23-489: French scientific research award [REDACTED] This article relies excessively on references to primary sources . Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources . Find sources: "CNRS Gold Medal" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( January 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) The CNRS Gold Medal
46-822: A candidate has worked extensively with one of the jury members over the past two years, or has a direct and regular relationship with him or her. In 2020, the average age at recruitment was 33.9 years for chargés de recherche (research fellows), with wide variations between sections (in the humanities and social sciences, it was 36.3 years). In 2020, the average recruitment rate was 21.3 applicants for each single open position, again with variations to this rate between sections. The most competitive sections are usually Section 2 (theoretical physics), Section 35 (literature, philosophy and philology), Section 36 (sociology and law), and Section 40 (political science). In 2023, in Section 35, there were 158 applicants for four open positions, hence
69-413: A laboratory an "assistant engineer"). Following a 1983 reform, the candidates selected have the status of civil servants and are part of the public service. All permanent support employees are recruited through annual nationwide competitive campaigns ( concours ). Separate competitives campaigns are held in each of the forty disciplinary fields covered by the institution and organized in sections. In
92-478: A numeric code attached and is typically headed by a university professor or a CNRS research director. A research unit may be subdivided into research groups ("équipes"). The CNRS also has support units, which may, for instance, supply administrative, computing, library, or engineering services. In 2016, the CNRS had 952 Joint Research Units, 32 proper research units, 135 service units, and 36 international units. The CNRS
115-705: A paper presenting the design of the research, 'La Recherche Passionnément' ( English: Research Passionately ). Joliot comes from the Curie family science dynasty. His grandparents, Marie and Pierre Curie together with Henri Becquerel won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 for their study of radioactivity. Marie also won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911. Joliot's parents, Irène Joliot-Curie and Frédéric Joliot-Curie , won
138-406: A recruitment rate of 2.53%. By comparison, Section 12 (molecular chemistry) received 33 applications for five open positions. The CNRS was created on 19 October 1939 by decree of President Albert Lebrun . Since 1954, the centre has annually awarded gold, silver, and bronze medals to French scientists and junior researchers. In 1966, the organisation underwent structural changes, which resulted in
161-586: Is a French biologist and researcher for the French National Centre for Scientific Research . A researcher there since 1956, he became a Director of Research in 1974 and a member of their scientific council in 1992. He was a scientific advisor to the French Prime Minister from 1985 to 1986 and is a member of Academia Europæa . He was made a commander of the Ordre National du Mérite ( English:
184-450: Is divided into 10 national institutes: The National Committee for Scientific Research, which is in charge of the recruitment and evaluation of researchers, is divided into 47 sections (e.g. Section 41 is mathematics, Section 7 is computer science and control, and so on). Research groups are affiliated with one primary institute and an optional secondary institute; the researchers themselves belong to one section. For administrative purposes,
207-413: Is governed by very strict, well-defined legal rules, including the sovereignty and impartiality of the jury and the rules governing conflicts of interest: candidates are strictly forbidden to have any contact with a member of the jury, and no one may put pressure on the jury in any way whatsoever. If a member of the jury belongs to the candidate's family, he or she may not sit on the jury. The same applies if
230-402: Is not a general rule (a research scientist can head a group or even a laboratory and some research directors do not head a group). Employees for support activities include research engineers, studies engineers, assistant engineers and technicians. Contrary to what the name would seem to imply, these can have administrative duties (e.g. a secretary can be "technician", an administrative manager of
