76-622: The 2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference , also known as COP25 , was the 25th United Nations Climate Change conference . It was held in Madrid , Spain, from 2 to 13 December 2019 under the presidency of the Chilean government. The conference incorporated the 25th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the 15th meeting of
152-522: A carbon market and other forms of international cooperation. In the COP24 conference no agreement could be reached on this topic. Several politically difficult decisions have to be made for this article. Negative emissions could be traded under the Kyoto Protocol to offset emissions by developed countries, but many of these negative emission projects would have happened anyway without the extra incentive from
228-466: A chance to finalize a Protocol that could secure ratification. Specifically, COP-6 was intended to complete work on the two-year Buenos Aires Plan of Action (BAPA), agreed upon at COP-4. However, these groups saw the United States as a roadblock to finalize such a Protocol. The discussions evolved rapidly into a high-level negotiation over the major political issues. These included major controversy over
304-518: A less specific "politically binding" agreement that would punt the most difficult issues into the future". Ministers and officials from 192 countries took part in the Copenhagen meeting and in addition there were participants from a large number of civil society organizations. As many Annex 1 industrialized countries are now reluctant to fulfill commitments under the Kyoto Protocol, a large part of
380-641: A low emissions global economy. COP 23 was held on 6–17 November 2017. On Friday, 18 November 2016, the end of COP 22, the Chairperson of COP 23 from Fiji announced that it would be held in Bonn, Germany . (COP 23/CMP 13). Fijian Prime Minister and incoming President of COP 23, Frank Bainimarama , on 13 April launched the logo for this year's United Nations Climate Change Conference, to be held at UN Campus, Bonn in November. This conference saw
456-424: A pre-sessional period from 26 November to 1 December 2019 with up to 25 000 delegates scheduled to attend. However, following the 2019 Chilean protests , Chilean President Sebastián Piñera announced Chile's withdrawal from hosting the summit in late October 2019. UN Climate Change Executive Secretary Patricia Espinosa stated that organizers were "exploring alternative hosting options". Then Spain offered, and
532-578: A separate decision of the Conference of Parties, countries agreed to a range of national security exemptions which stated that bunker fuels and emissions from multilateral military operations would not be part of national emissions totals and would be reported outside of those totals. Most industrialized countries and some central European economies in transition (all defined as Annex B countries) agreed to legally binding reductions in greenhouse gas emissions of an average of 6 to 8% below 1990 levels between
608-581: A timeline and structured negotiation on the post-2012 framework (the end of the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol) was achieved with the adoption of the Bali Action Plan (Decision 1/CP.13). The Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-term Cooperative Action under the Convention (AWG-LCA) was established as a new subsidiary body to conduct the negotiations aimed at urgently enhancing the implementation of
684-468: A way to travel to the conference. Riley Whitelum and his wife, Elayna Carausu, two Australians who had been sailing around the world aboard their 48-foot (15 m) catamaran, La Vagabonde , took Thunberg back across the Atlantic. On 13 November 2019, Thunberg set sail from Hampton , Virginia for Lisbon, Portugal. Her departing message was the same as it has been since she began her activism: "My message to
760-505: Is due to report in November 2010. The negotiations on extending the Kyoto Protocol had unresolved issues as did the negotiations on a framework for long-term cooperative action. The working groups on these tracks to the negotiations are now due to report to COP 16 and CMP 6 in Mexico. COP 16 was held in Cancún , Mexico, from 28 November to 10 December 2010. The outcome of the summit
836-511: Is in the public domain. United Nations Climate Change conference The United Nations Climate Change Conferences are yearly conferences held in the framework of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). They serve as the formal meeting of the UNFCCC parties – the Conference of the Parties (COP) – to assess progress in dealing with climate change , and beginning in
