This is an accepted version of this page
144-476: Chennai Express is a 2013 Indian Hindi -language action comedy film directed by Rohit Shetty and produced by UTV Motion Pictures and Red Chillies Entertainment . It stars Shah Rukh Khan , Deepika Padukone and with Nikitin Dheer and Sathyaraj in supporting roles. The film revolves around Rahul Mithaiwala, a businessman who accidentally boards the eponymous train and journeys from Mumbai to Rameswaram with
288-517: A cricket match get dismissed on his 99th run . After Y. Y.'s funeral, Rahul's grandmother Neetu tells Rahul that Y. Y. wanted his ashes to be divided into two parts—one part to be immersed in the Ganga , and the other in Rameswaram . Neetu asks Rahul to take the ashes to Rameswaram and disperse them. Rahul reluctantly accepts her request, but is also eager to visit Goa. Rahul, Bobby and Baman plan to dump
432-403: A fully informed choice whether or not to marry, and are often influenced by their families. In Western countries, during the past decades, the nature of marriage—especially with regard to the importance of marital procreation and the ease of divorce —has changed dramatically, which has led to less social and familial pressure to get married, providing more freedom of choice concerning choosing
576-559: A 40-year-old rich bachelor living in Mumbai , is living with his paternal grandparents. Rahul's grandfather Y. Y. Mithaiwala is a businessman and owner of a chain of confectionery shops. Before Y. Y.'s 100th-birthday celebration, Rahul's friends Bobby and Baman invite him to a vacation in Goa , which he accepts. Meanwhile, Y. Y. dies on the eve of the celebration when he witnesses Sachin Tendulkar on TV in
720-573: A core vocabulary of native Prakrit and Sanskrit-derived words. However, Hindi is written in the Devanagari script and contains more direct tatsama Sanskrit -derived words than Urdu, whereas Urdu is written in the Perso-Arabic script and uses more Arabic and Persian loanwords compared to Hindi. Because of this, as well as the fact that the two registers share an identical grammar, a consensus of linguists consider them to be two standardised forms of
864-630: A day later in India. The film received mixed reviews from critics and it broke several box office records in India and abroad, becoming the quickest film to collect ₹ 1 billion (US$ 17.07 million) net domestically. The film surpassed 3 Idiots (2009) to become the highest-grossing Hindi film worldwide at that point. The film become second highest grossing Indian film in 2013 . At the 59th Filmfare Awards , Chennai Express received 7 nominations, including Best Film , Best Director (Shetty), Best Actor (Khan) and Best Actress (Padukone). Rahul Mithaiwala,
1008-399: A different musical composition. However, the composers denied these rumours. In mid-April 2013, singer S. P. Balasubrahmanyam recorded the title track for the film, marking his return to Bollywood for playback after an absence of fifteen years. He said the song celebrated the spirit of togetherness. Initially, Balasubrahmanyam was apprehensive, but chose to sing due to the content and leads of
1152-462: A dispute between families, where the dispute is 'resolved' by giving a female from one family to the other. Vani is a cultural custom found in parts of Pakistan wherein a young girl is forcibly married as part of the punishment for a crime committed by her male relatives. Vani is a form of forced child marriage , and the result of punishment decided by a council of tribal elders named jirga . Widow inheritance, also known as bride inheritance,
1296-681: A duel that Rahul unknowingly accepts due to his lack of understanding Tamil . On the night of the duel, Rahul escapes with the help of a local policeman Shamsher, but he ends up on a boat with Sri Lankan smugglers. A gun battle ensues between the police force and the smugglers. The police officers investigate and take Rahul into custody, but Rahul tells his story and ends up back in Komban. Terrified and once again surrounded by Durgesh's sickle-wielding henchmen, Rahul pretends to take Meenamma hostage and escapes with her in Durgesh's car, battling Durgesh's men. When
1440-501: A forced marriage harder. In the United States, Unchained At Last is the only nonprofit organization operating to help people in the U.S. escape forced or arranged marriages by providing free legal and social services. Forced marriages are often related to violence, both in regard to violence perpetrated inside the marriage ( domestic violence ), and in regard to violence inflicted in order to force an unwilling participant to accept
1584-554: A larger amount are still used in Urdu poetry written in the Devanagari script. Many words borrowed from Persian in turn were loanwords from Arabic (e.g. muśkil "difficult", havā "air", x(a)yāl "thought", kitāb "book"). Hindi also makes extensive use of loan translation ( calqueing ) and occasionally phono-semantic matching of English . Many Hindustani words were derived from Portuguese due to interaction with colonists and missionaries: Forced marriage Forced marriage
SECTION 10
#17328701610951728-554: A law went into effect known as the Hakkaoui law because Bassima Hakkaoui drafted it; among other things, it includes a ban on forced marriage. Forced marriage is common in Niger . Niger has the highest prevalence of child marriage in the world; and also the highest total fertility rate . Girls who attempt to leave forced marriages are most often rejected by their families and are often forced to enter prostitution in order to survive. Due to
1872-529: A literary language in the 19th century. Earliest examples could be found as Prēm Sāgar by Lallu Lal , Batiyāl Pachīsī of Sadal Misra, and Rānī Kētakī Kī Kahānī of Insha Allah Khan which were published in Devanagari script during the early 19th century. John Gilchrist was principally known for his study of the Hindustani language , which was adopted as the lingua franca of northern India (including what
2016-421: A marriage lack education and are often illiterate. Young ones tend to drop out of school shortly before they get married. Forced marriage often means a lifetime of rape, abuse and domestic servitude, and the loss of reproductive rights, financial rights and basic human rights. For women and girls, forced marriage often means forced motherhood. Ending a forced marriage may be extremely difficult in many parts of
2160-523: A medium of expression for all the elements of the composite culture of India and to secure its enrichment by assimilating without interfering with its genius, the forms, style and expressions used in Hindustani and in the other languages of India specified in the Eighth Schedule, and by drawing, wherever necessary or desirable, for its vocabulary, primarily on Sanskrit and secondarily on other languages. It
2304-638: A new crime against humanity (AFRC decision). The SCSL Trial Chamber in the Charles Taylor decision found that the term 'forced marriage' should be avoided and rather described the practice in war as 'conjugal slavery' (2012). In 2013, the first United Nations Human Rights Council resolution against child , early, and forced marriages was adopted; the resolution recognizes child, early, and forced marriage as involving violations of human rights which "prevents individuals from living their lives free from all forms of violence and that has adverse consequences on
2448-410: A part of the process of Sanskritisation , new words are coined using Sanskrit components to be used as replacements for supposedly foreign vocabulary. Usually these neologisms are calques of English words already adopted into spoken Hindi. Some terms such as dūrbhāṣ "telephone", literally "far-speech" and dūrdarśan "television", literally "far-sight" have even gained some currency in formal Hindi in
2592-527: A petition against the bill, including representatives of the Mogadishu -based Elman Peace and Human Rights Center . More than 45% of young women in Somalia marry or are "in union" before the age of 18. In South Africa, ukuthwala is the practice of abducting young girls and forcing them into marriage, often with the consent of their parents. The practice occurs mainly in rural parts of South Africa , in particular
