden tables and chairs, and decorated with works of calligraphy and painting in order to build an atmosphere for storytelling. The purpose of drinking tea in shuchaguan
744-474: The oxidation process, oxygen interacts with the cell walls of tea trees, causing the leaves to turn a rich dark brown to black color, which is famous for red tea. Oolong tea originated in China and was actually transliterated from two words in Mandarin, meaning "black" and "dragon". In addition to their inherent meanings, these two words also describe the shape of oolong leaves in a novel state. Oolong tea undergoes
775-411: The powder with plum juice, then baking them with molds to shape into tea bricks. In some places of China, in restaurants, it is common for customers to clean their bowls and utensils at the table by rinsing them with tea from the pot. Tea may be poured over utensils into one of their bowls, or a larger bowl is may be provided as a waste receptacle for tea used to rinse bowls. In restaurants in China, tea
806-414: The reduction of taxation and tributes. However, Gao was accused by the government of "involvement in a rebellion conspiracy” and was executed, while Han was imprisoned by officials wanting to hide their written works. Fuyang Ballad - Han Bangqi Seven necessities The seven necessities stem from the phrase "Firewood, rice, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea are the seven necessities to begin
837-454: The state affairs information. People can chat with each other there. They also serve as unofficial courts. Wu - Yue area is famous for tea producing and green tea produced in Zhejiang province play a decisive role. In Hangzhou, most tearooms are elegant, simple and unsophisticated. They emphasize making tea with good-quality water and tasting tea in an excellent environment in order to achieve
868-684: The true meaning of tea art. Most of the Tianjin teahouses meet the needs of business people from different parts of China. People of various trades drink tea while eating refreshments and appreciating performances which include singing of opera arias , storytelling and dagu (a versified story sung to the accompaniment of a small drum and other instruments). In the past, Shanghai teahouses are regarded as learned and refined places in Shanghai. Shanghai people called teahouses fuchaguan to express their longing for leisure. The most typical teahouse with local features
899-417: The wide variations comes from differences in tea processing after the tea leaves are harvested. White and green teas are heat-treated ( 杀青 ; 殺青 ; shā qīng ) soon after picking to prevent oxidization, often called fermentation, caused by natural enzymes in the leaves. Oolong teas are partially oxidized. Black teas are fully oxidized. Other differences come from variations in the processing steps. White tea
930-806: Was an important crop during the Song dynasty . Tea farms covered 242 counties during this time. This included expensive tribute tea, which was tea from Zhejiang and Fujian provinces that was exported to Southeast Asian and Arab countries . In the Song dynasty, tea started to be pressed into tea cakes (usually black tea). Some were embossed with patterns of the Chinese dragon and the Phoenix , and were called exotic names including: Large Dragon tea cake, Small Dragon tea cake, Surpassing Snow Dragon ball cake, Fine Silver Sprout, Cloud Leaf, Gold Money, Jade Flower, Inch of Gold, Longevity Sprout, Eternal Spring Jade Leaf, Dragon in
961-441: Was situated in the old Chenghuangmiao area. The old Guangdong tearooms were inexpensive. Regular customers would be served with a cup of tea, and two steamed buns stuffed with diced grilled pork, steamed dumplings with the dough gathered at the top, or dumplings with shrimp stuffing. However, teahouses become different now. Nowadays, customers are provided with a pot of strong tea as soon as they arrive, and have many choices from