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#1732872544857912-479: The 2019 Ecuadorian protests . She also expressed her disappointment towards world leaders' lack of interest to discuss topics brought by indigenous peoples to the conference. The International Union for Conservation of Nature presented research showing that the number of low-oxygen zones in the oceans is increasing. The last part of the Paris regime that remains to be resolved is Article 6 , which describes rules for
988-723: The Atlantic Ocean to the Americas in sailboat Malizia II to participate in the UN Climate Action Summit in New York City in September. At that time it was not clear how she was going to return to Europe, but she was planning to go on to Chile for the conference. With the move of the conference to Madrid, the need to return to Europe became more urgent. Teresa Ribera, as Spain's environment minister, offered her help in finding
1064-576: The Subsidiary Bodies . Conference delegates did not reach consensus on the Rules of Procedures, and a decision on voting rules was deferred to COP 2. COP 2 took place from 8–19 July 1996 in Geneva , Switzerland. Its ministerial declaration was noted (but not adopted) on 18 July 1996, and reflected a United States position statement presented by Timothy Wirth , former Under Secretary for Global Affairs for
1140-597: The United Arab Emirates , from 30 November to 12 December 2023. In advance to the conference, Pope Francis issued an apostolic exhortation called Laudate Deum in which he calls for brisk action against the climate crisis and condemns climate change denial . At the beginning of November 2023, the Pope announced he would attend the conference and would stay there for 3 days, but unfortunately he had to cancel his trip due to health issues. Charles III , King of
1216-534: The United States Department of State at that meeting, which: COP 3 took place on 1–11 December 1997 in Kyoto , Japan. After intensive negotiations, it adopted the Kyoto Protocol , which outlined the greenhouse gas emissions reduction obligation for Annex I countries , along with what came to be known as Kyoto mechanisms such as emissions trading, clean development mechanism and joint implementation. In
1292-678: The Americans is the same as to everyone – that is to unite behind the science and to act on the science." Speaker of the US House of Representatives Nancy Pelosi led a 15-member Congressional delegation to the talks to demonstrate continued U.S. support for the negotiations, despite the Trump administration's decision to pull the U.S. out of the Paris Agreement. Ecuadorian environmental activist Helena Gualinga participated. She spoke about her concern on
1368-516: The Buenos Aires Plan of Action was adopted. The parties also began discussing the post-Kyoto mechanism, on how to allocate emission reduction obligation following 2012, when the first commitment period ends. COP 11/CMP 1 took place between 28 November and 9 December 2005, in Montreal , Quebec, Canada. It was the first C onference of the Parties serving as the M eeting of the Parties to
1444-588: The Climate Ambitious Coalition contains now "73 countries committed to net zero emissions by 2050, as well as a further 1214 actors (regions, cities, businesses, investors) who have pledged the same goal". All the information about the pledges (governmental and non-governmental) is streamed to the Global Climate Action portal . The Santiago Network was established at COP25. Additionally, global song project " The Resolution Song " premiered at
1520-608: The Convention up to and beyond 2012. Decision 9/CP.13 is an Amended to the New Delhi work programme. These negotiations took place during 2008 (leading to COP 14/CMP 4 in Poznan, Poland) and 2009 (leading to COP 15/CMP 5 in Copenhagen). COP 14 /CMP 4 took place on 1–12 December 2008 in Poznań , Poland. Delegates agreed on principles for the financing of a fund to help
1596-470: The Convention. The COP 8 was marked by Russia's hesitation, stating that it needed more time to think it over. The Kyoto Protocol could enter into force once it was ratified by 55 countries, including countries responsible for 55 per cent of the developed world's 1990 carbon dioxide emissions. With the United States (36.1 per cent share of developed-world carbon dioxide) and Australia refusing ratification, Russia's agreement (17% of global emissions in 1990)
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#17328725448571672-860: The Ecological Transition , announced the conference would be held at the IFEMA facilities in Madrid. The Spanish government divided the COP25 into two zones, one blue and one green. The blue zone hosted sessions for negotiation between the parties of the COP. This included the 15th session of the Meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol and the 2nd session of the Meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement. The blue zone also hosted events and activities run by NGO actors and side events organized by states other than Spain. The green zone
