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56-532: Celebrity Apex is an Edge -class cruise ship operated by Celebrity Cruises , a subsidiary of Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd . Constructed at Chantiers de l'Atlantique in Saint-Nazaire , France , she is the second vessel in the company's Edge class of ships, following the delivery of her sister ship, Celebrity Edge , in 2018. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic , her debut sailing was from Athens on June 19, 2021 to

112-417: A national lockdown beginning on 17 March 2020. However, once the first seven crew members tested positive, the whole crew was placed in isolation and forbidden from leaving the ship. The next day, on 27 March 2020, 29 people had tested positive for the virus, and one person had been brought to a hospital with breathing issues. By 31 March 2020, 157 people had tested positive and two had been hospitalized; by

168-449: A 30% difference among border-counties where stay-at-home orders were imposed. Another study that compared the impact of 'less restrictive interventions' on the spread of COVID-19 in Sweden and South Korea , with mandatory stay-at home orders in 8 other countries, such as France and Spain , did not find evidence for greater disease control in the countries with more restrictions. However,

224-758: A balance between restrictions and normal life, the WHO recommends a response to the pandemic that consists of strict personal hygiene, effective contact tracing , and isolating when ill. In addition to the health effects of lockdown restrictions, researchers have found the lockdowns have reduced crime and violence by armed non-state actors, such as the Islamic State, and other terrorist groups. They have also had profound negative economic impacts , and have been met with protests in some territories. Several researchers, from modeling and demonstrated examples, have concluded that lockdowns were somewhat effective at reducing

280-443: A cruise ship due to the travel restrictions that were in place, Celebrity took virtual delivery of Celebrity Apex on 27 March 2020 via a video conference between officials from Celebrity and Chantiers de l'Atlantique. The ship was initially scheduled to be delivered a week prior, on 20 March, at the shipyard. On 16 January 2020, Celebrity originally announced that Reshma Saujani , founder and CEO of Girls Who Code , would christen

336-489: A fifth Edge -class ship with Chantiers de l'Atlantique, with delivery scheduled for fall 2024, since revised to 2025. Celebrity Cruises marked the beginning of construction for the first Edge -class vessel with the steel-cutting ceremony on 21 November 2016 at the STX France shipyard. On the same day, the lead vessel's name was announced as Celebrity Edge . She was delivered on 31 October 2018. Celebrity initially named

392-405: A hull extended by 20 metres (66 ft), bringing the length of the ship to 327 metres (1,072 ft 10 in), and an increased gross tonnage to 140,600 GT. Ships in this class are reported to cost US$ 1 billion each. On 4 December 2014, Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. announced that it had signed a letter of intent with STX France for two new ships that would compose a new class of vessels for

448-427: A level low enough to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Since the beginning of the pandemic, Google has consistently collected data on movements, showing rapid declines in public activity long before legal restrictions were imposed. An April 2020 poll found that 93% of Americans voluntarily chose to only leave home when necessary, regardless of legal restrictions. A February 2021 review of 348 articles concluded there

504-570: A nationwide or local basis in 63 countries, affecting approximately 47 percent of the world's student population. Beginning with the first lockdown in China's Hubei province and nationwide in Italy in March 2020, lockdowns continued to be implemented in many countries throughout 2020 and 2021. On 24 March 2020, the entire 1.3 billion population of India was ordered to stay at home during its lockdown , making it

560-448: A sailing from Southampton, United Kingdom. The steel cutting for Celebrity's fourth Edge -class vessel, Celebrity Ascent , occurred on 17 November 2021. The ship entered service with Celebrity on 22 November 2023 on a "preview" sailing out of Port Everglades, Florida. Float out completed 24 January 2023 Planned maiden voyage 3 December 2023 Floating engine room unit built at CRIST, Gdynia Curfews and lockdowns related to

616-444: A second setback, a tugboat and port sailors' strike. The ship ultimately left for her first set of sea trials in the Bay of Biscay on 4 February 2020 and completed them on 8 February 2020. Construction on the vessel was completed in early March 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted the ship's delivery process and christening timeline. In what was believed to be the first virtual delivery of

