The Caterpillar Diesels (also later known as the Peoria Cats or Caterpillars ) was an amateur basketball team located in Peoria, Illinois and sponsored and run by the Caterpillar Inc. company. The Caterpillars were one of the most successful teams of the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) in the 1950s and they became world-wide known in 1952 when five of their players represented the USA team in the Olympics, winning the gold medal.
60-485: The origins of the team go back to the beginning of the 20th century when a few Caterpillar employees formed the company's first team, the Holt-Caterpillar, in 1915. Gradually, basketball became part of the employee activities program and the team would create its basketball section in 1937. The team's would change soon to Caterpillar Diesels. The Caterpillar team won five AAU national championships from 1952 to 1960 and
120-551: A 16-game schedule, the new lineup was league champion Bartlesville Phillips 66ers (15-1 record), Denver Chevvies , Peoria Caterpillars, Akron Goodyears/Akron Goodyear Wingfoots , and Milwaukee Allen-Bradleys. In the 1949–50 season, with the addition of the Dayton Industrialists making the league a six-team circuit, the Phillips 66ers repeated as champions. The league expanded again in the 1950–51 season to eight teams, adding
180-751: A 74–71 four-overtime classic over the Denver-Chicago Truckers . When the NBA's No. 1 overall choice of the 1959 draft, Bob Boozer , an All-American from Kansas State, spurned Cincinnati Royals 's pro franchise to play in Peoria, the Cats tacked on their last championship. Peoria defeated the Akron Wingfoots 115–99 in the 1960 final. Caterpillar decided to end its sponsorship of the Cats in 1960. Escalating salaries offered by NBA franchises – gaining in popularity because of
240-431: A basketball renaissance in Peoria with a 66–53 victory over great rivals Phillips 66ers in the 1952 AAU national championship game. Williams drained nine of 11 shots for a game-high 20 points and Dan Pippin added 17 in what proved to be the first of three consecutive national titles for Peoria. In general, the early 1950s was a period when the NBA was still developing. Star college players like Allen Kelley , drafted by
300-496: A championship basketball team, it decided to pull the plug. National Industrial Basketball League The National Industrial Basketball League was founded in 1947 to enable U.S. mill workers a chance to compete in basketball. The league was founded by the industrial teams (teams sponsored by the large companies and made up of their employees) belonging to the National Basketball League (NBL) that did not join
360-610: A fourth in 1951. They also joined the newly formed amateur league the National Industrial Basketball League in 1947, finishing second behind the Milwaukee Harnischfegers in their first season. Peoria would turn a corner without knowing it at the end of the 1947–1948 season with the acquisition of an obscure 29-year-old guard from Southeastern State College in Oklahoma named Warren Womble . After playing
420-510: A pig. During the 1890s, the team was referred to as the Jayhawkers by the student body. Over time, the name was gradually supplanted by its shorter variant, and KU's sports teams are now almost exclusively known as the Jayhawks. The Jayhawk appears in several Kansas cheers, most notably, the " Rock Chalk, Jayhawk " chant in unison before and during games. In the traditions promoted by KU, the jayhawk
480-478: A resurgence in popularity since the team started scheduling games against historical rivals Missouri and Nebraska, starting on an annualized basis in 2013. The team is coached by Andy McConnell. The team's primary logo is the traditional Kansas Jayhawk logo, with the secondary logo paying homage to the Vancouver Canucks classic logo, with the outline of the state of Kansas having a hockey stick running through
540-459: A variety of motives, including defense against pro-slavery "Border Ruffians", abolition of slavery, driving pro- slavery settlers from Kansas Territory and their claims of land, Christianity, revenge, or plunder and personal profit. In September 1861, the town of Osceola, Missouri , was burned to the ground by Jayhawkers during the Sacking of Osceola . On the 150th anniversary of that event in 2011,
600-530: Is said to be a combination of two birds, "the blue jay, a noisy, quarrelsome thing known to rob other nests; and the sparrow hawk, a stealthy hunter." The term Jayhawker was made famous in Clint Eastwood’s movie The Outlaw Josey Wales. An older Kansas couple comes into a general store in Texas. The checker says, “The wheat is from Kansas and the molasses comes from Missouri.” Grandma says, “Well sir we'll do without
