The Johor Strait (also known as the Tebrau Strait , Straits of Johor, Selat Johor , Selat Tebrau , and Tebrau Reach , also spelled Johore Strait ) is an international strait in Southeast Asia , between Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia .
57-508: Changi Depot is located in Changi near Koh Sek Lim Road, Singapore . Changi Depot comprises a train yard, which can hold a capacity of 46 trains and has an area of 250,000 square metres (2,690,978 sq ft). The depot is used for both train inspection and deployment of trains to the East West line . The depot was up and running in late 1980s when the East West line was completed. This depot
114-683: A SkyTrain connection and the shuttle bus from Terminal 2 is available as a possible connection. There exists the Changi Railway for a period of time in the 1930s to the 1940s which was used by the British prior to and during World War II, its primary function was to transport ammunition from the piers near Fairy Point Hill to the Johore batteries located around Changi. However they have since been dismantled. The East Coast Parkway (ECP), Pan Island Expressway (PIE) and Tampines Expressway (TPE) all start from
171-507: A compromise on its sovereignty. Other proposed crossings include Johor Bahru–Singapore Rapid Transit System and Kuala Lumpur–Singapore high-speed rail . Both of which would have started construction in 2019, but have since been delayed due to the change of political administration in Malaysia in 2018 and the ongoing efforts to reduce national debts incurred previously under Najib Razak's administration. Major tributaries which empty into
228-558: A number of leisure facilities in Changi, including resorts, nature and sports facilities. Such facilities generally cater to a weekend getaway for Singaporeans. Changi Airport is a hub for FedEx Express , Jetstar Asia Airways, Qantas , Scoot , Singapore Airlines , Singapore Airlines Cargo , Tiger Airways and Valuair . These airlines' head offices are located as follows: Singapore Airlines in Airline House, Singapore Airlines Cargo in
285-470: Is Singapore's largest prison, Changi Prison . It was used as a Japanese prisoner-of-war camp during the occupation of Singapore in World War II . The prison is Singapore's oldest operating internment facility. The early Malay place name of Changi was Tanjong Rusa (English: Deer cape), as written in the 1604 Godinho de Eredia map of Singapore. The name Changi was known in the early 19th century. In
342-583: Is also the Singapore Expo which provides companies with a place to hold conventions and exhibitions. Changi, except for its airport, falls under the jurisdiction of the Bedok Police Division , and the Loyang Fire Post that is supplemented by the 2nd Singapore Civil Defence Force DIV HQ. Immigration and custom controls at all ferry terminals are controlled by ICA. The Airport Police Division
399-716: Is beside the NEWater Visitor Centre and is near Expo MRT station . The depot is located between Expo station and Tanah Merah station on the East West line and has 2 reception tracks: 2 tracks westbound towards Tanah Merah station. The depot will be replaced by the East Coast Integrated Depot in 2026. On 6 November 1983, the large part of the Changi Depot land was acquired for the MRT stabling yard. To construct
456-461: Is considered to be a shoppers' paradise with duty-free shopping available inside the airport's transit area. Besides those, the Changi Village hawker centre is renowned for its food options, with shophouses also found around the area for the convenience of its residents. Food and amenity centres are also found all around the industrial estates, including the airfreight centre. Places of worship in
513-497: Is further west over the strait, links Iskandar Puteri in Malaysia and Tuas in Singapore. In 2003, Malaysia wanted to build a bridge across the strait to replace the existing causeway, but negotiations with Singapore were not successful. The main reasons cited for the change were: In August 2003, Malaysia announced that it was going ahead with a plan to build a gently sloping, curved bridge that would join up with Singapore's half of
570-466: Is generally flat because most of Changi today sits on reclaimed land, there are however three notable hills in the Changi Village area, Battery (Biggin) Hill, Fairy Point Hill and Temple Hill. The ground conditions on reclaimed land however were soft marine clay which could not support the runway and taxiways of the airport, and thus works had to carried out accordingly to drain the water and strengthen them. There are also two reservoirs located in Changi,
627-472: Is located in the basement of Terminal 2. However all bus services serving this bus terminal, namely 24, 27, 34, 36, 53, 110 and 858 serves the airport’s terminals 1, 2 and 3. Only bus services 24, 34, 36 and 110 operate from Terminal 4 of the airport. Private buses and coaches also operate from the airport via dedicated coach boarding bays, including services such as Transtar Cross Border Service (TS1) to Johor Bahru , Malaysia. Changi Business Park Bus Terminal