1748-512: The Ecuadorian government authorizing oil extraction in indigenous land. She said: "Our country's government is still granting our territories to the corporations responsible of climate change. This is criminal." She criticized the Ecuadorian government for claiming interest in protecting the Amazon during the conference instead of attending indigenous Amazon women's demands brought to the government during
1824-579: The IPCC. All parties "Recognizing that climate change represents an urgent and potentially irreversible threat to human societies and the planet, and thus requires to be urgently addressed by all Parties". It recognizes the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report goal of a maximum 2 °C global warming and all parties should take urgent action to meet this goal. It also agreed upon greenhouse gas emissions should peak as soon as possible, but recognizing that
1900-524: The Kyoto P rotocol (CMP 1) since their initial meeting in Kyoto in 1997. It was one of the largest intergovernmental conferences on climate change ever. The event marked the entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol. Hosting more than 10 000 delegates, it was one of Canada's largest international events ever and the largest gathering in Montreal since Expo 67 . The Montreal Action Plan was an agreement to "extend
1976-494: The Kyoto Protocol, so that this mechanism was described as 'hot air'. International trading of carbon can make overall emission cuts cheaper. If negotiations about this fail, it will come up again in 2020's COP26 (postponed to 2021). According to scientists, talks focused on some of the rules for implementing the 2015 Paris agreement, but the overriding issue of how fast the world needs to cut greenhouse gas emissions has received little official attention. Urgent UN talks on tackling
2052-706: The UNFCCC's charter). The conference was held in Warsaw , Poland from 11 to 23 November 2013. The most prominent result was the adoption of the Warsaw Framework for REDD-plus. The Conference also established the Warsaw International Mechanism (WIM) for Loss and Damage associated with Climate Change Impacts (Loss and Damage Mechanism), to address loss and damage associated with impacts of climate change. This included extreme events and slow onset events, in developing countries that are particularly vulnerable to
2128-572: The United Kingdom , gave the opening address at the summit, his first speech on the climate crisis since becoming monarch. United States president Joe Biden did not attend, with the 2023 Israel–Hamas war and internal US government spending difficulties being cited as possible causes. Sailing La Vagabonde Sailing La Vagabonde is a YouTube channel run by Australian video bloggers Riley Whitelum and Elayna Carausu along with their children Lenny and Darwin. The channel documents
2204-539: The United States' proposal to allow credit for carbon "sinks" in forests and agricultural lands that would satisfy a major proportion of the U.S. emissions reductions in this way; disagreements over consequences for non-compliance by countries that did not meet their emission reduction targets; and difficulties in resolving how developing countries could obtain financial assistance to deal with adverse effects of climate change and meet their obligations to plan for measuring and possibly reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In
2280-491: The adverse effects of climate change. On 1–12 December 2014, Lima , Peru, hosted the 20th yearly session of the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the 10th session of the Meeting of the Parties (CMP) to the 1997 Kyoto Protocol (the protocol having been developed under the UNFCCC's charter). The pre-COP conference was held in Venezuela. The COP 21
2356-412: The almost total disconnect between what the science requires and what the climate negotiations are delivering in terms of meaningful action. Greenpeace executive director Jennifer Morgan summarized the prevalent opinion: “Climate blockers like Brazil and Saudi Arabia, enabled by an irresponsibly weak Chilean leadership, peddled carbon deals and steamrolled scientists and civil society”. The decisions about
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2432-545: The areas of support for developing countries and clean development mechanism. The parties adopted a five-year plan of work to support climate change adaptation by developing countries, and agreed on the procedures and modalities for the Adaptation Fund. They also agreed to improve the projects for clean development mechanism. COP 13/CMP 3 took place on 3–15 December 2007, at Nusa Dua , in Bali , Indonesia . Agreement on