660-761: The Big 12 Conference since it was formed, before the 1996–97 season, and dominated it, winning 12 straight conference titles dating back to 2005. Before that, the Jayhawks have belonged to the Missouri Valley Intercollegiate Athletic Association from the 1907–08 to 1927–28 seasons, the Big Six Conference from 1928–29 to 1946–47, the Big Seven Conference from 1947–48 to 1957–58, the Big Eight Conference from 1958–59 up until
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#1732876893196720-787: The Milwaukee Bucks in 1954, and Howie Crittenden , selected by the New York Knicks in 1956, both chose to play for the Cats instead. By winning the AAU championship in 1952, the Diesels went on to compete in the Olympic basketball team playoffs at Madison Square Garden in New York City, N.Y. At the Olympic playoffs, after beating the Phillips 66ers in the semifinals, the Caterpillar Diesels defeated
780-862: The National Basketball Association when the NBL merged with the Basketball Association of America . The NIBL teams participated every year in the AAU National tournament against teams from other amateur or semi-professional leagues. The league's first year, 1947–48, featured five teams in an eight-game schedule—the Milwaukee Harnischfeger's (which won the round robin schedule with an 8–0 record), Peoria Caterpillars , Milwaukee Allen-Bradleys, Akron Goodyear Wingfoots , and Fort Wayne General Electrics. The following season (1948-1949), with
840-692: The USA Rugby sevens national championship . Notable University of Kansas rugby all-Americans are: Pete Knudsen 1986, Paul King 1989–90, Anthony Rio 1992, Philip Olson 1993 all American, Joel Foster 1993, Collin Gotham 1993. In 2022 the club played in the USA Rugby D1AA spring national championship game, falling to Fresno State, 22–17. Competing in the ACHA , the Kansas Jayhawks Club Ice Hockey team has seen
900-612: The ( Oakland Blue 'n Gold Atlas ) and San Francisco Stewart Chevrolets. The Dayton team renamed as the Dayton Air Gems, and the Phillips 66ers repeated for their third consecutive title. The league expanded to 11 teams, in 1951-52 with such new teams as the Los Angeles Fibber McGee & Mollys, Artesia REA Travelers, and Santa Maria Golden Dukes. The 66ers just edged the Oakland Atlas-Pacific Engineers and
960-491: The 1922 and 1923 seasons, winning NCAA national championships in 1952, 1988, 2008, and 2022, and playing in 16 Final Fours. The Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball team is one of only three programs to win more than 2,000 games. KU ranked 4th in Street & Smith's Annual list of 100 greatest college basketball programs of all time in 2005. Kansas first fielded a women's team during the 1968–69 season. For thirty-one seasons (1973–2004)
1020-420: The 1948–49 season, Womble expressed a desire to Caterpillar executives to move back to Oklahoma to pursue a coaching career. That was when the Cats manager Jim Monroe made easily the best move in Peoria's AAU program, offering Womble the coaching job, replacing the Cats' first coach, Marv Hamilton. Womble assisted Hamilton, who was promoted to a position within the company that didn't allow him to coach anymore, for
1080-618: The 1949–50 campaign before taking over as head coach the following year. Womble focused on reforming the team, acquiring sharp-shooting guard Howie Williams from Purdue, 6-foot-9-inch Frank McCabe (Marquette), 6-foot-11-inch center [Will Reeser]6-foot-2-inch guard from Kansas State Teachers College (now Emporia State University) a Little All American two years running. Marcus Freiberger from Oklahoma, speedy 5-foot-10-inch guard Dan Pippin from Missouri and 6-foot-2-inch guard Ron Bontemps who played for Illinois' first undefeated high school state champion, Taylorville, in 1944. The Cats ushered in
1140-505: The 1953-54 title, each with a 10–4 record. The next two seasons, the 66ers and the Cats took first and second respectively. A new team in the greatly reduced circuit of five teams in 1955-56 was the Wichita Vickers . The 1956–57 season was one of the most competitive in the NIBL history. While the 66ers again took first with a 13–7 record, four teams tied for second with 11-9 records, including
1200-541: The 2011 year ranked 24th. Kansas rugby has embarked on international tours since 1977, playing in Europe, New Zealand, South Africa, Belgium, Holland, Scotland, England, Ireland and Argentina. The team plays its matches at the Westwick Rugby Complex, which was funded by $ 350,000 in alumni donations. Kansas often hosts the annual Heart of America sevens tournament played every September, the winner of which qualifies for