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#1733085979769684-484: Is located north of SUTD. Only two bus services, 47 and 118, serves this bus terminal. However, there are more bus services that ply within the Changi Business Park that do not call at this terminal, which include public bus service 20 and other private bus services. Changi Village Bus Terminal is located adjacent to Changi Village hawker centre. Bus services 2, 29, 59 and 109 operate from this bus terminal. There
741-510: Is located to the west of Changi Airport, and Tanah Merah Coast Road which is located to the east of the airport. There is no expressway that heads for a similar direction. There are multiple points of entry to Singapore via sea. The Changi Ferry Terminal, Changi Point Ferry Terminal, and Tanah Merah Ferry Terminal are for civilian use while the CAFHI Jetty, Changi Naval Base, and SAF Changi Ferry Terminal are for private or military use and access
798-640: Is next to the airfreight centre, as well as the Tanah Merah Ferry Terminal are only accessible via bus service 35. However access to both of the locations are not restricted. Changi is served by 3 MRT stations, Changi Airport on the East West MRT line , Upper Changi on the Downtown MRT line and Expo which is an interchange station for both lines. All of the stations are located in the south or central of Changi, hence there are no MRT stations in
855-510: Is responsible for the overall security of Changi Airport. It is supported by auxiliary police like AETOS , Certis CISCO and SATS Security, that are usually deployed as front line officers for baggage and personnel screening as well as controlling entry points into transit areas, including the airfreight centre. The airport police is further supported by the Police K9 Changi Base and the 9 SIR infantry soldiers to maintain protection of
912-405: Is restricted. Destinations reachable from the Changi and Changi Point Ferry Terminals include Tanjung Belungkor on the eastern side of Johor, Malaysia, in addition, bumboat ferries operate to Pulau Ubin only from Changi Point. Batam and Bintan, Indonesia, are reachable via Tanah Merah Ferry Terminal. All civilian ferry terminals are operated locally except for Changi Ferry Terminal which is managed by
969-545: Is served internally by the Changi Airport Skytrain system that operates between Terminals 1, 2 and 3, both in the transit as well as public areas. Terminal 3 additionally has a Skytrain in the transit area that operates between the ends of the terminal for travellers convenience. The Skytrain is free of charge and is operationally between 5 am and 2.30 am, and at all other times travellers can take shuttle buses or travel on foot between terminals. Terminal 4 does not have
1026-718: Is the home of Singapore Changi International Airport , which is considered to be the leading aviation hub in the region and serves many regional and international destinations. Most of Singapore's international arrival and departure are made via this airport. It is one of two civilian airports in Singapore, the other being Seletar Airport . There are three bus terminals in Changi: Changi Airport Passenger Terminal Building Bus Terminal , Changi Business Park Bus Terminal and Changi Village Bus Terminal . The main Changi Airport bus terminal
1083-570: Is the main premises for the incarcerated in Singapore. It is currently operating from a new building site with various clusters that hold offenders of various classification. Additionally, the Tanah Merah Prison School, which took over Kaki Bukit Prison School in 2011, is the only prison school in Singapore, where inmates can sit for either the GCE 'O' , 'N' or 'A' Levels Examinations. Besides prisons, Changi also has rehabilitation centres like
1140-767: The Changi Creek Reservoir and South End Reservoir which are located to the north and south of Changi Airport respectively. The Changi planning area as defined by the Urban Redevelopment Authority encompasses the subzone of Changi Airport, Changi Point and Changi West, although in comparison to the parliamentary electoral boundaries or the Changi Estate that is commonly known in public they all differ from one another slightly. There are numerous amenities spread around Changi. They include shopping malls like Changi City Point and even Changi Airport, which
1197-670: The East Region of Singapore . Sharing borders with Pasir Ris and Tampines to the west, Changi Bay to the southeast, the South China Sea to the east and the Serangoon Harbour to the north. Changi, excluding the two water catchments and islands of Singapore, is the largest planning area by land size. Today, Changi is an aviation hub. It is the location of both the Changi Airport and Changi Air Base . Also located within Changi
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#17330859797691254-563: The 1820s to 1830s of Singapore island, Changi was also named Franklin Point after Captain Franklin who was involved in these early surveys. Early Changi was mostly a malaria mosquito infested swampland and jungle that had several kampongs spread across the vast area. Several of these kampongs included from north to south, Kampong Changi, Kampong Telok Paku, Kampong Ayer Gemuroh, Kampong Somapah, Kampong Mata Ikan and Kampong Padang Terbakar, although
