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74-585: The antecedents of the Carreras business began trading in the eighteenth century (the company's products and advertising materials consistently bore the motto 'Established 1788'), and forebears of the founder’s family were Spanish apothecaries . The founder of the business was a Spanish nobleman, Don José Carreras Ferrer, who fought in the Peninsular War under the Duke of Wellington (1808–1814). After serving and receiving

148-518: A chance to collect small cardboard flags of the Allies and in 1916 the first set of cigarette cards was included in the packs. This was a set of 140 war cartoons by Louis Raemaekers which could fetch a considerable price at auction today. The next series of cards quickly followed, featuring Women on War Work. This was succeeded in 1915 by a series on the Science of Boxing. During the early 1920s enthusiasm for

222-583: A collection of more than 800 prescriptions. It lists over 700 different drugs. In ancient India, the Sushruta Samhita , a compendium on the practice of medicine and medical formulations, has been traced back to the 1st century BC. The Shen-nung pen ts'ao ching , a Chinese book on agriculture and medicinal plants (3rd century AD), is considered a foundational material for Chinese medicine and herbalism and became an important source for Chinese apothecaries. The book, which documented 365 treatments, had

296-470: A focus on roots and grass. It had treatments which came from minerals, roots and grass, and animals. Many of the mentioned drugs and their uses are still followed today. Ginseng's use as a sexual stimulant and aid for erectile dysfunction stems from this book. Ma huang, an herb first mentioned in the book, led to the introduction of the drug ephedrine into modern medicine. According to Sharif Kaf al-Ghazal, and S. Hadzovic, apothecary shops existed during

370-456: A limited range of selected articles covering more personal day-to-day requirements. The brand was very successful. At one time there were no fewer than 14 factories devoted entirely to the production of clothing to be given in return for coupons for Clubs cigarettes. Sales increased rapidly and more competition arose with at least six other brands of a similar type. Clubs' success even persuaded Gallaher Tobacco to introduce coupons into Park Drive,

444-606: A move which all through the coupon war they had steadfastly maintained they would never do. The companies agreed to end the coupon war in 1933 with the formation of the Tobacco Trade Association, now the UK Tobacco Manufacturers' Association. To increase sales of this brand of cigarettes, and to offer a cheaper price, there was the introduction of the Flip top 20 pack a design submitted by Frederick Willis. Although

518-527: Is apoteker , which was borrowed from the Dutch apotheker . In Yiddish the word is אַפּטייק apteyk . Use of the term in the names of businesses varies with time and location. It is generally an Americanism, though some areas of the United States use it to invoke an experience of nostalgic revival and it has been used for a wide variety of businesses; while in other areas such as California its use

592-468: Is legally obligated to be run at all times by at least one Apotheker (male) or Apothekerin (female), who actually has an academic degree as a pharmacist – in German Pharmazeut (male) or Pharmazeutin (female) – and has obtained the professional title Apotheker by either working in the field for numerous years, usually by working in a pharmacy store, or taking additional exams. Thus a Pharmazeut

666-489: Is noon apothecarie, I shal myself to herbes techen yow, That shul been for youre hele and for youre prow. In modern English, this can be translated as: ... and you should not linger, Though in this town there is no apothecary, I shall teach you about herbs myself, That will be for your health and for your pride. In Renaissance Italy , Italian Nuns became a prominent source for medicinal needs. At first they used their knowledge in non-curative uses in

740-547: Is not always an Apotheker . Magdalena Neff became the first woman to gain a medical qualification in Germany when she studied pharmacy at the Technical University of Karlsruhe and later passed the apothecary's examination in 1906. Apothecaries used their own measurement system, the apothecaries' system , to provide precise weighing of small quantities. Apothecaries dispensed vials of poisons as well as medicines, and as

814-492: Is not archaic and has become those languages' term for "pharmacy" or a pharmacist who owns one. Apothecaries' investigation of herbal and chemical ingredients was a precursor to the modern sciences of chemistry and pharmacology . In addition to dispensing herbs and medicine, apothecaries offered general medical advice and a range of services that are now performed by other specialist practitioners, such as surgeons and obstetricians . Apothecary shops sold ingredients and

