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California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection

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The California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection ( CAL FIRE ) is the fire department of the California Natural Resources Agency in the U.S. state of California . It is responsible for fire protection in various areas under state responsibility totaling 31 million acres, as well as the administration of the state's private and public forests . In addition, the department provides varied emergency services in 36 of the state's 58 counties via contracts with local governments. The department's current director is Joe Tyler, who was appointed March 4, 2022, by Governor of California Gavin Newsom .

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66-608: CAL FIRE's foremost operational role is to fight and prevent wildfire on 31 million acres of state forestland. The organization works in both suppression and prevention capacities on state land, and offers emergency services of various kinds in 36 out of California's 58 counties, through contracts with local governments. The organization also assists in response to a wide range of disasters and incidents, including earthquakes, water rescues, and hazardous material spills. The organization manages eight Demonstration State Forests for timber production, recreation, and research. In conjunction with

132-451: A 5,100-foot (1,600 m) runway. Perris has drawn a crowd of skydivers , amateur and professional, to Perris Valley Skydiving. The area's sudden fame gave Perris the nickname: "the skydiving capital of America". On April 22, 1992, a de Havilland Twin Otter crashed during takeoff at Perris Valley after an engine lost power. The National Transportation Safety Board determined that the accident

198-521: A CAL FIRE S-2T air tanker crashed while fighting the Dog Rock Fire in Yosemite National Park . The pilot was killed. CAL FIRE uses several enterprise IT systems to manage operations. Altaris CAD, a computer-assisted dispatch system made by Northrop Grumman , is employed by each unit's emergency command center (ECC) to track available resources and assignments. This is made possible through

264-766: A foundation for local agencies to build on as they strive to meet their specific goals. There are two CAL FIRE training centers. The original academy is the CAL FIRE Training Center in Ione , east of Sacramento. The second academy is at the Ben Clark Training Center in Riverside . Both centers host the Fire Fighter Academy (FFA). All CAL FIRE Fire Protection employees go through this academy once they become permanent employees. The Company Officer Academy (COA)

330-537: A land title dispute at Pinacate , most of its citizens moved two miles north on the railroad and established Perris in 1885. The city is named in honor of Fred T. Perris , chief engineer of the California Southern Railroad . The city of Perris was incorporated in 1911. It originally was within San Diego County but, in 1892, it was transferred to the newly established Riverside County . In 2005,

396-493: A population of 78,700 as of the 2020 census. Native Americans inhabited the hills. Things changed when Spanish and Mexican miners entered the area. The coming of the California Southern Railroad led to the founding of the city around the new depot, on the rail connection between the present-day cities of Barstow and San Diego . The Perris Depot is included in the Library of Congress’ Historic American Buildings Survey . Due to

462-453: A special tactical academy to become a member of the "Teams." The "Teams" take their name from the Navy SEAL program, as they are so elite and secretive. Members of these teams are kept confidential for safety and security reasons, as their nature is to conduct investigations in locating violent fugitives and executing their apprehension on a timely basis. FAT shares a sentimental affiliation with

528-538: A variety of community correctional facilities and camps, and monitors all parolees during their entry back into society. According to the Department's official Web site, "Currently there are 33 adult correctional institutions , 13 adult community correctional facilities, and eight juvenile facilities in California that house more than 165,000 adult offenders and nearly 3,200 juvenile offenders." This inmate population makes

594-488: A young convict volunteers for the Conservation Camp Program and assists Cal Fire. [REDACTED] Media related to California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection at Wikimedia Commons California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation The California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation ( CDCR ) is the penal law enforcement agency of the government of California responsible for

660-832: Is also associated with the California Professional Firefighters (CPF) and the International Association of Firefighters (IAFF). Operational units are organizations designed to address fire suppression over a geographic area. They vary widely in size and terrain . For example, Lassen-Modoc-Plumas Operational Unit encompasses three rural counties and consists of eight fire stations, one Helitack Base, three conservation camps and an inmate firefighter training center. Fire suppression resources include 13 front-line fire engines, 1 helicopter, 3 bulldozers and 14 inmate fire crews. The unit shares an interagency emergency command center with federal agencies including