1311-640: The 1828 map by Franklin and Jackson , the extreme southeastern tip of the island is referred to as Tanjong Changi. Vessels using the Johor Straits would have to pass by Changi. There are many versions of the etymological roots of the name Changi. The first director of the Singapore Botanic Gardens Henry Ridley suggested that it gets its name from a tall tree, Pokok Chengal or Cengal ( Malay for Neobalanocarpus heimii , also known as Balanscorpus heimii or Balano scorpas ), which
1368-465: The British starting building up its military presence at the area and this included the construction of military barracks and the infamous Changi Hospital , with Chinese and Indian labourers brought in from the city. Defences along Changi's southern coast were also beefed up with the construction of machine-gun pillboxes in anticipation of the Imperial Japanese Army arrival by sea. Construction
1425-576: The Changi Airfreight Centre, which has services 9, 19 and 89 operating within it. Access to the airfreight centre is restricted and all buses entering the centre are individually checked by auxiliary police officers to ensure that all passengers have valid passes. Commuters wishing to enter the airfreight centre and do not have the required passes are to alight at the Police Pass Office bus stop to obtain their passes. The ALPS Terminal, which
1482-544: The Johor Port Authority. SAF Changi Ferry Terminal, also known as Singapore Armed Forces Ferry Terminal (SAFFT), is a jetty that provides ferry services between Singapore's main island and Pulau Tekong , the site of SAF's Basic Military Training Centre . Straits of Johor The strait separates the Malaysian state of Johor on the mainland Malay Peninsula to the north, from Singapore and its islands on
1539-562: The Lloyd Leas Community Supervision Centre, which recently saw the nearby Selarang Park Community Supervision Centre being relocated into it so that and the site can be redeveloped to a halfway house. Past prisons and rehabilitation centres in the area include Abingdon Prison/Drug Rehabilitation Centre and Changi Women's Prison. The Changi Women's Prison was merged into the new Changi Prison Complex in October 2017. Changi
1596-498: The MRT depot, the Kampong Koh Sek Lim was cleared by December 1983, and residents had moved to Tampines and Bedok. On 18 May 2010, a Kawasaki Heavy Industries C151 train carriage was deliberately vandalised in the depot. Elaborate graffiti was drawn on the lower half of the carriage. A Swiss national, Oliver Fricker was charged with three charges of trespassing into the depot on the early hours of 17 May and vandalising
1653-535: The Malaysian side. Environmental Impact Assessments are requested before any reclamation is carried out such as the Forest City project. Reclamation projects may also endanger the habitat and food source of dugongs , which are native to the strait. The Johore Strait is the location of two Victoria Cross deeds. The award was for Lieutenant Ian Edward Fraser and Acting Leading Seaman James Joseph Magennis for
1710-799: The SATS Airfreight Cargo Terminal 5, Jetstar Asia, Scoot and Valuair in Terminal 1 of the airport. The Changi Airfreight Centre (formerly known as Airport Cargo Complex) and the Airport Logistics Park (ALPS) Terminal are two main facilities that handle the airport-related goods and services daily. This may include inflown and outflown cargo, as well as aeroplane maintenance related services. The Immigration and Checkpoints Authority (ICA) also maintains its presence there to enforce customs, inspect and even quarantine goods entering Singapore. There are other smaller industries located nearer to
1767-640: The Strait of Johore include: In the Malay language , Sungai is the word for river. Pollution along the Johore Strait is notable. The area is also a source of environmental contention between Malaysia and Singapore, due to land reclamation projects on both sides of the Causeway. There have been suggestions that the ongoing land reclamation projects may impact the maritime boundary , shipping lanes, and water ecology of
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1824-470: The air force include, Changi Air Base East and West, and finally for the navy include Changi Naval Base . With plans to move Paya Lebar Air Base to Changi come 2030 and as well as the construction of Changi Airport Terminal 5, Changi Air Base is undergoing significant redevelopment works which include the lengthening of the runway. The SAF Ferry Terminal is also the starting point for the famous 24 km route march for new army recruits before they head in
1881-504: The airport's runway. It also has two casualty clearance stations and one sea rescue base located at Changi Airport Fuel Hydrant Installation (CAFHI) Jetty. AES operates 18 firefighting vehicles, two hovercraft and two fire boats. Changi houses several military installations of all three branches of Singapore's defence forces. Installations for the army in the area include Hendon Camp and the SAF Changi Ferry Terminal , while for
1938-533: The airport. ICA works independently from the airport police and maintains control over immigration and customs in all terminals and air cargo entry points. It works with the Singapore Customs in customs and excise related issues. The airport has its own firefighting and rescue services, the Airport Emergency Service (AES) that operates two fire stations and one fire substation that are located around