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888-401: Is restricted to licensed pharmacies. The profession of apothecary can be dated back at least to 2600 BC to ancient Babylon , which provides one of the earliest records of the practice of the apothecary. Clay tablets have been found with medical texts recording symptoms, prescriptions, and the directions for compounding. The Papyrus Ebers from ancient Egypt, written around 1500 BC, contain

962-404: Is still the case, medicines could be either beneficial or harmful if inappropriately used. Protective methods to prevent accidental ingestion of poisons included the use of specially-shaped containers for potentially poisonous substances such as laudanum . Apothecary businesses were typically family-run, and wives or other women of the family worked alongside their husbands in the shops, learning

1036-495: The 7 and 7 ( Seagram's 7 Crown and 7 Up) and CC and Seven ( Canadian Club whisky and 7 Up). 7 Up is also used in both alcoholic and non-alcoholic punches. 7 Up has been reformulated several times since its launch in 1929. In 2006, the version of the product sold in the U.S. was reformulated so it could be marketed as being "100% natural ". This was achieved by eliminating the chelating agent calcium disodium EDTA , and replacing sodium citrate with potassium citrate to reduce

1110-759: The Middle Ages in Baghdad , operated by pharmacists in 754 during the Abbasid Caliphate , or Islamic Golden Age . Apothecaries were also active in Al-Andalus by the 11th century. By the end of the 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer ( c.  1342 –1400) was mentioning an English apothecary in the Canterbury Tales , specifically " The Nun's Priest's Tale " as Pertelote speaks to Chauntecleer (lines 181–184): ... and for ye shal nat tarie, Though in this toun

1184-425: The 1930s. "Fresh-Up Freddie" was the rooster mascot for 7 Up in the 1950s. He gave viewers lessons about how to plan successful parties and picnics by having plenty of 7 Up on hand. The commercials were produced by Disney , giving the character the specific Disney look of the time. Freddie has been described as a hybrid of the rooster Panchito Pistoles from The Three Caballeros and the zany Aracuan Bird from

1258-560: The Arcade in London's newly developed Regent Street W1. The business remained in the hands of the Carreras family until 1894, when Mr. W J Yapp, a well-known figure in the shoe leather industry, took control. Prince's Street became part of Wardour Street in 1878, and Number 61 became known as Prince's House, No 7 Wardour Street. The House of Carreras became a London landmark, and it was here that Prince Edward (later Edward VII ) often came to select

1332-472: The Black Cat was at a peak, with many people wearing badges and stickers featuring the cat and even going to fancy dress parties in black cat costumes. By now, coupon trading was fiercely competitive and the Black Cat gift catalogue offered gramophone records, gardening equipment, gentlemen's razors, automobile accessories and wirelesses . The cigarette manufacturers agreed to withdraw coupons on 1 January 1934 but

1406-528: The Bonsack machine, making 200 cigarettes a minute, was exclusively available only to members of this Group. Around this time another of the cigarette machine makers, Bernhard Baron , had returned to London from the United States in 1896 with a patent for a new machine which could make 450 cigarettes a minute. Baron's progress was watched with interest by Mr. Yapp who was by then running the Carreras business but who

1480-468: The Carreras factory at Spanishtown , Jamaica. Between the two World Wars, Carreras' sales in the United Kingdom and overseas increased, and more brands were launched. In 1929, trade-marks were acquired with the purchase of John Sinclair Ltd of Newcastle upon Tyne (including Barneys Tobacco, Barneys Punchbowle, and Parson's Pleasure). Soon after the purchase of Sinclairs the grandson of the founder of

1554-622: The Imperial Tobacco Group and the new American maker, James Buchanan Duke , who was also capturing large slices of the British market with Ogden’s Guinea Gold, the first Virginia cigarette made in England. The original Carreras prospectus was heavily criticised in the City press, but within a short time, the shares were fully subscribed, particularly by members of the tobacco trade, who saw potential in

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1628-780: The Italian peninsula. From the 15th century to the 16th century, the apothecary gained the status of a skilled practitioner. In London, the apothecaries merited their own livery company , the Worshipful Society of Apothecaries , founded in 1617. Its roots, however, go back much earlier to the Guild of Pepperers formed in London in 1180. Similarly in Ireland, Apothecaries were organized since before 1446. In Ireland and Great Britain they were allowed to diagnose in addition to compounding and dispensing, becoming regulated general medical practitioners and