2736-544: A second language. A Hindi proponent, Indian-born Paramananda Jha , was elected vice-president of Nepal. He took his oath of office in Hindi in July 2008. This created protests in the streets for 5 days; students burnt his effigies, and there was a general strike in 22 districts. Nepal Supreme Court ruled in 2009 that his oath in Hindi was invalid and he was kept "inactive" as vice-president. An "angry" Jha said, "I cannot be compelled to take
2880-521: A simplified or pidginised variety such as Bazaar Hindustani or Haflong Hindi ). Outside India, several other languages are recognised officially as "Hindi" but do not refer to the Standard Hindi language described here and instead descend from other nearby languages, such as Awadhi and Bhojpuri . Such languages include Fiji Hindi , which has an official status in Fiji , and Caribbean Hindustani , which
3024-565: A spouse. Historically, forced marriage was also used to require a captive ( slave or prisoner of war ) to integrate with the host community, and accept his or her fate. One example is the English blacksmith John R. Jewitt , who spent three years as a captive of the Nootka people on the Pacific Northwest Coast in 1802–1805. He was ordered to marry, because the council of chiefs thought that
SECTION 20
#17328701610953168-569: A standardised form of Hindustani separate from Urdu took form. In 1881, Bihar accepted Hindi as its sole official language, replacing Urdu, and thus became the first state of India to adopt Hindi. However, in 2014, Urdu was accorded second official language status in the state. After independence, the Government of India instituted the following conventions: On 14 September 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India adopted Hindi written in
3312-988: A sumptuous meal with carefully chosen wine and tasty appetizers but a botched main course. Money and visual care have been lavished on this Bollywood action-comedy-romance and glossy stars engaged (Shah Rukh Khan and Deepika Padukone). But the movie chugs along for most of its 2 hours and 20 minutes searching for comedy and characters in a frantically overplotted story." Sneha May Francis of Emirates 24/7 wrote, "Rohit Shetty's s(h)tyle of romance relies heavily on buffoonery and will be applauded mainly by Shah Rukh Khan loyalists". She added, "Rohit's carnival-like comedy coaxes some laughs, but can leave you exhausted." Sneha said that Padukone's performance "outshines" that of Khan. Ronnie Scheib of Variety wrote, "Shah Rukh Khan and Deepika Padukone are ill matched in this overworked comedy/romance/actioner ... Shetty's need to maintain his characters' romantic heroism constantly grates against his depictions of their ridiculousness." Simon Foster of
3456-424: A third party such as a matchmaker in finding and choosing a spouse. There is often a continuum of coercion used to compel a marriage, ranging from outright physical violence to subtle psychological pressure. Though now widely condemned by international opinion, forced marriages still take place in various cultures across the world, particularly in parts of South Asia and Africa . Some scholars object to use of
3600-403: A wife and family would reconcile him to staying with his captors for life. Jewitt was given a choice between forced marriage for himself and capital punishment for both him and his "father" (a fellow captive). "Reduced to this sad extremity, with death on the one side, and matrimony on the other, I thought proper to choose what appeared to me the least of the two evils" (p154). Forced marriage
3744-410: Is a marriage in which one or more of the parties is married without their consent or against their will. A marriage can also become a forced marriage even if both parties enter with full consent if one or both are later forced to stay in the marriage against their will. A forced marriage differs from an arranged marriage , in which both parties presumably consent to the assistance of their parents or
3888-480: Is a bubblegum blockbuster." Meena Iyer of Times of India gave 3.5/5 stars and wrote "Chennai Express is a magnificently mounted film. In an ode to his own cinema—read Golmaal series or Bol Bachchan , Rohit Shetty, the director, who has grosser in Bollywood's 100-crore club, ups the scale for his Eid offering." Saibal Chatterjee of NDTV gave 3/5 stars and wrote "The whole-hearted zeal that SRK and Deepika bring to
4032-451: Is a cultural and social practice whereby a widow is required to marry a kinsman of her late husband, often his brother. It is prevalent in certain parts of Africa. The practice of wife inheritance has also been blamed for the spread of HIV/AIDS . "In conflict areas, women and girls are sometimes forced to marry men on either side of the conflict. This practice has taken place recently in countries such as Syria , Sierra Leone , Uganda and
4176-430: Is a pleasant and likeable film in parts. The bad news is, it does nothing for Shah Rukh Khan's indomitable star power except to tell us he can still play a 40-year [old] Rahul without faltering." Abhishek Gupta of India TV gave 2.5/5 stars and wrote "The comedy along with the action is rarely served with equal entertainment in today's cinema. We discern Rohit Shetty for his mass leisure which includes cars fluttering from
4320-642: Is a standard register of the Hindustani language; additionally, Indian media are widely viewed in Pakistan. A sizeable population in Afghanistan , especially in Kabul , can also speak and understand Hindi-Urdu due to the popularity and influence of Bollywood films, songs and actors in the region. Hindi is also spoken by a large population of Madheshis (people having roots in north-India but having migrated to Nepal over hundreds of years) of Nepal . Apart from this, Hindi
4464-460: Is also one of the 22 scheduled languages of the Republic of India . Apart from the script and formal vocabulary, standard Hindi is mutually intelligible with standard Urdu , another recognised register of Hindustani, as both Hindi and Urdu share a core vocabulary base derived from Prakrit (a descendant of Sanskrit). Hindi is also spoken, to a lesser extent, in other parts of India (usually in
Chennai Express - Misplaced Pages Continue
4608-567: Is also practiced in Malawi. After marriage, wives have very limited rights and freedoms; and general preparation of young girls for marriage consists in describing their role as that of being subordinated to the husband. Forced marriage in Mauritania takes three principal forms: forced marriage to a cousin (known as maslaha ); forced marriage to a rich man for the purpose of financial gain; and forced polygamous marriage to an influential man. In 2018,
4752-455: Is an amount of money or property or wealth paid by the groom (or his family) to the parents of the bride upon marriage. Marriage by abduction, also known as bride kidnapping, is a practice in which a man abducts the woman he wishes to marry. Marriage by abduction has been practiced throughout history around the world and continues to occur in some countries today, particularly in Central Asia ,
4896-409: Is an official language of Gujarat , along with Gujarati . It acts as an additional official language of West Bengal in blocks and sub-divisions with more than 10% of the population speaking Hindi. Similarly, Hindi is accorded the status of official language in the following Union Territories : Delhi , Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu . Although there
5040-542: Is based on the language that was spoken in the Ganges-Yamuna Doab ( Delhi , Meerut and Saharanpur ) called Khariboli ; the vernacular of Delhi and the surrounding region came to replace earlier prestige languages such as Awadhi and Braj . Standard Hindi was developed by supplanting foreign loanwords from the Hindustani language and replacing them with Sanskrit words, though Standard Hindi does continue to possess several Persian loanwords. Modern Hindi became
5184-623: Is borrowed from Sanskrit as tatsam borrowings, especially in technical and academic fields. The formal Hindi standard, from which much of the Persian, Arabic and English vocabulary has been replaced by neologisms compounding tatsam words, is called Śuddh Hindi (pure Hindi), and is viewed as a more prestigious dialect over other more colloquial forms of Hindi. Excessive use of tatsam words sometimes creates problems for native speakers. They may have Sanskrit consonant clusters which do not exist in Hindustani, causing difficulties in pronunciation. As
