37-511: Chartrand ( French pronunciation: [ʃaʁ.tʁɑ̃] ) is a surname that originates from France. It is a variation of the word "Chartrain", meaning someone from the city of Chartres . Notable people with the name include: Alaine Chartrand (born 1996), Canadian figure skater Aurèle Chartrand (1903–1975), Canadian barrister Brad Chartrand (born 1974), Canadian athlete in ice hockey Céline Chartrand (born 1962), Canadian javelin thrower at
74-619: A county which was held by the counts of Blois , and the counts of Champagne , and afterwards by the House of Châtillon , a member of which sold it to the Crown in 1286. In 1417, during the Hundred Years' War , Chartres fell into the hands of the English, from whom it was recovered in 1432. In 1528, it was raised to the rank of a duchy by Francis I . In 1568, during the second war of Religion , Chartres
111-516: A duchy to a duchy peerage in favor of his nephew, Duke Philippe II of Orléans . The title of Duke of Chartres was hereditary in the House of Orléans , and given to the eldest son of the Duke of Orléans. During the 1870–1871 Franco-Prussian War , Chartres was seized by the Germans on 2 October 1870, and continued during the rest of the war to be an important centre of operations. During World War II ,
148-451: A pleasant park, lies to the north-west, and squares and open spaces are numerous. Part of the Hôtel de Ville (City Hall) is a building of the 17th century called Hôtel de Montescot . The Maison Canoniale dating back to the 13th century, and several medieval and Renaissance houses, are of interest. There is a statue of General Marceau (1769–1796), a native of Chartres and a general during
185-663: Is also a handball club and it is playing in the French second division. In November 2012, Chartres organized the European Short Course Swimming Championships . The town is the seat of a diocese (bishopric), a prefecture, and a cour d'assises . It has a Tribunal de grande instance , a Tribunal d'instance , a Chamber of commerce and a branch of the Banque de France . Public and religious schooling from kindergarten through high school and vocational schools
222-676: Is best known for its cathedral, the Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Chartres , which is considered one of the finest and best preserved Gothic cathedrals in France and in Europe. Its historical and cultural importance has been recognized by its inclusion on the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites . It was built on the site of the former Chartres cathedral of Romanesque architecture , which was destroyed by fire in 1194 (that former cathedral had been built on
259-415: Is composed of around 16,100 IRIS in total, of which 650 are in the overseas departments. There are 3 types of IRIS unit in use; residential IRIS (pop. between 1,800 and 5,000), business IRIS (containing more than 1,000 employees) and miscellaneous IRIS (specific large zones which are sparsely inhabited and have large surface areas (leisure parks, ports, forests etc.). The following is a list of directors of
296-488: Is fringed in places by remains of the old fortifications, of which the Porte Guillaume (14th century), a gateway flanked by towers, was the most complete specimen, until destroyed by the retreating German army in the night of 15 to 16 August 1944. The steep, narrow streets of the old town contrast with the wide, shady boulevards which encircle it and separate it from the suburbs. The "parc André-Gagnon" or "Clos St. Jean",
333-563: Is given in mixed (boys and girls) establishments. The two main high schools are the Lycée Jehan de Beauce and the Lycée Marceau , named after two important personages of the history of Chartres: Jehan de Beauce was a 16th-century architect who rebuilt the northern steeple of the cathedral after it had been destroyed by lightning in July 1506, and Marceau , a native of city, who was a general during
370-563: Is in an exceptional state of preservation. The majority of the original stained glass windows survive intact, while the architecture has seen only minor changes since the early 13th century. Part of the old town, including most of the library associated with the School of Chartres , was destroyed by Allied bombs in 1944. Chartres was one of the principal towns in Gaul of the Carnutes , a Celtic tribe. In
407-535: Is responsible for the production and analysis of official statistics in France. Its best known responsibilities include: The INSEE is the responsibility of MINEFI , the French Ministry of Finance. The current director is Jean-Luc Tavernier. However, Eurostat considers INSEE as an independent body, although its independence is not written in the law. Research and teaching for the INSEE is undertaken by GENES or Group of
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#1732887381333444-625: Is the prefecture of the Eure-et-Loir department in the Centre-Val de Loire region in France. It is located about 90 km (56 mi) southwest of Paris. At the 2019 census, there were 170,763 inhabitants in the metropolitan area of Chartres (as defined by the INSEE ), 38,534 of whom lived in the city ( commune ) of Chartres proper. Chartres is famous worldwide for its cathedral . Mostly constructed between 1193 and 1250, this Gothic cathedral
481-434: Is the name for France's unit of division of geographical regions for the purposes of taking a census . In order to prepare for the dissemination of the 1999 French population census, INSEE developed a system for dividing the country into units of equal size, known as IRIS2000, now known simply as 'IRIS'. The acronym stands for 'Ilots Regroupés pour l'Information Statistique' ('aggregated units for statistical information') and