1702-544: The Norwegian market. The lack of the usual light or zero-label is confusing to Norwegian consumers, who often buy it not knowing they are buying a product with artificial sugars. In 2007, Cadbury Schweppes entered into a licensing partnership with Vita Food Products to produce a line of barbecue sauces and marinades flavored with Dr Pepper , 7 Up, and A&W Root Beer . Metal pedestrian crossing markers saying "Drink 7up Safety First" were installed in many U.S. cities in

1776-591: The Rothmans cigarette and tobacco business in Britain and some of its overseas markets. As a result of this deal, the biggest shareholder in the operation became Rothmans Tobacco (Holdings). As the business expanded so new trading links were forged and new businesses opened up. Carreras Rothmans Ltd was formed in 1972 when Carreras Limited was used as the vehicle for the merger of various European tobacco interests to form Rothmans International . Carreras's Regent Street store

1850-465: The US, 7 Up merged with Dr Pepper in 1988; Cadbury Schweppes bought the combined company in 1995. The Dr Pepper Snapple Group was spun off from Cadbury Schweppes in 2008; it merged with Keurig Green Mountain in 2018 to form Keurig Dr Pepper . 7 Up is commonly consumed cold – refrigerated or with ice. It is also used as a mixer for highball alcoholic lemon-lime soda cocktails , including

1924-481: The United States in a series of commercials. Notably, one commercial had him wear a t-shirt that had 7 Up's then-slogan Make 7 Up Yours divided between the front and back with the double entendre on the back that featured the Up Yours part; 7 Up would sell the shirt through specialty retailer Spencer Gifts for many years. In 1974, 7 Up became The Jerry Lewis MDA Labor Day Telethon 's first corporate sponsor; this

1998-482: The armed forces. Cigarettes were in short supply but Baron continued making cigarettes and increased marketing in an attempt to outsell competitors. As an example, he enclosed French dictionaries in the containers of all cigarettes sent to the Front and supplied millions of copies of phrase and grammar books. In 1921, after the launch of Craven A, Carreras launched more brands such as Wall Arms, Piccadilly, and Turf. By 1927

2072-647: The assets of R & J Hill Ltd of London and the entire share capital of Murray, Sons and Company Ltd of Belfast who were manufacturing a range of popular pipe tobaccos, including Erinmore Mixture and Erinmore Flake. At this time, Alfred Dunhill Ltd, the tobacconists which had been established in 1907 at No 30 Duke Street SW1, was a subsidiary of the Carreras Group. Carreras also had an associate in Jamaica and an interest in P J Carroll, Ireland’s largest cigarette manufacturer. The Dutch cigar company, Schimmelpenninck,

2146-488: The beginning of the swing towards filtered cigarette smoking, Carreras launched a brand that came to have national appeal - Guards. In November 1958, with the sale of the Baron family shares, Carreras merged with Rothmans of Pall Mall which by now had markets in some 120 countries around the world. Two factors played an important part in bringing together Rothmans and Carreras. The first was the trend towards filter cigarettes which

2220-506: The beverage's sodium content. This reformulation contains no fruit juice and, in the U.S., is sweetened with high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS). The manufacturing process used in the production of HFCS has led some public health and advocacy groups to challenge the ad campaign 's "natural" claims. In 2007, after the Center for Science in the Public Interest threatened to sue 7 Up, it

2294-558: The blending of tobaccos and snuff . By 1852 Don José Joaquin Carreras had established himself near Leicester Square at 61 Prince's Street W1, and in 1853 was granted a warrant as the sole supplier of cigars and tobacco to the Spanish Legation in London. His fame as a tobacco blender soon spread, and he produced blends to suit the individual tastes of the highest members of society, with customers visiting his showrooms to select their own tobaccos. One of Don José's most famous customers

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2368-582: The business had outgrown the Arcadia premises in City Road ; the war had increased demand for cigarettes. In 1928, the famous Arcadia Works was opened in Mornington Crescent NW1, formerly a favourite residence of artists and writers. This building, which has become a major London landmark, was unusual in its design. It was the first factory in Britain to make use of pre-stressed concrete technology, and