5328-455: Is commonly used to specifically refer the modern literary Hindi language, as opposed to colloquial and regional varieties that are also referred to as Hindi in a wider sense . Like other Indo-Aryan languages, Hindi is a direct descendant of an early form of Vedic Sanskrit , through Shauraseni Prakrit and Śauraseni Apabhraṃśa (from Sanskrit apabhraṃśa "corrupt"), which emerged in the 7th century CE. The sound changes that characterised
5472-517: Is filled with gigantic men whose size functions as a punch line." Mayank Shekhar of Dainik Bhaskar gave 1/5 stars and wrote "You've paid for the ticket? Yes. Now just sit back and suffer." Raja Sen of Rediff gave 1/5 stars and wrote "Shah Rukh Khan yelps and squeaks and shrieks and bares fangs and pouts and, well, exhausts himself overcompensating at every step, despite nobody else in the film following this template." Rachel Saltz of The New York Times wrote, " ' Chennai Express ' feels like
5616-489: Is however often difficult to draw, due to the implied familial and social pressure to accept the marriage and obey one's parents in all respects. The rejection of an offer to marry was sometimes seen as a humiliation of the prospective groom and his family. In Europe, during the late 18th century and early 19th century, the literary and intellectual movement of romanticism presented new and progressive ideas about love marriage , which started to gain acceptance in society. In
5760-567: Is mirror to a hand with bangles, What is Persian to a literate. The emergence of Modern Standard Hindi in the 19th century went along with the Sanskritisation of its vocabulary, leading to a marginalisation of Persian vocabulary in Hindi, which continued after Partition when the Indian government co-opted the policy of Sanskritisation. However, many Persian words (e.g. bas "enough", khud "self") have remained entrenched in Standard Hindi, and
5904-597: Is no specification of a national language in the constitution, it is a widely held belief that Hindi is the national language of India. This is often a source of friction and contentious debate. In 2010, the Gujarat High Court clarified that Hindi is not the national language of India because the constitution does not mention it as such. Outside Asia , the Awadhi language (an Eastern Hindi dialect) with influence from Bhojpuri , Bihari languages , Fijian and English
Chennai Express - Misplaced Pages Continue
6048-513: Is now present-day Pakistan ) by British colonists and indigenous people. He compiled and authored An English-Hindustani Dictionary , A Grammar of the Hindoostanee Language , The Oriental Linguist , and many more. His lexicon of Hindustani was published in the Perso-Arabic script , Nāgarī script , and in Roman transliteration .In the late 19th century, a movement to further develop Hindi as
6192-417: Is ready for the fight. In the fight that follows, Rahul is severely beaten, but emerges victorious. Durgesh and Tangaballi reform, accepting that the love of a common man like Rahul is bigger than their physical ability and political influence. Durgesh allows Rahul to marry Meena. Later, Rahul leaves a message that love knows no regional or language barriers and that with a strong heart, there is no limit to what
6336-713: Is spoken by the large Indian diaspora which hails from, or has its origin from the "Hindi Belt" of India. A substantially large North Indian diaspora lives in countries like the United States of America , the United Kingdom, the United Arab Emirates , Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, South Africa, Fiji and Mauritius , where it is natively spoken at home and among their own Hindustani-speaking communities. Outside India, Hindi speakers are 8 million in Nepal ; 863,077 in
6480-459: Is spoken in Suriname , Trinidad and Tobago , and Guyana . Hindi is the fourth most-spoken first language in the world, after Mandarin, Spanish and English. If counted together with the mutually intelligible Urdu, it is the third most-spoken language in the world, after Mandarin and English. According to reports of Ethnologue (2022, 25th edition) Hindi is the third most-spoken language in
6624-477: Is spoken in Fiji. It is an official language in Fiji as per the 1997 Constitution of Fiji, where it referred to it as "Hindustani"; however, in the 2013 Constitution of Fiji , it is simply called " Fiji Hindi " as the official language. It is spoken by 380,000 people in Fiji. Hindi is spoken as a first language by about 77,569 people in Nepal according to the 2011 Nepal census , and further by 1,225,950 people as
6768-471: Is the official language of India alongside English and the lingua franca of North India . Hindi is considered a Sanskritised register of the Hindustani language , which itself is based primarily on the Khariboli dialect of Delhi and neighbouring areas. It is an official language in nine states and three union territories and an additional official language in three other states. Hindi
6912-804: Is the dominant form of Hindi online. In an analysis of YouTube comments, Palakodety et al., identified that 52% of comments were in Romanised Hindi, 46% in English, and 1% in Devanagari Hindi. Traditionally, Hindi words are divided into five principal categories according to their etymology: Hindi has naturally inherited a large portion of its vocabulary from Shauraseni Prakrit , in the form of tadbhava words. This process usually involves compensatory lengthening of vowels preceding consonant clusters in Prakrit, e.g. Sanskrit tīkṣṇa > Prakrit tikkha > Hindi tīkhā . Much of Standard Hindi's vocabulary
7056-566: Is written in the Devanagari script, an abugida . Devanagari consists of 11 vowels and 33 consonants and is written from left to right. Unlike Sanskrit, Devanagari is not entirely phonetic for Hindi, especially failing to mark schwa deletion in spoken Standard Hindi. The Government of India uses Hunterian transliteration as its official system of writing Hindi in the Latin script. Various other systems also exist, such as IAST , ITRANS and ISO 15919 . Romanised Hindi , also called Hinglish ,
7200-478: The Special Broadcasting Service gave 2/5 stars and described it as "a loud, lame-brained romantic comedy from the (very) broad directorial brush of Rohit Shetty, SRK's over-hyped vehicle sees the charismatic but ageing actor badly miscast and easily overshadowed by his leading lady, Deepika Padukone." At the time, Chennai Express became the highest-grossing Bollywood film, both in India and around
7344-520: The Caucasus and parts of Africa . A girl or a woman is kidnapped by the groom-to-be, who is often helped by his friends. The victim is often raped by the groom-to-be, for her to lose her virginity , so that the man is able to negotiate a bride price with the village elders to legitimize the marriage. The future bride then has no choice in most circumstances, but to accept: if the bride goes back to her family, she (and her family) will often be ostracized by
SECTION 50
#17328701610957488-510: The Democratic Republic of the Congo . Historically, this was common throughout the world, with women from the communities of the war enemy being considered "spoils of war", who could be kidnapped, raped and forced into marriage or sexual slavery". Because women were regarded as property, it seemed reasonable to see them as the chattel of the war enemy, which could now be appropriated and used by
7632-697: The Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal . The girls who are involved in this practice are frequently under-aged, including some as young as eight. The practice received negative publicity, with media reporting in 2009 that more than 20 Eastern Cape girls are forced to drop out of school every month because of ukuthwala. In Tanzania, the practices of forced marriage and child marriage impacts the human rights and childhood of girls. Families sell their girls to older men for financial benefits, causing pain among young girls. Oftentimes, girls are married off as soon as they hit puberty, which can be as young as seven years old. To