726-490: Is land and 0.11 square miles (0.28 km ) of it (0.35%) is water. Perris has a Mediterranean climate, with long, hot summers and short, mild winters. The climate in this area is described by the Köppen Climate Classification System as "dry-summer subtropical" often referred to as "Mediterranean" and abbreviated as Csa . At the 2010 census Perris had a population of 68,386. The population density

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792-685: Is only held in Ione. All new company officers (Engineer, Captain, Forester I, etc.) attend this academy. The uniformed executive staff of CAL FIRE includes the following individuals. As of 2017, median pay for full time firefighters (which includes base pay, special pay, overtime and benefits) is $ 148,000. Firefighters employed by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection are represented by IAFF affiliate, CAL FIRE Local 2881, which represents 5,700 members within CAL FIRE Local 2881 and

858-673: Is planning to acquire up to 12 of these rotorcraft to replace the aging Bell UH-1H Super Huey fleet. From the 13 air attack and ten 10 helitack bases located statewide, aircraft can reach most fires within 20 minutes. Aircraft are a prominent feature of CAL FIRE, especially during the summer fire season. Both fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft are employed. Helicopters (also known as rotorcraft or rotary wing aircraft) are used to transport firefighting "Helitack Crews" into fire areas. They also drop water and retardant chemicals on fires. Fixed-wing aircraft are used for command , observation, and to drop retardant chemicals on fires. CAL FIRE contracted in

924-646: Is the Fugitive Apprehension Team or FAT which is made up of just over eighty agents who are assigned to offices throughout the state. FAT agents are criminal investigators and are teamed with the Warrants Unit of the United States Marshals Service (USMS) in locating and apprehending individuals wanted for high-violence offenses, whether under the jurisdiction of CDCR or local agencies. FAT agents have full-time peace officer powers throughout

990-594: The 60th Assembly District , represented by Democrat Corey Jackson . In the United States House of Representatives , Perris is in California's 39th congressional district , represented by Democrat Mark Takano . The city is served by several school districts. In portions, they are: Perris High School of the Perris high school district is the city's first public (grades 9–12) school. Established in 1887,

1056-734: The California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation , CAL FIRE uses thousands of incarcerated firefighters at 44 conservation camps throughout the state on fire prevention, fire suppression, and various maintenance and conservation projects. CAL FIRE works with employees of the California Conservation Corps since that agency's creation in a partnership for fire suppression duties, logistics and forestry management. CCC members are involved in job training programs as Type 1 Hand Crew firefighters, supervised by CAL FIRE personnel, in increasing prevalence to offset CDCR inmates as

1122-632: The California Institution for Women housed the death row for women. In August 2003 Juan Catalan was arrested for the murder of Martha Puebla in Los Angeles County, California . Catalan was sentenced to death after a witness stated that he looked like the killer. Catalan turned out to be innocent; the TV show Curb Your Enthusiasm contained footage which showed him seated at a Los Angeles Dodgers baseball game, thus exonerating him. According to

1188-624: The California recall election, 2003 , the CCPOA has been a vocal critic of Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger. In June 2008, the union came under investigation from both the California Office of the Inspector General and the CDCR for its role in the hiring of a 21-year-old parolee by Minorities In Law Enforcement , an affiliate of CCPOA. Upon conclusion of investigations by both agencies, no wrongdoing

1254-644: The Inland Empire and communities in the metropolitan Palm Springs area. The area includes forested mountains, the Colorado River basin, the Mojave Desert and Interstate 10 . The counties of Marin (MRN), Kern (KRN), Santa Barbara (SBC), Ventura (VNC), Los Angeles (LAC) and Orange (ORC) are paid by CAL FIRE to provide fire protection to state responsibility areas within those counties rather than CAL FIRE providing direct fire protection, and are commonly known as

1320-655: The National Archives and Records Administration opened the National Archives at Riverside, which is its regional branch for federal documents relating to the Pacific Region (Arizona, southern California, and Clark County, Nevada) in Perris. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 31.68 square miles (82.1 km ), of which, 31.57 square miles (81.8 km ) of it

1386-573: The Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST) minimum requirement course. Upon completion of the academy, cadets are sworn in as CDCR peace officers. Upon assignment to their work institution or location, these officers also undergo further training for two years as vocational apprentices (one year of which is spent on probation). Upon completion of their two-year training they are then considered regular state correctional peace officers (CDCR officers) An elite and low-profile unit within CDCR

