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51-1283: Calvet is a Catalan surname. Notable people with the surname include: People [ edit ] Corinne Calvet (1925–2001), French actress Damià Calvet (born 1968), Catalan politician Esprit Calvet (1728–1810), French physician and collector Francisco Calvet (1921–2001), Catalan football player François Calvet (born 1953), French politician from Catalonia Gérard Calvet (1927–2008), French abbot Jean Marc Calvet (born 1965), French artist Joseph Calvet (1897–1984), French classical violinist Laurent-Emmanuel Calvet (born 1969), French economist Michel-Marie-Bernard Calvet (born 1944), New Caledonian archbishop Nuria Calvet (born 1950), Venezuelan astronomer Pierre du Calvet (1735–1786), Canadian businessman Pol Calvet (born 1994), Catalan football player Raphaël Calvet (born 1994), French football player Raul Donazar Calvet (1938–2008), Brazilian football player Other uses [ edit ] Casa Calvet , Barcelona, Spain Fondation Calvet , French art foundation See also [ edit ] Calvert (name) [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with

102-616: A French temptress, she told an interviewer "If I had come to Hollywood as a dramatic actress, I never would have been Corinne Calvet, and you never would have been sitting here talking to me." Calvet was married three times. Her first marriage was to actor John Bromfield (1948 – March 17, 1954), who co-starred with her in Rope of Sand and who she claimed had been ordered to marry her by his studio. She then married actor Jeffrey Stone (1955–1960) and producer Robert J. Wirt (1968 – October 1971). All three marriages ended in divorce. She had

153-709: A Roscoe by the Harvard Lampoon for giving one of the worst film performances of 1951. Wallis co starred her with Joseph Cotten in Peking Express (1951) and Martin and Lewis in Sailor Beware (1952). John Ford re-teamed her with Dailey in What Price Glory (1952). Calvet began appearing on television shows like Lux Video Theatre . She made a television appearance on The Colgate Comedy Hour with Donald O'Connor on February 3, 1952. She also appeared on

204-1054: A criminal venture or involvement in criminality that does not actually come to fruition. Some examples are aiding, abetting, conspiracy , and attempt. However, in Scotland, the English concept of Aiding and Abetting is known as Art and Part Liability . See Glanville Williams, Textbook of Criminal Law, (London: Stevens & Sons, 1983); Glanville Williams, Criminal Law the General Part (London: Stevens & Sons, 1961). While crimes are typically broken into degrees or classes to punish appropriately, all offenses can be divided into 'mala in se' and 'mala prohibita' laws. Both are Latin legal terms, mala in se meaning crimes that are thought to be inherently evil or morally wrong, and thus will be widely regarded as crimes regardless of jurisdiction. Mala in se offenses are felonies, property crimes, immoral acts and corrupt acts by public officials. Mala prohibita , on

255-531: A danger (though he did not) is tantamount to erasing intent as a requirement. In this way, the importance of mens rea has been reduced in some areas of the criminal law but is obviously still an important part in the criminal system. Wrongfulness of intent also may vary the seriousness of an offense and possibly reduce the punishment but this is not always the case. A killing committed with specific intent to kill or with conscious recognition that death or serious bodily harm will result, would be murder, whereas

306-439: A dangerous situation. On the other hand, it was held in the U.K. that switching off the life support of someone in a persistent vegetative state is an omission to act and not criminal. Since discontinuation of power is not a voluntary act, not grossly negligent, and is in the patient's best interests, no crime takes place. In this case it was held that since a PVS patient could not give or withhold consent to medical treatment, it

357-484: A day to life. Government supervision may be imposed, including house arrest , and convicts may be required to conform to particularized guidelines as part of a parole or probation regimen. Fines also may be imposed, seizing money or property from a person convicted of a crime. Five objectives are widely accepted for enforcement of the criminal law by punishments : retribution , deterrence , incapacitation , rehabilitation and restoration . Jurisdictions differ on