253-686: Is the French state research organisation and is the largest fundamental science agency in Europe. In 2016, it employed 31,637 staff, including 11,137 tenured researchers, 13,415 engineers and technical staff, and 7,085 contractual workers. It is headquartered in Paris and has administrative offices in Brussels , Beijing , Tokyo , Singapore , Washington, D.C. , Bonn , Moscow , Tunis , Johannesburg , Santiago de Chile , Israel , and New Delhi . The CNRS operates on
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#1733084857991276-3838: Is the highest scientific research award in France. It is presented annually by the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) and was first awarded in 1954. Moreover, the CNRS Silver Medal is given to researchers for originality, quality, and importance, while the CNRS Bronze Medal recognizes initial fruitful results. Gold medal recipients [ edit ] 1954 Émile Borel – Mathematics 1955 Louis de Broglie – Physics 1956 Jacques Hadamard – Mathematics 1957 Gaston Dupouy – Physics 1958 Gaston Ramon – Immunology 1959 André Danjon – Astrophysics 1960 Raoul Blanchard – Geography 1961 Pol Bouin – Physiology 1962 Marcel Delépine – Chemistry 1963 Robert Courrier – Biology 1964 Alfred Kastler – Physics 1965 Louis Néel – Physics 1966 Paul Pascal – Chemistry 1967 Claude Lévi-Strauss – Ethnology 1968 Boris Ephrussi – Genetics 1969 Georges Chaudron – Chemistry 1970 Jacques Friedel – Physics 1971 Bernard Halpern – Immunology 1972 Jacques Oudin – Immunology 1973 André Leroi-Gourhan – Ethnology 1974 Edgar Lederer – Biochemistry 1975 Raymond Castaing – Physics, and Christiane Desroches Noblecourt – Egyptology 1976 Henri Cartan – Mathematics 1977 Charles Fehrenbach – Astronomy 1978 Maurice Allais – Economics, and Pierre Jacquinot – Physics 1979 Pierre Chambon – Biology 1980 Pierre-Gilles De Gennes – Physics 1981 Jean-Marie Lehn – Chemistry, and Roland Martin – Archaeology 1982 Pierre Joliot – Biochemistry 1983 Evry Schatzman – Astrophysics 1984 Jean Brossel – Physics, and Jean-Pierre Vernant – History 1985 Piotr Slonimski – Genetics 1986 Nicole Le Douarin – Embryology 1987 Georges Canguilhem – Philosophy, and Jean-Pierre Serre – Mathematics 1988 Philippe Nozieres – Physics 1989 Michel Jouvet – Biology 1990 Marc Julia – Chemistry 1991 Jacques Le Goff – History 1992 Jean-Pierre Changeux – Neurobiology 1993 Pierre Bourdieu – Sociology 1994 Claude Allègre – Geophysics 1995 Claude Hagège – Linguistics 1996 Claude Cohen-Tannoudji – Physics 1997 Jean Rouxel – Chemistry 1998 Pierre Potier – Chemistry 1999 Jean-Claude Risset – Computer-Music 2000 Michel Lazdunski – Biochemistry 2001 Maurice Godelier – Anthropology 2002 Claude Lorius – Climatology, and Jean Jouzel – Climatology 2003 Albert Fert – Physics 2004 Alain Connes – Mathematics 2005 Alain Aspect – Physics 2006 Jacques Stern – Computer-Sciences 2007 Jean Tirole – Economics 2008 Jean Weissenbach – Genetics 2009 Serge Haroche – Physics 2010 Gérard Férey – Chemistry 2011 Jules A. Hoffmann – Biology 2012 Philippe Descola – Anthropology 2013 Margaret Buckingham – Developmental Biology 2014 Gérard Berry – Computer-Sciences 2015 Éric Karsenti – Biology 2016 Claire Voisin – Mathematics 2017 Alain Brillet – Physics, and Thibault Damour – Physics 2018 Barbara Cassin – Philosophy 2019 Thomas Ebbesen – Physical chemistry 2020 Françoise Combes – Astrophysics 2021 Jean Dalibard – Physics 2022 Jean-Marie Tarascon – Chemistry 2023 Sandra Lavorel – Ecology 2024 Edith Heard – Biology Notes [ edit ] ^ The CNRS web pages list gold medal winners since 1954, but silver and bronze medal winners only since 2000. However, bestowals for
299-601: The 2023 assessment report of the HCERES. Alain Fuchs was appointed president on 20 January 2010. His position combined the previous positions of president and director general. Several of the French Nobel Prize winners were employed by the CNRS, particularly at the start of their careers, and most worked in university laboratories associated with the CNRS. Pierre Joliot Pierre Adrien Joliot-Curie (born 12 March 1932)
322-449: The CNRS 2020 Gold Medal" . CNRS News . Retrieved 2020-09-10 . ^ "The astrophysicist Françoise Combes receives the CNRS 2020 Gold Medal" . CNRS News . Retrieved 2021-12-11 . ^ "Sandra Lavorel | CNRS" . www.cnrs.fr (in French). 2023-09-21 . Retrieved 2023-10-19 . External links [ edit ] [REDACTED] Media related to Laureates of