7776-575: The Hindi Belt ), as well as an official language of the Government of India, along with English. In Northeast India a pidgin known as Haflong Hindi has developed as a lingua franca for the people living in Haflong , Assam who speak other languages natively. In Arunachal Pradesh , Hindi emerged as a lingua franca among locals who speak over 50 dialects natively. Hindi is quite easy to understand for many Pakistanis , who speak Urdu, which, like Hindi,
7920-814: The United States of America ; 450,170 in Mauritius; 380,000 in Fiji; 250,292 in South Africa; 150,000 in Suriname; 100,000 in Uganda ; 45,800 in the United Kingdom; 20,000 in New Zealand ; 20,000 in Germany ; 26,000 in Trinidad and Tobago; 3,000 in Singapore . Linguistically , Hindi and Urdu are two registers of the same language and are mutually intelligible. Both Hindi and Urdu share
8064-439: The freedom and autonomy of individuals. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that a person's right to choose a spouse and enter freely into marriage is central to their life and dignity , and their equality as a human being. The Roman Catholic Church deems forced marriage grounds for granting an annulment —for a marriage to be valid both parties must give their consent freely. The Supplementary Convention on
8208-526: The large scale abduction of women , ( kidnapping ) either for marriage or enslavement (particularly sexual slavery ). The practice is surmised to have been common since anthropological antiquity. In the 21st century, forced marriages have come to attention in European countries, within the context of immigration from cultures in which they are common. The Istanbul Convention prohibits forced marriages (see Article 37). The 1956 Supplementary Convention on
8352-514: The 19th century, marriage practices varied across Europe, but in general, arranged marriages were more common among the upper class. Arranged marriages were the norm in Russia before early 20th century, most of which were endogamous . Child marriages were common historically, but began to be questioned in the 19th and 20th centuries. Child marriages are often considered to be forced marriages, because children (especially young ones) are not able to make
8496-612: The 50th birthday of Beohar Rajendra Simha on 14 September 1949, the efforts came to fruition following the adoption of Hindi as the official language. Now, it is celebrated as Hindi Day . Part XVII of the Indian Constitution deals with the official language of the Indian Union. Under Article 343, the official languages of the Union have been prescribed, which includes Hindi in Devanagari script and English: (1) The official language of
8640-594: The Abolition of Slavery also prohibits marriage without right to refusal by both parties and requires a minimum age for marriage to prevent this. Similarly, the International Labour Organization recognizes forced marriage as a form of modern slavery. In 2009, the Special Court for Sierra Leone 's (SCSL) Appeals Chamber found the abduction and confinement of women for "forced marriage" in war to be
8784-556: The Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery defines "institutions and practices similar to slavery" to include: c) Any institution or practice whereby: The Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence , also known as the Istanbul Convention, states: Article 32 – Civil consequences of forced marriages Parties shall take
SECTION 60
#17328701610958928-623: The Devanagari script as the official language of the Republic of India replacing the previous usage of Hindustani in the Perso-Arabic script in the British Indian Empire . To this end, several stalwarts rallied and lobbied pan-India in favour of Hindi, most notably Beohar Rajendra Simha along with Hazari Prasad Dwivedi , Kaka Kalelkar , Maithili Sharan Gupt and Seth Govind Das who even debated in Parliament on this issue. As such, on
9072-402: The Hindi heartland. Persian borrowings reached a heyday in the 17th century, pervading all aspects of life. Even grammatical constructs, namely the izafat , were assimilated into Hindi. The status of Persian language then and thus its influence, is also visible in Hindi proverbs : हाथ कंगन को आरसी क्या, पढ़े लिखे को फ़ारसी क्या। Hāth kaṅgan ko ārsī kyā, Paṛhe likhe ko Fārsī kyā. What
9216-524: The Hindi version collecting ₹ 67.5 million, surpassing the previous record held by 3 Idiots , according to Box Office India . The film collected ₹ 292.5 million on its opening day, making it the second-highest opening day collection behind Ek Tha Tiger . The film broke the second and third day box office records, collecting ₹ 264.30 million (US$ 4.51 million), and ₹ 292.1 million (US$ 4.98 million), respectively, and collected ₹870.8 million ( ₹938.3 million including paid previews), breaking
9360-563: The Hindu/Indian people') was often used in the past, for example by Amir Khusrau in his poetry. The terms Hindi and Hindu trace back to Old Persian which derived these names from the Sanskrit name Sindhu ( सिन्धु ), referring to the Indus River . The Greek cognates of the same terms are Indus (for the river) and India (for the land of the river). The term Modern Standard Hindi
9504-545: The Nationalist political party Maharashtra Navnirman Sena 's film wing threatened to disrupt the film's premiere; it reportedly attempted to dislodge ongoing popular Marathi movies from cinemas that show only one film at a time. The party was upset with reports that the distributors of Chennai Express had demanded prime slots in single-screen cinemas, and at some multiplexes, where the superhit Marathi film Duniyadari (2013) had been popular since 19 July. On 1 August 2013, both
9648-481: The Netherlands, and France and the paternal authority of a man over his family was ended in 1970, it was only in 1985 that a legal reform abolished the stipulation that the husband had the sole power to administer the children's property. An arranged marriage is not the same as a forced marriage: in the former, the spouse can reject the offer; in the latter, they do not. The line between arranged and forced marriage
9792-530: The Official Languages Act of 1963, which provided for the continued use of English indefinitely for all official purposes, although the constitutional directive for the Union Government to encourage the spread of Hindi was retained and has strongly influenced its policies. Article 344 (2b) stipulates that the official language commission shall be constituted every ten years to recommend steps for
9936-542: The President may, during the said period, by order authorise the use of the Hindi language in addition to the English language and of the Devanagari form of numerals in addition to the international form of Indian numerals for any of the official purposes of the Union. Article 351 of the Indian constitution states: It shall be the duty of the Union to promote the spread of the Hindi language, to develop it so that it may serve as
10080-553: The UK the film collected more than any first day of a Bollywood film in the UK. The film broke opening weekend records in foreign territories, taking in ₹ 504.70 million (US$ 8.61 million) , including record collections from key markets in the US ($ 2.22 million), the UAE (AED 7.73 million) and the UK (£934,118). Chennai Express set a record for opening weekends overseas, grossing US$ 7.1 million . It
10224-460: The Union shall be Hindi in Devanagari script. The form of numerals to be used for the official purposes of the Union shall be the international form of Indian numerals. (2) Notwithstanding anything in clause (1), for a period of fifteen years from the commencement of this Constitution, the English language shall continue to be used for all the official purposes of the Union for which it was being used immediately before such commencement: Provided that
10368-624: The United Kingdom, 55 in the Middle East, and 30 in Australia—the widest Bollywood release up to that point. A first look of Chennai Express was released on 1 January 2013. A 31-second title track teaser, sung by S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, was released on 23 May 2013. The official trailer of the film was released at an event in Mumbai on 13 June 2013; two days after its launch it exceeded four million views on YouTube. The outfits worn by Khan and Padukone in