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1452-644: The Plata and Coleman courts granted the plaintiff's motions and recommended that the cases be assigned to the same three-judge court. The Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit agreed and, on July 26, 2007, convened the instant three-judge district court pursuant to 28 U.S.C.   § 2284 . As of 2008–09 fiscal year, the state of California spent approximately $ 16,000 per inmate per year on prison health care. This amount

1518-557: The US Forest Service , National Park Service , and the Bureau of Land Management . An interagency center contributes to economies of scale, supports cooperation, and lends itself to a more seamless operation. The area has fragmented jurisdictions across a large rural area along the Nevada and Oregon state lines. Riverside Operational Unit by itself is one of the largest fire departments in

1584-685: The West Coast of the United States . The Southern California Fair has been held at the Lake Perris Fairgrounds since 1987. The Farmer Boys restaurant chain, which has many locations throughout the Inland Empire , was started in Perris in 1981. Rock Castle house is set on a hill above town. In the California State Legislature , Perris is in the 31st Senate District , represented by Democrat Richard Roth , and in

1650-457: The "Contract Counties". Lawmakers in Sacramento have mandated that every operational unit develop and implement an annual fire management plan. The plan will develop cooperation and community programs to reduce damage from, and costs of, fires in California. One metric used by fire suppression units is initial attack success: fires stopped by the initial resources, (equipment and people,) sent to

1716-530: The CAL FIRE Web site under Mobile Equipment. CAL FIRE owns its own fleet of air tankers, tactical aircraft and helicopters, which are managed under the Aviation Management Program. Additional aviation resources are leased by the department when needed. All of the fixed wing aircraft, while owned by CAL FIRE, are piloted and maintained by DynCorp International. The CAL FIRE Air Program is one of

1782-483: The CDCR the largest state-run prison system in the United States. Regarding adult prisons, CDCR has the task of receiving and housing inmates that were convicted of felony crimes within the State of California. Adult inmates arriving at a state prison are assigned a classification based on the offense committed. Each prison is designed to house different varieties of inmate offenders, from Level I inmates to Level IV inmates;

1848-468: The California prison system. Plata v. Brown is a federal class action civil rights lawsuit alleging unconstitutionally inadequate medical services, and as a result of a stipulation between the plaintiffs and the state, the court issued an injunction requiring defendants to provide "only the minimum level of medical care required under the Eighth Amendment." However, three years after approving

1914-513: The Department of Corrections to create fugitive teams to locate and bring to justice parole violators, the most violent offenders of modern times. In addition to correctional officers, CDCR employs a small group of criminal investigators who are assigned to offices throughout the state. These investigators are part of an elite unit known as the Special Service Unit or simply SSU. There are at multiple ongoing lawsuits over medical care in

1980-403: The Department's official Web site, "there are more than 148,000 adult parolees and 3,800 juvenile parolees supervised by the CDCR." A 2002 article found that "California's growth in the numbers of people on parole supervision—and in the numbers whose parole has been revoked—has far exceeded the growth in the rest of the nation." California accounted for 12 percent of the U.S. population but 18% of

2046-556: The Model 14, and 15. CAL FIRE Models 24 and 25 were test-bed models, with only a few of each model fielded. The newest versions of these engines are CAL FIRE model 34 (4WD) and 35 (2WD), manufactured by Placer Fire Equipment , Rosenbauer , and HME . Model 34/35's are currently being fielded statewide. As of 2009 Model 35's have been discontinued and Model 34's from BME Apparatus are the new standard. Fact sheets on all of CAL FIRE's current-service Type 3 (wildland) engine models can be found on

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2112-549: The Office of Correctional Safety (OCS) are peace officers per California Penal Code 830.2 whether assigned to the Special Service Unit (Special Agents), the Fugitive Apprehension Team (Special Agents, PAI, II & IIIs), or other entity of OCS, which serves are the special operations division of the department. OCS Agents are classified as full time peace officers. CDCR Peace Officers are trained to become Sworn Peace Officers of

2178-671: The Riverside County Fire Department through a cooperative agreement with CAL FIRE . The CAL FIRE/Riverside County Fire Department headquarters is located in Perris. The California State Parks have a dispatch center located in the city as well – Southern Communications Center (SURCOM). Communications Centers operate multi-frequency/channel radio systems, law enforcement telecommunications systems (CLETS), computer terminals, and associated equipment to dispatch law enforcement/emergency response units and coordinate services with field personnel and other agencies. In June 2016,