2442-410: The business of Alexander Boguslavsky and opened a showroom at 55 Piccadilly W1 which still retained many of its privately occupied houses and clubs. The medallion, which is still reproduced on each packet of Piccadilly Filter, was acquired with the purchase of Boguslavsky's company. The 1914-18 war caused a rapid acceleration in cigarette smoking and Carreras was to the fore in supplying cigarettes to

2516-566: The company as “Black Cat Day”. Advertised extensively in the national press, Black Cat salesmen could give a golden half-sovereign to anyone they approached in the street who could prove they were in possession of a Black Cat pack. During the First World War Carreras sent gift parcels to the British troops which included French phrase books inside cigarette packs. These were to enable the soldiers to “get on better terms with our French allies”. In 1914 Black Cat cigarettes offered smokers

2590-410: The convents to solidify the sanctity of religion among their sisters. As they progressed in skill they started to expand their field to create profit. This profit they used towards their charitable goals. Because of their eventual spread to urban society, these religious women gained "roles of public significance beyond the spiritual realm (Strocchia 627). Later apothecaries led by nuns were spread across

2664-642: The end of the 1914-18 War, the market resumed its normal competitiveness. Baron launched a brand in 1921 with the slogan "Will Not Affect Your Throat". This was the first-ever machine-made cork-tipped cigarette, selling under the brand name of Craven A, again using the name of the Earl of Craven whose family remain close friends of the Rothmans International Group of companies. After the success of Craven A, various cork tipped brands were launched to compete by Imperial Tobacco Company and other tobacco houses. At

2738-594: The entrance of the building were two large bronze cats. Cast at the Haskins Foundry in London, these versions of the Egyptian god Bastet were each eight feet six inches tall and stood guard over Arcadia Works until 1959 when Carreras merged with Rothmans of Pall Mall and moved to a new factory in Basildon , Essex. The cats were separated, with one making the short journey to Essex, while the other went to be displayed outside

2812-471: The finest cigars. In 1881, the first cigarette-making machine was patented in the United States by James Bonsack , and by 1883 one of the British manufacturers, W. D. & H. O. Wills , had pioneered the use of the Bonsack machine in England. Wills joined with twelve other companies to form the Imperial Tobacco Group , from which both Rothmans and Carreras chose to remain independent, and by 1901

2886-460: The firm, John Alexander Sinclair, was elected to the Board of Carreras and later became Joint Managing Director. Once again a World War brought a sharp increase in the nation’s demand for cigarettes, coinciding with a scarcity of tobacco leaf. This brought about a shortage of both Carreras and its competitors' products, a situation which was not alleviated until the early 1950s. In 1953, Carreras acquired

2960-539: The first to contain air conditioning and a dust extraction plant. The company was also the first to provide full welfare services for its employees. The Arcadia Works was often visited by royalty, including the Duke of Windsor when he was the Prince of Wales, King George VI when he was the Duke of York, and the Duke of Kent. Many other important visitors from every part of the globe were entertained at Mornington Crescent. Leading to

3034-749: The first woman to be licensed to practice medicine in Britain by passing the examination of the Society of Apothecaries. By the end of the 19th century, the medical professions had taken on their current institutional form, with defined roles for physicians and surgeons, and the role of the apothecary was more narrowly conceived, as that of pharmacist (dispensing chemist in British English). In German-speaking countries, such as Germany, Austria and Switzerland, pharmacies or chemist stores are still called apothecaries or in German Apotheken . The Apotheke ("store")

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3108-686: The forerunners of General Practitioners there. However, there were ongoing tensions between apothecaries and other medical professions, as is illustrated by the publication of 'A Short View of the Frauds and Abuses Committed by Apothecaries' by the Physician Christopher Merrett in 1669 and the experiences of Susan Reeve Lyon and other women apothecaries in 17th century London. Often women (who were prohibited from entering medical school) became apothecaries which took away business from male physicians. In 1865 Elizabeth Garrett Anderson became

3182-417: The highest military honours, it is believed he was obliged to leave Spain on account of his political views. During the early years of the 19th century, Carreras began trading in London at a time when cigars were increasing in popularity and Don José became a pioneer in his field. However, although the business prospered it did not become a major concern until his son, Don José Joaquin, began to specialise in

