Misplaced Pages

#955044

17-603: The Château Narbonnais was a castle of the Counts of Toulouse on the west side of the city Toulouse . The castle featured prominently in the Cathar wars. In May 1215 the City of Toulouse surrendered to Simon de Montfort but in September or October 1216 a popular uprising in the City against the occupying forces, forced Simon to leave. On 12 September 1217 Raymond VI of Toulouse re-entered

34-514: A crenellated castle with three towers This article about a castle or château in France is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Counts of Toulouse The count of Toulouse ( Occitan : comte de Tolosa , French : comte de Toulouse ) was the ruler of Toulouse during the 8th to 13th centuries. Originating as vassals of the Frankish kings , the hereditary counts ruled

51-546: A patron of the troubadours , died in 1194, and was succeeded by his son, Raymond VI . Following the 1208 assassination of the Papal legate , Pierre de Castelnau , Raymond was excommunicated and the County of Toulouse was placed under interdict by Pope Innocent III . Raymond was eager to appease the Pope , and was pardoned. However, following a second excommunication, Raymond's holdings in

68-451: A royal appanage by Louis XIV for his illegitimate son with Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan , Louis-Alexandre . (Note: It had long been thought that Raymond III Pons was succeeded directly by William III. However, recent research suggests there were at least one, and as many as three, previously overlooked counts; and that at least one of these three was named Raymond. This has resulted in conflicting numbering systems regarding

85-525: The Languedoc were desolated by the Albigensian Crusade , led by Simon de Montfort . Raymond's forces were defeated in 1213, depriving him of his fees , and he was exiled to England. Montfort finally occupied Toulouse in 1215. Raymond VII succeeded his father in 1222. He left an only daughter, Joan , who married Alphonse , the son of Louis VIII of France and brother of Louis IX of France . At

102-638: The Levant . Raymond died before the city was taken in 1109, but is considered the first Count of Tripoli . His son, Bertrand , then took the title. He and his successors ruled the Crusader state until 1187 (when the Kingdom of Jerusalem was overrun by Saladin ). While Raymond was away in the Holy Land , rule of Toulouse was seized by William IX , Duke of Aquitaine , who claimed the city by right of his wife, Philippa ,

119-506: The City, trapping Simon de Montfort's wife family in the Château . From 13 September 1217 to 22 July 1218, Simon de Montfort besieges the castle again, without success and on 25 June 1218, he was hit on the head by a stone from a trebuchet, and died. The castle was dismantled in 1549. The castle was dismantled, but depiction of it remains on the Municipal Seal of Toulouse which shows

136-494: The city of Toulouse and its surrounding county from the late 9th century until 1270. The counts and other family members were also at various times counts of Quercy , Rouergue , Albi , and Nîmes , and sometimes margraves (military defenders of the Holy Roman Empire ) of Septimania and Provence . Count Raymond IV founded the Crusader state of Tripoli , and his descendants were also counts there. They reached

153-724: The daughter of William IV; William was unable to hold it long. Raymond's son and successor, Bertrand, had followed him to the Holy Land in 1109. Therefore, at Raymond's death the family's great estates and Toulouse went to Bertrand's brother, Alfonso Jordan . His rule, however, was disturbed by the ambition of William IX and his granddaughter, Eleanor of Aquitaine , who urged her husband Louis VII of France to support her claims to Toulouse by war. Upon her divorce from Louis and her subsequent marriage to Henry II of England , Eleanor pressed her claims through Henry, who at last, in 1173, forced Raymond V to do him homage for Toulouse. Raymond V,

170-505: The deaths of Alfonse and Joan in 1271, the vast holdings of the counts of Toulouse lapsed to the Crown . In 1271,Toulouse passed to the Crown of France , by the Treaty of Meaux , 1229. From 1271–1285, Philip III of France , King of France and nephew of Alphonse bore the title of count of Toulouse, but the mention of the title is abandoned after his death. Only in 1681, Toulouse was resurrected as

187-543: The first count. In 788, Count Torson was captured by the Basques under Adalric , who made him swear an oath of allegiance to the Duke of Gascony , Lupus II . Upon his release, Charlemagne , at the diet of Worms (790), replaced him with his Frankish cousin, William of Gellone . William in turn successfully subdued the Gascons . In the ninth century, Toulouse suffered in common with

SECTION 10

#1733086293956

204-460: The hereditary titles of Septimania , Quercy and Albi were shared between them. Raymond II's grandson, William III (known as the first William Taillefer), married Emma of Provence , and handed down part of that lordship to his younger son Bertrand I of Forcalquier . William's elder son, Pons , left two children, one of whom, William IV succeeded his father in Toulouse, Albi and Quercy; while

221-573: The later Raymonds, although most historians continue to use the established, traditional numbering for them. They are Raymond (IV) ( c.  950 –961), Hugh ( c.  961 –972) and Raymond (V) ( c.  972 –978)) [REDACTED]   This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain :  Chisholm, Hugh , ed. (1911). " Toulouse ". Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 99–101. . Raymond II, Count of Toulouse Raymond II (died 924)

238-631: The rest of western Europe. It was besieged by Charles the Bald in 844, and taken four years later by the Normans , who had sailed up the Garonne . About 852, Raymond I , count of Quercy , succeeded his brother Fredelo as Count of Rouergue and Toulouse. It is from Raymond that all the later counts of Toulouse document their descent. His grandchildren divided their parents' estates; of these Raymond II became count of Toulouse, and Ermengol , count of Rouergue; while

255-508: The younger, Raymond IV , ruled the vast possessions of the counts of Rouergue. From this time on, the counts of Toulouse were powerful lords in southern France . Raymond IV, assumed the formal titles of Marquis of Provence , Duke of Narbonne and Count of Toulouse. Afterward, the count set sail with the First Crusade . After the conquest of Jerusalem , he set siege to the City of Tripoli in

272-461: The zenith of their power during the 11th and 12th centuries, but after the Albigensian Crusade the county fell to the kingdom of France , nominally in 1229 and de facto in 1271. Later the title was revived for Louis Alexandre, Count of Toulouse , a bastard of Louis XIV (1678–1737). During the youth of young Louis the Pious his tutor, Torson (sometimes Chorso or Choson), ruled at Toulouse as

289-892: Was the Count of Toulouse , Nîmes , and Albi . He was the, probably elder, son of Odo of Toulouse and Garsenda. In 886, at the death of Bernard the Calf , he succeeded to the comital title in Nîmes and Albi while Odo his father received the county of Toulouse. In 898, his father made him Count of Rouergue . In 906, Odo gave Rouergue to his younger son Ermengol and made Raymond co-count in Toulouse. In 918, Odo died and Toulouse went to Raymond, while Rouergue, along with Nîmes and Albi, went to Ermengol. Raymond also received his father's title of Duke of Septimania . He died in 924 and left his titles to his son Raymond Pons . Raymond married Guinidilda, daughter of Wilfred II Borrel , Count of Barcelona . Their only child

#955044