2244-601: The State of California at the Basic Correctional Peace Officer Academy located in Galt, California . Cadets must complete a 13-week formal and comprehensive training program. The curriculum consists of 640 hours (four months) of training. Instruction includes but is not limited to firearms, chemical agents, non-lethal impact weapons, arrest and control techniques, state law, penal codes and department policies and procedures. Cadets must also successfully complete

2310-529: The U.S. parole population, and almost 90,000 California parolees returned to prison in 2000. At San Quentin, the non-profit organization California Reentry Program "helps inmates re-enter society after they serve their sentences." Correctional Officers and Parole Agents are sworn Peace Officers per California Penal code sections 830.5 , as their primary duties are to provide public safety and correctional services in and outside of state prison grounds, state-operated medical facilities, and camps while engaged in

2376-533: The United States Constitution , and issued an order for injunctive relief requiring defendants to develop plans to remedy the constitutional violations under the supervision of a special master . Following the Governor's issuance of the State of Emergency Proclamation, the plaintiffs in Plata and Coleman filed motions to convene a three-judge court to limit the prison population. On July 23, 2007, both

2442-464: The age of 18 living with them, 58.2% were married couples living together, 18.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 15.9% were non-families. 12.2% of households were one person and 4.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.7 and the average family size was 4.0. The age distribution was 39.6% under the age of 18, 9.9% from 18 to 24, 30.8% from 25 to 44, 13.5% from 45 to 64, and 6.2% 65 or older. The median age

2508-605: The area of one or more counties. Operational units are grouped under either the North Region or South Region. The Office of the State Fire Marshal (OSFM) is the CAL FIRE program that protects life and property through the development and application of fire prevention, engineering, training and education, and enforcement. As part of this mission, OSFM establishes a fire-safe environment for the people of California, which serves as

2574-584: The department are represented by the California Correctional Peace Officers Association (the CCPOA). It was founded in 1957 and its stated goals include the protection and safety of officers, and the advocation of laws, funding and policies to improve work operations and protect public safety. The union has had its controversies over the years, including criticism of its large contributions to former California Governor Gray Davis. Since

2640-432: The department has activated thirty-one prisons across the state. CDCR's history dates back to 1912, when the agency was called California State Detentions Bureau. In 1951 it was renamed California Department of Corrections. In 2004 it was renamed California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. In 2018-2019 it cost an average of $ 81,203 to house an inmate for one year. CDCR operates all state institutions, oversees

2706-770: The higher the level, the higher risk the inmate poses. Selected prisons within the state are equipped with security housing units, reception centers, and/or "condemned" units. These security levels are defined as follows: Death Row Condemned male prisoners are held at San Quentin State Prison . Condemned female prisoners are held at the Central California Women's Facility . Executions take place at San Quentin. The State of California took full control of capital punishment in 1891. Originally, executions took place at San Quentin and at Folsom State Prison . Folsom's last execution occurred on December 3, 1937. In previous eras

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2772-688: The historic California State Rangers, who were created in May 1853 by a California Legislative Act and organized by Captain Harry Love, to apprehend dangerous offenders of the time. In August 1853, after having fulfilled their purpose, the Rangers were mustered out of service. The affiliation that FAT shares, although remotely, is that in July 1996 the California State Legislature enacted specific funds earmarked via

2838-466: The incarcerated firefighter program is closed. Programs to control wood boring insects and diseases of trees are under forestry programs managed by CAL FIRE. The vehicle fleet is managed from an office in Davis, California . The largest and most visible part of CAL FIRE operations is fire protection. Operations are divided into 21 operational units, which geographically follow county lines. Each unit consists of

2904-446: The incident. CAL FIRE uses various apparatus to accomplish their daily responses. Engines fall under two categories, either being state-owned — mostly wildland, or city/county owned, which CAL FIRE operates under contract. For the wildland portion, most engines are manufactured with West-Mark or Westates (now American Truck & Fire Apparatus) bodies on an International chassis. Commonly seen models of wildland engines include

