A means test is a determination of whether an individual or family is eligible for government benefits, assistance or welfare , based upon whether the individual or family possesses the means to do with less or none of that help.
33-1042: CGHS may refer to: Central Government Health Scheme Cooperative Group Housing Society CGHS model Schools in: Bangladesh Chittagong Government High School India Calcutta Girls' High School New Zealand Christchurch Girls' High School Taiwan (Republic of China) Cheng Kung Senior High School (Taipei) United States Cottage Grove High School in Cottage Grove, Oregon Center Grove High School in Greenwood, Indiana Coral Glades High School in Coral Springs, Florida Cardinal Gibbons High School (Fort Lauderdale, Florida) Cardinal Gibbons High School (Raleigh, North Carolina) Coral Gables Senior High School in Coral Gables, Florida (Miami area) Topics referred to by
66-444: A beneficiary can avail medical treatment at any PM-JAY empanelled hospital outside their state and anywhere in the country; providing access to free COVID-19 testing . In India, rather than focusing on strengthening essential primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare in the public system, a shift toward an insurance-based system has been promoted. Chronic underfunding of India's public health sector compared to private sector, and
99-422: A married couple . The main means-tested benefits in 2019 were: Receipt of such benefits other than Housing Benefit and tax credits is a passport to other non-cash help such as free school meals , free prescription charges , Legal Aid , cold weather payment . The claimant, their partner and dependent children are covered. The rules for free NHS dentistry and optical charges have become more complex since
132-548: A means test was among the factors giving rise to the National Unemployed Workers' Movement in the United Kingdom . Today, means-tested benefits —meaning that entitlement is affected by the amount of income, savings, capital and assets— is a central feature of the benefit system. Means testing is also part of the determination of legal aid in a magistrates court and for the higher Crown Court . The means test
165-503: A modern national system. While Ayushman Bharat Yojana seeks to provide excellent healthcare, India still has some basic healthcare challenges including relatively few doctors, more cases of infectious disease, and a national budget with a comparatively low central government investment in health care. Some of the problems lay outside the Health Ministry such as urban development or transport. While many government hospitals have joined
198-517: A portion of their debts, but may not use Chapter 7 to wipe out their debts altogether. The bankruptcy means test is complex and the terms that govern many parts of it – including those terms that control whether it applies at all – are of unsettled definition. Other examples of means testing include Medifund in Singapore and medical cards in Ireland. Both are used in the healthcare sector. Australia uses
231-492: A similar way, Kerala , despite having its own health program agreed to begin using Ayushman Bharat Yojana from November 2019. West Bengal initially joined the program but then opted out in favor of establishing their own regional health programme. Telangana did the same. By January 2020, Odisha had not joined the scheme. In March 2020, Delhi announced that it would join the program. In May 2020, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said in his radio show Mann Ki Baat that
264-584: Is a national public health insurance scheme of the Government of India that aims to provide free access to health insurance coverage for low income earners in the country. Roughly, the bottom 50% of the country qualifies for this scheme. People using the program access their own primary care services from a family doctor and when anyone needs additional care, PM-JAY provides free secondary health care for those needing specialist treatment and tertiary health care for those requiring hospitalization. The programme
297-460: Is based on income, family circumstances and essential living costs. The Beveridge Report of 1942 proposed a system of contributory benefits which would leave only a residual role for means-tested benefits which were then called National Assistance . The income limits are specified in relation to the needs of a household and for savings there are upper limits for some of the benefits. A couple who are not married may be treated as living together as
330-422: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Central Government Health Scheme Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana ( PM-JAY ; lit. ' Prime Minister's People's Health Scheme ' , Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY lit. ' Live Long India Prime Minister's People's Health Scheme ' ), also colloquially known as Modicare ,
363-651: Is part of the Indian government's National Health Policy and is means-tested . It was launched in September 2018 by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare . That ministry later established the National Health Authority as an organization to administer the program. It is a centrally sponsored scheme and is jointly funded by both the union government and the states. By offering services to 50 crore (500 million) people it
SECTION 10
#1733085370047396-426: Is referred to as the "means test". The means test provides for a finding of abuse if the debtor's income is higher than a specified portion of their debts. If a presumption of abuse is found under the means test, it may be rebutted only in the case of "special circumstances". Debtors whose income is below the state's median income are not subject to the means test. The Code-calculated income may be higher or lower than
429-551: Is the world's largest government sponsored healthcare program. The program is a means-tested program, considering its users are people categorized as low income in India . In 2017 an Indian version of the Global Burden of Disease Study reported major diseases and risk factors from 1990 to 2016 for every state in India. This study brought a lot of interest in government health policy because it identified major health challenges which
462-581: The Canada Health Act of 1984 requires that all the provinces provide universal healthcare coverage to be eligible for subsidies from the federal government. Means tests are also not used for pensions and seniors' benefits, but there is a clawback of Old Age Security payments for people making over $ 69,562 (in 2012). The Last Post Fund uses a means test on a deceased veteran's estate and surviving widow to determine whether they are eligible for federal funding to subsidize their funeral. Resentment over
495-599: The 1960s, for benefits such as those provided by Medicaid and the Food Stamp Program. In 1992, third-party presidential candidate Ross Perot proposed that future Social Security benefits be subjected to a means test; though this was hailed by some as a potential solution to a purported impending crisis in funding the program, few other political candidates since Perot have publicly made the same suggestion, which would require costly investigations and might associate accepting those benefits with social stigma . In 2005,
528-576: The Ayushman Bharat scheme had recently benefited more than one crore people. By May 2020, the scheme had provided more than 1 crore treatments with a value of ₹13,412 crore. The number of public and private hospitals empanelled nationwide stands at 24,432. The Ayushman Bharat Yojana programme announced a special collaboration with the Employees' State Insurance programme in November 2019. From June 2020,
561-868: The Scheme. Initial analysis of high-value claims under PM-JAY has revealed that a relatively small number of districts and hospitals account for a high number of these, and some hint of an anti-women bias, with male patients getting more coverage. Despite all efforts to curb foul-play, the risk of unscrupulous private entities profiteering from gaming the system is clearly present in PM-JAY. Means-tested In Canada, means tests are used for student finance (for post-secondary education ), legal aid , and " welfare " (direct transfer payments to individuals to combat poverty). They are not generally used for primary and secondary education which are tax-funded. Means tests for public health insurance were once common but are now illegal, as
594-522: The US substantially changed its bankruptcy laws , adding a means test to prevent wealthy debtors from filing for Chapter 7 Bankruptcy. The most noteworthy change brought by the 2005 BAPCPA amendments occurred within 11 U.S.C. § 707(b) . The amendments effectively subject most debtors who make an income, as calculated by the Code, above the median income of the debtor's state to an income-based test. This
627-485: The birthday of Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya . In June 2018 the applications opened for hospitals through an "empanelment process". In July 2018, the Ayushman Bharat Yojana recommended that people access benefits through Aadhaar , but also said that there was a process for people to access without that identity card. AB PM-JAY was first launched on 23 September 2018 at Ranchi , Jharkhand . By 26 December 2020
660-439: The debtor's actual income at the time of filing for bankruptcy. This has led some commentators to refer to the bankruptcy code's "current monthly income" as "presumed income". If the debtor's debt is not primarily consumer debt , then the means test is inapplicable. Thus, the means test is a formula designed to keep filers with higher incomes from filing for Chapter 7 bankruptcy. These filers may use Chapter 13 bankruptcy to repay
693-626: The eligibility for relief for debtors who have sufficient financial means to pay a portion of their debts. The means test is perhaps best recognized in the United States as the test used by courts to determine eligibility for Title 11 of the United States Code Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 bankruptcy . During the Great Depression in the 1930s, the test was used to screen applicants for such programs as Home Relief , and starting in
SECTION 20
#1733085370047726-543: The extra expenses. The revenue of government hospitals has increased due to the Ayushman scheme, patients are receiving better facilities. Previously patients hesitant to visit government hospitals due to the lack of healthcare amenities, people now flock to these hospitals as they trust them for treatment under the Ayushman scheme. India's 28 states and 8 union territories each make their own choice about whether to participate in Ayushman Bharat Yojana. In February 2018, when