1260-479: The 63 regular season conference championships, the Jayhawks have also won 28 conference tournament championships: Big 7 Holiday Tournament (4) Big 8 Holiday Tournament (9) Big 8 Postseason Tournament (4) Big 12 Postseason Tournament (12) The Kansas Jayhawks football team holds the most conference championships for a division 1 team in the state of Kansas with 9 all-time. The Jayhawks started play in football in 1890 as an Independent, but have since been part of
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#17328768931961320-519: The AAU Tournaments. The Cats went on to defeat Los Alamitos Naval Air Station (73–62) and Grihalva Buick (63–55), both of California, for titles in 1953 and 1954, respectively. With the addition of 6-foot-9-inch Bert Born , a member of the Kansas Jayhawks ' 1952 NCAA national champion and MVP of the 1953 Final Four for a national runner-up, Peoria added another AAU national title in 1958 with
1380-623: The American Civil War known as Bleeding Kansas that took place in the Kansas Territory ( Sacking of Lawrence ) and the western frontier towns of Missouri throughout the 1850s. The incidents were clashes between pro-slavery factions from both states and anti-slavery Kansans to influence whether Kansas would enter the Union as a free or slave state. In the opening year of the war, six Missouri towns (the largest being Osceola ) and large swaths of
1440-659: The Big 12 for soccer. The team is coached by Mark Francis, who is in his 25th season at KU as of 2023, with a record of 258-192-43. The team's overall record since 1995 is 283-240-46, with two Big 12 conference titles, a divisional title, and 9 appearances in the NCAA tournament. Founded in 1964, Kansas Jayhawks Rugby Football Club plays college rugby in the Division 1 Heart of America conference against its many of its traditional Big 8 / Big 12 rivals such as Kansas State and Missouri. Kansas finished
1500-452: The Jayhawk helped answer the question of what the mythical bird would look like. When asked why he gave the bird shoes Maloy responded, "Why? For kicking opponents, of course." C Jay was reintroduced as a full-sized mascot on February 25, 2012 in the final Border War against Missouri to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Jayhawk. C Jay was used only in 2012 for the 100-year anniversary of
1560-493: The NBA, and the NIBL began to decline in popularity and profitability. This is evidenced by the disbandment of the Peoria Cats at the end of the 1959–60 season. In the NIBL's final season, 1960–61, the league had dropped down to only six members divided into two divisions, Eastern ( Cleveland Pipers , Akron Goodyears, New York Tuck Tapers ) and Western (Denver-Chicago Truckers, Phillips 66ers, and Seattle Buchan Bakers). Instead of
1620-611: The NIBL. Phog Allen , the legendary basketball coach who is often referred to as the “Father of Basketball Coaching,” was the head coach of the University of Kansas and was chosen as assistant coach of the U.S. Olympic team and would report to Womble. In the Olympics of 1952 in Helsinki, the USA team was the only undefeated team after the first six games. The U.S. played Argentina in the first game of
1680-890: The Orange Bowl, 1948, 1969 and 2008, winning in 2008. The team currently plays in Memorial Stadium (capacity 50,071), the seventh oldest college football stadium in the nation, which opened in 1921. Clint Bowen was named interim head coach after Charlie Weis was fired September 28, 2014. On December 5, 2014, David Beaty was announced as the next head football coach. Kansas baseball began in 1880 and has produced notable players such as Bob Allison and Steve Renko . The team has appeared in five NCAA tournaments (1993, 1994, 2006, 2009, 2014) and one College World Series (1993). The Jayhawks softball team has appeared in seven Women's College World Series , including five straight from 1973–77, as well as 1979 and 1992. In 1949, Marilynn Smith won
1740-653: The San Francisco Stewart Chevrolets for their fourth title, with a 17–5 record to their opponents 16-6 records that tied for second. The next season (1952-1953), the league dropped down to nine teams, but saw new opponents in the Houston Ada Oilers and the Los Angeles Kirby's Shoes. The 66ers beat the Caterpillars for the title by one game, with a 13–3 record. The Peoria Cats tied the 66ers for
1800-854: The USBC National Title in 2004. The name "Jayhawk" comes from the Kansas Jayhawker militias during the Bleeding Kansas era of the American Civil War . The term became part of the lexicon of the Missouri-Kansas border in about 1858, during the Kansas territorial period, as these militia groups began to grow in Kansas. Another historian of the territorial period described the Jayhawkers as bands of men that were willing to fight, kill, and rob for
