79-465: The Cairo Championships or Championships of Cairo was a men's and women's international clay court tennis tournament founded circa 1932. It was played in Cairo , Egypt . The tournament ran until 1978 with breaks. The Cairo Championships or sometimes called Championships of Cairo was a men's and women's international clay court tennis tournament founded circa 1932. The championships were first played at
158-612: A Confederate sharpshooter, who won a bet after shooting it from a full city block away. In 1935, the original was retired to the Museum of the Washington County Historical Society, later to be moved to its present display in the Jonathan Hager House. An exact replica has replaced it atop City Hall. The weathervane has been depicted in the city's annual Mummers Day Parade by Charles Harry Rittenhouse, Sr. sporting
237-447: A 30-minute drive of Hagerstown. Fort Frederick State Park , which features a restored fort used in the French and Indian War , is west of the city in nearby Big Pool, Maryland . Washington Monument State Park , near Boonsboro , pays tribute to the country's first president, George Washington . It is the oldest structure to honor the 'father of our country.' Hagerstown is also home to
316-522: A clay court. In Britain, where En-Tout-Cas is based, most red clay courts have a surface dressing of burnt shale (with or without brick) for improving drainage. However, shale courts are now comparatively rare, having been steadily replaced in many clubs by all-weather synthetic surfaces (including artificial clay). The few courts that remain tend to be found in industrial areas such as central Scotland and Lancashire , as shale – known as blaes in Scotland –
395-508: A male householder with no wife present, and 42.6% were non-families. 34.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 3.04. The median age in the city was 34.5 years. 25.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28.6% were from 25 to 44; 24% were from 45 to 64; and 12.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of
474-529: A player to deliver an unreturnable shot. Points are usually longer as there are fewer winners . Clay courts favor baseliners who are consistent and have a strong defensive game, leading to players such as Rafael Nadal , Björn Borg , Chris Evert , and Justine Henin finding success at the French Open. Players who excel on clay courts but struggle to replicate the same form on fast courts are known as clay-court specialists . Clay-court players generally play in
553-559: A product, and by the 1920s the company was responsible for laying clay courts for the Davis Cup and at the French , British and Canadian Championships. During the following decade the American engineer H. A. Robinson went still further, creating a surface based on classic clay augmented with green piled metabasalt rock, which he hoped would help deliver a more consistent bounce. This became known as Har-Tru, derived from Robinson's initials and
632-476: A resurgence and now hosts several popular annual events. The Quad State Beer Fest is a craft beer and music festival that features regional breweries, rock music and entertainment held at various times throughout the year. The Interstate BBQ Festival is a Kansas City Barque Society sanctioned competition which hosts dozens of professional and backyard teams and draws thousands of spectators as a huge regional event. The city draws thousands every year around May–June to
711-405: A semicircle about 1.5 to 3 metres (5 to 10 feet) behind the baseline. Clay courts favor the "full western grip " for more topspin . Clay court players use topspins to throw off their opponents. Movement on the loose surface is very different from movement on any other surface, often involving sliding toward the incoming ball while preparing for the return stroke. Clay courts are unique in that
790-448: A series of mergers and acquisitions, is known as M7 Aerospace . The Hagerstown Aviation Museum shows many of these original aircraft. Among the ones on display are: 1939 F24/UC-61C, 1945 C-82A, 1943 PT-19A, and the 1953 C-119 . The museum is located near Hagerstown Regional Airport in the airport's former terminal. Hagerstown is also the birthplace of Salisbury, Maryland -based Piedmont Airlines which started out as Henson Aviation. It
869-403: A string of successes on other surfaces—including completing a Double Career Grand Slam and a Career Golden Slam —led to a broadening of his reputation. 2016 French Open winner Garbiñe Muguruza reached the 2015 Wimbledon final and won the 2017 Wimbledon title. The professional clay court season comprises many more tournaments than the brief grass court season, but is still shorter than
