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57-535: Calypso Cabaret ( Thai : คาลิปโซ่ คาบาเร่ต์ ) is a Thai transgender cabaret . It is performed at the open-air mall Asiatique in Bangkok . Calypso Cabaret was founded in 1988 in a renovated movie theater on Sukhumvit Road . It relocated to the Ambassador Hotel theater in 1992 and later to Asia Hotel on Phaya Thai Road . It moved in 2012 to its current location, Asiatique on Charoen Krung Road . The show's director

114-612: A dominant language in all aspects of society in Thailand, Thai initially saw gradual and later widespread adoption as a second language among the country's minority ethnic groups from the mid-late Ayutthaya period onward. Ethnic minorities today are predominantly bilingual, speaking Thai alongside their native language or dialect. Standard Thai is classified as one of the Chiang Saen languages—others being Northern Thai , Southern Thai and numerous smaller languages, which together with

171-531: A geisha wielding large fans, and an ostrich plume -adorned Carmen Miranda . Chicago songs " All That Jazz " and " Hot Honey Rag "; " I Who Have Nothing "; the Korean folk song " Arirang "; and the Wonder Girls song " Nobody " are also performed. One scene featured the men and women wearing white while performing a Busby Berkeley dance. An entertainer mimics Marilyn Monroe while wearing high-heeled shoes ,

228-452: A Calypso Cabaret performer, who said that viewers do not view the entertainers as women because the cabaret is billed as a "men dancing in women's clothes" spectacle. She criticized the marketing for overlooking their being skilled, disciplined entertainers through highlighting their gender variance . According to Vui, the marketing inaccurately portrays them to foreign viewers as "just a group of men who dress in women’s clothes and prance about

285-507: A blonde wig , and a dress with silver sequin decorations. Suit-wearing men with black masks put diamond necklaces and bracelets on her. Admiring the gleaming accessories, the Monroe impersonator enthusiastically does lip-synced renditions of the songs " Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend " and " Material Girl ". The scholar Reya Farber said the Monroe performance was "embodying glamorous consumption and an iteration of classic American femininity". At

342-533: A four-way distinction among stops and affricates . The maximal four-way occurred in labials ( /p pʰ b ʔb/ ) and denti-alveolars ( /t tʰ d ʔd/ ); the three-way distinction among velars ( /k kʰ ɡ/ ) and palatals ( /tɕ tɕʰ dʑ/ ), with the glottalized member of each set apparently missing. The major change between old and modern Thai was due to voicing distinction losses and the concomitant tone split . This may have happened between about 1300 and 1600 CE, possibly occurring at different times in different parts of

399-410: A project. Sales is a process and ideally a periodical activity. The three recruitment tasks used in sales management are job analysis; job description and job qualifications. Job analysis is performed to specify the certain tasks that a salesperson is responsible for on a daily basis. It should identify what activities are deemed as being vital to the success of the company. Any person associated with

456-525: A syllable that formerly began with a voiceless consonant (including glottalized stops). An additional complication is that formerly voiceless unaspirated stops/affricates (original /p t k tɕ ʔb ʔd/ ) also caused original tone 1 to lower, but had no such effect on original tones 2 or 3. The above consonant mergers and tone splits account for the complex relationship between spelling and sound in modern Thai. Modern "low"-class consonants were voiced in Old Thai, and

513-618: A theater that had a capacity of 350. Aiming to get audience members to buy drinks, the company gave complimentary tickets in the thousands to people staying in the hotels who were stuck because they could not fly. According to The Nation , the company has achieved "international fame stardom" through consistently being called a "must do experience" in travel blogs, periodicals, and travel guides . Transgender cabaret competitors in Bangkok include Mambo Cabaret and Playhouse Theater Cabaret. The Australian photographer Polixeni Papapetrou took photos of

570-490: Is Bangkok's earliest cabaret group. The show was directed by Hans Hoenicke, who was a guest star in the 1970s German television shows Klimbim    [ de ] and Die Gimmicks    [ de ] . When it opened, shows were first held in a renovated movie theater on Sukhumvit Road . By 1992, Calypso Cabaret relocated from Sukhumvit Road's Soi 24 to Soi 11, where it put on shows at an Ambassador Hotel theater that seated 200 people. It later moved to

627-406: Is German television actor Hans Hoenicke. According to The Nation , the company has achieved "international fame stardom" through consistently being called a "must do experience" in travel blogs, periodicals, and travel guides . Publications have called the show's entertainers " kathoey ", " ladyboy ", " transgender ", " transsexual ", and " transvestite " performers. With 16 acts during the show,