408-539: A defendant acted negligently , rather than intentionally or recklessly . In offenses of absolute liability , other than the prohibited act, it may not be necessary to show the act was intentional. Generally, crimes must include an intentional act, and "intent" is an element that must be proved in order to find a crime occurred. The idea of a "strict liability crime" is an oxymoron. The few exceptions are not truly crimes at all – but are administrative regulations and civil penalties created by statute, such as crimes against

459-979: A doctor, died when taken hostage by the Germans during the war. She and her father had to flee Paris when the Germans came. Calvet studied criminal law at the Sorbonne. "A lawyer needs exactly what an actor needs, strong personality, persuasive powers and a good voice," she said later. While studying law, she often went to the Deux Magots café where her group of friends included Jean-Paul Sartre , Jean Cocteau and Jean Marais , which prompted her to try acting. Marais advised her to join Charles Dullin 's acting school, where he had trained alongside Simone Signoret and Gérard Philipe . She then studied at L'Ecole du Cinema. Calvet made her debut in French radio, stage plays, and cinema in

510-410: A killing effected by reckless acts lacking such a consciousness could be manslaughter. On the other hand, it matters not who is actually harmed through a defendant's actions. The doctrine of transferred malice means, for instance, that if a man intends to strike a person with his belt, but the belt bounces off and hits another, mens rea is transferred from the intended target to the person who actually

561-618: A model in We Are Not Married (1946) and had a supporting role in Last Chance Castle (1947). According to one obituary, "Just after the Second World War, most of the major Hollywood studios were importing female talent from Europe in the hopes of finding another Garbo , Dietrich or Bergman to lend exoticism to their product. Alida Valli , Hildegard Knef and Denise Darcel were among those who had varying success during

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612-558: A night club act and toured the U.S. In April 1954, she tried to commit suicide. Calvert made two films at Universal : The Far Country (1954) with James Stewart , and So This Is Paris (1954) with Tony Curtis . In 1955, she became an American citizen. Calvet returned to France to star in One Step to Eternity (1955), then went to Italy to appear in Le ragazze di San Frediano (1955) and Sins of Casanova (1955). In February 1955, it

663-699: A son with Jeffrey Stone, John, born in 1956. Between her last two marriages, she had a six-year, de facto relationship with millionaire Donald Scott, and they adopted a boy together. She later admitted she never earned more than $ 10,000 a year during this period. Calvet once said "American men make wonderful husbands if you don't love them. But if you love them, don't marry them. I don't mean they are lousy lovers," Calvet said. "I just think they are little boys who don't know what they want. In America, you don't have romances, you have affairs. And these affairs really lack class." In 1952, Calvet sued actress Zsa Zsa Gabor for $ 1 million, accusing her of slander after Gabor

714-448: A string of mediocre films as with a lack of a compelling talent, for Calvet's sultry looks and flashing eyes were allied with an impish sense of humor. She eventually became better known for her fiery private life and some well-publicized legal battles. Calvet was born in Paris. Her mother was a scientist who played a part in the development of thermally resistant glass. One of her sisters,

765-438: A victim is particularly vulnerable. This is known as the thin skull rule . However, it may be broken by an intervening act ( novus actus interveniens ) of a third party, the victim's own conduct, or another unpredictable event. A mistake in medical treatment typically will not sever the chain, unless the mistakes are in themselves "so potent in causing death." Mens rea is another Latin phrase, meaning "guilty mind". This

816-570: A year. Calvet spent that time training and working on her English; however, Hedda Hopper later claimed she spent that time "in nightclubs instead of learning English." Her visa was nearly rescinded because her association with the existentialist element in France was suspicious to the House Un-American Activities Committee . Paramount dropped her. Calvet did a test for MGM , which signed her for six months from July 1948. She

867-576: Is [now] so inflated I doubt if she could get inside a jumping rope...Corinne thinks she's god's gift to America instead of being grateful for the opportunity after flopping at two studios." At Paramount, she did Quebec (1951) with John Drew Barrymore , a film about the Lower Canada Rebellion . 20th Century Fox borrowed her to play Danny Kaye 's leading lady in On the Riviera (1951), which earned her