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672-432: Is thought to be at least partly attributable to this difference in policy. Similarly, modelling on Australian data concluded that achieving zero community transmission through a strict lockdown lowers healthcare and economic costs compared to less stringent measures that allow transmission to continue, and warned that early relaxation of restrictions have greater costs. This " zero community transmission " approach

728-543: The Celebrity Apex test[ed] positive for COVID-19. Eight (8) crewmembers who tested positive were admitted to a local French hospital; four (4) such crewmembers who displayed symptoms return[ed] to the ship a few days later, the other four (4) remain[ed] in the French hospital. Edge-class cruise ship Both Celebrity Edge and Celebrity Apex were built with a gross tonnage (GT) of 130,818. Subsequent new builds have

784-608: The United Kingdom , the United States , Australia , Germany , the Netherlands , Canada and New Zealand . The motivations for and sizes of these protests have varied. Some have been spurred by the economic and social impacts of lockdowns, but have also been associated with misinformation related to the pandemic , conspiracy theories and anti-vaccination . Notes In the table, pandemic lockdowns are defined as

840-634: The United Kingdom ; while around 200 million people were under lockdown in Latin America. In Germany, 35% of workers worked from home in addition to their regular on-site duties, while 26% worked from home exclusively. Countries and territories around the world enforced lockdowns of varying stringency in response to the COVID-19 pandemic . Some include total movement control while others have enforced restrictions based on time. In many cases, only essential businesses are allowed to remain open. Schools, universities and colleges have closed either on

896-553: The World Health Organization (WHO) have published statements noting the impact of the lockdowns on livelihoods and food security , and David Nabarro , WHO Special Envoy on COVID-19 stated in October 2020 that "lockdowns just have one consequence that you must never ever belittle, and that is making poor people an awful lot poorer". There have also been a number of protests worldwide in opposition to lockdowns, including in

952-416: The 2020s is thought to be unprecedented. Research and case studies have shown that lockdowns were generally effective at reducing the spread of COVID-19, therefore flattening the curve . The World Health Organization 's recommendation on lockdowns is that they should be very brief, short-term measures to reorganize, regroup, rebalance resources, and protect health workers who are exhausted. To achieve

1008-468: The COVID-19 pandemic During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic , a number of non-pharmaceutical interventions , particularly lockdowns (encompassing stay-at-home orders , curfews , quarantines , cordons sanitaires and similar societal restrictions), were implemented in numerous countries and territories around the world. These restrictions were established with the intention to reduce

1064-738: The COVID-19 pandemic have been cited as examples. Some researchers have noted that COVID-19 pandemic restrictions have come with mental health costs , compounded by those caused by the COVID-19 pandemic itself. Due to their closure, educational institutions worldwide transitioned to online learning. Teachers and faculty had to learn new ways to engage with students while in a COVID-19 pandemic. Examples of online teaching tools are podcasts, videos, and virtual classrooms. UN Women warned in an April 2020 report that COVID-19 pandemic restrictions exacerbate gender inequalities and have led to an increase in domestic violence . Many women were being forced to 'lockdown' at home with their abusers at

1120-551: The COVID-19 pandemic, video-communications became an easy-to-use quick-to-learn tool for many people, and the anxiety to contract COVID-19 could have counterbalanced some patients' low level of trust in technology. For these reasons, most patients accepted to receive a video-consultation in spite of the traditional in-person visit and trusted telemedicine. In late 2023, former Director of the National Institutes of Health Francis Collins went viral online amongst critics of

1176-581: The Celebrity Cruises fleet. In June 2015, the letter was converted into a formal order for the first two ships. On 25 May 2016, Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. announced that it had signed a memorandum of understanding with STX France for two additional ships for the Edge class. These two vessels comprise the third and fourth in the class, originally scheduled for delivery in fall 2021 and 2022, respectively. On 11 April 2019, Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. ordered

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1232-536: The Greek Islands. On 4 December 2014, Celebrity's parent company, Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. , announced that they had finalized an order with STX France for two new ships that would compose a new class of vessels for the Celebrity Cruises fleet. The two ships were known under Project EDGE and were planned to be at 117,000  gross tonnage  (GT) each, with a guest capacity of 2,900 passengers. Deliveries were originally planned for Fall 2018 and early 2020 for