518-629: The French Revolution . The Maison Picassiette , a house decorated inside and out with mosaics of shards of broken china and pottery, was built by Raymond Isidore. Chartres is one of the most important market towns in the region of Beauce (known as "the granary of France"). Historically, game pies and other delicacies of Chartres were well known, and the industries also included flour-milling, brewing, distilling, iron-founding, leather manufacture, perfumes, dyeing, stained glass, billiard requisites and hosiery. More recently, businesses include
555-597: The French economy and people and carries out the periodic national census. Headquartered in Montrouge , a commune in the southern Parisian suburbs, it is the French branch of Eurostat . The INSEE was created in 1946 as a successor to the Vichy regime 's National Statistics Service (SNS). It works in close cooperation with the Institut national d'études démographiques (INED). The INSEE
592-671: The Gallo-Roman period, it was called Autricum , name derived from the river Autura (Eure), and afterwards civitas Carnutum , "city of the Carnutes", from which Chartres got its name. The city was raided and burned down by the Norsemen in 858, and once again besieged, this time unsuccessfully, by them in 911. During the Middle Ages , it was the most important town of the Beauce . It gave its name to
629-582: The SNS or National Statistics Service . As part of this reorganization, six new offices were created in the Northern (occupied) zone whose regional structure is maintained today in INSEE. René Carmille created an Applied Sciences School (predecessor of the current ENSAE ) to specially train members for the SNS. Carmille worked for Vichy France but he was actually a double agent for the French underground. From his position in
666-425: The 1984 and 1988 Olympics Simonne Monet-Chartrand (1919–1993), Canadian activist Tanya Chartrand , American social psychologist Victor-Stanislas Chartrand (1887–1966), Canadian politician [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with the surname Chartrand . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding
703-818: The 1988 Olympics David Chartrand (born 1960), Canadian politician and activist Ervin Chartrand , Canadian Ojibway/Métis film director, writer and producer Gary Chartrand (born 1936), US mathematics professor Gilbert Chartrand (born 1954), Canadian politician Isabelle Chartrand (born 1978), Canadian athlete in ice hockey Joseph Chartrand (1870–1933), US bishop Judy Chartrand (born 1959), Canadian artist and political activist Lina Chartrand (1948–1994), Canadian writer Martine Chartrand (born 1962), Haitian-Canadian filmmaker, visual artist and teacher Michel Chartrand (1916–2010), Canadian politician Miranda Chartrand (born 1990), Canadian singer Philippe Chartrand (born 1963), Canadian gymnast at
740-440: The 2000 in the name referred not only to the upcoming millennium year but to the target size of 2,000 residents per basic unit. Since 1999, IRIS has represented the fundamental unit for dissemination of infra-municipal data in France and its overseas departments and regions . Towns with more than 10,000 inhabitants, and a large proportion of towns with between 5,000 and 10,000 inhabitants, are divided into several IRIS units. France
777-746: The French Revolution of 1789. Chartres has been a site of Catholic pilgrimages since the Middle Ages. The poet Charles Péguy (1873–1914) revived the pilgrimage route between Paris and Chartres before World War I . After the war, some students carried on the pilgrimage in his memory. Since 1982, the association Notre-Dame de Chrétienté , with offices in Versailles , organizes the annual 100 km (62 mi) pilgrimage on foot from Notre-Dame de Paris to Notre-Dame de Chartres . About 15,000 pilgrims, from France and countries outside France, participate every year. Notable bishops of Chartres : Chartres
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#1732887381333814-619: The French sixth division, and HB Chartres , who play in the seventh tier. Chartres has a table tennis club which is playing in the Pro A (French First division) and in the European Champions League . The club won the ETTU Cup on the season 2010 – 2011 and it finished at the second position in the French First division. Chartres has the second most important squash club in France. There
851-649: The National Schools of the Economy and Statistics (French: Groupe des Écoles Nationales d'Économie et Statistique ) which includes: INSEE gives numerical indexing codes (French: les Codes INSEE ) to various entities in France: The INSEE was preceded by several related statistical agencies in France. In 1833, the Statistics Bureau (French: Bureau de la statistique ) was created by Adolphe Thiers . In 1840 it
888-695: The SNS he sabotaged the Nazi census of France, which saved untold numbers of Jewish people from death camps. He also used his department to help mobilize French resistance in Algeria. He was caught by the Nazis and sent to Dachau where he died in 1945. The SNS was finally transformed into the INSEE by the law of 27 April 1946, The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Surveys for the metropolis and overseas France ( L'Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques pour la métropole et la France d'outre-mer ). IRIS
