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28-548: It is a sub-prefecture of the department. It is the largest city in the department; however, the department capital is the smaller city of Mâcon . Chalon-sur-Saône lies in the south of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté and in the east of France, approximately 55 km (34 mi) north of Mâcon. It is located on the Saône river, and was once a busy port, acting as a distribution point for local wines which were sent up and down

56-459: A 1962 contract for a complete plant at Chooz . Westinghouse sold its stake to engineering firm Creusot-Loire in 1976, and the company became solely French owned. In 2001, Siemens sold its reactor business to Framatome. As part of a larger series of mergers with Cogema and Technicatome, Framatome became the Areva NP division of the new Areva . It changed its name back to Framatome in 2018 after

84-509: A bus network ZOOM , including a free bus in the center, lines to surrounding communities, and services for disabled riders. There also exists a bike sharing scheme Réflex . St. Vincent's Cathedral on the Place Saint-Vincent which, while dating mainly from the 12th to the 15th centuries, has some elements dating from the eighth century and a neo-gothic nineteenth century façade. The church of St Pierre, with two steeples, dates from

112-543: A full range of reactor services. It is responsible for Flamanville 3 , Taishan 1 and 2 , and Hinkley Point C projects. In addition, Framatome conducts preliminary study for construction of six reactors at the Jaitapur Nuclear Power Project in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Framatome provides EPR reactors , which is a third generation pressurised water reactor (PWR) design, and Kerena reactors , which

140-586: A major investment by utility operator EDF . While originally a licensing and construction business, today Framatome supplies the entire reactor life-cycle, including design of the European Pressurized Reactor (EPR), construction, fuel management and many related tasks. Framatome was founded in 1958 by several companies of the French industrial giant Schneider Group along with Empain , Merlin Gérin , and

168-605: A municipal library. The Élan Chalon basketball club is a member of the LNB Pro A , and plays its home matches at the Le Colisée . Other sports clubes include FC Chalon , HBC Chalon-sur-Saône, Volley-Ball Chalon-sur-Saône and the former RC Chalon . Notable people associated with the city include: Chalon-sur-Saône is twinned with: Subprefectures in France In France , a subprefecture ( French : sous-préfecture )

196-568: A new nuclear conglomerate called Areva was formed, and Framatome became Areva NP. In 2007, Areva and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries created a joint venture named Atmea , for marketing the ATMEA1 reactor design. In 2009, Areva NP acquired 30% stake in the Mitsubishi Nuclear Fuel company. In 2009, Siemens sold its remaining shares in Areva NP. In 2018, after restructuring of Areva, Areva NP

224-581: A nuclear engineering firm to an industrial contractor. In January 1976, Westinghouse agreed to sell its remaining 15% share to Creusot-Loire , which now owned 66%, and to cede complete marketing independence to Framatome. In February, the Belgian Édouard-Jean Empain sold his 35% interest in Creusot-Loire to Paribas , a French government-linked banking group. A January 1982 company reorganization simultaneously strengthened French public and private control of

252-539: A nuclear power plant that was to be identical to Westinghouse's existing product specifications. The first European plant of Westinghouse design was by then already under construction in Italy. A formal contract was signed in September 1961 for Framatome to deliver a turnkey system, that is, not only the reactor, but an entire, ready-to-use system of piping, cabling, supports, and other auxiliary systems, propelling Framatome from

280-607: Is 1,250 MWe Generation III+ boiling water reactor (BWR) design, provisionally known as SWR-1000 . The Kerena design was developed from that of the Gundremmingen Nuclear Power Plant by Areva, with extensive German input and using operating experience from Generation II BWRs to simplify systems engineering. In 2016, following a discovery at Flamanville 3, about 400 large steel forgings manufactured by Framatome's Le Creusot Forge operation since 1965 were found to have carbon-content irregularities that weakened

308-477: Is a museum which contains some early photography relics, located on the Quai des Messageries in the town, containing more than two million photographs and many old artefacts such as cameras and other equipment for old and modern photography. Also on display are Niépce's 1807 Pyréolophore , which is probably the world's first internal combustion engine , plus his 1818 implementation of a dandy horse , for which he coined

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336-458: Is made available by the town, so people know of the main groups performing, and several newspapers report what performances are must-see and where and when to find them. An institute of research of the engineering school Arts et Métiers ParisTech was established in Chalon in 1997. This institute offers graduate and doctoral programs in the domain of virtual reality and image engineering. It includes

364-479: Is said to have been martyred here in 179 AD. Chalon became one of the de facto capitals of the kingdom of Burgundy under Guntram , king from 561 to 592, who died here. Guntram also promoted the cult of Saint Marcellus. It continued to pay for its importance by being frequently attacked until the 10th century. The bishopric of Chalon-sur-Saône , a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Lyon , was also established here in

392-430: Is the commune which is the administrative centre of a departmental arrondissement that does not contain the prefecture for its department . The term also applies to the building that houses the administrative headquarters for an arrondissement. The civil servant in charge of a subprefecture is the subprefect , assisted by a general secretary . Between May 1982 and February 1988, subprefects were known instead by

420-688: The A6 autoroute from Paris to Lyon, the route nationale 73 , from Chalon to Besançon and the route nationale 80 , from Chalon to Montchanin . The city is also located on the pan-European bicycle route the EuroVelo 6 , which stretches from Saint-Nazaire on the Atlantic Ocean near Nantes to Constanta on the Black Sea . The closest major commercial airport is Lyon-Saint-Exupéry , located about 120 kilometres away. The public transportation company STAC offers