1288-467: The UK showed a marked decrease in new symptoms just a few days after the start of confinement on the countries ( Italy and France) with the strongest lockdowns. Modelling on the United States pandemic suggested "the pandemic would have been almost completely suppressed from significantly taking off if the lockdown measures were implemented two weeks earlier" and that the second wave would have been less severe had

1344-510: The authenticity of its signatures. The lockdowns had multiple effects on people's everyday lives. Some of these were direct effects, such as cancelling or postponing a social event, and others had indirect effects, such as losing a sense of identity . For example, teachers often derive meaning and a sense of life purpose from teaching, but the schools were closed, which caused many of them to feel disconnected from their identity as teachers. Many people also felt that they could not trust that

1400-403: The bulbous bow and also houses the propellers to reduce drag. On 21 November 2016, the day of Celebrity Edge ' s steel-cutting ceremony, Celebrity also announced the name of the second ship in the Edge class as Celebrity Beyond . On 23 July 2018, Celebrity marked the beginning of construction for the ship with a steel-cutting ceremony at the shipyard and also announced a name change for

1456-450: The code was "a buggy mess". Retrospective evaluation of lockdowns and computer modeling has verified that they have significantly contributed to reducing mortality and morbidity from COVID-19. A notable opponent of lockdowns has included Sweden's state epidemiologist Anders Tegnell , who has frequently criticised the strategy. The Swedish government's approach has included minimal restrictions and has been controversial in part due to

1512-434: The company fleet carry over to Celebrity Apex , including the "infinite veranda" balcony staterooms that integrate the balcony patios into the cabins' structure, a three-deck aft dining and performance venue called "Eden," and an outdoor garden on the top deck. She is also similarly designed to maximize fuel efficiency with her "parabolic ultrabow", a bow vertically rising towards its decks that provides additional sheathing for

1568-559: The cruise line on 14 April 2020 "on behalf of all ... similarly situated crewmembers working aboard [Celebrity Cruises's] vessels". The lawsuit alleged that Celebrity failed to provide proper personal protective equipment (PPE), allowed independent contractors to freely enter and exit the ship, failed to test people boarding the ship for symptoms of coronavirus, failed to enact appropriate lockdown measures, and failed to provide "prompt, proper, and adequate medical care" to its employees, amongst other claims. The COVID-19 pandemic also impacted

1624-505: The early stages of the pandemic in Europe and the United States , statistical modeling which advised that restrictions were helpful to prevent a large number of deaths were used as the basis for lockdowns. This includes an Imperial College projection , led by epidemiologist Neil Ferguson . Despite some criticisms, academics defended the Imperial projection as fundamentally sound, while admitting

1680-616: The economic costs. A number of medical experts signed the Great Barrington Declaration in October 2020 which called for "Focused Protection" on high risk groups and minimal restrictions on the general population to achieve herd immunity through COVID-19 infection. However, the majority of medical experts and the WHO have strongly criticised this proposed strategy for its lack of scientific basis and for being unethical. The declaration has also attracted controversy over its funding and

1736-475: The fall in consumer traffic as people feared the virus itself. Similarly, a National Bureau of Economic Research study found stay-at-home orders increased staying at home by just 5–10%. Another study from Yale University found that most social distancing was voluntary, driven primarily by "media coverage of morbidity and mortality". On the other hand, some studies have argued that coercive measures probably decreased interactions, while accepting that most of

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1792-466: The findings of the study have been questioned due to its numerous limitations, including the small sample size of countries. Some research has also found that an "advisory" approach is not adequate to control COVID-19 outbreaks. An analysis of an outbreak in northern Italy found that an effective reduction in community transmission occurred during a strict national lockdown, and that earlier less stringent measures were ineffective at reducing mobility to

1848-770: The first week of April – more than half of the world's population . Lockdowns affected 93% of workers worldwide. 30% lived in nations with complete workplace closures, save for critical businesses, and 42% in countries with partial closures. Nearly 20% lived in nations with recommended but not compulsory workplace shutdown. Major restrictions first began in China, with other countries in East Asia like Vietnam soon implementing widespread containment measures. Much of Europe , North America and Africa took much longer to bring in tough measures. Restrictions on travel between and activity within nations were of varying stringency. By mid April, nearly 300 million people, or about 90% of