3256-420: The late-19th and early-20th centuries. Its name was later changed to "7 Up Lithiated Lemon Soda", becoming just "7 Up" by 1936. The origin of the name is unclear. Britvic claims that the name comes from the seven main ingredients in the drink, while others have claimed that the number was a reference to the lithium contained in the original recipe, which has an atomic mass of 7. Britvic also claims that

3330-469: The market with cola flavoring. In the ads, Geoffrey holds a pair of cola nuts in one hand and a lemon & lime (used to flavor 7 Up) in the other hand and describes them as "Uncola nuts". In 1987, 7 Up introduced Spot, the red-orange dot in the 7 Up logo anthropomorphized into a mascot. The character was used heavily in advertising and licensed items across the U.S., including the 1993 platform video game Cool Spot . The cartoon character Fido Dido

3404-611: The medicines they prepared wholesale to other medical practitioners, as well as dispensing them to patients. In 17th-century England, they also controlled the trade in tobacco which was imported as a medicine. The term "apothecary" derives from the Ancient Greek ἀποθήκη ( apothḗkē , "a repository, storehouse") via Latin apotheca ("repository, storehouse, warehouse", cf. bodega and boutique ), Medieval Latin apothecarius ("storekeeper"), and eventually Old French apotecaire . In some European and other languages,

3478-408: The name alluded to 7 Up being packaged in seven-ounce bottles when Coca-Cola and most other soft drinks were bottled in six-ounce bottles. The 7 Up company was privately owned by its founding families until it was sold in 1978 to Philip Morris , which sold it in 1986 in two parts: the international division to PepsiCo and the US business to a group led by the investment firm Hicks & Haas . In

3552-443: The new venture. The Baron family had a reputation as good employers who treated their staff well. Bernhard Baron would walk amongst his employees daily, enquiring after their families, and his son, Louis, and his grandson, Maurice, also made regular visits to the factory floor. A tradition developed that on Bernhard's birthday, each December, all employees were given two weeks' wages and a cake to take home. In 1904, an allied company

3626-520: The number and variety of cigarette card series continued to increase, with Carreras amongst the most prolific of the issuing companies. During the Second World War, many cigarette brands were withdrawn from sale and Black Cat was one of these. The brand didn’t appear again until 1957, but it was reintroduced as a plain cigarette at a time when huge sales were being made by filter cigarettes. The market for plain brands continued to diminish and Black Cat

3700-457: The owner of the shop from where the coupon had been purchased. Expansion of the business continued and, in 1907, the first Arcadia Works was built on City Road EC1. More developments were made in the pipe field, including a cartridge case. Other brands were introduced before the First World War including Fireball, Golden Clipper, Red Route Mixture, and Life Ray. In 1913, Carreras acquired

3774-581: The package was used by the company no patent was issued for the design and therefore no residuals paid for its design and use. Today most brands of cigarettes can be purchased in these 20 Flip Top packages. Apothecaries Apothecary ( / ə ˈ p ɒ θ ə k ər i / ) is an archaic English term for a medical professional who formulates and dispenses materia medica (medicine) to physicians , surgeons and patients. The modern terms 'pharmacist' and 'chemist' (British English) have taken over this role. In some languages and regions, "apothecary"

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3848-481: The passers-by, the shop began to be known as the “black cat shop”. Don José decided to adopt the cat as part of the company's image and in 1886 it became the first trademark to be registered by Carreras. Eventually, the cat became an integral part of the design of the Black Cat pack where it appeared in a white circle surrounded by a black border above the initials “JJC” (Don José Joaquin Carreras). The Black Cat cigarette

3922-415: The past such as urine, fecal matter, earwax, human fat, and saliva, are no longer used and are generally considered ineffective or unsanitary. Trial and error were the main source for finding successful remedies, as little was known about the chemistry of why certain treatments worked. For instance, it was known that drinking coffee could help cure headaches, but the existence and properties of caffeine itself

3996-399: The promotion of Carreras’ pipe tobacco and cigarette brands. In 1909, the company introduced the Baron automatic pipe filler in cartridges, which revolutionised pipe smoking and sold by the millions. In 1907 Carreras introduced an early version of the football pools . Coupons listing forthcoming matches were available from tobacconists and prizes were given for both the best forecast and to

