46-574: Carlow Courthouse is a judicial facility in Dublin Road, Carlow , County Carlow , Ireland. The courthouse, which was designed by William Vitruvius Morrison in the neoclassical style and built in ashlar stone, was completed in 1834. The design involved a symmetrical main frontage facing the corner of Athy Road and Old Dublin Road; there was a flight of steps leading up to a large octastyle portico with Ionic order columns supporting an entablature and
92-580: A monastery at Bangor , County Down on the southern shore of Belfast Lough , directly opposite Carrickfergus . According to the Irish annals, Bangor was founded no later than 552, though James Ussher and most of the later writers on the subject assign the foundation to the year 555. Webb places it at 559. He is said to have governed in Bangor and other houses over four thousand monks; all which religious men were employed in tillage or other manual labour. Life in
138-696: A pediment : it was modelled on the Temple on the Ilissus in Athens . A Russian artillery piece , which had been used in the Crimean War , was brought back to Ireland and placed on the steps of the building in 1858. The building was originally used as a facility for dispensing justice but, following the implementation of the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 , which established county councils in every county, it also became
184-470: A Rule of Saint Comgall in Irish, but the evidence would not warrant us in saying that as it stands at present it could be attributed to him. The fact, however, that Columbanus, a disciple of Comgall and himself a monk of Bangor, drew up for his Continental monasteries a Regula Monachorum would lead us to believe that there had been a similar organisation in Bangor in his time. This, however, is not conclusive, since Columbanus might have derived inspiration from
230-746: A heritage centre. In 1703, the Irish House of Commons appointed a committee to bring in a bill to make the River Barrow navigable; by 1800 the River Barrow Track was completed between St. Mullin's and Athy , establishing a link to the Grand Canal which runs between Dublin and the Shannon. By 1845 88,000 tons of goods were being transported on the River Barrow Navigation. Carlow was also one of
276-489: A lack of temperature extremes. Met Éireann records climate data for Carlow from their station at Oak Park , situated at 61 m (200 ft) above sea level. The coldest month is February, with an average minimum temperature of 2.1 °C (36 °F), and the hottest month is July, with an average maximum temperature of 21.3 °C (70 °F). The driest months are April and May, with 45 mm (2 in) and 50 mm (2 in) of rain respectively. The wettest month
322-498: A large factory producing mostly hairdryers and electric toothbrushes; however, this closed in 2010. Burnside is also a large employer in the area; it produces hydraulic cylinders . The South East Technological University is also a significant employer in the town. Since opening its doors in October 2003 Fairgreen Shopping Centre has also played a large part in employment in the area; Tesco, Heatons , Next , New Look and River Island are
368-552: A period of intense suffering, Comgall received the Eucharist from Saint Fiacre and died in the monastery at Bangor. The year of his death was either 602, according to Annals of Tigernach and Chronicon Scotorum , or 597, according to Annals of Inisfallen . His relics, which were kept at Bangor, were scattered during Viking raids in 822. Comgall belonged to what is known as the Second Order of Irish Saints. These flourished in
414-504: A while in Ulster on an island on Lough Erne , accompanied by a few friends who followed a severe form of monastic life. The regime was so austere that seven companions died of cold and hunger. Initially intending to go to Britain , Comgall was dissuaded by Lugidius , the bishop who ordained him, at whose advice he remained in Ireland to spread the monastic life throughout the country. He founded
460-493: Is November, with 98 mm (4 in) of rain on average. Humidity is high year-round and rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year. Carlow is twinned with the following places: Comgall Saint Comgall (c. 510–520 – 597/602), an early Irish saint, was the founder and abbot of the great Irish monastery at Bangor in Ireland. Comgall was born sometime between 510 and 520 in Dál nAraidi , Ulster according to
506-554: Is a local association football club. Carlow also has boxing clubs, an athletics club (St Laurence O'Toole Athletics Club), a karate club, a golf club, a rowing club, a tennis club, a hockey club and the Carlow Jaguar Scooter Club. Founded in 1979, the latter is one of the longest-running scooter clubs in Ireland or England. Carlow is in a maritime temperate oceanic region according to Köppen climate classification . It experiences cool winters, mild humid summers, and