2970-585: The largest non-military air programs in the country, consisting of 23 Grumman S-2 Tracker (S-2T version) 1,200 gallon fixed wing turboprop air tankers, seven Lockheed-Martin C-130H Hercules 4,000 gallon fixed-wing turboprop air tankers (in service in 2025), 14 North American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco fixed wing turboprop air tactical aircraft and 12 Bell UH-1H Super Huey helicopters. CAL FIRE has also now begun operating new Sikorsky S-70i Firehawk helicopters for aerial firefighting support including water drops and

3036-608: The nation, with 95 fire stations and about 230 pieces of equipment. The Riverside Operational Unit operates the Riverside County Fire Department under contract as well operates eighteen city fire departments and one community services district fire department. Nine of these stations belong to the state, with rest owned by the respective local government entity. The unit operates its own emergency command center in Perris . Terrain served includes urban and suburban areas of

3102-399: The occupied units 10,854 (66.3%) were owner-occupied and 5,511 (33.7%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 5.5%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.8%. 44,695 people (65.4% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 23,451 people (34.3%) lived in rental housing units. According to the 2010 United States Census, Perris had a median household income of $ 46,435, with 28.2% of

3168-741: The operation of the California state prison and parole systems. Its headquarters are in Sacramento . CDCR is the 3rd largest law enforcement agency in the United States behind the U.S. Customs and Border Protection and the New York City Police Department , which employ approximately 66,000 federal officers and 42,000 police officers respectively. CDCR correctional officers are sworn law enforcement officers with peace officer powers. As of 2013, CDCR employed approximately 24,000 peace officers (state correctional officers), 1,800 state parole agents, and 150 criminal investigators. Jeff Macomber

3234-450: The past with 10 Tanker Air Carrier for three years' of exclusive use of their McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10 heavy air tanker known as Tanker 910 for aerial firefighting at a cost of $ 5 million per year. Additional access was also provided to DC-10-30 air tankers, being Tanker 911 and Tanker 912. In 2014 Tanker 910 was retired; however, 10 Tanker Air Carrier continues to currently operate several DC-10-30 air tankers. On October 7, 2014,

3300-639: The performance of their duties. The primary duties of these officers include, but are not limited to, providing public safety and law enforcement services in and around California's adult and youth institutions, fire camps, and state-operated medical facilities and hospitals, and community correctional facilities. These officers also monitor and supervise parolees who are released back into the general public. Other primary duties include investigation and apprehension of institutional escapees and parolees at large (PAL), prison gangs, statewide narcotics enforcement and investigations (involving institutions), etc. Agents of

3366-628: The population living below the federal poverty line. At the 2000 census , there were 36,189 people in 9,652 households, including 8,117 families, in the city. The population density was 1,153.5 inhabitants per square mile (445.4/km ). There were 10,553 housing units at an average density of 336.4 units per square mile (129.9 units/km ). The racial makeup of the city was predominately Hispanic, with figures as follows: 22% White, 30.9% African American, 1.5% Native American, 2.8% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 32.6% from other races, and 5.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 76.2% of

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3432-624: The population) lived in households, 140 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 100 (0.1%) were institutionalized. There were 16,365 households: 10,836 (66.2%) had children under the age of 18 living in them; 9,778 (59.7%) were opposite-sex married couples living together; 3,128 (19.1%) had a female householder with no husband present; 1,441 (8.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,314 (8.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 120 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . 1,442 households (8.8%) were one person and 383 (2.3%) had someone living alone who

3498-422: The population. The median household income was $ 35,522, and the median family income was $ 36,063. Males had a median income of $ 31,891 versus $ 24,634 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 11,425. About 18.1% of families and 20.4% of the population were below the poverty line , including 25.3% of those under age 18 and 14.2% of those age 65 or over. Of the 9,652 households 56.8% had children under

3564-495: The school was relocated in 1961, and the school's western annex on I-215 and Nuevo Road became a Continuation High School in 1993. Now, there are more high schools in the area, including Citrus Hill and Orange Vista of the Val Verde district. Middle schools include Pinacate, Lakeside, Perris and Tomas Rivera. There are ten elementary (grades K–6) schools. The nearby, privately owned, Perris Valley Airport (FAA designator: L65) has

