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47-440: The name of the town is of disputed origin. The name may be derived from the word "szeglet" (meaning "corner") due to its being a junction point of several important routes, while it may also have been derived from a proper name , i. e. from the name of a man called "Cegléd". The most likely explanation derives the name from the noun "cigle" or "cegle", the old Hungarian name of a riverbank willow . Its area has been inhabited since

94-544: A or an (in languages that have such articles). Examples of count nouns are chair , nose , and occasion . Mass nouns or uncountable ( non-count ) nouns differ from count nouns in precisely that respect: they cannot take plurals or combine with number words or the above type of quantifiers. For example, the forms a furniture and three furnitures are not used – even though pieces of furniture can be counted. The distinction between mass and count nouns does not primarily concern their corresponding referents but more how

141-445: A person , place , thing , event , substance , quality , quantity , etc., but this manner of definition has been criticized as uninformative. Several English nouns lack an intrinsic referent of their own: behalf (as in on behalf of ), dint ( by dint of ), and sake ( for the sake of ). Moreover, other parts of speech may have reference-like properties: the verbs to rain or to mother , or adjectives like red ; and there

188-497: A direct connection to Budapest via train, also being a junction point of the Nyíregyháza and Szeged lines. Cegléd is twinned with: Noun In grammar , a noun is a word that represents a concrete or abstract thing, such as living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, and ideas. A noun may serve as an object or subject within a phrase, clause, or sentence. In linguistics , nouns constitute

235-463: A language. Nouns may be classified according to morphological properties such as which prefixes or suffixes they take, and also their relations in syntax  – how they combine with other words and expressions of various types. Many such classifications are language-specific, given the obvious differences in syntax and morphology. In English for example, it might be noted that nouns are words that can co-occur with definite articles (as stated at

282-516: A lexical category ( part of speech ) defined according to how its members combine with members of other lexical categories. The syntactic occurrence of nouns differs among languages. In English, prototypical nouns are common nouns or proper nouns that can occur with determiners , articles and attributive adjectives , and can function as the head of a noun phrase . According to traditional and popular classification, pronouns are distinct from nouns, but in much modern theory they are considered

329-430: A noun being used as the head (main word) of a noun phrase and a noun being used as a noun adjunct . For example, the noun knee can be said to be used substantively in my knee hurts , but attributively in the patient needed knee replacement . A noun can co-occur with an article or an attributive adjective . Verbs and adjectives cannot. In the following, an asterisk (*) in front of an example means that this example

376-417: A noun that represents a unique entity ( India , Pegasus , Jupiter , Confucius , Pequod ) – as distinguished from common nouns (or appellative nouns ), which describe a class of entities ( country , animal , planet , person , ship ). In Modern English, most proper nouns – unlike most common nouns – are capitalized regardless of context ( Albania , Newton , Pasteur , America ), as are many of

423-555: A peak in 1910. A Jewish school was in operation until the Holocaust and a Synagogue was built in 1905. In 1941 all men in the community were sent to forced labor camps in Ukraine where most died. 659 Jews remained. They were deported to Auschwitz after being expelled to Kecskemet in June 1944. In 1946 150 survivors reestablished the community. During the 1956 revolution , for a couple of days Cegléd

470-573: A singular or a plural verb and referred to by a singular or plural pronoun, the singular being generally preferred when referring to the body as a unit and the plural often being preferred, especially in British English, when emphasizing the individual members. Examples of acceptable and unacceptable use given by Gowers in Plain Words include: Concrete nouns refer to physical entities that can, in principle at least, be observed by at least one of

517-401: A specific sex. The gender of a pronoun must be appropriate for the item referred to: "The girl said the ring was from her new boyfriend , but he denied it was from him " (three nouns; and three gendered pronouns: or four, if this her is counted as a possessive pronoun ). A proper noun (sometimes called a proper name , though the two terms normally have different meanings) is

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564-470: A subclass of nouns parallel to prototypical nouns ). For example, in the sentence "Gareth thought she was weird", the word she is a pronoun that refers to a person just as the noun Gareth does. The word one can replace parts of noun phrases, and it sometimes stands in for a noun. An example is given below: But one can also stand in for larger parts of a noun phrase. For example, in the following example, one can stand in for new car . Nominalization

611-405: A subclass of nouns. Every language has various linguistic and grammatical distinctions between nouns and verbs . Word classes (parts of speech) were described by Sanskrit grammarians from at least the 5th century BC. In Yāska 's Nirukta , the noun ( nāma ) is one of the four main categories of words defined. The Ancient Greek equivalent was ónoma (ὄνομα), referred to by Plato in