4070-412: The rumored detrimental health effects of consuming antioxidant drinks, and the original formula returned. As with the regular variety, it was reformulated as Diet Cherry 7 Up Antioxidant in 2009 before reverting to the original formula in 2013. It was rebranded as Cherry 7 Up Zero Sugar in late 2020. In Norway, it contained a combination of artificial sugars, and for eight years was the only variety on

4144-520: The same film. He often was dressed in human clothes. Freddie also appeared in the 1957 Zorro TV series' commercial intermissions. In these commercials, Freddie fought with Pete the Cat . Freddie, who was featured in a small amount of merchandising, was voiced by Paul Frees . In the late 1960s and 1980s, Geoffrey Holder appeared in television ads as part of 7 Up's "Uncola" ad campaign, designed to highlight differences between 7 Up and other soft drinks on

4218-414: The same time, the competition was moving in on the coupon business but Carreras stayed remained popular with their coupon brand Black Cat. Black Cat is now a cigarette brand sold around the world named after a real black domestic cat. The cat spent hours curled up asleep in the window of Don José’s Wardour Street shop, well before the turn of the 20th century. Because the cat became such a familiar sight to

4292-1108: The term is current and used to designate a pharmacist/chemist, such as Dutch and German Apotheker , Hungarian patikus , Irish poitigéir , Latvian aptiekārs and Luxembourgish Apdikter . Likewise, "pharmacy" translates as apotek in Danish , Norwegian and Swedish , apteekki in Finnish , apoteka in Bosnian , patika in Hungarian, aptieka in Latvian , апотека ( apoteka ) in Serbian , аптека ( apteka ) in Russian , Bulgarian , Macedonian and Ukrainian , Apotheke in German and apteka in Polish . The word in Indonesian

4366-920: The trade themselves. Women were still not allowed to train and be educated in universities so this allowed them a chance to be trained in medical knowledge and healing. Previously, women had some influence in other women's healthcare, such as serving as midwives and other feminine care in a setting that was not considered appropriate for males. Though physicians gave medical advice, they did not make medicine, so they typically sent their patients to particular independent apothecaries, who did also provide some medical advice, in particular remedies and healing. Many recipes for medicines included herbs, minerals, and pieces of animals (meats, fats, skins) that were ingested, made into paste for external use, or used as aromatherapy. Some of these are similar to natural remedies used today, including catnip , chamomile , fennel , mint , garlic , and witch hazel . Many other ingredients used in

4440-658: Was a valued customer during the 1890s. When he wrote My Lady Nicotine which was published in 1890, he referred to tobacco called Arcadia Mixture. Soon, before Carreras realised that Barrie's sole supply of tobacco was the Craven Mixture he sold at Wardour Street, and in January 1897 Barrie confirmed to Don Jose that Arcadia Mixture and Craven Mixture were one and the same. Shortly afterward, Carreras began using Barrie's endorsement in his advertising, and Craven Mixture benefited as sales at home and abroad increased rapidly. Soon after

4514-741: Was also part of the Group. The Baron family, which had held a controlling interest in Carreras since the early 1900s, decided to sell their shares in 1958 but, before doing so, were responsible for two major projects of the Company. It was decided to transfer the manufacturing plant to the new town of Basildon in Essex as the Arcadia Works in Mornington Crescent had become uneconomic and mass production techniques were being carried out on different floor levels. With

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4588-436: Was announced that 7 Up would stop being marketed as "100% natural". Instead, it is now promoted as having "100% Natural Flavors". The controversy does not extend to other countries, such as the United Kingdom, where HFCS is not generally used in foods, including 7 Up. In 2011, 7 Up began test marketing a formula, called 7 Up Retro, using sugar rather than HFCS. Container labels sport the caption "Made With Real Sugar". Diet 7 Up

4662-415: Was beginning in the 1950s. Both Rothmans and Carreras had pioneered filtered brands. The second was Carreras’ decision to move manufacturing to the large, modern factory in Basildon which could provide much-needed production capacity for Rothmans with its expanding international trade. A manufacturing agreement was entered into and by 1961 the business had expanded to the point where Carreras had acquired