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684-425: Is associated with each sales job that is within a company. If an individual does not excel in their assigned territory, it could be due to external factors relating to that person's environment. A company should be careful not to submit to discrimination in regards to employment. A number of qualifications (ethnic background, age, etc.) can not be used in the selection process of hiring. The sales reporting includes

741-500: Is based on the register of the educated classes by Central Thai and ethnic minorities in the area along the ring surrounding the Metropolis . In addition to Central Thai, Thailand is home to other related Tai languages . Although most linguists classify these dialects as related but distinct languages, native speakers often identify them as regional variants or dialects of the "same" Thai language, or as "different kinds of Thai". As

798-553: Is based on the dialect of the central Thai people, and it is written in the Thai script . Hlai languages Kam-Sui languages Kra languages Be language Northern Tai languages Central Tai languages Khamti language Tai Lue language Shan language others Northern Thai language Thai language Southern Thai language Tai Yo language Phuthai language Lao language (PDR Lao, Isan language ) Thai has undergone various historical sound changes. Some of

855-414: Is performed at the 540-seat Calypso Bangkok Theatre, which is 1,425 square metres (15,340 sq ft). The theater has tables with room for five people as well one-person seating. The ticket comes with an included beverage. The establishment has a 1,096-square-metre (11,800 sq ft) restaurant that can seat 200 people and houses its own stage. At the end of the show, viewers can take pictures with

912-479: Is the language of television, education, news reporting, and all forms of media. A recent research found that the speakers of the Northern Thai language (also known as Phasa Mueang or Kham Mueang) have become so few, as most people in northern Thailand now invariably speak Standard Thai, so that they are now using mostly Central Thai words and only seasoning their speech with the "Kham Mueang" accent. Standard Thai

969-647: Is the typical title of someone whose role is sales management. The role typically involves talent development . Churchill mentioned that the antecedents of sales performance are based on the meta-analysis for the period 1918- 1982 (76 years of previous research work). He suggested five factors that influence a salesperson's job behaviour and performance along with different categories like skill level, role perceptions, motivation, aptitude, personal factors, and organizational factors with three moderators. Sales planning involves strategy, setting profit-based sales targets , quotas, sales forecasting , demand management and

1026-497: The Charleston dance. The Nation theater critic Pawit Mahasarinand praised the performers, writing "all the cast member[s] know how to act, showing the meanings of the lyrics of the songs they lip-synch through their facial expressions and physical movements". The author Wilfried Hahn said Calypso Cabaret had "opulent costuming and sophisticated staging and choreography", while Daily Mirror ' s Pippa Crerar wrote in that it

1083-537: The Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) was using transgender cabaret shows like Calypso Cabaret to change the image of tourist places seen as being seedy. TAT's website said that instead of pushing disreputable services, the cabarets provide funny entertainment. Farber found that Calypso Cabaret contributed to the positive perception through its promotional materials that say the performance is "is suitable to open-minded audiences of all ages and nationalities" and that

1140-583: The drag queens at Calypso Cabaret in 1991. During her Born This Way Ball concert tour in 2012, Lady Gaga watched Calypso Cabaret. At her concert after watching the drag show, she said she was awed by how the Bangkok performers were able to be open about their identities. Owing to the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand , there were border shutdowns and international flight discontinuations, which caused ticket sales for Calypso Cabaret to drop. The cabaret stopped doing performances on 14 October 2020, instead repurposing

1197-452: The key performance indicators of the sales force. The Key Performance Indicators indicate whether or not the sales process is being operated effectively and achieves the results as set forth in sales planning. It should enable the sales managers to take timely corrective action deviate from projected values. It also allows senior management to evaluate the sales manager. More "results related" than "process related" are information regarding

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1254-495: The sales funnel and the hit rate . Sales reporting can provide metrics for sales management compensation. Rewarding the best managers without accurate and reliable sales reports is not objective. Also, sales reports are made for internal use for top management. If other divisions’ compensation plan depends on final results, it is needed to present results of sales department's work to other departments. Finally, sales reports are required for investors, partners and government, so

1311-695: The Asia Hotel on Phaya Thai Road . According to Dirk Weeber-Arayatumsopon of Pattaya Blatt    [ de ] , the theater looked like a 1930s–1940s American club. The room had red walls and carpets and glittering disco balls . The author Carl Parkes called the venue an "uncomfortably small auditorium". Calypso Cabaret in September 2012 moved from Asia Hotel to the Calypso Bangkok Theatre in Asiatique 's Warehouse 3 on Charoen Krung Road . The show