918-545: Is a formalized official activity that authenticates the fact of commission of a crime and authorizes punitive or rehabilitative treatment of the offender . The first civilizations generally did not distinguish between civil law and criminal law. The first written codes of law were designed by the Sumerians . Around 2100–2050 BC Ur-Nammu , the Neo-Sumerian king of Ur , enacted written legal code whose text has been discovered:

969-456: Is a legal duty to act. For example, the act of A striking B might suffice, or a parent's failure to give food to a young child also may provide the actus reus for a crime. Where the actus reus is a failure to act, there must be a duty of care . A duty can arise through contract , a voluntary undertaking, a blood relation with whom one lives, and occasionally through one's official position. Duty also can arise from one's own creation of

1020-405: Is a lesser variety of killing committed in the absence of malice , brought about by reasonable provocation , or diminished capacity . Involuntary manslaughter , where it is recognized, is a killing that lacks all but the most attenuated guilty intent, recklessness. Settled insanity is a possible defense. Many criminal codes protect the physical integrity of the body. The crime of battery

1071-448: Is composed of criminal elements . Capital punishment may be imposed in some jurisdictions for the most serious crimes. Physical or corporal punishment may be imposed such as whipping or caning , although these punishments are prohibited in much of the world. Individuals may be incarcerated in prison or jail in a variety of conditions depending on the jurisdiction. Confinement may be solitary. Length of incarceration may vary from

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1122-461: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Corinne Calvet Corinne Calvet (April 30, 1925 – June 23, 2001), born Corinne Dibos , was a French actress who appeared mostly in American films. According to one obituary, she was promoted "as a combination of Dietrich and Rita Hayworth ", but her persona failed to live up to this description, though the fault lay as much with

1173-449: Is the mental element of the crime. A guilty mind means an intention to commit some wrongful act. Intention under criminal law is separate from a person's motive (although motive does not exist in Scots law). A lower threshold of mens rea is satisfied when a defendant recognizes an act is dangerous but decides to commit it anyway. This is recklessness . It is the mental state of mind of

1224-400: Is traditionally understood as an unlawful touching, although this does not include everyday knocks and jolts to which people silently consent as the result of presence in a crowd. Creating a fear of imminent battery is an assault , and also may give rise to criminal liability. Non-consensual intercourse , or rape , is a particularly egregious form of battery. Property often is protected by

1275-567: The Code of Ur-Nammu although an earlier code of Urukagina of Lagash ( 2380–2360 BC ) is also known to have existed. Another important early code was the Code of Hammurabi , which formed the core of Babylonian law . Only fragments of the early criminal laws of Ancient Greece have survived, e.g. those of Solon and Draco . In Roman law , Gaius 's Commentaries on the Twelve Tables also conflated

1326-665: The Arica Institute , a Human Potential Movement group, and made a new career as a hypnotherapist, specializing in regressing people to their past lives. . Her last appearances were in Hart to Hart (1979), Dr. Heckyl and Mr. Hype (1980), The Sword and the Sorcerer (1982), and Side Roads (1988). In her memoir, titled Has Corinne Been a Good Girl? (1983), she stated that the roles she played for Hollywood studios never challenged her acting ability. In 1958, referring to being cast as

1377-469: The mens rea or guilty mind . As to crimes of which both actus reus and mens rea are requirements, judges have concluded that the elements must be present at precisely the same moment and it is not enough that they occurred sequentially at different times. Actus reus is Latin for " guilty act " and is the physical element of committing a crime. It may be accomplished by an action, by threat of action, or exceptionally, by an omission to act, which

1428-418: The state dispensing justice in a court clearly emerged in the eighteenth century when European countries began maintaining police services. From this point, criminal law formalized the mechanisms for enforcement, which allowed for its development as a discernible entity. Criminal law is distinctive for the uniquely serious, potential consequences or sanctions for failure to abide by its rules. Every crime

1479-532: The surname Calvet . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. References [ edit ] ^ "Enciclopedia of Catalan Surnames" . Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calvet&oldid=1178164619 " Categories : Surnames French-language surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

1530-499: The 1940s. She appeared uncredited in the film Blind Desire (1945) and was the French voice of Rita Hayworth in dubbed versions of American movies. She had a speaking part in Petrus (1946) starring Fernandel . Her father did not want her to use the family name, so she chose "Calvet" from a name on a bottle of wine (she felt that alliteration had been lucky for Michèle Morgan, Dannielle Darrieux, and Simone Signoret). Calvet played