1860-524: The University of Kansas with the score of 62–60. As a result, Warren Womble was selected to be the head coach of the U.S. Olympic basketball team and could choose seven members to comprise the U.S. Olympic team. He chose five members of the Caterpillar Diesels ( Frank McCabe , Ron Bontemps , Dan Pippin , Marc Freiberger and Howie Williams ) and also chose two members of the Phillips 66ers ( Bob Kurland and Wayne Glasgow ) out of respect to their rival team and
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1920-463: The WIUFA, Missouri Valley, were founding members of the Big 8 Conference , and were founding members of the Big 12 Conference . Kansas has won 12 NCAA team national championships and 3 non-NCAA National Championships. Eleven of the twelve NCAA Championships have come from men's sports teams. The sole women's National Championship was from the outdoor track team in 2013. The last team National Championship
1980-726: The athletic teams that represent the University of Kansas . KU is one of three schools in the state of Kansas that participate in NCAA Division I . The Jayhawks are also a member of the Big 12 Conference . KU athletic teams have won fifteen national championships all-time, with twelve of those being NCAA Division I championships: four in men's basketball, one in men's cross country, three in men's indoor track and field , three in men's outdoor track and field, and one in women's outdoor track and field. Kansas basketball also won two Helms Foundation National Titles in 1922 and 1923, and KU Bowling won
2040-593: The end of the 1995–96 season. The Big Six and Big Seven conferences were actually the more often used names of the Missouri Valley Intercollegiate Athletic Association, which existed under that official name until 1964, when it was changed to the Big Eight. Missouri Valley Intercollegiate Athletic Association (13) Big Six Conference (12) Big Seven Conference (5) Big Eight Conference (13) Big 12 Conference (20) In addition to
2100-578: The final round, winning 85–76. The U.S. was matched in the finals against the Russian team. This was a monumental occasion as it was at the height of the Cold War and was also the first Olympics that Russia fielded a basketball team. The U.S. defeated the Russians 36–25 in a not televised final, winning the gold medal. After the Olympic triumph the Diesels changed their name to Peoria Cats and continued their success in
2160-567: The first time since Missouri left for the SEC. Kansas had a rivalry with the Nebraska Cornhuskers , though that rivalry had more to do with who had the better sports program, with Kansas priding itself on its basketball prowess and Nebraska on its football dominance. This rivalry of sports cultures has gone dormant with Nebraska's departure for the Big Ten Conference in 2011. Prior to 2011,
2220-593: The first time since their coming to the league, finishing in third place. The Truckers finished first with a 21–9 record, with the Vickers runner-up at 19–11. Joining the league that season was the Seattle Buchan Bakers . However, in the 1959–60 season, the 66ers regained their title as league champions. By the early 1960s, NIBL teams were increasingly struggling to compete with the salaries offered in professional league. Top college graduates increasingly gravitated to
2280-531: The football series between the 2 schools was the 3rd most played rivalry in college football behind Minnesota-Wisconsin and Kansas-Missouri. In basketball, Kansas leads the all-time series 170–71. This list below is for Olympic medalists and Hall of Famers in their respective sport, with a single exception. For a more comprehensive list of notable athletes see List of University of Kansas people § Athletes and coaches . Kansas has had 16 full-time athletic directors and 8 interim athletic directors. W. O. Hamilton
2340-536: The history of the Jayhawker moniker, with the football team, among other Varsity teams, donning civil war themed uniforms. Jayhawks Big Jay and Baby Jay are the costume mascots used by the University of Kansas. Another Jayhawk costume mascot was Centennial Jay , or C Jay . C Jay was created by student cartoonist Henry Maloy and featured in the University Daily Kansan in 1912. Maloy's depiction of
2400-480: The infusion of college talent such as West, Baylor, Chamberlain and Russell – caused Caterpillar to think twice about continuing its program. Bob Boozer finally signed for the Cincinnati Royals and enjoyed an 11-year NBA stint. Caterpillar was more interested in developing employees, not becoming a minor-league affiliate for the NBA. Although the company liked the positive exposure it received from sponsoring