1368-547: The Khmer system first before the Thai borrowed. Old Thai had a three-way tone distinction on "live syllables" (those not ending in a stop), with no possible distinction on "dead syllables" (those ending in a stop, i.e. either /p/, /t/, /k/ or the glottal stop that automatically closes syllables otherwise ending in a short vowel). There was a two-way voiced vs. voiceless distinction among all fricative and sonorant consonants, and up to

1425-658: The Northwestern Tai and Lao-Phutai languages, form the Southwestern branch of Tai languages . The Tai languages are a branch of the Kra–Dai language family , which encompasses a large number of indigenous languages spoken in an arc from Hainan and Guangxi south through Laos and Northern Vietnam to the Cambodian border. Standard Thai is the principal language of education and government and spoken throughout Thailand. The standard

1482-577: The Thai people's having substantial representation in the audience demonstrated that kathoeys were recognized by the Thais as entertainers. In a shift, the Bangkok Post reported in 2000 that not as many Thai people watched the show as foreign visitors. The Nation ' s Pawit Mahasarinand in 2015 called Calypso Cabaret a show for non-Thai tourists that was inapplicable to Thai viewers. Mahasarinand said audience members are incorrectly influenced into thinking

1539-484: The Thai-speaking area. All voiced–voiceless pairs of consonants lost the voicing distinction: However, in the process of these mergers, the former distinction of voice was transferred into a new set of tonal distinctions. In essence, every tone in Old Thai split into two new tones, with a lower-pitched tone corresponding to a syllable that formerly began with a voiced consonant, and a higher-pitched tone corresponding to

1596-499: The beginning of a scene featuring the George Gershwin and Ira Gershwin song " They Can't Take That Away from Me ", the transgender headliner is adorned in a bra, hose , and panties . Her ensemble consists of men who are wearing sunglasses , caps , and black military jackets. After the headliner swaps out her attire for a red military clothing and heels, the men swap out their attire for black-colored panties and bras. They all do

1653-693: The cast for an additional charge. Produced by Antony Thomas , the 2005 ITV documentary Middlesex begins with a profile of the show. A voice-over says, "At the Club Calypso the most fundamental distinction – man/ woman, falls away". During the 2008 Thai political crisis , protesters took over the Suvarnabhumi Airport for eight days, which severely impacted the tourism industry. According to Nipon Boonmasuwaran, who did sales management and marketing management for Calypso Cabaret, ticket sales had dropped by 90%, leading to fewer than 50 guests occupying

1710-499: The country. It is the sole official language of Thailand . Thai is the most spoken of over 60 languages of Thailand by both number of native and overall speakers. Over half of its vocabulary is derived from or borrowed from Pali , Sanskrit , Mon and Old Khmer . It is a tonal and analytic language . Thai has a complex orthography and system of relational markers . Spoken Thai, depending on standard sociolinguistic factors such as age, gender, class, spatial proximity, and

1767-528: The entertainers "highly valued class, style and taste" and "rigorously trained and educated". The Rutgers University scholar Jillana Beth Enteen considered Calypso Cabaret to be a family-friendly show owing to its talented entertainers and expertly designed outfits. The National University of Singapore scholar Qian Hui Tan said that Calypso Cabaret's kathoey performers have felt that their bodies are debased to being "oddities on display", while their dancing has been debased to being "freak shows". Tan cited Pui,

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1824-472: The entertainers did not sufficiently "shave, pluck or wax". Chance said that although the show had "the most spectacularly bad dancing" she had ever viewed, she found that "the sheer scale of the event was commendable" and enjoyed "the spirit of fun and celebration of the whole evening". She praised the numerous costume switches in the big cast and the stage crew 's "excellent lighting" and good music timing. The National Geographic Society 's Phil MacDonald said

1881-450: The execution of a sales plan. A sales plan is a strategic document that outlines the business targets, resources and sales activities. It typically follows the lead of the marketing plan , strategic planning and the business plan with more specific detail on how the objectives can be achieved through the actual sale of products and services. Sales is a recurring and periodical process (maybe 'daily'), hence, this can not be called as

1938-467: The local patois as pronounced in Guangdong Ayutthaya , the old capital of Thailand from 1351 - 1767 A.D., was from the beginning a bilingual society, speaking Thai and Khmer . Bilingualism must have been strengthened and maintained for some time by the great number of Khmer-speaking captives the Thais took from Angkor Thom after their victories in 1369, 1388 and 1431. Gradually toward the end of