10512-556: The ashes in Goa, but Neetu wants to see him off, forcing Rahul to travel by train. Rahul books a single ticket on the Chennai Express , planning to meet Bobby and Baman along the way, at Kalyan Junction station . However, Rahul forgets to take the ashes while alighting, where he almost misses the train when he returns to collect them. While trying to leave the train, Rahul notices a young woman running to board it and helps her and four men board
10656-458: The car breaks down, Rahul and Meenamma quarrel and part ways. Rahul, not knowing which way to go, returns to Meenamma, who takes him to the Vidhamba village. Meenamma tells the villagers that they are a married couple who need protection and rest, to which the villagers agree. Meenamma realises that she has fallen in love with Rahul. When Rahul plans to sneak away, Meenamma argues, not wanting to earn
10800-511: The cast and crew went to Goa to begin filming the scenes set there. Vasco da Gama railway station was used to portray as Kalyan Junction railway station . A romantic scene on board a train passing next to Dudhsagar Falls was also shot. In December 2012, the crew went to Jakarta to film certain scenes. The Pamban Bridge also known as Annai Indira Gandhi Bridge, connecting the town of Mandapam in Tamil Nadu with Pamban Island , and Rameswaram
10944-402: The common man can achieve. Rohit Shetty had originally planned to team up with Shah Rukh Khan for a remake of the 1982 film, Angoor . After the 2011 blockbuster Singham , Shetty had begun writing the script of the film but left it half-finished. The script of Chennai Express was ready for Khan as a back-up, because of the difficulty of obtaining the actor's filming dates. Upon reading
11088-400: The community because the community thinks she has lost her virginity, and she is now 'impure'. A different form of marital kidnapping, groom kidnapping , occurs in some areas where payment of a dowry is generally expected. Money marriage refers to a marriage where a girl, usually, is married off to a man to settle debts owed by her parents. A forced marriage is also often the result of
11232-537: The daughter of an influential crimeboss. The first planned collaboration between Khan and Shetty was a remake of Angoor (1982). The script of Chennai Express , which was initially written as a backup project for Khan, was chosen instead. Conceived as a "commercial romance ", the film was originally titled Ready Steady Po . Filming began in Mehboob Studio in October 2012 and was completed by May 2013. A large part of
11376-572: The domestic net record set by 3 Idiots in its fourth weekend and added around ₹ 57.40 million (US$ 979,558.96) in week four to take the total to ₹ 2.06 billion (US$ 35.15 million) . The film collected ₹ 3.5 million (US$ 59,729.2) on its sixth week, for a final total of ₹ 2.08.25 billion (US$ 35.5 million) . The film's lifetime domestic distributor share stands at ₹ 1.15 billion (US$ 19.63 million), breaking Ek Tha Tiger ' s previous record of ₹ 1.07 billion (US$ 18.26 million). Chennai Express also broke overseas records; during paid previews in
11520-577: The enjoyment of human rights, such as the right to education, [and] the right to the highest attainable standard of health including sexual and reproductive health", and also states that "the elimination of child, early and forced marriage should be considered in the discussion of the post-2015 development agenda." The elimination of this harmful practice is one of the targets of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 5 . Arranged marriages were very common throughout
11664-748: The entire month of March 2013. A 10-day shooting schedule in Munnar , Kerala, began in mid-April 2013; scenes were filmed at Devikulam Lake, Meesapulimala , Wagavara and Kannimala. Filming was stopped for several days because of heavy rainfall, resulting in the schedule being slightly extended until end of the same month. A press conference was held in Munnar. In May 2013, scenes were filmed in North Goa . Padukone finished shooting on 25 May 2013. Khan flew to Ramoji Film City , Hyderabad in May 2013 to film his remaining scenes. Though
11808-443: The family or community, including honor killings . The term "shotgun wedding" is an American colloquialism , though it is also used in other parts of the world. It is based on a hyperbolic scenario in which the pregnant (or sometimes only "deflowered") woman's father resorts to coercion (such as threatening with a shotgun ) to ensure that the male partner who caused the pregnancy goes through with it, sometimes even following
11952-462: The film actor Rajinikanth . On 25 July 2013, a promotional video of the song "Tera Rasta Main Chhodoon Na" was released. The music album was launched on 1 July 2013. The film had paid previews in India on 8 August 2013, with ten to twelve shows at multiplexes. Chennai Express was scheduled to be released in non-traditional international markets. In Peru, it was the first Hindi film to be released on
12096-478: The film comes up with some genuinely funny moments. She commended Padukone's looks, although she criticized aspects of her stagecraft skills. Sukanya Verma of Rediff.com gave 2.5/5 stars and wrote "Chennai Express evokes a few laughs but otherwise it decides to shift tracks from droll comedy to dreadful drama." Khalid Mohamed of Deccan Chronicle gave 2.5/5 stars and wrote "Board Chennai Express at your own risk". Rajeev Masand of CNN-IBN gave 2/5 stars and said
12240-593: The film directors, Rohit Shetty and Sanjay Jadhav were called on by Raj Thackeray to find a solution. After listening to both parties, Thackeray ruled that if Duniyadari was not removed from single-screen cinemas across the state, then the MNS would not object to the release of Chennai Express in Maharashtra. Chennai Express was released in 10 languages. Chennai Express received mixed reviews from critics. Taran Adarsh of Bollywood Hungama gave 4/5 stars and wrote "On
12384-469: The film grossed ₹ 190 million (US$ 3.24 million) net on Thursday, taking its first week total (including paid previews) to ₹ 1.461.50 billion (US$ 24.93 million), beating the previous record of Ek Tha Tiger . It had a worldwide gross of ₹ 2.5 billion (US$ 42.66 million) in the first seven days. The film collected ₹ 237.50 million (US$ 4.05 million) on its second weekend, taking the total domestic net to ₹ 1.68 billion (US$ 28.67 million) , and also became
12528-546: The film has several Tamil dialogues, Khan said the makers intentionally avoiding using subtitles to emphasise the language barrier between the Tamil speakers and the lead character. Chennai Express was produced by Gauri Khan , Karim Morani , Ronnie Screwvala and Siddharth Roy Kapur under the Red Chillies Entertainment banner. It was released internationally by UTV Motion Pictures . The score of Chennai Express
12672-399: The film was a "big, fat" bore. He commented that Chennai Express was a "bloated vanity project", and felt that the lead actor could have performed better. Anupama Chopra gave 2/5 stars and wrote " Chennai Express plays neither to Rohit's strengths nor to Shah Rukh's. It's a strangely sloppy mishmash of cheesy humour, half-hearted romance, half-baked emotion and head-banging action. The film
12816-602: The film was set in Ooty , for which sets were constructed in Wai and also in Ramoji Film City . The soundtrack for Chennai Express was composed by Vishal–Shekhar , with the background score being composed by Amar Mohile. UTV Motion Pictures came on board as producer and distributor, marking its first active project with Khan after Swades (2004). Chennai Express was released theatrically in international markets on 8 August 2013 and
12960-548: The film were auctioned; proceeds from the sale were donated to a charity. The auction took place around the day of the film's release. A Karaoke app developed by Singbox —a Swedish gaming studio—was launched on 2 August 2013 for Android and iOS based smartphones. Khan promoted his film on the reality television shows Comedy Nights with Kapil , Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah , Madhubala Ek Ishq Ek Junoon , DID Super Moms , Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 6 and Indian Idol Junior . The Zeitgeist — Google 's year-end compilation of