1904-451: The lockdown lasted another two weeks. The stringent lockdown in Hubei in early 2020 proved effective at controlling the COVID-19 outbreak in China . The relatively high number of cases and deaths in Sweden , which has kept much of its society open during the pandemic, when compared to its neighbours with comparable demographics Norway , Denmark and Finland that did enforce lockdowns,

1960-411: The lockdown response when he discussed the lack of weight that public health authorities had given to the potential downsides of the lockdown measures when they were formulating the official response to COVID-19. Some economists supported increased government funding for mitigation efforts, even at the cost of tolerating a very large economic contraction. They agreed that lockdowns should continue until

2016-430: The next week, on 7 April 2020, 217 people had tested positive, with four hospitalized and two in intensive care ; and by the following week, on 15 April 2020, 224 people had tested positive, out of a total of 1444 people tested. Citing Celebrity's mistreatment of the ship's crew during the pandemic, a crew member of Celebrity Apex , who tested positive for the virus on 30 March 2020, filed a class action lawsuit against

2072-595: The population, were under some form of lockdown in the United States , with around 100 million in the Philippines and about 59 million in South Africa , while around 1.3 billion were under lockdown in India , which was the largest of all lockdowns. By the end of April, around 300 million people were under lockdown in various countries of Europe, including but not limited to Italy , Spain , France , and

2128-424: The reduction may have been voluntary. One of those two studies, by Flaxman et al., has been criticized, among other things for having a country-specific adjustment factor, without which the model would predict a massive number of deaths for Sweden. One widely cited economic simulation asserting that shelter-in-place orders reduced total cases three-fold, however, held voluntary distancing constant. Another study found

2184-617: The relatively high death toll due to widespread transmission. However, the Swedish government began considering enacting a lockdown in early 2021. While arguing in August 2020 for the need for further lockdowns in the United States, physicians Ranu Dhillon and Abraar Karan argued for "smarter lockdowns" that impose restrictions on areas with high levels of transmission, and to increase support to vulnerable populations in these locations to offset

2240-553: The same time that services to support survivors are being disrupted or made inaccessible. For instance, in France there was around a 30% spike in cases of violence against women since the lockdown in March 2020. Telehealth had an important role to allow physicians not to miss the follow-up of patients with different chronic diseases and potentially helped to contain SARS-CoV-2 spreading among both patients and healthcare providers During

2296-464: The second Edge- class ship from Celebrity Beyond to Celebrity Apex . A ceremony marking the laying of the keel was celebrated on 31 October 2018, performed in conjunction with the delivery of Celebrity Edge . She was floated out from the shipyard on 17 May 2019. The commencement for the ship's sea trials were hampered twice. The first set was initially set for 15 January 2020, but were cancelled due to bad weather. The new date of 17 January 2020 faced

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2352-436: The second vessel of the Edge class as Celebrity Beyond , but she was renamed Celebrity Apex on the day of her steel-cutting on 23 July 2018. She was delivered on 27 March 2020. Celebrity celebrated the steel-cutting of the third ship, named Celebrity Beyond , on 28 January 2020. She is the first of three vessels in the class to evolve in design and expand in gross tonnage. She entered into service on 27 April 2022 with

2408-457: The ship's inaugural season. Celebrity Apex was originally scheduled to set sail from Saint-Nazaire towards Southampton on 21 March 2020, following her delivery ceremony. Her pre-inaugural voyage was scheduled for 1 April 2020, a four-night sailing out of Southampton, calling in Bruges and Amsterdam . Her maiden voyage was set for 5 April 2020, traveling along the coasts of Spain and Portugal . She

2464-432: The shutdown of parts of the economy, due to non-pharmaceutical anti-pandemic measures and enforceable by law like: These measures caused the COVID-19 recession in 2020. The table does not contain: The pandemic resulted in the largest number of shutdowns worldwide at the same time in history. By 26 March, 1.7 billion people worldwide were under some form of lockdown, which increased to 3.9 billion people by

2520-723: The social changes to anomie , an absence of social norms that was first described at the end of the Industrial Revolution , as the prior, socially agreed-upon system of interpersonal connections, values, interdependence, and ideas about normal behavior was set aside, and a new system had not yet emerged. Some commentators have suggested that states' use of emergency powers to curb freedom of assembly and movement are authoritarian and may result in long-term democratic backsliding . Centralization of power by political leadership in Hungary , Poland , China and Cambodia in response to