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#1733086076510552-593: Is also an intensive Irish-language summer course for students from English-speaking schools. It has been claimed by Bride de Roiste of Glór Cheatharlach that there is more Irish spoken in Carlow than in certain Gaeltacht districts. The Nationalist is a newspaper which was established in 1883. The Carlow People is a free weekly newspaper One of Carlow's most notable landmarks is the Brownshill Dolmen , situated on
598-518: Is located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) north of Carlow. Carlow Town Hall was completed in March 1886. Carlow industry has come a long way since the early 20th century when the town became the centre of Ireland's slow process of industrialisation with the creation of the Irish Sugar Company . Then at the cutting edge of industry in Ireland, the sugar factory opened in 1926 as a private enterprise and
644-611: Is recalled in the famous Irish folk song , Follow Me Up to Carlow , written in the 19th century about the Battle of Glenmalure , part of the Desmond Rebellions of the late 16th century. In 1650, during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland , Carlow was besieged and taken by English Parliamentarian forces, hastening the end of the Siege of Waterford and the capitulation of that city. During
690-489: Is seemingly no evidence to suggest that these lakes ever existed in this area. Evidence shows that human occupation in the Carlow county area extends back thousands of years. The most notable and dramatic prehistoric site is the Browneshill Dolmen – a megalithic portal tomb just outside Carlow town. Now part of the diocese of Kildare and Leighlin , several Early Christian settlements are still in evidence today around
736-502: Is the county town of County Carlow , in the south-east of Ireland , 84 km (52 mi) from Dublin . At the 2022 census , it had a population of 27,351, the twelfth-largest urban center in Ireland . The River Barrow flows through the town and forms the historic boundary between counties Laois and Carlow. However, the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 included the town entirely in County Carlow. The settlement of Carlow
782-460: Is thousands of years old and pre-dates written Irish history. The town has played a major role in Irish history, serving as the capital of the country in the 14th century. The name is an anglicisation of the Irish Ceatharlach . Historically, it was anglicised as Caherlagh , Caterlagh and Catherlagh , which are closer to the Irish spelling. According to logainm.ie , the first part of
828-483: The 1798 rebellion Carlow was the scene of a massacre of 600 rebels and civilians following an unsuccessful attack on the town by the United Irishmen , known as the Battle of Carlow . The Liberty Tree sculpture in Carlow, designed by John Behan , commemorates the events of 1798. The rebels slain in Carlow town are buried in the 'Croppies Grave' , in '98 Street, Graiguecullen . Until the early-19th century, Irish
874-587: The Hacketstown Road ( R726 ) approximately 5 km from Carlow town centre. The capstone of this dolmen is reputed to be the largest in Europe. Milford is a green area on the River Barrow approximtely 5 miles outside of Carlow town. It is notable as its home to Milford Mill, which was the first inland hydro-electrical plant in Ireland. It began supplying Carlow town with power in 1891. The estate at Oak Park
920-493: The River Barrow , Graiguecullen Bridge, is agreed to date to 1569. The original structure was largely replaced and widened in 1815 when it was named Wellington Bridge in celebration of the defeat of Napoleon's army by the Duke of Wellington at the Battle of Waterloo in June of that year. The bridge was built across a small island in the river and a 19th-century house was constructed on
966-436: The (now extinct) traditional dialects of Kilkenny and South Laois. Efforts are now being made to increase the use of Irish in Carlow under the aegis of the organisation Glór Cheatharlach . Carlow has two schools which teach through Irish: a Gaelscoil (primary) founded in 1982 and a Gaelcholáiste (secondary) founded in 1990. Both schools are at full capacity and supplemented by an Irish-speaking pre-school or Naíonra . There
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#17330860765101012-670: The Benedictine Rule then widely spread over the Iberian Peninsula . St. Comgall is mentioned in the "Life of Columbanus" by Jonas, as the superior of Bangor, under whom St. Columbanus had studied. He is also mentioned under 10 May, his feast-day in the "Felire" of Óengus of Tallaght published by Whitley Stokes for the Henry Bradshaw Society (2nd ed.), and his name is commemorated in the Stowe Missal (MacCarthy), and in
1058-481: The Irish annals near the place now known as Magheramorne in present-day County Antrim . Comgall's father was Setna, a Pictish warrior; his mother's name was Briga. After serving as a soldier in his early life, he was educated under Fintan of Clonenagh and also studied under Finnian of Movilla , Mobhí Clárainech at Glasnevin, and Ciarán of Clonmacnoise . He was ordained deacon and priest by Bishop Lugidius, either at Clonmacnoise or Connor. He lived for