1995-531: The location for putting on events. After shows had been paused for two years, Calypso Cabaret resumed their shows in December 2022. Calypso Cabaret features 16 acts. The show features songs from a diversity of genres. It has classical music , oldies , avant-garde music , rhythm and blues , and Thai ballads . The show features China's, Japan's, Korea's, and Thailand's classical music and attire. Go-go bars , well-known movies, songs, and ethnic stereotypes influence

2052-547: The most significant changes occurred during the evolution from Old Thai to modern Thai. The Thai writing system has an eight-century history and many of these changes, especially in consonants and tones, are evidenced in the modern orthography . According to a Chinese source, during the Ming dynasty , Yingya Shenglan (1405–1433), Ma Huan reported on the language of the Xiānluó (暹羅) or Ayutthaya Kingdom, saying that it somewhat resembled

2109-459: The next, and that, coupled with quick scene changes and practical props, keeps the whole 75-minute show moving along at a fine pace." He said that although Calypso Bangkok caters to foreigners, Thai people are also able to feel enthralled and honored by it. In a positive review, a Taiwanese guide book about Bangkok said, "The dancers used their beautiful bodies to transcend gender and played each role vividly, which made people cheer loudly." Calling

2166-415: The period, a language shift took place. Khmer fell out of use. Both Thai and Khmer descendants whose great-grand parents or earlier ancestors were bilingual came to use only Thai. In the process of language shift, an abundance of Khmer elements were transferred into Thai and permeated all aspects of the language. Consequently, the Thai of the late Ayutthaya Period which later became Ratanakosin or Bangkok Thai,

2223-416: The place". Vui further lamented that the foreign viewers have a preconceived notion that as not being "real" women, the kathoey performers will have blemishes. The viewers try to find performers who still have male traits. She said, "Some members of the audience are so taken back, they look as if they have seen a ghost. I don't know whether it is because they didn't expect us to look this bad or this good." Tan,

2280-484: The royal vocabulary according to their immediate environment. Thai and Pali, the latter from Theravada Buddhism, were added to the vocabulary. An investigation of the Ayutthaya Rajasap reveals that three languages, Thai, Khmer and Khmero-Indic were at work closely both in formulaic expressions and in normal discourse. In fact, Khmero-Indic may be classified in the same category as Khmer because Indic had been adapted to

2337-506: The sales organization or the human resources department could carry out the analysis, or it could be done by an outside specialist (Spiro, pp. 134–137). The person that is responsible for completing a job analysis should have an in-depth comprehension of the daily activities of the salespeople. This job analysis is then written in an explicit manner as a job description. The general information consists of: An effective job description will identify compensation plans, size of workload, and

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2394-413: The salespeople's duties. It is also primarily responsible for hiring tools such as application forms and psychological tests. The most difficult part of this process is the determination of job qualifications. A reason for this difficulty is because hiring affects a company's competitive advantage in the market as well as the amount of revenue. Additionally, there should be a set of hiring attributes that

2451-485: The scholar, stated that kathoeys may be pioneering activism for "erotic justice" and gender equality , citing Vui who said, "every performance in Calypso is like a battle to gain respect for our third gender". Of Calypso Cabaret's audience in 1992, Bangkok residents in the upper middle class and middle class made up over half and farang holidaymakers made up a substantial portion. The academic Jillana Beth Enteen found that

2508-475: The show "terrific entertainment", the Orlando Sentinel ' s Marjorie Pravden said Calypso Cabaret was "alternately funny, sensitive and outrageous" and "challenges one's own perspective on gender identification". The Bangkok Post ' s Mick Shippen called the show "a fabulously camp show". In a mixed review, Business Day theater critic Katy Chance criticized the "poor personal grooming" in which

2565-616: The show exemplifies modern Thai theater. In the late 2000s, European customers, particularly the Dutch and the Belgians, made up a significant portion of their customer base. Asian customers including from South Korea, Japan, and Singapore, also comprised a substantial part of the audience. The Stars and Stripes ' called Calypso Cabaret "the family-friendly Disney World of drag shows". The Thai fashion model Mimi Tao performed at Calypso Cabaret for several months and resigned after determining she

2622-556: The show is eminently soft and good-natured and the candor competes with naivety as they say in three-baht novels. That said, it's quite funny." Thai language Thai , or Central Thai (historically Siamese ; Thai: ภาษาไทย ), is a Tai language of the Kra–Dai language family spoken by the Central Thai , Mon , Lao Wiang , Phuan people in Central Thailand and the vast majority of Thai Chinese enclaves throughout