448-755: The École de Gestion et de Commerce de Chalon-sur-Saône , as well as the river port on the Saône . There are 2,472 businesses: 764 stores, 454 retail services, 409 schools and health and social services, 378 wholesale services, 122 construction companies, 69 agricultural and alimentary businesses, 64 real estate businesses, 60 transportation business, 49 industries de biens intermédiaires, 35 industries de biens de consommations, 34 entreprises d'énergie, 33 industries de biens d'équipements et 1 industrie automobile. The most important companies are Framatome (formerly Areva), Saint-Gobain , Nordeon, Cartonnerie Laurent, Chalondis, Carrefour 2000, Géant Casino, Comptoirs des Fers, Cayon, Amazon and Le journal de Saône-et-Loire . Until

476-540: The 6th century, and a Church Council was held here from 644–655. After the French Revolution , in accordance with the Concordat of 1801 , the diocese of Chalon was amalgamated with the diocese of Autun , which gave the name to the new entity. Chalon in the 19th century is best known as the birthplace of photography . Its most famous resident, Nicéphore Niépce , also has a lycée (secondary school) named after him. There

504-514: The American Westinghouse , in order to license Westinghouse's pressurized water reactor (PWR) technology and develop a bid for Chooz A (in France). Called Franco-Américaine de Constructions Atomiques (Framatome), the original company consisted of four engineers, one from each of the parent companies. The original mission of the company was to act as a nuclear engineering firm and to develop

532-687: The Roman Emperor Constantius II stationed the Roman 7th Army in Chalon (then called Cabyllona) for an invasion against the brother kings, Gundomadus and Vadomarius of the Alamanni . However, not having received supplies, the Roman troops revolted, and were pacified by the grand chamberlain Eusebius with money. In Late Antiquity the city had dwindled so much that a wall round it encircled fifteen hectares. Saint Marcellus of Chalons ( Saint Marcel )

560-690: The Saône river and the Canal du Centre , opened in 1792. Though the site (ancient Cabillonum ) was a capital of the Aedui and objects of La Tène culture have been retrieved from the bed of the river here, the first mention of Cavillonum is found in Commentarii de Bello Gallico (VII, chs. 42 and 90). The Roman city already served as a river port and hub of road communications , of the Via Agrippa and side routes. In 354 AD

588-411: The company by allowing Creusot-Loire to increase its share of the company while increasing CEA say in the running of the firm. In 2001, German company Siemens ' nuclear business was merged into Framatome. Framatome and Siemens had been officially cooperating since 1989 on the development of the European Pressurized Reactor (EPR). In 2001, after a merger with Cogema (now Orano ) and Technicatome,

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616-503: The early 2000s, Kodak was the largest employer in town. Their production site became the campus of Le Grand Chalon en Bourgogne in 2005. The Gare de Chalon-sur-Saône railway station offers connections with Paris, Dijon, Lyon and several regional destinations. The station is located along the PLM mainline from Paris Gare de Lyon to Marseille-Saint-Charles , at kilometre post 382.150 from Paris. The primary national roads serving Chalon are

644-464: The late 17th century. The city square also has a number of cafés and a busy market on Fridays and Sundays. Every year in July, Chalon-sur-Saône hosts an international street artists festival, called Chalon dans la Rue ("Chalon in the street"). Over four days, artists from across Europe and beyond come to the streets of Chalon to perform, mostly for free, in music, theatre, acrobatics, comedy, etc. A program

672-496: The same sense. Framatome Framatome ( French pronunciation: [fʁamatɔm] ) is a French nuclear reactor business. It is owned by Électricité de France (EDF) (80.5%) and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (19.5%). The company first formed in 1958 to license Westinghouse's pressurized water reactor (PWR) designs for use in France. Similar agreements had been put in place with other European countries, and this led to

700-487: The steel. A widespread programme of French reactor checks was started involving a progressive programme of reactor shutdowns, continued over the winter high electricity demand period into 2017. In December 2016 the Wall Street Journal characterised the problem as a "decades long coverup of manufacturing problems", with Framatome executives acknowledging that Le Creusot had been falsifying documents. Le Creusot Forge

728-473: The title Deputy Commissioner of the Republic ( commissaire adjoint de la République ). Where the administration of an arrondissement is carried out from a prefecture, the general secretary to the prefect carries out duties equivalent to those of the subprefect. The municipal arrondissements of Paris , Lyon and Marseille are divisions of the commune rather than the prefecture. They are not arrondissements in

756-658: The word vélocipède . Another famous resident is Dominique Vivant Denon (1747–1825), who was involved in the creation of the Louvre museum, converting the former royal palace into a museum after the French Revolution. In the late 19th century, copper and iron works were the town's main industry. The large engineering works of Petit-Creusot, a branch of those of Le Creusot , manufactured heavy industrial items. The primary industries are nuclear, plastics, metallurgy, and mechanics. The Chamber of Commerce of Saône-et-Loire manages

784-506: Was sold to Électricité de France . Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (19.5%), and Assystem (5%) also became shareholders. As a result of the restructuring, Électricité de France and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries became equal shareholders of Atmea with 50% of shares both while Framatome owns a special share in Atmea. Framatome designs, manufactures, and installs components, fuel and instrumentation and control systems for nuclear power plants and offers

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