1104-676: The Irish Church during the sixth century. They were for the most part educated in Britain, or received their training from those who had grown up under the influence of the British Schools. They were the founders of the great Irish monastic schools, and contributed much to the spread of monasticism in the Irish Church . The Antiphonary of Bangor of the seventh century claimed that Comgall was 'strict, holy and constant'; and there has come down to us
1150-451: The area and encouraged many school leavers to remain in the town. Carlow railway station opened on 4 August 1846 and was closed for goods traffic on 9 June 1976 , it remains open for public travel. Carlow has a town bus service operated by Bus Éireann , consisting of two routes, the CW1 and CW2. Secondary schools serving the area include Gaelcholáiste Cheatharlach, Tyndall College (including
1196-720: The bridge – this was for a time occupied by the Poor Clares , an enclosed religious order who still have a convent in Graiguecullen . Another convent belonging to the Presentation Order of nuns now houses the County Library and the Carlow County Museum . The cathedral, designed by Thomas Cobden , was the first Catholic cathedral to be built in Ireland after Catholic Emancipation in 1829. Its construction cost £9,000 and
1242-482: The county. St Mullin's monastery is believed to have been established around the 7th century, the ruins of which are still in evidence today. Old Leighlin was the site of one of the largest monastic settlements in Ireland and the location for a church synod in 630 AD which determined the date of Easter. St Comhgall built a monastery in the Carlow area in the 6th century, an old church building and burial ground survive today at Castle Hill known as Mary's Abbey. Carlow
1288-415: The earliest towns to be connected by train. The Great Southern and Western Railway had opened its mainline as far as Carlow in 1846, and this was extended further to Cork in 1849. The chief engineer, William Dargan , originally hailed from Killeshin , just outside Carlow. At the peak of rail transport in Ireland, Carlow county was also served by a line to Tullow . Public supply of electricity in Carlow
1334-400: The first syllable of a word receives strong stress. Evidence from place names suggests that Old Irish cn- had become "cr-" in parts of Carlow, like all Gaelic speech outside of Munster and Ossory. An example from Carlow is "Crukeen" ( Cnoicín ). West Carlow seems to have pronounced "slender R" as "slender Z" (like the "s" in "treasure" or "pleasure") which is also a well-attested feature of
1380-409: The former Carlow Vocational School ), Tullow Community School, St. Mary's Academy CBS (Often regarded by locals as just CBS Carlow or The CBS), St Leo's College , and St Mary's Knockbeg College . There is also the post-leaving certificate Carlow Institute of Further Education. Within the general vicinity of the town also lies Presentation College (often shortened to Pres) but is often considered by
1426-596: The local populace as not part of Carlow Town. Third-level institutions include the South East Technological University, formerly the Institute of Technology, Carlow , and Carlow College . Carlow Cathedral, dedicated to Our Lady of Assumption, was started in 1828 and completed in 1833, in Gothic style. A sculpture by John Hogan is a memorial to the bishop and was finished in 1839. An unidentified baby
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1472-401: The main tenants. Nonetheless, the town shares problems associated with other provincial towns in Ireland – the inability to attract significant new industry. Pharmaceutical giant Merck & Co. employs more than 500 people at its manufacturing campus in Carlow and is expanding with a new facility focused on oncology biologics. The N9 road from Dublin to Waterford passed directly through
1518-545: The meeting place for Carlow County Council . The county council established their County Secretary's Office on the west side of Athy Road in the mid-20th century before moving further north along the road into modern premises which are now known as the County Buildings . The courthouse was refurbished in 2002 and continues to be used as a judicial facility. Carlow Carlow ( / ˈ k ɑːr l oʊ / KAR -loh ; Irish : Ceatharlach [ˈcahəɾˠl̪ˠəx] )
1564-470: The monasteries was severe. Food was scant and plain. Herbs, water, and bread was customary. Even milk was considered an indulgence. At Bangor only one meal was allowed, and that not until evening. Confession was in public before the community. Severe acts of penance were frequent. Silence was observed at meals and at other times also, conversation being restricted to the minimum. Fasting was frequent and prolonged. According to Adamnan's Life of Columba , there