1581-612: The U.S,. appearing in Hemingway's Adventures of a Young Man (1962) and Apache Uprising (1965) (with Calhoun) as well as episodes of The DuPont Show of the Week , Burke's Law , and Batman . Calvet's later appearances include Pound (1970) by Robert Downey Sr. , The Phantom of Hollywood (1974), an episode of Police Story , She's Too Hot to Handle (1977), The French Atlantic Affair , an episode of Starsky & Hutch , and She's Dressed to Kill (1979). She studied at

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1632-516: The act itself. For this reason, it can be argued that offenses that are mala prohibita are not really crimes at all. Public international law deals extensively and increasingly with criminal conduct that is heinous and ghastly enough to affect entire societies and regions. The formative source of modern international criminal law was the Nuremberg trials following the Second World War in which

1683-572: The civil and criminal aspects, treating theft ( furtum ) as a tort . Assault and violent robbery were analogized to trespass as to property. Breach of such laws created an obligation of law or vinculum juris discharged by payment of monetary compensation or damages . The criminal law of imperial Rome is collected in Books 47–48 of the Digest . After the revival of Roman law in the 12th century, sixth-century Roman classifications and jurisprudence provided

1734-550: The criminal law. Trespassing is unlawful entry onto the real property of another. Many criminal codes provide penalties for conversion , embezzlement , and theft , all of which involve deprivations of the value of the property. Robbery is a theft by force. Fraud in the UK is a breach of the Fraud Act 2006 by false representation, by failure to disclose information or by abuse of position. Some criminal codes criminalize association with

1785-619: The foundations of the distinction between criminal and civil law in European law from then until the present time. The first signs of the modern distinction between crimes and civil matters emerged during the Norman Invasion of England. The special notion of criminal penalty, at least concerning Europe, arose in Spanish Late Scholasticism (see Alfonso de Castro ), when the theological notion of God's penalty (poena aeterna) that

1836-559: The game show The Name's the Same , in the "I'd Like to Be" segment, where she stumped the panel with her choice of Rocky Marciano . At Paramount, she did Thunder in the East (1953) with Alan Ladd , then at Fox was Rory Calhoun 's leading lady in Powder River (1953). Paramount put her in the thriller Flight to Tangier (1953), and she appeared on Ford Television Theatre . She developed

1887-437: The other hand, refers to offenses that do not have wrongfulness associated with them. Parking in a restricted area, driving the wrong way down a one-way street, jaywalking or unlicensed fishing are examples of acts that are prohibited by statute, but without which are not considered wrong. Mala prohibita statutes are usually imposed strictly, as there does not need to be mens rea component for punishment under those offenses, just

1938-419: The patient would die. An actus reus may be nullified by an absence of causation . For example, a crime involves harm to a person, the person's action must be the but for cause and proximate cause of the harm. If more than one cause exists (e.g. harm comes at the hands of more than one culprit) the act must have "more than a slight or trifling link" to the harm. Causation is not broken simply because

1989-563: The period, and Corinne Calvet was the choice of Paramount ." The studio was looking for a Frenchwoman to play a suspected collaborator in Sealed Verdict (1948). It signed Calvet in February 1947. In April the studio announced she would be called "Corinne Calvat". Eventually the studio decided Calvet was too young, and in August, cast Florence Marly instead. Paramount did not use her for

2040-417: The person at the time the actus reus was committed. For instance, if C tears a gas meter from a wall to get the money inside, and knows this will let flammable gas escape into a neighbour's house, he could be liable for poisoning. Courts often consider whether the actor did recognize the danger, or alternatively ought to have recognized a risk. Of course, a requirement only that one ought to have recognized

2091-536: The requirement of an actus reus or guilty act . Some crimes – particularly modern regulatory offenses – require no more, and they are known as strict liability offenses (E.g. Under the Road traffic Act 1988 it is a strict liability offence to drive a vehicle with an alcohol concentration above the prescribed limit). Nevertheless, because of the potentially severe consequences of criminal conviction, judges at common law also sought proof of an intent to do some bad thing,