2508-620: The carbon market and emissions cuts were delayed to the next climate conference in Glasgow. The United States, Russia, India, China, Brazil and Saudi Arabia were the main opponents of these measures. On the other side, the European Union reached an agreement about the European Green Deal that should lower its emissions to zero by 2050. Also, many commitments were made by countries, cities, businesses and international coalitions. For example,
2584-668: The centre of the Amazon jungle , in Terra do Meio . The event was attended by indigenous leaders, scientists and academics such as Eduardo Góes Neves , and activists such as Nadezhda Tolokonnikova . After the Forest COP, a follow-on event, " Amazônia Centro do Mundo " (Amazon: The Centre of the World) took place on 17 November in nearby Altamira . In November, Teresa Ribera , the Spanish Minister for
2660-561: The climate emergency are still not addressing the true scale of the crisis, one of the world's leading climate scientists has warned. Negotiations concluded on 15 December 2019, two days after the stated deadline. The results of the conference were disappointing at a time when climate action and concrete measures are considered urgent. Alden Meyer, director of strategy and policy for the Union of Concerned Scientists who has attended climate negotiations since 1991, stated that he had never seen before
2736-417: The conference. NME described the song as a "call for peace , unity, global harmony and action on climate ". The goal of the ongoing song collaboration is to celebrate human culture and put pressure on world governments to enact New Year's resolutions to resolve the climate crisis . Thousands of performers from over 100 countries have since published covers of this earth anthem , the composition of which
2812-573: The conference. One of the central issues of COP 1 was the adequacy of individual country commitments, resulting in a mandate to begin a process toward individual country action for the period beyond 2000. This included strengthening the commitments of Annex I Parties in Article 4.2(a) and (b). Delegates also established: a pilot phase for Joint Implementation projects; an agreement that the Permanent Secretariat should be located in Bonn, Germany; and
2888-410: The couple's life aboard their sailing tri-maran La Vagabonde . As of July 2023 , the channel had over 1.85 million subscribers and is the most popular sailing YouTube channel. In November 2019, they received significant media attention for sailing Greta Thunberg onboard La Vagabonde from Virginia to Lisbon for the 2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Madrid . The channel
2964-626: The differences that had produced an impasse in The Hague. However, this meeting took place after George W. Bush had become the President of the United States and had rejected the Kyoto Protocol in March 2001; as a result the United States delegation to this meeting declined to participate in the negotiations related to the Protocol and chose to take the role of observer at the meeting. As the other parties negotiated
3040-467: The diplomatic work that lays the foundation for a post-Kyoto agreement was undertaken up to the COP ;15. The conference did not achieve a binding agreement for long-term action. A 13-paragraph 'political accord' was negotiated by approximately 25 parties including US and China, but it was only 'noted' by the COP as it is considered an external document, not negotiated within the UNFCCC process. The accord
3116-463: The end of the session, as they had a right to under the session's rules. In closing the conference, the President said that he would note these objections in his final report. COP 19 was the 19th yearly session of the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the 9th session of the Meeting of the Parties (CMP) to the 1997 Kyoto Protocol (the protocol having been developed under
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3192-531: The event a special initiative on water was presided by Charafat Afailal, Morocco's Minister in Charge of Water and Aziz Mekouar, COP 22 Ambassador for Multilateral Negotiations. Another focal issue was the need to reduce greenhouse emissions and utilize low-carbon energy sources. Peter Thomson , President of the UN General Assembly, called for the transformation of the global economy in all sectors to achieve
3268-459: The final hours of COP 6, despite some compromises agreed between the United States and some EU countries, notably the United Kingdom, the EU countries as a whole, led by Denmark and Germany, rejected the compromise positions, and the talks in The Hague collapsed. Jan Pronk , the President of COP 6, suspended COP 6 without agreement, with the expectation that negotiations would later resume. It