2460-602: The middle of it. Big 12 Conference champions have the best conference regular season record, and titles are awarded to the winner of the postseason championship tournament. In all sports combined, as of December 2016, the Jayhawks have won total of 170 conference titles all-time, 24 championships since joining the Big 12. Approximately one third of those are from the Men's basketball. The Jayhawks have won or shared an NCAA record 63 conference championships since they joined their first conference in 1907. The Jayhawks have belonged to
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2520-491: The molasses, anything from Missouri has a taint about it.” Grandpa says, “Now, Grandma, you’ve got to tread lightly now that we’re here in Texas. Lot of nice elements from Missouri coming West.” Grandma responds, “Never heard of nice things from Missouri coming West, and treading lightly is not my way. We’re from Kansas, Jayhawkers and proud of it.” The link between the term "Jayhawkers" and any specific kind of mythical bird, if it ever existed, had been lost or at least obscured by
2580-578: The most intense in the nation. However, no regular season games were scheduled after Missouri accepted an offer to join the Southeastern Conference and Kansas refused Missouri's offer to continue rivalry outside of the conference. In the basketball series Kansas leads by a large margin (172-95 KU), in football Missouri leads by a very small margin (56-55-9 MU) and baseball Missouri leads by a large margin. Regular season games have been scheduled for basketball beginning in 2020 and football in 2025 for
2640-534: The newly added Denver-Chicago Truckers. This proved to be the last season for the Milwaukee Allen-Bradleys, who finished last for the seventh time with a 3–17 record. The 1957–58 season saw the Vickers move to the forefront, tying the 66ers for the league title with a 21–9 record. A new team that year was the Kansas City Kaycee's. In the 1958–59 season, the 66ers failed to take the league title for
2700-472: The newly formed American Basketball League in 1961. In the 1950s the salaries were about the same as the NBA and there was a job for all players in their companies. Some of them ended up being president of their companies, working there for a lifetime. Most of players wanted no part of the uncertain professional game, and instead were accepting a position with the companies, rejecting offers even from NBA. The NIBL
2760-443: The origin of the Jayhawk, Blackmar specifically referenced the blue jay and sparrow hawk. Blackmar's address served to soften the link between KU's athletic team moniker and the Jayhawkers of the Kansas territorial period, and helped explain the relatively recently invented Jayhawk pictorial symbol with a myth that appears to have been of even more recent fabrication. More recently, however, the University and KU fans have again embraced
2820-459: The original Jayhawk design. The University of Kansas officially sponsors 16 sports: 6 men's and 10 women's. There are also club-level sports for rugby , ice hockey , and men's volleyball . The school used to sponsor a wrestling team, though the sport was discontinued during the 1960s. The Jayhawks men's NCAA basketball program is one of the most successful and prestigious programs in the history of college basketball. The Jayhawks' first coach
2880-624: The round-robin schedule determining a winner, the league sponsored a four-team playoff. The Pipers beat the Truckers for the championship, 136–100. The 66ers beat the Goodyears for in a match for third place, 114–112. In 1961, the league dropped their industrial sponsors and merged with other amateur leagues to form the National Alliance of Basketball Leagues (NABL). The Pipers and the Tapers left to join
2940-437: The time KU's bird mascot was invented in 1912. The originator of the first bird mascot, Henry Maloy, struggled for over two years to create a pictorial symbol for the team, until hitting upon the bird idea. As explained by Mr. Maloy, "the term ‘jayhawk’ in the school yell was a verb and the term ‘jayhawkers’ was the noun." KU's current Jayhawk tradition largely springs from Frank W. Blackmar, a KU professor. In his 1926 address on
3000-520: The town asked the University of Kansas to remove the Jayhawk as its mascot; although, the university refused. Over time, proud of their state's contributions to the end of slavery and the preservation of the Union, Kansans embraced the "Jayhawker" term. The term came to be applied to people or items related to Kansas. When the University of Kansas fielded their first football team in 1890, like many universities at that time, they had no official mascot. They used many different independent mascots, including