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2142-510: The right to use her for five films. Wallis put her in My Friend Irma Goes West (1950) a film best remembered for being the second movie released starring Martin and Lewis . "I couldn't believe he would cast me in such a script", she later recalled. " Rope of Sand had made me a valuable property. Doing this film would ruin my chances of rising higher as a dramatic star." In January 1950, Hedda Hopper claimed that Calvert's "ego

2193-458: The traffic or highway code. A murder , defined broadly, is an unlawful killing. Unlawful killing is probably the act most frequently targeted by the criminal law. In many jurisdictions , the crime of murder is divided into various gradations of severity, e.g., murder in the first degree , based on intent . Malice is a required element of murder. Manslaughter (Culpable Homicide in Scotland)

2244-432: The value to be placed on each. Many laws are enforced by threat of criminal punishment , and the range of the punishment varies with the jurisdiction. The scope of criminal law is too vast to catalog intelligently. Nevertheless, the following are some of the more typical aspects of criminal law. The criminal law generally prohibits undesirable acts . Thus, proof of a crime requires proof of some act. Scholars label this

2295-797: Was announced she would star in a TV series based on the radio show Cafe Istanbul but it appears to not have been made. She did make Operazione notte (1957) in Italy. Calvet went back to Hollywood to appear in episodes of Climax! , Studio One in Hollywood , and Richard Diamond, Private Detective . She had the lead in Plunderers of Painted Flats (1959) and supported George Sanders in Bluebeard's Ten Honeymoons (1960). Upset with her treatment in Hollywood, Calvet "decided to return to France to make her headquarters" in 1960. She did continue to work in

2346-451: Was for the doctors to decide whether treatment was in the patient's best interest. It was reasonable for them to conclude that treatment was not in the patient's best interest, and should therefore be stopped, when there was no prospect of improvement. It has always been illegal to take active steps to cause or accelerate death, although in certain circumstances it was lawful to withhold life sustaining treatment, including feeding, without which

2397-581: Was in a car accident but recovered. She married actor John Bromfield who was under contract to Hal B. Wallis . Wallis saw a test of Calvet, and in August 1948, took her back to Paramount for a role in Rope of Sand (1949) opposite Burt Lancaster and Paul Henreid , directed by William Dieterle . She was given star billing in her second Hollywood film, When Willie Comes Marching Home (1950), starring Dan Dailey and directed by John Ford for 20th Century Fox . Fox bought half her contract from Paramount, having

2448-628: Was inflicted solely for a guilty mind, became transfused into canon law first and, finally, to secular criminal law. Codifiers and architects of Early Modern criminal law were the German jurist Benedikt Carpzov (1595–1666), professor of law in Leipzig , and two Italians, the Roman judge and lawyer Prospero Farinacci (1544–1618) and the Piedmontese lawyer and statesman Giulio Claro (1525–1575). The development of

2499-475: Was quoted as saying that Calvet was not really French, but was "a cockney English girl who couldn't even speak French a few years ago." The legal wrangle quickly disappeared from the media. In 1967 her boyfriend of six years, Donald Scott, sued Calvet to recover $ 878,000 in assets that he had put under her name in an effort to hide them from his wife in a divorce battle. A two-week trial resulted in which Scott claimed Calvet had used voodoo to control him. The suit

2550-452: Was settled with Calvet returning all but $ 200,000 of the disputed sum. Calvet died June 23, 2001, in Los Angeles of an intracerebral hemorrhage . Criminal law Criminal law varies according to jurisdiction , and differs from civil law , where emphasis is more on dispute resolution and victim compensation, rather than on punishment or rehabilitation . Criminal procedure

2601-495: Was struck.[Note: The notion of transferred intent does not exist within Scots' Law. In Scotland, one would not be charged with assault due to transferred intent, but instead assault due to recklessness. Strict liability can be described as criminal or civil liability notwithstanding the lack of mens rea or intent by the defendant. Not all crimes require specific intent, and the threshold of culpability required may be reduced or demoted. For example, it might be sufficient to show that

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