3344-468: The greenhouse gas emissions reduction obligation, the first two non-Annex countries to do so. COP 5 took place between 25 October and 5 November 1999, in Bonn , Germany. It was primarily a technical meeting, and did not reach major conclusions. 165 Parties were represented at the conference. Conference delegates continued their work toward fulfilling the Buenos Aires Plan of Action (BAPA) adopted at COP 4. In
3420-547: The key issues, agreement was reached on most of the major political issues, to the surprise of most observers, given the low expectations that preceded the meeting. The agreements included: A number of operational details attendant upon these decisions remained to be negotiated and agreed upon, and these were the major issues considered by the COP 7 meeting that followed. At the COP 7 meeting in Marrakech , Morocco, from 29 October to 10 November 2001, negotiators wrapped up
3496-526: The last two days of the Conference, COP 5 adopted 32 draft decisions and conclusions related to the review of the implementation of commitments. Despite reaching no major conclusions, COP-5 served as an important "intermediate step" laying out the difficult path to finalizing the Kyoto Protocol at COP-6. COP 6 took place on 13–25 November 2000, in The Hague , Netherlands. Many in the international community and domestic environmental groups saw this meeting as
3572-581: The launch of the Powering Past Coal Alliance . COP 24 was held on 3–14 December 2018 in Katowice , Poland. The Polish government's vision for presidency states that the organisation of COP 24 will provide an opportunity for convincing other countries that Poland does not hamper the process of tackling dangerous climate change and that Poland is one of the leaders of this process. The Climate Change Conference of UNFCCC Subsidiary Bodies
3648-460: The lead-up to the meeting forced it late October 2019 to withdraw from hosting. Then by mutual agreement between the UN, Chile, and Spain, the latter became the new host. Various climate activists had set out from Europe to South America by sailboat, before the decision had been taken to relocate COP25 to Madrid. In mid-November, some of these activists joined an alternative conference, the "Forest COP", near
3724-511: The life of the Kyoto Protocol beyond its 2012 expiration date and negotiate deeper cuts in greenhouse-gas emissions". Canada's environment minister at the time, Stéphane Dion , said the agreement provides a "map for the future". COP 12/CMP 2 took place on 6–17 November 2006 in Nairobi , Kenya. At the meeting, BBC reporter Richard Black coined the phrase "climate tourists" to describe some delegates who attended "to see Africa, take snaps of
3800-645: The meetings were used to negotiate the Paris Agreement as part of the Durban platform , which created a general path towards climate action . Any final text of a COP must be agreed by consensus. The first UN Climate Change Conference was held in 1995 in Berlin. The first UNFCCC Conference of the Parties took place from 28 March to 7 April 1995 in Berlin , Germany. Delegates from 117 Parties and 53 Observer States attended
3876-511: The mid-1990s, to negotiate the Kyoto Protocol to establish legally binding obligations for developed countries to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions . Starting in 2005 the conferences have also served as the "Conference of the Parties Serving as the Meeting of Parties to the Kyoto Protocol" (CMP); also parties to the convention that are not parties to the protocol can participate in protocol-related meetings as observers. From 2011 to 2015,
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#17328725448573952-408: The parties also agreed to review the first national reports submitted by 110 non-Annex I countries. COP 10 took place on 6–17 December 2004. COP 10 discussed the progress made since the first Conference of the Parties 10 years ago and its future challenges, with special emphasis on climate change mitigation and adaptation. To promote developing countries better adapt to climate change,
4028-476: The parties to the Kyoto Protocol ( CMP15 ), and the second meeting of the parties to the Paris Agreement ( CMA2 ). The conference was planned to be held in Brazil in November 2019, but a year before the planned start, newly elected President Jair Bolsonaro withdrew the offer to host the event, citing economic reasons. Then Chile stepped up and became the new host, but massive protests against social inequality in
4104-400: The period post 2020. There was also progress regarding the creation of a Green Climate Fund (GCF) for which a management framework was adopted. The fund is to distribute US$ 100 billion per year to help poor countries adapt to climate impacts. While the president of the conference, Maite Nkoana-Mashabane , declared it a success, scientists and environmental groups warned that the deal