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#1732902765388948-618: A symphony house that plays host to the Maryland Symphony Orchestra and the annual Miss Maryland USA Beauty Pageants. The city also has the Washington County Playhouse, which does dinner theater performances. The Barbara Ingram School for the Arts is a magnet school for gifted art students, located in downtown Hagerstown's arts and entertainment district on South Potomac Street. Downtown Hagerstown recently has enjoyed
1027-503: Is a constituent element of colliery waste and thus can be easily and cheaply sourced in such locations. Shale courts tend to be a lighter shade of red than European clay courts. Aside from crushed brick and shale, other surfaces have also been used as a substitute for natural red clay. In Queensland and New South Wales , courts made from crushed ant hill mounds (known as "ant bed" or "dirt" courts) can occasionally be found; these are similar in appearance to standard red clay courts, as
1106-538: Is a hands-on science and technology museum featuring exhibits in numerous galleries and display areas, including the Hagerstown Aviation Museum. Fairgrounds Park is the city's largest active recreation park. It features a baseball field, a BMX track, exercise equipment, an in-line hockey rink, a skatepark, soccer fields, softball fields, and walking trails. Hagerstown is home to the Maryland Theatre ,
1185-458: Is a tennis player who excels on clay courts, more than on any other surface. Due in part to advances in racquet technology, current clay-court specialists are known for employing long, winding groundstrokes that generate heavy topspin; such strokes are less effective on faster surfaces on which the balls do not bounce as high. Clay-court specialists tend to slide more effectively on clay than other players. Many of them are also very adept at hitting
1264-461: Is attractive since it intersects Interstate-81 and Interstate-70, because of this, numerous warehouses have been built in Hagerstown and the surrounding area. Manufacturing, which was never entirely removed from the Hagerstown economy, returned to Hagerstown when Hitachi Rail began construction of a $ 70 million factory in Hagerstown. Hagerstown has 2 major shopping malls: Hagerstown's location at
1343-608: Is entirely in Europe, and usually takes place in July. Near the end of the swing, it overlaps with the beginning of the US Open Series . Hagerstown, Maryland Hagerstown ( / ˈ h eɪ ɡ ər z t aʊ n / ; HAY -gərz-town ) is a city in and the county seat of Washington County, Maryland , United States. The population was 43,527 at the 2020 census . Hagerstown ranks as Maryland's sixth-most populous incorporated city and
1422-535: Is moderate, averaging 39.29 in (998 mm) annually, and is somewhat evenly distributed throughout the year, with a slight winter minimum and a maximum in May and June. As of the census of 2010, there were 39,662 people, 16,449 households, and 9,436 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,364.0 inhabitants per square mile (1,298.8/km ). There were 18,682 housing units at an average density of 1,584.6 per square mile (611.8/km ). The racial makeup of
1501-656: Is one of the types of tennis court on which the sport of tennis is played. Clay courts are built on a foundation of crushed stone, brick, shale, and other aggregate , with a thin layer of fine clay particles on top. Clay courts are more common in Continental Europe and Latin America than in North America, Asia-Pacific or Britain. The only Grand Slam tournament that uses clay courts is the French Open . Clay courts come in
1580-460: Is packed to make the court, with the top most layers consisting of finely crushed loose particles. Such courts are most common in Europe and Latin America. The exact color of the surface varies with the composition of the bricks used, and can appear from a light yellow to a deep red. Natural clay courts are rare because this type of surface does not absorb water easily and takes two to three days to dry. A good example of natural red clay can be seen at
1659-537: Is the long spring clay season that starts in the Americas and Morocco before moving to mainland Europe and finishing with the French Open. It is usually played over two months between April and June, after the Miami Open . Unlike the other two clay seasons, this swing does not share the majority of its time with simultaneous hard court tournaments. The third is the brief summer clay season that takes place after Wimbledon. It