759-517: The government could address. A large percentage of the population is left underserved by the Indian health system, which relies on out-of-pocket payments from patients to fund care. These payments hinder a lot of patients from being able to receive healthcare services. In 2018 the Indian government described that every year, more than six crores Indians were pushed into poverty because of out of pocket medical expenses. Despite various available regional and national programs for healthcare in India , there
792-462: The hospital or doctor's office; using criteria from the Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011 to determine eligibility for benefits; no restriction on family size, age or gender; all pre-existing medical conditions are covered under the scheme; it covers 3 days of pre-hospitalisation and 15 days of post-hospitalisation, including diagnostic care and expenses on medicines; the scheme is portable and
825-682: The introduction of Universal Credit and have led to many people facing financial penalties, often wrongly. People who are not entitled to any of the qualifying benefits may be able to qualify for help with health charges by a separate means test, the NHS Low Income Scheme . Defunct benefits include: Means testing is used to test for eligibility to Medicaid , Temporary Assistance for Needy Families , Section 8 housing , Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program , Pell Grant , Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant , Federal Work-Study Program , direct subsidized student loans, as well as
858-429: The liberalization of the market for private health insurance by the Indian government in the late 1990s resulted in increased health disparities, as private health insurance is only affordable for higher class, richer communities. In the mid 2000s, government-funded health insurance emerged as a new type of healthcare financing, helping individuals prevent catastrophic out-of-pocket health expenditures. Through this model,
891-422: The program had entered a pilot to cover 120,000 workers with that insurance at 15 hospitals. When Ayushman Bharat Yojana (Ayushman Card) began there were questions of how to reconcile its plans with other existing health development recommendations, such as from NITI Aayog . A major challenge of implementing a national health care scheme would be starting with infrastructure in need of development to be part of
924-540: The program was announced 20 states committed to join. In September 2018, shortly after launch some states and territories declined to participate in the program. Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu initially declined to join because they each had their own state healthcare programmes. Those programs, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Jan Arogya Yojana and the programme for Tamil Nadu, were already functioning well. These states later both joined Ayushman Bharat Yojana with special exceptions to make it part of their existing infrastructure. In
957-787: The program, many private corporate hospitals have not. The private hospitals report that they would be unable to offer their special services at the government low price, even with a government subsidy. There has been misuse of the Ayushman Bharat scheme by private hospitals through submission of fake medical bills. Under the Scheme, surgeries have been claimed to be performed on persons who had been discharged long ago and dialysis has been shown as performed at hospitals not having kidney transplant facility. There are at least 697 fake cases in Uttarakhand State alone, where fine of ₹ 1 crore (equivalent to ₹ 1.1 crore or US$ 130,000 in 2023) has been imposed on hospitals for frauds under
990-405: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title CGHS . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CGHS&oldid=1109954756 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
1023-547: The scheme was extended to the Union Territories of Jammu Kashmir and Ladakh. The program has been called "ambitious". Features of PM-JAY include the following— providing health coverage to 10 crores households or 50 crores Indians; providing a cover of ₹ 5 lakh (equivalent to ₹ 5.6 lakh or US$ 6,700 in 2023) per family per year for medical treatment in empaneled hospitals, both public and private; offering cashless payment and paperless recordkeeping through
CGHS - Misplaced Pages Continue
1056-581: The state would pay premiums to private insurers that would allow eligible individuals to receive free treatment at any public or private institution that has joined the PMJAY scheme. The Indian government recognized that individual out-of-pocket expenditures were pushing people into poverty and treatment in government hospitals could not protect people against catastrophic health expenditures. The alternative of government-funded health insurance allows poorer individuals to still be able to access private health care without
1089-518: Was much more to be done. The Indian government first announced the Ayushman Bharat Yojana as a universal health care plan in February 2018 in the 2018 Union budget of India . The Union Council of Ministers approved it in March. In his 2018 Independence Day speech Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced that India would have a major national health program later that year on 25 September, also commemorating
#46953