1610-503: The name derives from the Old Irish word cethrae ("animals, cattle, herds, flocks"), which is related to ceathar ("four") and therefore signified "four-legged". The second part of the name is the ending -lach , that makes abstract collective nouns. Some believe that the name should be Ceatharloch (meaning "quadruple lake"), since ceathar means "four" and loch means "lake". It is directly translated as "Four lakes", although, there
1656-492: The town until May 2008 when a bypass, part of the M9 motorway , was opened, greatly reducing traffic through the town. The N80 National secondary road skirts the edge of the town. The town is also connected to the national rail network . These transport links have helped Carlow to become a successful satellite town of Dublin in recent years. The establishment of the Institute of Technology, Carlow , has also helped drive growth in
1702-422: Was a close connection between Comgall and Columba , though there does not appear to be sufficient authority for stating that Comgall was the disciple of Columba in any strict sense. Comgall was a friend to future saints Cormac, Brendan , and Canice . It is believed that among the monks trained by Comgall at Bangor, were Columbanus of Luxeuil-les-Bains (21 or 23 November) and Saint Moluag (25 June). After
1748-544: Was an Irish stronghold for agriculture in the early 1800s which earned the county the nickname of the scallion eaters. Famine later wiped out half of the population. Carlow Castle was constructed by William Marshal , Earl of Striguil and Lord of Leinster, c. 1207 – c. 1213 , to guard the vital river crossing. It was also to serve as the capital of the Lordship of Ireland from 1361 until 1374. This imposing structure survived largely intact until 1814 when it
1794-505: Was chosen, partly because the straightness of its roads would be a safety benefit. As a compliment to Ireland, the British team chose to race in Shamrock green which thus became known as British racing green . The route consisted of several laps of a circuit passed-through Kilcullen , Kildare , Monasterevin , Stradbally , Athy , Castledermot and Carlow. The 328 miles (528 km) race
1840-425: Was completed in 1833. Saint Patrick's College , located beside the cathedral, dates from 1793. The college was established in 1782 to teach the humanities to both lay students and those studying for the priesthood. The Carlow Courthouse was constructed in the 19th century. There are still many old estates and houses in the surrounding areas, among them Ducketts Grove and Dunleckney Manor. St Mullin's today houses
1886-419: Was eventually nationalised before reverting to private ownership . It closed on 11 March 2005 as the management of the parent company Greencore decided that it was no longer economical to run the factory nor was it viable to upgrade the facility. The country's last remaining sugar plant at Mallow, County Cork closed in 2006. One of the traditional, principal employers in Carlow was OralB Braun , which had
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1932-564: Was first provided from Milford Mills , approximately 8 km south of Carlow, in 1891. Milford Mills still generates electricity feeding into the national grid. Following independence in the early 1920s, the new government of the Irish Free State decided to establish a sugar-processing plant in Leinster . Carlow was chosen as the location due to its transport links and large agricultural hinterland, favourable for growing sugar beet . The town
1978-596: Was left here on 22 January 2010. On 2 July 1903, the Gordon Bennett Cup ran through Carlow. It was the first international motor race to be held in Great Britain or Ireland. The Automobile Club of Great Britain and Ireland wanted the race to be hosted in the British Isles, Ireland was suggested as the venue because racing was illegal on British public roads. After some lobbying and changes to local laws, Kildare
2024-548: Was mostly destroyed in an attempt to turn the building into a lunatic asylum. The present remains now are the West Wall with two of its cylindrical towers. Carlow was incorporated as a borough in 1296 by Edward I . The parliamentary borough returned two MPs to the Irish House of Commons until 1801 and its successor constituency returned one MP to the United Kingdom House of Commons from 1801 to 1885. The bridge over
2070-523: Was spoken in all twelve counties of the province of Leinster , of which County Carlow forms part. According to Celtic scholar Nicholas Williams, the Irish spoken in County Carlow seems to have belonged to a central dialect stretching from west Connacht eastwards to the Liffey estuary . It had characteristics which survive today only in Connacht Irish . It preserved the stress pattern of Old Irish in which
2116-472: Was won by the Belgian racer Camille Jenatzy , driving a Mercedes. The Carlow Racquetball club was set up in 1978. The club is one of only seven in the southeastern region and is the largest of these. GAA clubs in the area include Tinryland GAA Club, Éire Óg GAA Club, Asca GAA Club, Palatine GAA club, and O'Hanrahans GAA Club. County Carlow Football Club is the local rugby union club, while F.C. Carlow
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