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22-454: The first part of the Bury Chronicle was compiled by John of Taxster or Tayster , who claimed to have joined the monastery in 1244 or 1255. