16-638: A chief digital officer ( CDO ) or a chief digital information officer ( CDIO ) is an individual who helps a company , a government organization or a city drive growth by converting traditional "analog" businesses to digital ones using the potential of modern online technologies and data (i.e., digital transformation ), and at times oversees operations in the rapidly changing digital sectors like mobile applications , social media and related applications, virtual goods , as well as web-based information management and marketing . The responsibilities of an organization's CDO are varied and still evolving as
32-495: A " corporation , partnership , association, joint-stock company , trust , fund , or organized group of persons , whether incorporated or not, and (in an official capacity) any receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, or similar official, or liquidating agent , for any of the foregoing". Less common types of companies are: When "Ltd" is placed after the company's name, it signifies a limited company, and "PLC" ( public limited company ) indicates that its shares are widely held. In
48-577: A company is a body corporate or corporation company registered under the Companies Acts or under similar legislation. Common forms include: In the United Kingdom, a partnership is not legally a company, but may sometimes be referred to (informally) as a "company". It may be referred to as a "firm" . In the United States , a company is not necessarily a corporation. For example, a company may be
64-554: A managerial hierarchy". The company, as an entity, was created by the state which granted the privilege of incorporation. Companies take various forms, such as: A company can be created as a legal person so that the company itself has limited liability as members perform or fail to discharge their duties according to the publicly declared incorporation published policy. When a company closes, it may need to be liquidated to avoid further legal obligations. Companies may associate and collectively register themselves as new companies;
80-488: A role by 2020, with growth decelerating. Company A company , abbreviated as co. , is a legal entity representing an association of legal people, whether natural , juridical or a mixture of both, with a specific objective. Company members share a common purpose and unite to achieve specific, declared goals. Over time, companies have evolved to have the following features: "separate legal personality, limited liability, transferable shares, investor ownership, and
96-653: The Old French term compagnie (first recorded in 1150), meaning "society, friendship, intimacy; body of soldiers", which came from the Late Latin word companio ("one who eats bread with you"), first attested in the Salic law ( c. AD 500) as a calque of the Germanic expression gahlaibo (literally, "with bread"), related to Old High German galeipo ("companion") and to Gothic gahlaiba ("messmate"). By 1303,
112-563: The PRC on 29 December 1993 and came into force on 1 July 1994. It has been amended several times since then. The most current version of the law took effect in 2018. The law regulates limited liability and joint stock companies. The main purpose of the law is stated in Article 1, "The Company Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the "Law") has been enacted in order to standardize
128-408: The future of a CIO for digital businesses. The CDO is not only a digital expert, but may also be a seasoned general manager . As the role frequently is transformational, CDOs generally are responsible for the adoption of digital technologies across a business. As with most senior executive titles, the responsibilities are set by the organization's board of directors or other authority, depending on
144-597: The legal context, the owners of a company are normally referred to as the "members". In a company limited or unlimited by shares (formed or incorporated with a share capital), this will be the shareholders . In a company limited by guarantee , this will be the guarantors. Some offshore jurisdictions have created special forms of offshore company in a bid to attract business for their jurisdictions. Examples include segregated portfolio companies and restricted purpose companies. However, there are many sub-categories of company types that can be formed in various jurisdictions in
160-414: The organization and activities of companies, protect the lawful rights and interests of companies, shareholders and creditors, safeguard the social and economic order and promote the development of the socialist market economy." In 2024, the law underwent significant reforms. All companies with more than 300 employees, including local subsidiaries of multinational corporations , became required to appoint
176-416: The organization's legal structure. The CDO is responsible not just for digital consumer experiences across all business touchpoints, but also for the whole process of digital transformation. According to a study by Gartner , a predicted 25% of businesses will have created and filled the chief digital officer title by 2015. Research by PwC in 2020 indicates that 21% of large public enterprises had created such
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#1732869765622192-423: The reputation of the exchange or particular market of an exchange. Private companies do not have publicly traded shares, and often contain restrictions on transfers of shares. In some jurisdictions, private companies have maximum numbers of shareholders. A parent company is a company that owns enough voting stock in another firm to control management and operations by influencing or electing its board of directors;
208-441: The resulting entities are often known as corporate groups . A company can be defined as an "artificial person", invisible, intangible, created by or under law, with a discrete legal capacity (or "personality"), perpetual succession , and a common seal . Except for some senior positions, companies remain unaffected by the death, insanity, or insolvency of an individual member. The English word, " company ", has its origins in
224-525: The second company being deemed a subsidiary of the parent company. The definition of a parent company differs by jurisdiction, with the definition normally being defined by way of laws dealing with companies in that jurisdiction. Company Law of the People%27s Republic of China The Company Law of the People's Republic of China is a law which was passed by the National People's Congress of
240-484: The word company referred to trade guilds . The usage of the term company to mean "business association" was first recorded in 1553, and the abbreviation "co." dates from 1769. According to the Company Law of the People's Republic of China , companies include the limited liability company and joint-stock limited company which founded in the mainland China. In English law and in legal jurisdictions based upon it,
256-406: The world. Companies are also sometimes distinguished for legal and regulatory purposes between public companies and private companies . Public companies are companies whose shares can be publicly traded, often (although not always) on a stock exchange which imposes listing requirements / Listing Rules as to the issued shares, the trading of shares and future issue of shares to help bolster
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