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#17329027653881738-656: Is the most populous city in the Maryland Panhandle . Hagerstown anchors the Hagerstown metropolitan area extending into West Virginia . It makes up the northwesternmost portion of the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area in the heart of the Great Appalachian Valley . The population of the metropolitan area in 2020 was 293,844. Greater Hagerstown was the fastest-growing metropolitan area in
1817-659: Is well-suited and utilized for dairy farming, cornfields, and fruit orchards typical of Mid-Atlantic agriculture. Hagerstown is situated in the transition between the humid subtropical climate zone ( Köppen Cfa ) and the humid continental climate zone (Köppen Dfa ), with hot, humid summers and cool to moderately cold winters. Normal monthly mean temperatures range from 32.9 °F (0.5 °C) in January to 77.6 °F (25.3 °C) in July, while record temperatures range from −27 °F (−33 °C) on January 13, 1912, up to 107 °F (42 °C) on July 23, 1999. Precipitation
1896-631: The Battle of Antietam , also known as the Battle of Sharpsburg , approximately 2,800 Confederate dead from that battle and also from the battles on South Mountain were re-interred in Washington Confederate Cemetery , within Rose Hill Cemetery in Hagerstown. Hagerstown's nickname of the "Hub City" originated from the large number of railroads (and roads) that served the city. Hagerstown was
1975-1403: The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park Headquarters. The city and surrounding vicinity also has a number of sites and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places . They include the Antietam Furnace Complex Archeological Site , Antietam Hall , Brightwood , Colonial Theatre , Ditto Knolls , Dorsey-Palmer House , Elliot-Bester House , Jacob M. Funk Farm , Garden Hill , Good-Hartle Farm , Hager House , Hagerstown Armory , Hagerstown Charity School , Hagerstown City Park Historic District , Hagerstown Commercial Core Historic District , Hagerstown Historic District , Houses At 16-22 East Lee Street , Lantz-Zeigler House , Lehman's Mill Historic District , Long Meadows , Maryland Theatre , Henry McCauley Farm , Oak Hill Historic District , Old Forge Farm , Old Washington County Library , Paradise Manor , Potomac-Broadway Historic District , Price-Miller House , Rockland Farm , Rockledge , Rohrer House , South Prospect Street Historic District , Trovinger Mill , Valentia , Washington County Courthouse , Western Maryland Railway Station , Western Maryland Railway Steam Locomotive No. 202 , and Wilson's Bridge . Within
2054-823: The Myrtle Beach Hurricanes relocated to Hagerstown, became the Hagerstown Suns, and became the Class A affiliate of the Toronto Blue Jays. They would remain Class A for the remainder of their existence. In 2001, they affiliated with the San Francisco Giants. They affiliated with the New York Mets in 2005, and then with the Washington Nationals in 2007. The Suns folded in 2021 when Minor League Baseball
2133-550: The Shenandoah Valley . This is in contrast to neighboring Chambersburg, Pennsylvania , which McCausland razed on July 30 when the borough failed to supply the requested ransom of $ 500,000 in U.S. currency, or $ 100,000 in gold. Following the war, in 1872 Maryland and Virginia cooperated to re-inter Confederate dead from their impromptu graves to cemeteries in Hagerstown, Frederick and Shepherdstown, West Virginia . Roughly 60% however, remained unidentified. In 1877, 15 years after
2212-623: The United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 11.80 square miles (30.56 km ), of which 11.79 square miles (30.54 km ) is land and 0.01 square miles (0.03 km ) is water. Major waterways within Hagerstown include Hamilton Run and Antietam Creek that are tributaries of the Potomac River. Natural landscape around Hagerstown consists of low, rolling hills with elevations of 500 feet (150 m) to 800 feet (240 m) above sea level and rich, fertile land that
2291-932: The drop shot , which can be effective because rallies on clay courts often leave players pushed far beyond the baseline. Additionally, the slow, long rallies require a great degree of mental focus and physical stamina. The definition of "clay-court specialist" has varied. Anthony Wilding, Sergi Bruguera , Albert Costa and Gastón Gaudio were French Open champions who won all or nearly all of their career titles on clay. Andrés Gimeno , Adriano Panatta , Manuel Orantes , Yannick Noah , Michael Chang , Thomas Muster, Gustavo Kuerten , Carlos Moyá and Juan Carlos Ferrero won major titles only on clay, but won lower tournaments, including Masters Series events, on other surfaces. Among female players, there have been few whose best results were confined exclusively to clay. Virginia Ruzici , Anastasia Myskina , Iva Majoli , Sue Barker , Ana Ivanovic , Francesca Schiavone and Jeļena Ostapenko are