3060-409: The western Missouri country side were plundered and burned by guerrilla "Jayhawkers" from Kansas. The Sacking of Osceola led to a retaliatory raid on Lawrence, Kansas two years later known as the Lawrence Massacre killing between 185 and 200 men and boys, which in turn led to the infamous General Order No. 11 (1863) , the forced depopulation of several western Missouri counties. The raid on Lawrence
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#17328768931963120-420: The women's individual intercollegiate golf championship (an event conducted by the Division of Girls' and Women's Sports (DGWS) — which later evolved into the current NCAA women's golf championship). Women's soccer at the University of Kansas got its start in 1995, and they play their games at Rock Chalk Park in northwest Lawrence, Kansas. The stadium holds 2,500 people, making it one of the larger stadiums in
3180-434: The women's team was coached by Marian Washington , who led the team to three Big Eight championships, one Big 12 Championship, six conference tournament championships, eleven NCAA Tournament appearances and four AIAW Tournament appearances. The team's best post-season result was a Sweet Sixteen appearance in 1998. Bonnie Henrickson served as head coach from 2004 to 2015, until she was fired in March 2015. Brandon Schneider
3240-520: Was dedicated to remaining amateur at a time when basketball was desperately trying to carve out some postwar space in the pro sports landscape. But professional basketball staggered forward and the NIBL flourished, mostly because its stability allowed companies to poach stars such as Bob Kurland. The NIBL merged with other AAU leagues and reorganized into the National AAU Basketball League (NABL) in 1961. Kansas Jayhawks The Kansas Jayhawks , commonly referred to as simply KU or Kansas , are
3300-404: Was from the men's basketball team in 2022. Five different sports have won at least one championship. The Jayhawks have also won three national titles not awarded by the NCAA: Kansas State University is Kansas' in-state rival. The series between Kansas and Kansas State is known as the Sunflower Showdown . The 160-year-old rivalry between Kansas and Missouri began with open violence that up to
3360-665: Was hired to replace Henrickson in April 2015. KU began playing football in 1890. The football team has had notable alumni including Gale Sayers , a two-time All-American who later enjoyed an injury-shortened yet Hall of Fame career with the Chicago Bears; John Riggins , another Pro Football Hall of Famer and Super Bowl XVII MVP with the Washington Redskins; Pro Football Hall of Famer for the Cleveland Browns, Mike McCormack . Additional notable former Jayhawks John Hadl , Curtis McClinton , Dana Stubblefield , Bobby Douglass , Nolan Cromwell , and former NFL cornerbacks Aqib Talib and Chris Harris Jr. The Jayhawks have appeared three times in
3420-403: Was led by William Quantrill , a Confederate guerrilla born in Ohio who had formed his bushwhacker group at the end of 1861. At the time the Civil War broke out, Quantrill was a resident of Lawrence, Kansas teaching school. The athletic rivalry began with a football game on October 31, 1891. Currently it is the second longest played series in Division I football and has been described as one of
3480-640: Was the first official athletic director. Travis Goff has served as the athletic director since 2021. Longtime men's basketball coach Phog Allen also served as athletic director for 18 years. Total revenue includes Ticket sales, contributions and donations, rights and licensing, student fees, school funds and all other sources including TV income, camp income, concessions, and novelties. Total expenses includes coach and staff salaries, scholarships, buildings and grounds, maintenance, utilities and rental fees, recruiting, team travel, equipment and uniforms, conference dues, and insurance. The following table shows
3540-414: Was the first team in the Cold War era (1958) to tour the USSR where they went undefeated. The Caterpillar's team, funded by nickels and dimes it collected from vending machines inside company break rooms, just began to scratch the surface of its potential in the annual national AAU tournaments from 1945 to 1951 (all hosted at Denver). The Cat Diesels were placed among the top four twice: a third in 1949 and
3600-523: Was the inventor of the game, James Naismith . The program has produced some of the game's greatest professional players (including Clyde Lovellette , Wilt Chamberlain , Joel Embiid , Jo Jo White , and Paul Pierce ) and most successful coaches (including Phog Allen , Adolph Rupp , Ralph Miller , Dutch Lonborg , John McLendon , Larry Brown , Dean Smith , Roy Williams , and Bill Self ). The program has enjoyed considerable national success, having been retrospectively awarded Helms Foundation titles for
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