1995-570: The area include Changi Bethany Church, Maranatha Bible Presbyterian Church, Sree Ramar Hindu Temple and Yan Kit Village Chinese Temple. Currently the Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore's fourth autonomous university, is located at its permanent campus in Changi. Otherwise there are presently no public government schools in Changi but there were several that used to operate in its history. Additionally there are also several private and international schools operating in
2052-542: The area like BNP Paribus Campus, One World International School and Singapore Aviation Academy . These were the schools that used to operate from Changi and most were cleared away for the construction of Changi Airport. All but one of them are now defunct, namely: Additionally the British and later the Australian and New Zealand (ANZ) government opened schools for children of servicemen deployed in Singapore: There are
2109-530: The direction of The Float @ Marina Bay for their passing out parade, besides being the typical connecting point for military personnel travelling between Pulau Tekong and Singapore. Singapore Prison Service (SPS) is headquartered in Changi and most of its departments are located in the vicinity of its headquarters, like the Prison Logistics Branch. SPS operates two prisons in Changi, Changi Prison Complex and Tanah Merah Prison School. Changi Prison
2166-548: The eastern side of Changi also saw government bungalows and resorts opened for civil servants use. In 1971, because of the East of Suez policy that was announced by the British earlier in 1968, there was a sudden and large withdrawal of British troops from Changi. The vacated area saw many people whose livelihood and businesses depended on providing for the British forces becoming jobless and unsustainable. However, there were still contingents of ANZUK troops that were left in its place and
2223-559: The end of Airport just south of the perimeter of the airport. Airport Boulevard is the only road available for travellers wishing to enter or exit Changi Airport via road and it branches out to all four terminals inside the airport. There are dedicated roads for arrival, departure, coaches, public buses and taxis within each terminal. Taxi surcharge to and from the airport is $ 3 per ride or $ 5 per ride on Friday to Sunday, between 5 pm and 12 am. There are three major roads that head to Changi Village: Loyang Avenue and Upper Changi Road North, which
2280-454: The exact founding dates of many of these kampongs are unknown. The place was first redeveloped by the British as a summer house and a getaway location from the city centre of Singapore in the 1890s, and was prized for its tranquillity and remoteness. The existence of the resorts there today still bear testament to the original redevelopments there. Starting from the 1920s due to increasing tension across Asia and Europe in anticipation for war,
2337-423: The existing causeway. The plans included a swing bridge for the railway line. However, plans to build the bridge have been called off by Malaysia as of 2006 after Singapore said it was amenable to the bridge if the negotiations include other bilateral matters such as the use of Malaysian airspace by Singapore's air force and the buying of water and sand resources from Malaysia. Malaysia viewed Singapore's proposal as
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2394-433: The government of New Zealand even bolstered its presence in Singapore in the wake of the British withdrawal to maintain its interest in the region. The area then later became home to several of Singapore Armed Forces units too. Changi was then revitalised with Changi Village and Somapah spruced up and Changi Airport being constructed in the area after land reclamation took place. However, this caused further disruptions to
2451-417: The increase in cargo volume. Changi Business Park and Changi North Industrial Park are industrial estates located within Changi that have aeroplane related businesses housed in them, like Collins Aerospace , but the industrial parks also contain many other businesses that are unrelated to the operations of Changi Airport. The businesses there may range from logistical, to electronics and even banking. There
2508-430: The livelihood of the residents as they had to make way for the airport and later the many other redevelopments in the area including high tech industrial estates. Finally in 1989, the last of New Zealand troops withdrew and all its remaining assets were handed over to the Singapore government. Redevelopment works continued into the 21st century with the progressive opening of the airport's terminal 3, 4 in 2008 and 2017, and
2565-595: The new Changi Prison Complex in 2004. Despite the strong progress of these developments, there were several ventures that were eventually stalled, like the Changi Motorsports Hub, which was expected to open as Singapore's first permanent motor racing circuit, but was halted in 2013. Future development of Changi is in the pipelines with a mega-sized Terminal 5 and the Changi East Industrial Zone expected to be ready before 2030. The terrain in Changi