2370-583: The edgewise conglomerate and wavy laminae become distinctly visible, giving an appearance unique to the Cumberland Valley as seen in the architecture of St. John's Episcopal Church . Despite its semi-rural Western Maryland setting, Hagerstown is a center of transit and commerce. Interstates 81 and 70 , CSX , Norfolk Southern , and the Winchester and Western railroads, as well as Hagerstown Regional Airport form an extensive transportation network for
2449-575: The 'true' nature of the bounce experienced on the court. First used in Hagerstown, Maryland , in 1932, green Har-Tru clay soon became the preferred surface for American clay court tournaments. In later years, the Har-Tru company would go on to develop all-weather clay surfaces at its factory in Charlottesville, Virginia , that could be played on throughout the entire year. Almost all red clay courts are now made not of natural clay but of crushed brick that
Cairo Championships - Misplaced Pages Continue
2528-611: The Blue Ridge and Allegheny Mountains in a part of the Great Appalachian Valley known regionally as Cumberland Valley and locally as Hagerstown Valley . The community also lies within proximity of Pennsylvania , West Virginia , and Virginia . Hagerstown, by driving distance, is approximately 70 miles (110 km) northwest of Washington, D.C. , 72 miles (116 km) west-northwest of Baltimore and 74 miles (119 km) southwest of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania . According to
2607-873: The Detroit Tigers moved their minor league affiliate there. The Hagerstown Owls competed in the Class B Interstate League . In 1950, the Owls were renamed the Hagerstown Braves as they became a minor league affiliate of the Boston Braves. In 1953, the Braves joined the Class B Piedmont League . In 1954, the Braves were renamed the Hagerstown Packets and became a minor league affiliate of the Washington Senators. The Piedmont League ceased operations in 1955 and Hagerstown
2686-462: The French Open (1976–78), to participate in World Team Tennis . She also has the highest career win percentage on clay courts (94.55%) during the open era. The most successful currently active female player on clay is Iga Świątek , who won the French Open in 2020 , 2022 , 2023 , and 2024 . In 2022 and 2024, Świątek won three titles and lost only one match on clay. A clay-court specialist
2765-523: The Frick Park Clay Courts in Pittsburgh , a public facility of six red clay courts that has been in continual use since 1930. Sports surface providers such as En-Tout-Cas still offer red clay surfaces with a coarser top layer to improve drainage. These courts are particularly popular in southern Australian states such as Victoria , where the phrase 'En-Tout-Cas' is a common generic shorthand for
2844-570: The Gezira Sporting Club, Cairo, Egypt. In the 1950s the tournament was held at Tawfikiya Tennis Club (f. 1896), Cairo, before returning to the Gezira Sporting Club. The tournament was staged until the early 1970s. For the years 1937, 1939, 1960 1968 1969 it was co-valid as Egyptian International Championships , In 1972, 1976, 1977, 1978 this tournament was co-valid as the Egyptian Open . (incomplete roll) Clay court A clay court
2923-610: The Great Appalachian Valley between the Blue Ridge and Allegheny Mountains in Maryland and called it Hager's Fancy. In 1762, Hager officially founded the town of Elizabethtown which he named after his wife, Elizabeth Kershner. Fourteen years later, Jonathan Hager became known as the "Father of Washington County" after his efforts helped Hagerstown become the county seat of newly created Washington County, which Hager also helped create from neighboring Frederick County . The City Council changed
3002-625: The North and the South made the city a primary staging area and supply center for four major campaigns during the Civil War . In 1861, General Robert Patterson 's troops used Hagerstown as a base to attack Virginia troops in the Shenandoah Valley . In the Maryland Campaign of 1862, General James Longstreet 's command occupied the town while en route to the Battle of South Mountain and Antietam . In 1863,