4180-571: The poorest nations cope with the effects of climate change and they approved a mechanism to incorporate forest protection into the efforts of the international community to combat climate change. Negotiations on a successor to the Kyoto Protocol were the primary focus of the conference. COP 15 took place in Copenhagen , Denmark , on 7–18 December 2009. The overall goal for the COP 15/CMP 5 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Denmark
4256-527: The process at some point and worked to achieve ratification of the Kyoto Protocol by the requisite number of countries to bring it into force (55 countries needed to ratify it, including those accounting for 55% of developed-country emissions of carbon dioxide in 1990). The date of the World Summit on Sustainable Development (August–September 2002) was put forward as a target to bring the Kyoto Protocol into force. The World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD)
4332-443: The remaining issues unresolved in Kyoto would be finalized at this meeting. However, the complexity and difficulty of finding agreement on these issues proved insurmountable, and instead the parties adopted a two-year "Buenos Aires Plan of Action" (BAPA) to advance efforts and to devise mechanisms for implementing the Kyoto Protocol, to be completed by 2000. During COP 4, Argentina and Kazakhstan expressed their commitment to take on
4408-453: The threshold for adoption was reached with over 55 countries representing at least 55% of the world's greenhouse gas emissions ratifying the Agreement. COP 22 was held in Marrakech , in the North African country of Morocco, on 7–18 November 2016. A focal issue of COP 22 is that of water scarcity , water cleanliness, and water-related sustainability , a major problem in the developing world , including many African states. Prior to
4484-432: The time frame for peaking will be longer in developing countries, since social and economic development and poverty eradication are the first and overriding priorities of developing countries . The 2011 COP 17 was held in Durban, South Africa , from 28 November to 9 December 2011. The conference agreed to a start negotiations on a legally binding deal comprising all countries, to be adopted in 2015, governing
4560-426: The use of coal-fired power stations . COP 27 was originally expected to take place in November 2021, but was moved to 2022 due to the rescheduling of COP 26 from 2020 to 2021. It took place in Sharm El Sheikh , Egypt. It led to an agreement on loss and damage , under which rich countries could compensate poor countries for damage caused by climate change. COP 28 took place at Expo City Dubai, in
4636-414: The wildlife, the poor, dying African children and women". Black also noted that due to delegates concerns over economic costs and possible losses of competitiveness, the majority of the discussions avoided any mention of reducing emissions. Black concluded that was a disconnect between the political process and the scientific imperative. Despite such criticism, certain strides were made at COP12, including in
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#17328725448574712-421: The work on the Buenos Aires Plan of Action, finalizing most of the operational details and setting the stage for nations to ratify the Kyoto Protocol. The completed package of decisions is known as the Marrakech Accords . The United States delegation maintained its observer role, declining to participate actively in the negotiations. Other parties continued to express hope that the United States would re-engage in
4788-404: The years 2008–2012, defined as the first emissions budget period. The United States would be required to reduce its total emissions an average of 7% below 1990 levels; however Congress did not ratify the treaty after Clinton signed it. The Bush administration explicitly rejected the protocol in 2001. COP 4 took place on 2–14 November 1998 in Buenos Aires , Argentina. It had been expected that
4864-422: Was an agreement adopted by the states' parties that called for the US$ 100 billion per annum " Green Climate Fund ", and a "Climate Technology Centre" and network. However the funding of the Green Climate Fund was not agreed upon. Nor was a commitment to a second period of the Kyoto Protocol agreed upon, but it was concluded that the base year shall be 1990 and the global warming potentials shall be those provided by
4940-430: Was appointed, as the new host. COP 26 was originally scheduled to take place from 9 to 19 November 2020, in Glasgow , United Kingdom, but was postponed to 31 October to 12 November 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic . Among other things, this conference led to the development of the Accelerating to Zero coalition to accelerate the phase-out of fossil fuel vehicles , and the Glasgow Climate Pact to "phase down"