13104-499: The film. The song "1 2 3 4 Get On The Dance Floor" was released as a promotional single on World Music Day . On 27 June 2013, the video promo of the song "Titli" was released, and on 11 July 2013, the promo video of " Kashmir Main Tu Kanyakumari " was released. On 19 July 2013, T-Series uploaded a song to its official channel on YouTube; sung by Honey Singh . The song was titled " Lungi Dance – The 'Thalaivar(r)' Tribute" in honour of
13248-494: The first actor to be approached with the script and was the first lead actor to be signed for the film. Rohit Shetty stated that despite the title, Khan would not play a South Indian in the film. The casting of the lead heroine was the subject of much press speculation; Kareena Kapoor , Asin and Deepika Padukone were rumoured to be involved. Shetty denied those rumours, stating that the cast would be finalised in April 2012, and that he
13392-455: The food crisis, girls are being sold into marriage. Balkissa Chaibou [ ca ; es ; eu ; he ] is known as one of the most famous activists against forced marriage in Niger. Chaibou was 12 when she was informed by her own mother that she was to be married to her cousin, and when she was 16, she took to the courts. With little success, Chaibou was forced to a women's shelter before she
13536-447: The fourth weekend. By the fifth weekend, the film had grossed about US$ 17.25 million abroad. It was still collecting in its sixth weekend, taking its total to US$ 17.40 million . A platform running game titled Chennai Express: Escape from Rameshwaram , based on the film and featuring Shahrukh Khan & Deepika Padukone, was developed by Indiagames , Disney - UTV 's digital wing, and launched on 24 July 2013 for Android systems. In
13680-411: The game, the player rides a virtual roller-coaster, fighting off goons and dodging obstacles while they attempt to collect over 10,000 coins in order to unlock Padukone's game avatar. Hindi Modern Standard Hindi ( आधुनिक मानक हिन्दी , Ādhunik Mānak Hindī ), commonly referred to as Hindi , is the standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in Devanagari script . It
13824-485: The last 125 years, there are no academic studies of any of them – of their use in South Africa, their evolution and current decline. Hindi is adopted as the third official court language in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi . As a result of this status, the Indian workforce in UAE can file their complaints to the labour courts in the country in their own mother-tongue. Hindi is the lingua franca of northern India (which contains
13968-400: The man to the altar to prevent his escape. The use of violent coercion to marry was never legal in the United States , although many anecdotal stories and folk songs record instances of such intimidation in the 18th and 19th centuries. Purposes of the wedding include recourse from the man for the act of impregnation and to ensure that the child is raised by both parents as well as to ensure that
14112-435: The marriage they will be " cursed ". In some cases, the husband is much older than his bride, and when she becomes a widow, she is discriminated and excluded by society. According to Human Rights Watch, Malawi has "widespread child and forced marriage" and half of the girls marry before 18. The practice of bride price, known also as lobolo , is common in Malawi, and plays a major role in forced marriage. Wife inheritance
14256-513: The marriage, or to punish a refusal (in extreme cases women and girls who do not accept the marriage are subjected to honor killings ). Depending by jurisdiction, a forced marriage may or may not be void or voidable . Victims may be able to seek redress through annulment or divorce . In England and Wales , the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 stipulates that a forced marriage is voidable. In some jurisdictions, people who had coerced
14400-714: The men are carrying weapons. Rahul tells the Travelling Ticket Examiner about them, but they push the Examiner into a river below a bridge. A panicked Rahul learns that the four men are her cousins and that her name is Meenalochni "Meenamma" Azhagusundaram. Meenamma is fleeing from a forced marriage to a gangster Tangaballi, Meenamma's father Durgeshwara "Durgesh" Azhagusundaram is a powerful mafia kingpin and landlord in Tamil Nadu . Meenamma takes Rahul to Durgesh and introduces Rahul as her lover. Tangaballi challenges Rahul to
14544-591: The mid-20th century, many Western countries had enacted legislation establishing legal equality between spouses in family law . The period of 1975–1979 saw a major overhaul of family laws in countries such as Italy, Spain, Austria, West Germany, and Portugal. In 1978, the Council of Europe passed the Resolution (78) 37 on equality of spouses in civil law . Among the last European countries to establish full gender equality in marriage were Switzerland, Greece, Spain,
14688-436: The most frequent search queries—named Chennai Express the most trending topic of 2013 in India. The film's satellite television rights were sold to Zee Network for ₹ 480 million (US$ 8.19 million). The agreement was linked to the film's box office revenue—the first deal of its kind in Indian cinema. If Chennai Express collected over ₹ 1.3 billion (US$ 22.19 million) net, then for every ₹ 100 million earned after that,
14832-402: The moving train, but the train leaves the station before he can get off. Rahul tries to flirt with the woman, who starts communicating by singing parodies of Hindi film songs , and explains that the four men are trying to kidnap her. Rahul lends her his phone so that she can contact her friends, but the men with her grab it and throw it off the train. Rahul is annoyed, but says nothing because
14976-566: The name of his female co-star appear above his own in the credits. Sathyaraj was cast to play the role of Padukone's character's father, making his debut in Bollywood. Actress Priyamani was signed in January 2013 for an item number in the film replacing Nayanthara ; both the actresses would eventually go on to star alongside Khan in Jawan . Other personalities from Tamil cinema , including Delhi Ganesh and Mohan Raman , appear in minor roles. The film
15120-558: The necessary legislative or other measures to ensure that marriages concluded under force may be voidable, annulled or dissolved without undue financial or administrative burden placed on the victim. Article 37 – Forced marriage There are numerous factors which can lead to a culture which accepts and encourages forced marriages. Reasons for performing forced marriages include: strengthening extended family links; controlling unwanted behavior and sexuality; preventing 'unsuitable' relationships; protecting and abiding by cultural values; keeping
15264-641: The oath now in Nepali. I might rather take it in English." Hindi is a protected language in South Africa . According to the Constitution of South Africa , the Pan South African Language Board must promote and ensure respect for Hindi along with other languages. According to a doctoral dissertation by Rajend Mesthrie in 1985, although Hindi and other Indian languages have existed in South Africa for
15408-569: The official language of the imperial court during the reign of Shah Jahan . It is recorded that Emperor Aurangzeb spoke in Hindvi . The Hindustani vernacular became an expression of Indian national unity during the Indian Independence movement , and continues to be spoken as the common language of the people of the northern Indian subcontinent, which is reflected in the Hindustani vocabulary of Bollywood films and songs. Standard Hindi
15552-480: The older men, these young brides act as symbols of masculinity and accomplishment. Child brides endure forced sex, causing health risks and growth impediments. Primary education is usually not completed for young girls in forced marriages. Married and pregnant students are often discriminated against, and expelled and excluded from school. The Law of Marriage Act currently does not address issues with guardianship and child marriage. The issue of child marriage establishes