3081-710: The US Open in 1977 while it was held on clay. Thomas Muster is also considered a successful clay court player; although he also only won the French Open once, 40 out of his 44 career singles titles were won on clay. Other notable players who had significant success on clay include Ivan Lendl and Björn Borg - the former winning the French Open in 1984, 1986, and 1987, while the latter won it 6 times. While often overshadowed by Nadal's clay successes due to being contemporaries, Roger Federer and Novak Djokovic also were known for being extremely formidable on clay courts throughout their careers and had significant successes. Federer made
3160-537: The Western Maryland Blues Fest, which showcases blues artists from around the country. The Augustoberfest celebrates Hagerstown's German heritage. The Alsatia Mummers Parade is an annual parade during the Halloween season. It is run by Alsatia Club Inc. and was first run in 1921. Fairgrounds Park hosts various events throughout the year like the annual Hagerstown Hispanic Festival held in mid-September and
3239-487: The ant hill "loam" or grit is pinky-brown in color. Top Australian competitors such as Mal Anderson , Roy Emerson and Rod Laver , who all grew up in Queensland, practiced on ant bed courts when they were young. Green clay, also known by brand names such as Har-Tru and Rubico, is made of crushed metabasalt rather than brick, making the surface slightly harder and faster than red clay. These courts are located primarily in
Cairo Championships - Misplaced Pages Continue
3318-954: The area's most prominent employer. The importance of the company to the city and the country as a whole earned Hagerstown its former nickname "Home of the Flying Boxcar," after the Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar . Fairchild moved to Hagerstown from Farmingdale, New York , in 1931 after Sherman Fairchild purchased a majority stock interest in Kreider-Reisner Aircraft Company of Hagerstown in 1929. Among Fairchild's products during World War II were PT-19 / PT-23 / PT-26 (Cornell) and AT-21 trainers, C-82 "Packet" cargo planes and missiles. At its height in World War II, Fairchild employed directly and indirectly up to 80% of Hagerstown's workforce or roughly 10,000 people. In
3397-404: The average family size was 2.93. In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.6% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 31.0% from 25 to 44, 20.1% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.6 males. The median income for a household in the city
3476-428: The ball bounce leaves an impression in the ground, which can help determine whether a shot was in or out. Furthermore, clay courts are still playable in light rain because the courts are meant to be slightly wet when played on and the surface absorbs water better than hard courts and grass courts. This is opposed to hard courts and grass courts where play is usually suspended almost immediately during even light rain. In
3555-462: The bounce on these courts was often irregular, the surface dried slowly after rain had fallen, and the courts could not be used in winter months for fear of damage. In 1909, the newly-established Leicestershire firm En-Tout-Cas (translated roughly into English as "in all conditions") came up with a prototype court made from crushed brick and burnt shale that could drain much more quickly than standard clay courts. These proved very popular once offered as
3634-548: The center of the Western Maryland Railway and an important city on the Pennsylvania , Norfolk and Western , Baltimore and Ohio , and Hagerstown and Frederick Railroads. Currently, the city is a vital location on CSX , Norfolk Southern , and the Winchester and Western Railroads . Hagerstown was formerly served by the Hagerstown & Frederick Railway , an interurban trolley system, from 1896 to 1947. One of
3713-657: The center of the Western Maryland region makes it an ideal starting point for touring, especially with respect to the Civil War . Antietam National Battlefield , the site of the bloodiest single day in American history, is located in nearby Sharpsburg . South Mountain State Battlefield is also located in Washington County in Boonsboro . Gettysburg , Monocacy , and Harpers Ferry battlefields are all located within
3792-520: The cities annual July 4 firework show. From 1915 to 1929, Hagerstown's Class D minor league team played in the Blue Ridge League at Willow Lane Park, now the site of Bester Elementary School, under several names: Blues (1915), Terriers (1916–18, 1922–23), Champs (1920–21), and Hubs (1924–1930). In 1930, Municipal Stadium was constructed and the Hubs played their final season there. In 1931, prior to