658-502: Is 2,423 km . Like other historical European regions called Cumania , it is named for the Cumans ( Hungarian : Kunok ), a historically very significant nomadic tribe. Its most defining feature is the sand dunes created by the flat area's windy nature, and bigger dunes being created by deposits of and the old path of the Danube and Tisza . This Bács-Kiskun location article

705-748: Is a phrase usually headed by a common noun, a proper noun, or a pronoun. The head may be the only constituent, or it may be modified by determiners and adjectives . For example, "The dog sat near Ms Curtis and wagged its tail" contains three NPs: the dog (subject of the verbs sat and wagged ); Ms Curtis (complement of the preposition near ); and its tail (object of wagged ). "You became their teacher" contains two NPs: you (subject of became ); and their teacher . Nouns and noun phrases can typically be replaced by pronouns , such as he, it, she, they, which, these , and those , to avoid repetition or explicit identification, or for other reasons (but as noted earlier, current theory often classifies pronouns as

752-489: Is a process whereby a word that belongs to another part of speech comes to be used as a noun. This can be a way to create new nouns, or to use other words in ways that resemble nouns. In French and Spanish, for example, adjectives frequently act as nouns referring to people who have the characteristics denoted by the adjective. This sometimes happens in English as well, as in the following examples: For definitions of nouns based on

799-442: Is little difference between the adverb gleefully and the prepositional phrase with glee . A functional approach defines a noun as a word that can be the head of a nominal phrase, i.e., a phrase with referential function, without needing to go through morphological transformation. Nouns can have a number of different properties and are often sub-categorized based on various of these criteria, depending on their occurrence in

846-714: Is situated between the Duna and Tisza rivers, north of Kiskunság , at the western part of the Great Hungarian Plain . Due to its location, it is often called "the gate of the Great Plain". A shoulder of the Gödöllő hills runs along the western part of the town. The Gerje stream crosses the southern part of Cegléd. The town is surrounded by farmland producing mostly fruit (plums, cherries and apricot) and vegetables (yellow peppers) and has several outskirts with scattered cottages. One of

893-447: Is ungrammatical. Nouns have sometimes been characterized in terms of the grammatical categories by which they may be varied (for example gender , case , and number ). Such definitions tend to be language-specific, since different languages may apply different categories. Nouns are frequently defined, particularly in informal contexts, in terms of their semantic properties (their meanings). Nouns are described as words that refer to

940-690: The Cratylus dialog , and later listed as one of the eight parts of speech in The Art of Grammar , attributed to Dionysius Thrax (2nd century BC). The term used in Latin grammar was nōmen . All of these terms for "noun" were also words meaning "name". The English word noun is derived from the Latin term, through the Anglo-Norman nom (other forms include nomme , and noun itself). The word classes were defined partly by

987-517: The Copper Age . It was first mentioned in 1290 in a decree by Ladislaus IV of Hungary . The town prospered under the Árpád dynasty until the 13th century Mongol invasion of Hungary left it in ruins. It was reinhabitated later, and on May 8, 1364 Louis I of Hungary relieved the town from paying customs . The king gave the town to his queen, Elisabeth , who ceded it to the Clarissa sisters . During

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1034-591: The Ferenc Erkel Music School . Cegléd has a community cultural centre called Cultural Palace or Kossuth Community Centre , originally built by the Cegléd Craftsmen's Union in eclectic style . The centre has a theater, where many acting companies have played. Cegléd also has its own acting company and acting school named after the famous actress Irma Patkós , who lived in Cegléd. The centre gives place to

1081-441: The senses ( chair , apple , Janet , atom ), as items supposed to exist in the physical world. Abstract nouns , on the other hand, refer to abstract objects : ideas or concepts ( justice , anger , solubility , duration ). Some nouns have both concrete and abstract meanings: art usually refers to something abstract ("Art is important in human culture"), but it can also refer to a concrete item ("I put my daughter's art up on

1128-443: The sex or social gender of the noun's referent, particularly in the case of nouns denoting people (and sometimes animals), though with exceptions (the feminine French noun personne can refer to a male or a female person). In Modern English, even common nouns like hen and princess and proper nouns like Alicia do not have grammatical gender (their femininity has no relevance in syntax), though they denote persons or animals of