345-1106: The CNRS Gold medal at Wikimedia Commons Official website Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CNRS_Gold_Medal&oldid=1248791335 " Categories : Awards established in 1954 French National Centre for Scientific Research awards 1954 establishments in France Hidden categories: CS1 French-language sources (fr) Webarchive template wayback links Articles with short description Short description matches Wikidata Articles lacking reliable references from January 2015 All articles lacking reliable references Commons category link from Wikidata Official website different in Wikidata and Misplaced Pages French National Centre for Scientific Research The French National Centre for Scientific Research (French: Centre national de la recherche scientifique , pronounced [sɑ̃tʁ nasjɔnal də la ʁəʃɛʁʃ sjɑ̃tifik] , CNRS )
368-473: The CNRS is divided into 18 regional divisions (including four for the Paris region). Researchers who are permanent employees of the CNRS, equivalent to lifelong research fellows in English-speaking countries, are classified in two categories, each subdivided into two or three classes, and each class is divided into several pay grades. In principle, research directors tend to head research groups, but this
391-701: The National Order of Merit ) in 1982 and of the Légion d'honneur ( English: Legion of Honor ) in 1984. Pierre Joliot held the Chair of Cellular Bioenergetics (1981–2002) at the Collège de France and is now emeritus professor. He is also a member of the Academy of Science of France . He won the Prize «Lombardia è Ricerca» 2021 and the Prize «Lombardia è Ricerca» 2019. In 2002, he published
414-422: The basis of research units, which are of two kinds: "proper units" (UPRs) are operated solely by the CNRS, and Joint Research Units (UMRs – French: Unité mixte de recherche ) are run in association with other institutions, such as universities or INSERM . Members of Joint Research Units may be either CNRS researchers or university employees ( maîtres de conférences or professeurs ). Each research unit has
437-420: The context of the competition, the section is made up of an eligibility jury, which reads the application files, selects some for the orals, holds the orals, and draws up a ranked list of potential candidates, submitted to the admission jury, which validates (or not) this ranking; the admission jury can make adjustments within this list. At the end of the admissions jury, the results are announced. The competition
460-718: The creation of two specialised institutes: the National Astronomy and Geophysics Institute in 1967 (which became the National Institute of Sciences of the Universe in 1985) and the Institut national de physique nucléaire et de physique des particules (IN2P3; English: National Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics) in 1971. The effectiveness of the recruitment, compensation, career management, and evaluation procedures of CNRS have been under scrutiny. Governmental projects include
483-400: The latter are reported as early as 1958 and 1969, e.g. to Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat and Évariste Sanchez-Palencia , respectively. References [ edit ] ^ "Gérard Berry, médaille d'or 2014 du CNRS" (in French). CNRS. 2014-09-24 . Retrieved 2019-08-18 . ^ "Biologist Eric Karsenti is awarded the 2015 CNRS Gold Medal" . CNRS. 2015-09-23. Archived from
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#1733084857991506-564: The original on 2018-05-26 . Retrieved 2019-08-18 . Archive index at the Wayback Machine ^ "Two CNRS 2017 Gold Medals awarded to physicists Alain Brillet and Thibault Damour" . CNRS . 2017-09-27 . Retrieved 2019-08-18 . ^ "Thomas Ebbesen, physical chemist, awarded the CNRS Gold Medal for 2019" . CNRS . 2019-07-09 . Retrieved 2019-09-28 . ^ "The astrophysicist Françoise Combes receives
529-572: The transformation of the CNRS into an organization allocating support to research projects on an ad hoc basis and the reallocation of CNRS researchers to universities. Another controversial plan advanced by the government involves breaking up the CNRS into six separate institutes. These modifications, which were again proposed in 2021 by think tanks such as the Institut Montaigne, have been massively rejected by French scientists, leading to multiple protests. Important reforms were also recommended in
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