925-428: The U.S. Third Army commanded by Lieutenant General George S. Patton, Jr. Chartres is built on a hill on the left bank of the river Eure . Its renowned medieval cathedral is at the top of the hill, and its two spires are visible from miles away across the flat surrounding lands. To the southeast stretches the fertile plain of Beauce , the "granary of France", in which Chartres is the commercial centre. Chartres
962-458: The apostles in enamel, created about 1547 by Léonard Limosin , which now can be seen in the fine arts museum. Other noteworthy churches of Chartres are Saint-Aignan (13th, 16th and 17th centuries), and Saint-Martin-au-Val (12th century), inside the Saint-Brice hospital. The river Eure, which at this point divides into three branches, is crossed by several bridges, some of them ancient, and
999-426: The cathedral and, after searching it all the way up its bell tower , confirmed to headquarters that it was empty of Germans. The order to destroy the cathedral was withdrawn. Colonel Griffith was killed in action later on that day in the town of Lèves , 3.5 kilometres (2.2 miles) north of Chartres. For his heroic action both at Chartres and Lèves, Colonel Griffith posthumously received several decorations awarded by
1036-501: The city suffered heavy damage by bombing and during the battle of Chartres in August 1944, but its cathedral was spared by an American Army officer who challenged the order to destroy it. On 16 August 1944, Colonel Welborn Barton Griffith, Jr. questioned the necessity of destroying the cathedral and volunteered to go behind enemy lines to find out whether the Germans were using it as an observation post. With his driver, Griffith proceeded to
1073-604: The foundations of the modern organization. In 1940, the Demographic Service ( Service de la démographie ) was created under the Ministry of Finance in order to replace the military recruitment office prohibited by the June 1940 Armistice with Nazi Germany . In order to better conceal its undertakings, the Demographic Service absorbed the SGF on 11 October 1941. The new organization was called
1110-474: The manufacture of electronic equipment and car accessories. Since 1976 the fashion and perfumes company Puig has had a production plant in this commune. The Gare de Chartres railway station offers frequent services to Paris, and a few daily connections to Le Mans , Nogent-le-Rotrou and Courtalain . The A11 motorway connects Chartres with Paris and Le Mans. Chartres is home to two semi-professional association football clubs; FC Chartres , who play in
1147-506: The person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chartrand&oldid=1242221385 " Categories : Surnames Surnames of French origin Hidden categories: Pages with French IPA Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata All set index articles Chartres Chartres ( French pronunciation: [ʃaʁtʁ] )
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1184-510: The president of the United States and the U.S. military, and also from the French government. Following deep reconnaissance missions in the region by the 3rd Cavalry Group and units of the 1139 Engineer Combat Group , and after heavy fighting in and around the city, Chartres was liberated, on 18 August 1944, by the U.S. 5th Infantry and 7th Armored Divisions belonging to the XX Corps of
1221-406: The ruins of an ancient Celtic temple, later replaced by a Roman temple). Begun in 1205, the construction of Notre-Dame de Chartres was completed 66 years later. The stained glass windows of the cathedral were financed by guilds of merchants and craftsmen, and by wealthy noblemen, whose names appear at the bottom. It is not known how the famous and unique blue, bleu de Chartres , of the glass
1258-536: Was created, and it has been impossible to replicate it. The French author Michel Pastoureau says that it could also be called bleu de Saint-Denis . The Église Saint-Pierre de Chartres was the church of the Benedictine Abbaye Saint-Père-en-Vallée , founded in the 7th century by queen Balthild . At time of its construction, the abbey was outside the walls of the city. It contains fine stained glass and, formerly, twelve representations of
1295-416: Was renamed SGF or General Statistics of France . Under the direction of Lucien March, the SGF expanded its activities. It began an investigation of consumption habits in 1907, following with periodic investigations on retail prices in 1911. In 1920 Alfred Sauvy introduced competitive entrance exams for SGF recruitment. However, it was René Carmille , a pioneer of the use of the calculators , who laid
1332-485: Was the birthplace of: Chartres is twinned with: Institut national de la statistique et des %C3%A9tudes %C3%A9conomiques The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies ( French : Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques ), abbreviated INSEE or Insee ( / ɪ n s eɪ / in- SAY , French pronunciation: [inse] ), is the national statistics bureau of France . It collects and publishes information about
1369-613: Was unsuccessfully besieged by the Huguenot leader, the Prince of Condé . It was finally taken by the royal troops of Henry IV on 19 April 1591. On Sunday, 27 February 1594, the cathedral of Chartres was the site of the coronation of Henry IV after he converted to the Catholic faith, the only king of France whose coronation ceremony was not performed in Reims . In 1674, Louis XIV raised Chartres from
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