3630-538: The state under Penal Code Section 830.2(d) and provide services to local agencies whose resources do not allow them to pursue violent offenders who have fled their jurisdictions, to parole violators wanted for violent offenses, and individuals wanted under federal warrants. Some of the agents have powers that extend beyond the State of California as they are also sworn Special Deputies of the USMS. FAT agents are highly trained in high-risk warrant service execution and must complete

3696-464: The stipulation as an order of the court, the court conducted an evidentiary hearing that revealed the continued existence of appalling conditions arising from defendants’ failure to provide adequate medical care to California inmates. As a result, the court ruled in June 2005 and issued an order on October 3, 2005, putting the CDCR's medical health care delivery system in receivership , citing the "depravity" of

3762-515: The system. In February 2006, the judge appointed Robert Sillen to the position and Sillen was replaced by J. Clark Kelso in January 2008. Coleman v. Brown is a federal class action civil rights lawsuit alleging unconstitutionally inadequate mental health care, filed on April 23, 1990. On September 13, 1995, the court found the delivery of mental health care violated the Eighth Amendment to

3828-404: The use of an automatic vehicle locating (AVL) system which provides vehicle location, data communication, and dispatching through a mobile data terminal (MDT) and a multi-network switching system in over 1200 vehicles statewide. Each operational unit has a stand-alone system which includes detailed address and mapping information. Fire Country is an American drama television series in which

3894-522: The west, and the San Jacinto and Coachella valleys to the east. The Riverside County Sheriff's Department provides police services to the entire Perris Valley area (including the nearby communities of Mead Valley and Glen Valley, and the cities of Canyon Lake and Menifee ) from its regional station on 4th Street (in the former headquarters of the now-disbanded Perris Police Department). The city of Perris contracts for fire and paramedic services with

3960-429: Was 2,170.7 inhabitants per square mile (838.1/km ). The racial makeup of Perris was 28,937 (42.3%) White (11.0% Non-Hispanic White), 8,307 (12.1%) African American, 589 (0.9%) Native American, 2,461 (3.6%) Asian, 286 (0.4%) Pacific Islander, 24,345 (35.6%) from other races, and 3,461 (5.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 49,079 persons (71.8%). The census reported that 68,146 people (99.7% of

4026-420: Was 25 years. Perris' large, youthful demographics are a result of families moving into the city's new housing tracts. For every 100 females, there were 96.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.2 males. According to Perris's 2022 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: The Southern California Railway Museum is the largest operating museum of its kind on

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4092-587: Was 65 or older. The average household size was 4.16. There were 14,347 families (87.7% of households); the average family size was 4.32. The age distribution was 25,288 people (37.0%) under the age of 18, 7,951 people (11.6%) aged 18 to 24, 20,088 people (29.4%) aged 25 to 44, 11,711 people (17.1%) aged 45 to 64, and 3,348 people (4.9%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 25.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.9 males. There were 17,906 housing units at an average density of 568.4 per square mile, of

4158-586: Was appointed by Governor Gavin Newsom as Secretary for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) on December 12, 2022. In 1851, California activated its first state-run institution. This institution was a 268-ton wooden ship named The Waban , and was anchored in the San Francisco Bay . The prison ship housed 30 inmates who subsequently constructed San Quentin State Prison , which opened in 1852 with approximately 68 inmates. Since 1852,

4224-407: Was by far the largest in the country and more than triple the $ 4,400 spent per inmate in 2001. The state with the second largest prison population in the country, Texas, spent less than $ 4,000 per inmate per year. Another trend that has emerged involves California prisoners initiating lawsuits against individual doctors, alleging substandard medical care received while incarcerated. Officers of

4290-458: Was caused by contaminated fuel obtained from the improper handling of the airfield's fuel tanks and the pilot's improper actions after the power loss, as well as other factors. The aircraft never rose above 50 feet and 14 parachutists and the two pilots were killed. Perris is served by Interstate 215 which runs from Murrieta to the south to San Bernardino to the north, and by State Route 74 , which serves Lake Elsinore and Orange County to

4356-528: Was found. National: Perris, California Perris is an old railway city in Riverside County, California , United States, located 71 miles (114 km) east-southeast of Los Angeles and 81 miles (130 km) north of San Diego . It is known for Lake Perris , an artificial lake, skydiving, Southern California Railway Museum , and its sunny dry climate. Perris is within the Inland Empire metropolitan area of Southern California . Perris had

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