3871-672: The city has a diversified, stable business environment with modern service companies in various fields as well as continued strength in manufacturing and transportation in railroads and highways. Surrounding Hagerstown, there has been and continues to be a strong agricultural presence while tourism, especially with respect to the retail sector, also provides support to the local economy. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, e-commerce brands began searching for new places to do business. Due to high property prices near Interstate-95 businesses looked to develop along Interstate-81. The Hagerstown-Washington County area
3950-410: The city was 47.3% male and 52.7% female. Between 2011 and 2015, 26.8% of the population lived in poverty. As of the U.S. census of 2000, there were 36,687 people, 15,849 households, and 9,081 families residing in the city. Updated July 1, 2008, census estimates reflect Hagerstown having 39,728 people, an increase of 8.3% from the year 2000. According to Census 2000 figures, the population density
4029-447: The city was 75.8% White , 15.5% African American , 0.3% Native American , 1.3% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 2.1% from other races , and 5.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.6% of the population. There were 16,449 households, of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.6% were married couples living together, 18.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.4% had
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#17329027653884108-605: The city was the site of several military incursions and engagements as Gen. Robert E. Lee 's army invaded and retreated in the Gettysburg Campaign . In 1864, Hagerstown was invaded by the Confederate army under Lt. Gen. Jubal Early . On Wednesday, July 6, Early sent 1,500 cavalry, commanded by Brig. Gen. John McCausland , into Hagerstown. The Confederates levied a ransom of $ 20,000 and a large amount of clothing, in retribution for U.S. destruction of farms, feed and cattle in
4187-617: The city, there are numerous parks including Hagerstown City Park , which is home to the Washington County Museum of Fine Arts , Mansion House Art Gallery, Western Maryland 202 Locomotive Display and Museum , and the Hager House and Museum (once home of Jonathan Hager , founder of Hagerstown). Outside of the Park, Hagerstown Roundhouse Museum showcases exhibits of Hagerstown's early railroad history. Discovery Station , located downtown,
4266-405: The city. There were 15,849 households, out of which 29.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.8% were married couples living together, 15.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.7% were non-families. 35.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and
4345-582: The city. Hagerstown is also the chief commercial and industrial hub for a greater Tri-State Area that includes much of Western Maryland as well as significant portions of South Central Pennsylvania and the Martinsburg Panhandle Area . Hagerstown has often been referred to as, and is nicknamed, the Hub City . In 1739, Jonathan Hager , a German immigrant from Pennsylvania and a volunteer Captain of Scouts, purchased 200 acres (81 ha) of land in
4424-530: The community's name to Hager's-Town in 1813 because the name had gained popular usage, and in the following year, the Maryland State Legislature officially endorsed the changing of the town's name. In 1794, government forces arrested 150 citizens during a draft riot which was staged by protesters in response to the Whiskey Rebellion . Hagerstown's strategic location at the border between
4503-441: The factory could not keep up with this eruption in demand. Courts covered in a top layer of brick dust thereafter became the norm in many Mediterranean and South American countries, as they were not only durable in summer but did not need to be tended and mowed, as grass courts did (although they did require regular maintenance involving rolling, "dragging", and occasional watering). Yet further improvements were still imperative, as
4582-405: The final of the French Open every year from 2006 to 2009, finally winning the last one in the sequence, while Djokovic has won the title 3 times (2016, 2021, 2023), beating Nadal en route to the title in 2021. Federer is also notable for ending Nadal's 81 match win streak on clay courts in 2007 at the 2007 Hamburg Masters . On the women's side, Monica Seles , Justine Henin and Iga Swiatek hold