4736-507: Was created by Charles Leiper Grigg , who launched his St. Louis –based company The Howdy Corporation in 1920. Grigg came up with the formula for a lemon-lime soft drink in 1929. The product, originally named "Bib-Label Lithiated Lemon-Lime Soda", was launched two weeks before the Wall Street Crash of 1929 . It contained lithium citrate , a mood-stabilizing drug, until 1948. It was one of a number of patent medicine products popular in

4810-699: Was established. Called Carreras and Marcianus Ltd and operating from St James's Place, Aldgate EC3, the former Baron Machine Company works, the company’s purpose was to commence production of machine-made cigarettes. During the last six months of 1904 three brands made their debut, including Black Cat, the first cigarette in the United Kingdom to contain coupons that were redeemable for gifts. In 1905 yet more brands were introduced such as Chick, Jetty, and Sweet Kiss and Carreras began coupon trading in Black Cat. The business prospered and in 1906 additional premises were opened nearby, introducing new brands such as Carreras Ovals and Seven Up . Baron chose many novel schemes for

4884-404: Was introduced in 1904 as one of the first machine-made cigarettes manufactured in Britain. The cat was used in some of the earliest cigarette promotions, including the Black Cat stamp album which was issued free to smokers. Stamps were available inside the cigarette packs and £325 in prizes was offered for the most completed albums. The first item to be given away inside Black Cat cigarette packets

4958-419: Was keen to make cigarettes a paying venture. Having been unable to sell his machines to the newly formed Imperial Tobacco Company, which had a monopoly on the Bonsack machines, Yapp was able to negotiate a business arrangement with Baron in 1903. On 6 June 1903, Carreras became a public company with Yapp and Baron as directors and, under the leadership of Bernhard Baron, heralded the beginnings of competition for

5032-403: Was later reformulated and advertised as being sweetened with sucralose and Acesulfame Potassium replacing Aspartame . The recipe later reverted to using Aspartame. The beverage was rebranded as 7 Up Zero Sugar in late 2020. It was renamed and reformulated as Cherry 7 Up Antioxidant in January 2009; however, the soda's antioxidant line was pulled from shelves in 2012 amid a controversy about

5106-507: Was still a mystery. Seven Up 7 Up (stylized as 7up outside the United States) or Seven Up is an American brand of lemon-lime–flavored non- caffeinated soft drink . The brand and formula are owned by Keurig Dr Pepper , although the beverage is internationally distributed by PepsiCo except the UK where it is distributed by Britvic , PepsiCo's designated UK distributor. 7 Up

5180-658: Was the Black Cat Library of Short Stories which appeared in 1909. This was a series of forty adventure stories with titles ranging from “A Fight with the Spaniards”, to “The Gunpowder Plot”, “Who Was the Man in the Iron Mask?” and “The Revenge”. In 1910 Black Cat began full-scale coupon trading, offering gifts such as pipe fillers and other smokers' requisites. One of the most ambitious promotions took place on 18 October 1913 - designated by

5254-499: Was the third Earl of Craven . Some of Don José's tobacco brands became world-famous, including Guards' Mixture and Hankey's Mixture. Over one thousand brands of cigar could be bought from Carreras, together with snuffs, cigarettes, pipes and other requisites of the trade. In 1860 Carreras became the founder committee member of the Tobacco Trade Benevolent Association, and soon opened another shop, this time in

5328-406: Was used as a mascot in international areas from the late 1980s through the early 1990s, and was reintroduced in international markets in the early 2000s. Since PepsiCo did not own the rights to 7 Up in the US, certain ads featuring Fido Dido were instead reworked to advertise the company's Slice brand of lemon-lime soda. In the early 2000s, Orlando Jones served as the spokesperson for 7 Up in

5402-426: Was visited by royalty from many lands and as early as 1866 he received Royal Warrants from the Prince of Wales and the Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha . Shortly after in 1874, Carreras received a Warrant from King Alfonso XII of Spain . The hand-written sales ledgers of this period show accounts held by nobility, statesmen, men of letters, and high-ranking service officers. J. M. Barrie , the famous novelist and author

5476-543: Was withdrawn again in 1959. It made another appearance on the UK market in 1976, this time as a filter cigarette, but finally disappeared in November 1993. The trademark continues in the ownership of the British American Tobacco Group of companies. In 1931, coupons were introduced to small cigarettes and sold under the brand name Clubs. This was a departure from the usual range of gifts, offering in their place

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