2679-482: The show was "wildly spectacular", while The Thaiger ' s Alessio Francesco Fedeli called it "a very vibrant and entertaining drag show". The author Charles Agar found the show to be "more creative than the standard drag parades at cabarets in Phuket or Pattaya". In a positive review, a Hachette Livre guidebook said, "The beautiful costumes are not by Donald Cadwell but they could have been. Libertine friend, be careful,

2736-456: The show's numerous brief skits. Performers dance to a Chinese ballad containing heartrending scenes and a surprise ending . They put on the 20th-century Chinese song " Ye Shanghai "  [ zh ] , which a Posts & Telecommunications Press  [ zh ] book called "full of charm". Another scene features the performers in traditional Korean attire, waving fans and doing Korean dances. Other songs feature Romani men with guitars,

2793-535: The terminology "low" reflects the lower tone variants that resulted. Modern "mid"-class consonants were voiceless unaspirated stops or affricates in Old Thai—precisely the class that triggered lowering in original tone 1 but not tones 2 or 3. Modern "high"-class consonants were the remaining voiceless consonants in Old Thai (voiceless fricatives, voiceless sonorants, voiceless aspirated stops). The three most common tone "marks" (the lack of any tone mark, as well as

2850-409: The three tones of Old Thai were split have since merged into five in standard Thai, with the lower variant of former tone 2 merging with the higher variant of former tone 3, becoming the modern "falling" tone. หม ม หน น, ณ หญ ญ หง ง ป ผ พ, ภ บ ฏ, ต ฐ, ถ ท, ธ ฎ, ด จ ฉ ช Sales management Sales manager

2907-472: The transgender performers lip sync and dance to songs. Calypso Cabaret features songs from a variety of genres including classical music , oldies , avant-garde music , rhythm and blues , and Thai ballads . There are Carmen Miranda and Marilyn Monroe impersonators. There is classical music from China, Japan, Korea, and Thailand. Calypso Cabaret is billed as a family-friendly show with skilled performers who provide funny entertainment. The show's audience

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2964-423: The two marks termed mai ek and mai tho ) represent the three tones of Old Thai, and the complex relationship between tone mark and actual tone is due to the various tonal changes since then. Since the tone split, the tones have changed in actual representation to the point that the former relationship between lower and higher tonal variants has been completely obscured. Furthermore, the six tones that resulted after

3021-508: The urban/rural divide, is partly mutually intelligible with Lao , Isan , and some fellow Thai topolects . These languages are written with slightly different scripts, but are linguistically similar and effectively form a dialect continuum . Thai language is spoken by over 69 million people (2020). Moreover, most Thais in the northern (Lanna) and the northeastern (Isan) parts of the country today are bilingual speakers of Central Thai and their respective regional dialects because Central Thai

3078-518: Was "surprisingly family friendly, with catchy (though mimed, sadly) show tunes, energetic dancing and flamboyant costumes". Marjorie Pravden of the Orlando Sentinel lauded the show for having "vaudevillelike acts with ribald humor, high-kicking chorus lines". Pattaya Blatt    [ de ] 's Dirk Weeber-Arayatumsopon said Calypso Cabaret distinguished itself from other cabarets through its "cheeky, frivolous presentation". College of William & Mary sociology professor Reya Farber said

3135-449: Was a thorough mixture of Thai and Khmer. There were more Khmer words in use than Tai cognates. Khmer grammatical rules were used actively to coin new disyllabic and polysyllabic words and phrases. Khmer expressions, sayings, and proverbs were expressed in Thai through transference. Thais borrowed both the Royal vocabulary and rules to enlarge the vocabulary from Khmer. The Thais later developed

3192-401: Was largely Bangkok residents in the upper middle class and middle class with farang holidaymakers making up a substantial portion. By 2000, foreign visitors had eclipsed Thai people, who no longer visited as much. The show received largely positive reviews. Commentators praised the ravishing costumes, the spirited dancing, and the excellent acting. Calypso Cabaret was established in 1988 and

3249-427: Was not interested in the role. Angele Anang , the winner of Drag Race Thailand ' s season 2 , got her start in the entertainment industry as a Calypso Cabaret dancer. The Nation theater critic Pawit Mahasarinand praised the show, writing, "Most scenes have fun twists here and there that are either cheekily surprising or hilariously grotesque. There's also a nice contrast in moods and tones from one scene to

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