5016-430: Was convened in Bonn, Germany, from 17 to 27 June 2019. The 25th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP 25) to the UNFCCC was planned to take place from 11 to 22 November 2019 in Brazil. Upon election as President of Brazil, Jair Bolsonaro withdrew Brazil from hosting the event. COP 25 was then planned to take place in Parque Bicentenario Cerrillos in Santiago de Chile, Chile from 2 to 13 December with
5092-416: Was dedicated to civil society initiatives aiming to promote social participation. This area was divided into three thematic sub-zones: one involving youth events, the second designated to indigenous peoples, and the third focused on science and innovation. The green zone was intended to be an open-dialogue pavilion for all types of civil actors, ranging from NGOs to businesses, academia and sponsors. The event
5168-462: Was founded in 2014 after Whitelum and Carausu met in Greece. The couple sustains their sailing by producing a weekly video blog on YouTube that is also funded by income from the crowdfunding web site Patreon . The series began aboard their Beneteau Cyclades sailboat. Following the success of their channel, they negotiated a discounted price with the company Outremer for the catamaran that they sailed from 2017 until 2022. Their next sailboat,
5244-400: Was held in Paris from 30 November to 12 December 2015. Negotiations resulted in the adoption of the Paris Agreement on 12 December, governing climate change reduction measures from 2020. The adoption of this agreement ended the work of the Durban platform, established during COP 17. The agreement entered into force (and thus become fully effective) on 4 November 2016. On 4 October 2016
5320-413: Was later announced that the COP 6 meetings (termed "COP 6 bis") would be resumed in Bonn , Germany, in the second half of July. The next regularly scheduled meeting of the parties to the UNFCCC, COP 7, had been set for Marrakech, Morocco , in October–November 2001. COP 6 negotiations resumed on 16–27 July 2001, in Bonn , Germany, with little progress having been made in resolving
5396-462: Was not sufficient to avoid global warming beyond 2 °C as more urgent action is needed. Qatar hosted COP 18 which took place in Doha , Qatar, from 26 November to 7 December 2012. The Conference produced a package of documents collectively titled The Doha Climate Gateway . The documents collectively contained: The conference made little progress towards the funding of the Green Climate Fund . Russia, Belarus and Ukraine objected at
5472-488: Was notable in that it referred to a collective commitment by developed countries for new and additional resources, including forestry and investments through international institutions, that will approach US$ 30 billion for the period 2010–2012. Longer-term options on climate financing mentioned in the accord are being discussed within the UN Secretary General's High Level Advisory Group on Climate Financing , which
5548-459: Was required to meet the ratification criteria and therefore Russia could delay the process. COP 9 took place on 1–12 December 2003 in Milan , Italy . The parties agreed to use the Adaptation Fund established at COP 7 in 2001 primarily in supporting developing countries better adapt to climate change. The fund would also be used for capacity-building through technology transfer. At COP 9,
5624-519: Was supported among others by Iberdrola , Endesa , Santander , Suez , Telefónica , Fundación Abertis, Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria , Acciona and Indra. Harjeet Singh, of environmental group ActionAid International, said that moving the summit from Chile to Spain with only four weeks' notice presented "real barriers to participation" for delegates from the southern hemisphere. In August 2019, youth climate change activist Greta Thunberg and her father Svante sailed from Plymouth, England across
5700-626: Was to be held in Johannesburg , South Africa. The main decisions at COP 7 included: Taking place from 23 October to 1 November 2002, in New Delhi COP ;8 adopted the Delhi Ministerial Declaration that, amongst others, called for efforts by developed countries to transfer technology and minimize the impact of climate change on developing countries. It is also approved the New Delhi work programme on Article 6 of
5776-472: Was to establish an ambitious global climate agreement for the period from 2012 when the first commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol expires. However, on 14 November 2009, the New York Times announced that "President Obama and other world leaders have decided to put off the difficult task of reaching a climate change agreement... agreeing instead to make it the mission of the Copenhagen conference to reach
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