2622-455: The passenger terminals in Changi like the DNATA and SATS Inflight Catering Centre which also cater to the airports' needs, which may include aeroplane food catering, providing manpower and goods for operation as well as the maintenance of the airport itself. By 2030 the construction of Changi East Industrial Zone is also expected to be completed on par with the opening of Terminal 5 to be able to handle
2679-442: The rolling stock of the East West , Downtown and Thomson–East Coast lines. The facility is an underground (66 tracks for DTL), at-grade (62 tracks for TEL) and elevated depot (72 tracks for EWL) spread over three levels for each line. In August 2014, it was announced the completion date will be in 2026. Changi Changi ( / ˈ tʃ ɑː ŋ i / ) is a planning area located in the geographical region of Tanah Merah in
2736-413: The security companies, employed by SMRT, have been instructed to step up vigilance. The number of security personnel and patrols at each depot has been increased. SMRT was fined S$ 50,000 for this incident. In August 2012, plans were announced to replace the existing Changi Depot, which will be demolished. A new depot, East Coast Integrated Depot, will be built beside the current site. The depot will house
2793-560: The south. It connects to the Strait of Malacca on the west, and the Singapore Strait on the southeast. The mouth and delta of the Johor River is on its northeast side in Malaysia. There are currently two bridges crossing the strait. The Johor–Singapore Causeway , known simply as "The Causeway", links Johor Bahru and Woodlands in Singapore. The Malaysia–Singapore Second Link bridge
2850-637: The surrounding barracks where they were interned. The POW Camps were overcrowded and life as described by those who were interned there was unbearable, multiple incidents including the Selarang Barracks incident took place. Civilians were also not spared, the Sook Ching massacre which targeted mainly the Chinese population, took place at multiple locations in Changi, most notably at Changi Beach Park . Thousands were believed to have been executed in these areas. It
2907-474: The train by spraying paint and damaging public property by cutting a wired fence into property belonging to the Land Transport Authority . Another British national has also been named as being involved in the case. However, his whereabouts are unknown. SMRT apologised for the security lapse on 8 June 2010. It reviewed the security measures in all depots together with the authorities. All personnel of
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#17330859797692964-556: The vicinity of Changi Village or the airfreight centre, located in the north. Xilin MRT station is under construction as part of the Downtown line extension and would bring greater connectivity to Changi Business Park when it opens in 2026. There are however plans for the northern part of Changi as well as the upcoming Changi Airport Terminal 5 to be linked via the Cross Island MRT line and Thomson–East Coast MRT line . Changi Airport
3021-530: Was a bluff that drew vital resources from the west of Singapore that was the eventual landing site used by the Japanese. The area also saw action of three giant artillery guns called the Johore Battery , though their usefulness in defending Singapore has been questionable. In 1942, after the surrender of the British in Singapore, Allied Prisoners-of-Wars (POW) were made to march from the city to Changi Prison and
3078-461: Was briefly halted during the Great Depression but was subsequently resumed as these structures were considered vital for the defence of Singapore. During World War II (WWII), the area saw mass mobilisation of Allied troops in anticipation of a Japanese invasion from the north-eastern coasts of Singapore as the Japanese had moved to capture the neighbouring Pulau Ubin from Malaysia. However it
3135-407: Was common in the area in the early nineteenth century. It is also written and pronounced as "Chengai". Its heavy timber is commonly used for buildings and furniture and noted for its strength and deep rich colour. Other sources suggests that it comes from a climbing shrub found in the area, the changi ular ( Hopea sangal ), or chengal asir ( Thottea piperiformis ). During the early surveys in
3192-422: Was during this time too that the Japanese were also involved in the planning and construction of Changi Air Base . After the war in 1945, the British continued to maintain Changi for military purposes, while rebuilding up the area to include accommodations, schools and resorts. They continued to do so even after the independence of Singapore in 1965, as with other areas like Seletar and Tengah . The coast along
3249-566: Was previously another bus terminal, the Somapah Bus Terminal located near the present-day Expo. It was opened in 1981 but demolished in 1989 to make way for redevelopments in the Expo area. Its bus services used to serve the east including the newly built Changi Airport which didn't have a bus terminal then. There are many more bus services that ply within the entire Changi Estate. Several notable locations with bus services running to them include
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