1175-618: The 1514 György Dózsa peasant uprising, Cegléd was a very important hive for rebellions, and one of the biggest supporters of them. After the catastrophe of the Battle of Mohács (1526) Cegléd came under the power of Bálint Török of Enying. The Reformation rapidly spread through the town, and the Calvinists owned the old church of the Clarissa-sisters till 1687, when the Turks were forced out. At

1222-626: The Bori Jazz festival. The memory of Lajos Kossuth is also conserved by the Kossuth Museum, as well as the so-called Kossuth's Balcony - the balcony of the former Green Tree hotel in Bratislava , from which Kossuth made a speech on the eve of the 1848 Hungarian revolution , and which is today standing next to the Calvinist church of Cegléd. The city hall is constructed in an eclectic style, reflecting

1269-628: The Cegléd Gallery, where mainly photos and paintings of local artists can be seen. The town features the annual Drum and Percussion Gala, which is a jazz event, as well as numerous jazz concerts throughout every year. Founding members of the popular Hungarian rock band hu:Zanzibar are from Cegléd. The musical life of the town is also made colourful by the Ferenc Erkel conservatory and the Mihály Táncsics Primary School , where

1316-756: The adjectives happy and serene ; circulation from the verb circulate ). Illustrating the wide range of possible classifying principles for nouns, the Awa language of Papua New Guinea regiments nouns according to how ownership is assigned: as alienable possession or inalienable possession. An alienably possessed item (a tree, for example) can exist even without a possessor. But inalienably possessed items are necessarily associated with their possessor and are referred to differently, for example with nouns that function as kin terms (meaning "father", etc.), body-part nouns (meaning "shadow", "hair", etc.), or part–whole nouns (meaning "top", "bottom", etc.). A noun phrase (or NP )

1363-525: The beginning of the 18th century, Cegléd supported the fight for freedom led by Ferenc Rákóczi , although inhabitants were repeatedly forced to flee by Habsburg troops. After the Treaty of Tolerance, they were allowed to construct a church for themselves and the reformed community. This church was doomed by the Great 1834 Fire. By the next year a new construction was started under the plans of József Hild . The church

1410-504: The concept of "identity criteria": For more on identity criteria: For the concept that nouns are "prototypically referential": For an attempt to relate the concepts of identity criteria and prototypical referentiality: Kiskuns%C3%A1g Kiskunság ("Little Cumania", Latin : Cumania Minor ) is a historical and geographical region in Hungary situated in the current Bács-Kiskun County between Kalocsa and Szeged . Its territory

1457-401: The definite article is le for masculine nouns and la for feminine; adjectives and certain verb forms also change (sometimes with the simple addition of -e for feminine). Grammatical gender often correlates with the form of the noun and the inflection pattern it follows; for example, in both Italian and Romanian most nouns ending in  -a are feminine. Gender can also correlate with

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1504-443: The dictionaries of such languages are demarked by the abbreviation s. or sb. instead of n. , which may be used for proper nouns or neuter nouns instead. In English, some modern authors use the word substantive to refer to a class that includes both nouns (single words) and noun phrases (multiword units that are sometimes called noun equivalents ). It can also be used as a counterpart to attributive when distinguishing between

1551-510: The downtown, at Szabadság tér (Liberty Square) stands a statue of Lajos Kossuth , the replica of which can be found in New York City . At the same square, there is the Museum of Drums, Cegléd being a town with vivid jazz life, featuring also the annual Drum and Percussion Gala, that attracts interest from all over Hungary and even from abroad. From 1992, for over 20 years, the town was also home to

1598-474: The forms that are derived from them (the common noun in "he's an Albanian "; the adjectival forms in "he's of Albanian heritage" and " Newtonian physics", but not in " pasteurized milk"; the second verb in "they sought to Americanize us"). Count nouns or countable nouns are common nouns that can take a plural , can combine with numerals or counting quantifiers (e.g., one , two , several , every , most ), and can take an indefinite article such as

1645-482: The fridge"). A noun might have a literal (concrete) and also a figurative (abstract) meaning: "a brass key " and "the key to success"; "a block in the pipe" and "a mental block ". Similarly, some abstract nouns have developed etymologically by figurative extension from literal roots ( drawback , fraction , holdout , uptake ). Many abstract nouns in English are formed by adding a suffix ( -ness , -ity , -ion ) to adjectives or verbs ( happiness and serenity from