4661-759: The hard court seasons. There are three distinct clay court seasons during the year. The first is the men's South American clay season. Played primarily in February between the Australian Open and the Indian Wells Masters , the ATP has four tournaments in this swing, although other ATP tournaments played on hardcourt occur the same weeks. The WTA discontinued its participation in Rio de Janeiro after 2016, so there are no clay court women's tournaments during this period. The second
4740-413: The invention of the English tennis player William Renshaw (a seven times Wimbledon champion) and his twin brother Ernest . The Renshaws had built a grass court at their summer home on the French Riviera , but found it unable to withstand prolonged exposure to heat and sunlight. To remedy this, in 1890 William Renshaw decided that the court should be covered with a fine powder that would protect it from
4819-438: The mid-Atlantic and southern United States. They are also found in Central and Eastern Canada. There is one WTA tournament played on green Har-Tru clay courts, the Charleston Open in Charleston, South Carolina . From 1975 until 1977, the US Open was played on Har-Tru clay courts. The US Men's Clay Court Championships are played on clay that has a maroon color. Not only is this a darker color than other clay courts used in
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#17329027653884898-479: The more common red clay , which is actually crushed brick , and the slightly harder green clay , also known as "rubico", which is actually crushed metabasalt . Although slightly less expensive to construct than other types of tennis courts, clay requires much maintenance: the surface must be watered and rolled regularly to preserve texture and flatness, and brushed carefully before each game. Clay courts, although now commonly associated with continental Europe, were
4977-432: The most recognizable symbols of Hagerstown is the weathervane known as "Little Heiskell". Named after the German tinsmith Benjamin Heiskell who crafted it in 1769 in the form of a Hessian soldier , it stood atop the Market House first and City Hall second for a combined 166 years. It was moved from the Market House to City Hall in 1824. During the Civil War era, the weathervane gained its characteristic bullet hole from
5056-400: The necessary accoutrements of a German mercenary soldier. Little Heiskell was at one time the mascot of North Hagerstown High School . Hagerstown's first aircraft production came in World War I with the Maryland Pressed Steel Company building the Bellanca CD biplane in hopes of securing government contracts. From 1931 to 1984, Fairchild Aircraft was based in Hagerstown and was by far
5135-420: The next season beginning, the Blue Ridge League folded due to financial losses and the Hagerstown Hubs moved to Parkersburg, West Virginia . From 1935 to 1955, various barnstorming Negro League teams played in Hagerstown on at least seven occasions; however, there is no complete history of Black baseball in Hagerstown as local news rarely covered it. In 1941, professional baseball returned to Hagerstown when
5214-399: The only female players to have won major titles at only the French Open since the beginning of the open era. Increasingly, clay courters have attempted to play better on other surfaces, with some success. Ferrero reached the final of the US Open in 2003 , the same year he won the French Open , and also won several hardcourt tournaments. Nadal was considered a clay court specialist until
5293-520: The open era record for the number of consecutive French Open titles won at three (1990–1992 for Seles, 2005–2007 for Henin and 2022–2024 for Swiatek). In the pre-open era this feat was first achieved by Helen Wills Moody (1928–1930) and followed by Hilde Krahwinkel Sperling (1935–1937). Chris Evert holds the record for longest winning streak on clay for either gender in the open era: from August 1973 to May 1979, she won 125 consecutive clay court matches. During this time, Evert skipped three editions of
5372-419: The postwar era, Fairchild continued to produce aircraft in Hagerstown such as C-123 Provider , Fairchild F-27 and Fairchild Hiller FH-227 , FH-1100 , C-26 Metroliner , UC-26 Metroliner , Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II , and the Fairchild T-46 jet trainer. All production ceased in Hagerstown in 1984 and the company moved elsewhere. Presently, the company is based in San Antonio, Texas , and after
5451-442: The pre-open era Anthony Wilding is particularly notable for his achievements on clay courts. Starting in May 1910 at the Championship of South Africa and ending in June 1914 at the World Hard Court Championships he registered 120 consecutive clay court match victories. Rafael Nadal, winner of a record 14 French Open men's singles titles , is noted for his success on clay; since his debut in 2005, he has only lost four times at