15696-523: The perceived need for such measures. Early and forced marriages can contribute to girls being placed in a cycle of poverty and powerlessness. Most are likely to experience mistreatment such as violence, abuse and forced sexual relations. This means that women who marry younger in age are more likely to be dominated by their husbands. They also experience poor sexual and reproductive health. Young married girls are more likely to contract HIV and their health could be in jeopardy. Most people who are forced into
15840-527: The perfect description of this film. If you don't plan to engage in a multi-lateral critique of dramatic elements and narrative, this film can be fun." Sarita Tanwar Of DNA gave 3.5/5 stars and wrote "This is a treat for all Hindi film lovers. It has all the ingredients you'd expect from a big commercial masala film—big star cast, drama, action, comedy, songs, the car chases and the big finish, all delivered in Shetty's unapologetic ishtyle ... Overall, this
15984-483: The place of the English borrowings (ṭeli)fon and ṭīvī . Hindi also features significant Persian influence, standardised from spoken Hindustani . Early borrowings, beginning in the mid-12th century, were specific to Islam (e.g. Muhammad , Islām ) and so Persian was simply an intermediary for Arabic. Later, under the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire , Persian became the primary administrative language in
16128-561: The power to initiate a marriage contract on behalf of a child before puberty, but once the child attains puberty he or she can accept or reject the marriage. The marriage contract can be annulled on grounds of coercion. However, in the Hanafi school of jurisprudence, a guardian is not needed to make the marriage valid. Forced marriage is prevalent in Madagascar . Girls are married off by their families, and often led to believe that if they refuse
16272-513: The previous weekend record set by Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani . Chennai Express set another record for worldwide opening gross, earning ₹ 1.59 billion (US$ 27.13 million) in the three-day weekend. The film performed well on Monday, collecting over ₹ 120 million (US$ 2.05 million). It grossed ₹ 115 million (US$ 1.96 million) on its first Tuesday, becoming Shah Rukh Khan's highest-grossing film in India. The film grossed ₹ 125.60 million (US$ 2.14 million) on Wednesday. Box Office India reported that
16416-468: The problem. The film's poster and trailer, released on Twitter and YouTube, were criticised by some Tamil media for their depiction of Tamil ethos. They said Padukone's heavily accented dialogue resembled a Malayalee accent rather than a Tamil one. Padukone defended the film, saying that it did not parody South Indian culture and that most of the crew, including herself, are South Indians. She later said, "Why would we spoof our own culture?" On 31 July 2013,
16560-457: The producers would get an additional ₹ 20 million. The film had its television premiere on 20 October 2013, and was seen by a record number of viewers , almost doubling that of the highest rated fiction show. It helped its broadcaster, Zee TV , to reach the top position among General Entertainment Channels that month. Along with Once Upon ay Time in Mumbai Dobaara! , Chennai Express
16704-522: The progressive use of Hindi language and impose restrictions on the use of the English language by the union government. In practice, the official language commissions are constantly endeavouring to promote Hindi but not imposing restrictions on English in official use by the union government. At the state level, Hindi is the official language of the following Indian states: Bihar , Chhattisgarh , Haryana , Himachal Pradesh , Jharkhand , Madhya Pradesh , Rajasthan , Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand . Hindi
16848-607: The same day as in India. Chennai Express was also released in Morocco, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, France, and Israel. The price of tickets for Chennai Express was increased 40 percent above the usual tariff during the weekday shows and up to 20 percent on weekends; although this increase was not uniformly applied in all multiplexes. The film was released in 2,550 cinemas across 3,550 screens in India, and across 700 screens internationally—including 196 screens in North America, 175 in
16992-495: The same language, Hindustani or Hindi-Urdu. Hindi is the most commonly used scheduled language in India and is one of the two official languages of the union , the other being English. Urdu is the national language and lingua franca of Pakistan and is one of 22 scheduled languages of India , also having official status in Uttar Pradesh , Jammu and Kashmir , Delhi , Telangana , Andhra Pradesh and Bihar . Hindi
17136-449: The script, Khan liked the idea and agreed to star in it before the Angoor remake, causing Angoor 's remake to be postponed. Shetty said the film is "a hard-core commercial film with a romantic angle. The story is about this man's travel from Mumbai to Rameshwaram and what happens during the journey." About 68 minutes of footage were enhanced with CGI by Reliance MediaWorks . Khan was
17280-444: The second-highest-grossing Bollywood film in ten days with a worldwide gross of ₹ 3.14 billion (US$ 53.59 million) . The film earned ₹ 1.85 billion (US$ 31.57 million) in two weeks and had collected ₹ 1.94 billion (US$ 33.11 million) after its third weekend in the domestic market. It grossed ₹ 160 million (US$ 2.73 million) in its third week, bringing up its total to ₹ 2.00.75 billion (US$ 34.13 million) . Chennai Express broke
17424-510: The table and the steady flow of funny one-liners serve Shetty's purpose well, turning Chennai Express into a full-on masala film that is completely unapologetic about its intentions. And that is its USP [Unique Selling Point]." Zee News gave 3/5 stars, stating that if one ignores the platitudes, the absence of "punch" in the script and predictability, then the person is "on board for a fun ride" with Chennai Express. India Today gave 3/5 stars and wrote "The good news first. ' Chennai Express '
17568-400: The term "forced marriage" because it invokes the consensual legitimating language of marriage (such as husband/wife) for an experience that is precisely the opposite. A variety of alternative terms have been proposed, including "forced conjugal association" and "conjugal slavery". The United Nations views forced marriage as a form of human rights abuse , since it violates the principle of
17712-419: The time and place the marriage would occur. Often, the marriage ceremony would be the first time the future spouses would meet. Parents and other family members were not allowed to participate in selecting the spouse or to attend the marriage ceremony. The Khmer Rouge maintained that parental authority was unnecessary because it "w[as] to be everyone's 'mother and father.'" Raptio is a Latin term referring to
17856-471: The transition from Middle Indo-Aryan to Hindi are: During the period of Delhi Sultanate in medieval India , which covered most of today's north India, eastern Pakistan, southern Nepal and Bangladesh and which resulted in the contact of Hindu and Muslim cultures , the Sanskrit and Prakrit base of Old Hindi became enriched with loanwords from Persian , evolving into the present form of Hindustani. Hindi achieved prominence in India after it became
18000-428: The unknown corners and comedy which isn't slapstick but works." Baradwaj Rangan wrote, "Still, given the material, Shetty does more right than wrong...Shetty fashions a Shah Rukh Khan showreel, borrowing bits from his greatest hits, and gives us an unfettered avatar of the star that the star himself has seemed somewhat ashamed, of late, to embrace." Shubhra Gupta of The Indian Express gave 2.5/5 stars and wrote that
18144-426: The victim into marriage may face criminal charges. In Islamic law, consent is needed for a valid marriage. Islamic marriage is concluded (but not excluding the bride) between the guardian ( wali ) of the bride and bridegroom, not between bridegroom and bride but her permission is still necessary and her wali, guardian, merely represents her. The guardian (wali) of the bride can only be a free Muslim . The wali has