2576-411: The spread of SARS-CoV-2 , the virus that causes COVID-19 . By April 2020, about half of the world's population was under some form of lockdown, with more than 3.9 billion people in more than 90 countries or territories having been asked or ordered to stay at home by their governments. Although similar disease control measures have been used for hundreds of years, the scale of those implemented in

2632-520: The spread of COVID-19, they have become less effective at containing it. Lockdowns in Australia and Vietnam in response to Delta outbreaks proved less effective at containment than previous lockdowns were against the spread of other variants . One study led by an economist at the University of Chicago found that involuntary lockdowns had little impact, with voluntary distancing making up nearly 90% of

2688-407: The spread of, and deaths caused by, COVID-19. Lockdowns are thought to be most effective at containing or preventing COVID-19 community transmission, healthcare costs and deaths when implemented earlier, with greater stringency, and when not lifted too early. A study investigating the spread based on studies of the most common symptoms such as loss of taste and smell in France, Italy and

2744-490: The things (e.g., doorknobs) and people around them were safe. People also lost a sense of time, with the feelings of unpredictability developing into the opposite of the normal human ontological security . Instead of knowing what to do, what to trust, and what to expect in the future, people felt disconnected and at a loss. It also made people more aware of the pre-existing problems they were facing, such as abuse, addiction, and racism. The sociologist Ann Swidler compared

2800-465: The threat of resurgence has declined, even when considering only the economic impact. There was a general agreement, at least in some economic circles, that "severe lockdowns — including closing non-essential businesses and strict limitations on people's movement — are likely to be better for the economy in the medium term than less aggressive measures". Both the World Food Programme (WFP) and

2856-443: The time, Celebrity Apex had just been constructed at Chantiers de l'Atlantique and was waiting to be delivered to Celebrity. There were 1407 crew members already on board at the time. Before the first positive cases were reported, reports showed practices aboard the ship did not reflect the seriousness of the progression of the pandemic at the time. For example, a large party was held on 21 March 2020, even when France had been under

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2912-490: The two vessels, respectively. Each ship was reported to come at a cost of US$ 1 billion. Like her sister ship, Celebrity Edge , Celebrity Apex is equipped with the "Magic Carpet," an orange cantilevered platform suspended along the starboard side of the ship that can move vertically between the top and bottom decks. The platform is designed to facilitate more seamless tender service and also create more guest space when at sea. More of Celebrity Edge ' s features unique to

2968-634: The vessel at the inaugural ceremony in Southampton on 30 March 2020, but it was announced on 5 March 2020 that all naming festivities would be postponed until the ship arrived in Fort Lauderdale, Florida in late 2020. On 26 March 2020, the Regional Health Agency of the French region Pays de la Loire reported that seven crew members aboard Celebrity Apex had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 . At

3024-409: Was acknowledgement of the importance of non-pharmaceutical interventions in controlling the spread of COVID-19. However, later research also acknowledges high societal costs, though in some circumstances less than the costs of allowing the pandemic to spread without mitigation. Epidemiological evidence supports generalized non-pharmaceutical interventions to curb the spread of COVID-19. During

3080-578: Was adopted in Australia, and a strict four month lockdown in the state of Victoria during an outbreak in Melbourne, combined with other measures, averted a wider outbreak in the country in 2020. New Zealand and Vietnam also adopted a "Zero-COVID" strategy throughout 2020 that included targeted lockdowns. The emergence of the highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in 2021 has led some commentators to suggest that although lockdowns continue to reduce

3136-785: Was scheduled to homeport in Southampton through the spring, before re-positioning to the Mediterranean for the summer. Celebrity's suspension of operations due to the pandemic resulted in the postponement of her maiden voyage and the cancellation of all Southampton sailings as well as the second tentative debut date, which had been set for 20 May from Barcelona. Celebrity Apex was scheduled to re-position to Port Everglades in Fort Lauderdale in fall 2020 to sail week-long, round-trip Eastern and Western Caribbean itineraries. [a]pproximately three hundred and fifty (350) crewmembers working aboard

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