1692-413: The grammatical forms that they take. In Sanskrit, Greek, and Latin, for example, nouns are categorized by gender and inflected for case and number . Because adjectives share these three grammatical categories , adjectives typically were placed in the same class as nouns. Similarly, the Latin term nōmen includes both nouns (substantives) and adjectives, as originally did the English word noun ,

1739-496: The known features of Cegléd is its richness in thermal water. At the outskirts of the town, there is a thermal spa . Best Western Hotel Aquarell Cegled is located near the city's Thermal Bath and Aquapark. Locals traditionally held that the town has the biggest Calvinist church in Central Europe , but this is disputed. The church of Debrecen is bigger by square footage, while the Cegléd church seems to be bigger by volume. In

1786-565: The name "Gerjepart" (Bank of the Gerje). The town's football team is Ceglédi VSE . The main road number 4 passes Cegléd towards Budapest to the Northwest, and Debrecen to the East, while the road number 441 connects the town with Kecskemét . The closest connection to a highway can be reached near Albertirsa , some 15 kilometres (9 miles) Northwest of Cegléd, where the highway M5 passes. The town features

1833-467: The nouns present those entities. Many nouns have both countable and uncountable uses; for example, soda is countable in "give me three sodas", but uncountable in "he likes soda". Collective nouns are nouns that – even when they are treated in their morphology and syntax as singular – refer to groups consisting of more than one individual or entity. Examples include committee , government , and police . In English these nouns may be followed by

1880-419: The organisation of the first-ever Hungarian collective farm in 1902 (based on free will back then). On 29 August 1944, the Cegléd marshalling yard was bombed by 15th AF / 301st BG, which caused damage to the town. However, parks and streets were fairly quickly rebuilt, thanks to the inhabitants. Jews settled in Cegléd in the first half of the 19th Century, forming a Neologist congregation in 1869 and reaching

1927-574: The outskirts of the town), when the revolutionary troops of Mór Perczel defeated the Habsburgs, led by Ottinger. In July 1849, due to the political situation, Cegléd was the seat of the Hungarian revolutionary government for a week. The golden age of the town were the last years of the 19th and the first ones of the 20th century. The town went through a quick urbanisation, got a secondary school and many important public facilities were built. Cegléd also saw

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1974-456: The start of this article), but this could not apply in Russian , which has no definite articles. In some languages common and proper nouns have grammatical gender, typically masculine, feminine, and neuter. The gender of a noun (as well as its number and case, where applicable) will often require agreement in words that modify or are used along with it. In French for example, the singular form of

2021-659: The taste of the early 20th century. The Lutheran church is built in neogothic style, while the Catholic Church (Church of the Blessing of the Holy Cross) is a classicist one. Cegléd has five secondary schools: József Bem Polytechnic Vocational High School, László Ungvári High School of Commerce and Tourism, Lajos Kossuth Secondary Grammar School, János Török Vocational High School of Health Care and Agriculture, and Cegléd High School of Informatics and Economics As well as

2068-519: The teaching of music and singing is done by the Kodály -method. The town has two local television channels, Cegléd TV is backed by the local authority, while Club TV is a commercial one. The local radio station is called "Cegléd Rádió" (formerly Rádió 88). As for the printed media , Cegléd has a weekly local paper called Kék Újság (Blue Newspaper), as well as a magazine, Ceglédi Panoráma (Panorama of Cegléd). A periodical cultural review used to appear under

2115-424: The two types being distinguished as nouns substantive and nouns adjective (or substantive nouns and adjective nouns , or simply substantives and adjectives ). (The word nominal is now sometimes used to denote a class that includes both nouns and adjectives.) Many European languages use a cognate of the word substantive as the basic term for noun (for example, Spanish sustantivo , "noun"). Nouns in

2162-554: Was finished in 1870, and became the symbol of the town. The other symbol of Cegléd is Lajos Kossuth . During his 1848 conscription tour, he told his famous speech in the Market Place of Cegléd. By his words more than 5000 men joined his army for the victory. Later his son, Ferenc Kossuth became the deputy of Cegléd in the Hungarian parliament. During the 1848-1849 war of independence , one battle passed next to Cegléd, in Bede (today one of

2209-479: Was governed by revolutionary forces, organised mainly by pupils of the local Kossuth Lajos Secondary School. During the Communist regime, agriculture and light industry were made priorities, and after the fall of the regime, these features started to decline, and many of the inhabitants moved to bigger towns. Today, however, the town seems to have refound itself on the base of tourism and its thermal water. Cegléd

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