18288-533: The villagers' distrust. Tangaballi catches Rahul as he tries to leave, but the villagers help them escape again. Meenamma persuades Rahul to disperse Y. Y.'s ashes and travels with him to Rameswaram, where they complete the rite. On their way back, Rahul realises that he has fallen for Meenamma and does not tell her where they are going. Rahul takes Meenamma back to Durgesh and tries to make him understand and honour Meenamma's wish, where he also tells Meenamma that he loves her. Rahul tells Tangaballi and his goons that he
18432-445: The wealth in the extended family; dealing with the consequences of pregnancy out of wedlock; considering the contracting of a marriage as the duty of the parents; obtaining a guarantee against poverty; aiding immigration. The traditional customs of dowry and bride price contribute to the practice of forced marriage. A dowry is the property or money that a wife (or wife's family) brings to her husband upon marriage. A bride price
18576-417: The whole, ' Chennai Express ' has the trademark Rohit Shetty stamp all over. You seek entertainment, entertainment and entertainment in a film like ' Chennai Express ' and the movie lives up to the hype and hoopla surrounding it." Rachit Gupta of Filmfare gave 4/5 stars and wrote "The film's peppered with humorous set pieces and colourful locales and songs. Shetty makes chettinad-style masala movies. And that's
18720-408: The winner. A shotgun wedding is a form of forced marriage occasioned by an unplanned pregnancy . Some religions and cultures consider it a moral imperative to marry in such a situation, based on reasoning that premarital sex or out-of-wedlock births are sinful, not sanctioned by law, or otherwise stigmatized. Giving birth outside marriage can, in some cultures, trigger extreme reactions from
18864-506: The woman has material means of support. In some cases, a major objective was the restoring of social honor to the mother. Shotgun weddings have become less common as the stigma associated with out-of-wedlock births has gradually faded and the number of such births has increased; the increasing availability of birth control , sex education and abortion , as well as material support to unwed mothers, such as Elterngeld , child benefits , parental leave , and free kindergartens have reduced
19008-668: The world including first and second language speakers. Hindi is the fastest growing language of India , followed by Kashmiri , Meitei , Gujarati and Bengali according to the 2011 census of India . The term Hindī originally was used to refer to inhabitants of the Indo-Gangetic Plain . It was borrowed from Classical Persian هندی Hindī ( Iranian Persian pronunciation: Hendi ), meaning ' of or belonging to Hind (India) ' (hence, ' Indian ' ). Another name Hindavī ( हिन्दवी ) or Hinduī ( हिन्दुई ) (from Persian هندوی 'of or belonging to
19152-424: The world until the 18th century. Typically, marriages were arranged by parents, grandparents or other relatives. The actual practices varied by culture, but usually involved the legal transfer of dependency of the woman from her father to the groom. The movement towards the emancipation of women in the 19th and 20th centuries led to major changes to marriage laws , especially regarding property and economic status. By
19296-409: The world, when it collected ₹ 396 crore (US$ 67.58 million). It currently stands as the eighteenth-highest-grossing Bollywood film worldwide. The film's gross broke the ₹ 392 crore (US$ 66.9 million) record set by 3 Idiots , according to Box Office India . The film's final worldwide gross was ₹ 424 crore ( US$ 72.31 million). During paid previews, Chennai Express performed well, with
19440-678: The world. For instance, in parts of Africa, one of the main obstacles for leaving the marriage is the bride price . Once the bride price has been paid, the girl is seen as belonging to the husband and his family. If she wants to leave, the husband may demand back the bride price that he had paid to the girl's family. The girl's family often cannot or does not want to pay it back. Some countries also have Male Guardianship requirements, prohibiting women from paying themselves out, but in other countries it has happened multiple times. British citizens escaping forced marriage abroad are forced to pay their repatriation costs or get into debt. This makes escaping
19584-522: Was also practiced by authoritarian governments as a way to meet population targets. The Khmer Rouge regime in Cambodia systematically forced people into marriages, to increase the population and continue the revolution. These marriage ceremonies consisted of no fewer than three couples and could be as large as 160 couples. Generally, the village chief or a senior leader of the community would approach both parties and inform them that they were to be married and
19728-617: Was also successful in Pakistan, where it collected Rs. 18.4 million (equivalent to Rs. 94 million or US$ 320,000 in 2021) in its opening weekend. By 18 August, the film had broken all box office records in Karachi by grossing over Rs. 40 million (US$ 140,000). The film earned ₹ 720 million (US$ 12.29 million) in just nine days in overseas markets. By the second weekend, it had grossed approximately US$ 14 million . Chennai Express had grossed about US$ 16 million by its third weekend overseas and US$ 16.85 million by
19872-474: Was composed by Amar Mohile; the songs were composed by the duo Vishal–Shekhar , and the lyrics were written by Amitabh Bhattacharya and Yo Yo Honey Singh . Recording of the songs began in late October 2012. The track "Ready Steady Po" was recorded in November 2012 by the music's composers. Several sources said that the director and actor were unsatisfied with the score. The director was reportedly asked to plan for
20016-502: Was envisioned that Hindi would become the sole working language of the Union Government by 1965 (per directives in Article 344 (2) and Article 351), with state governments being free to function in the language of their own choice. However, widespread resistance to the imposition of Hindi on non-native speakers, especially in South India (such as those in Tamil Nadu ) led to the passage of
20160-539: Was finally able to go home where she learned of her parents changed views on forced marriage, that they were now against it. The "Sexual Intercourse Related Crimes Bill" proposed in August 2020 in Somalia would allow both child marriage and forced marriage. The new bill "risks legitimizing child marriage, among other alarming practices," U.N. human rights chief Michelle Bachelet said. Thousands of people in Somalia circulated
20304-440: Was going to cast an established actress in the role. In October 2012, it was confirmed that Deepika Padukone had been signed to play the female lead opposite Khan, and photographs showing Padukone and Khan shooting were released. This was Padukone's second film opposite Khan, with whom she made her Bollywood debut in the 2007 blockbuster Om Shanti Om . Starting with this film, which was released on Women's Day, Khan wished to have
20448-441: Was initially abandoned by Pakistani distributors and exhibitors because four Pakistani films were released on the same day. The release dates were postponed to 15 and 9 August, respectively. During its Wai schedule of filming, the film's unit ran into trouble for using too much water from Dhom Dam , in the drought-stricken Satara district of Maharashtra . The state's relief and rehabilitation minister, Patangrao Kadam , addressed
20592-440: Was initially titled as Ready Steady Po . However, to emphasis on the connection with South India, the film was retitled as Chennai Express with the planned title used as the tagline. Filming on the project began at Mehboob Studio in Mumbai on 5 October 2012. Additional filming was done at Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus with a minimal crew. Stills of the lead actor were unofficially released in mid-October 2012. In November 2012,
20736-449: Was the scene for the song "Tera Rastaa Chhodoon Na". In January 2013, a shoot was supposedly scheduled to take place in Ooty , but since Khan felt that Ooty was too far from Mumbai, several locations from Ooty were reconstructed on the outskirts of Panchgani in Wai by the art director Narendra Ruharikar. It took over 40 days and ₹ 15 million to build the required sets. Filming in Wai took
#94905