5530-407: The professional game, but it is also a type of Har-Tru court, meaning it is actually composed of the same substance (basalt) as green clay courts, and not a type of red clay. Har-Tru market this kind of court as "American red clay". Clay courts are considered "slow" because the balls bounce relatively high and lose much of their initial speed when contacting the surface, making it more difficult for
5609-445: The state of Maryland and among the fastest growing in the United States, as of 2009. Hagerstown has a distinct topography, formed by stone ridges running from northeast to southwest through the center of town. Geography accordingly bounds its neighborhoods. These ridges consist of upper Stonehenge Limestone . Many of the older buildings were built from this stone, which is easily quarried and dressed onsite. It whitens in weathering and
5688-563: The sun's rays. This powder was sourced from discarded terracotta discovered at a small ceramics factory in Vallauris , near Cannes , where the brothers regularly purchased decorative pots for their garden. Success with the new surface came quickly: after only a year or two, it was reported that 104 clay courts had been built in Cannes alone. Brick powder soon replaced the Vallauris terracotta pots, as
5767-537: The tournament – in 2009 , 2015 , 2021 and 2024 . Nadal holds the record for the longest winning streak by any male player on a single surface since the Open Era began in 1968: 81 clay court wins between April 2005 and May 2007. He also holds the record for most clay court titles in the Open Era, with 63. Guillermo Vilas won 49 of his 62 singles titles on clay. He only won a single French Open title, although he also won
5846-509: Was $ 30,796, and the median income for a family was $ 38,149. Males had a median income of $ 31,200 versus $ 22,549 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 17,153. About 15.1% of families and 18.1% of the population were below the poverty line , including 27.0% of those under age 18 and 13.7% of those age 65 or over. Hagerstown–Martinsburg, MD–WV MSA consists of three counties: The primary cities are Hagerstown and Martinsburg, West Virginia . The metropolitan area's population in 2000
5925-744: Was 222,771. The 2008 estimate is 263,753, making Greater Hagerstown the 169th largest metropolitan area in the United States. The growth rate from 2000 to 2008 is +18.4%, the 48th highest among metropolitan areas in the entire country and the highest in Maryland (and in West Virginia). The growth is mostly due to the influx of people from Washington, D.C., and Baltimore, MD. Once primarily an industrial community, Hagerstown's economy depended heavily on railroad transportation and manufacturing, notably of aircraft, trucks, automobiles, textiles, and furniture. Today,
6004-425: Was 3,441.5 inhabitants per square mile (1,328.8/km ). There were 17,089 housing units at an average density of 1,603.1 per square mile (619.0/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 85.95% White , 10.15% Black , 1.77% Hispanic or Latino , 0.25% Native American , 0.96% Asian , 0.04% Pacific Islander , 0.83% from other races , and 1.83% from two or more races. There were 17,154 males and 19,533 females residing in
6083-538: Was founded by Richard A. Henson in 1931. Today, Hagerstown Regional Airport-Richard A. Henson Field is named as such in honor of the airlines' founder. Today, only small to medium-sized aviation companies remain in the area, e.g., Sierra Nevada Corporation , a defense electronics engineering and manufacturing contractor. Hagerstown is situated south of the Mason–Dixon line and north of the Potomac River and between
6162-782: Was left without a team until 1981. From 1981 to 2020, the Hagerstown Suns played in Municipal Stadium and were initially the Class A affiliate of the Baltimore Orioles . The Suns became the Double-A affiliate of the Orioles in 1989. They were affiliated with the Orioles until 1992 when the Suns moved to Bowie, Maryland and became the Bowie Baysox . Shortly after the Suns departure in 1992,
6241-472: Was restructured and reduced to 120 teams. Municipal Stadium was demolished in 2022 to make way for an indoor turf complex. On September 1, 2021, the Atlantic League announced approval for a new baseball team in Hagerstown. The team will play in the new Meritus Park . The team was initially set to begin play in 2023, but delays in stadium construction pushed the inaugural season to 2024. Groundbreaking
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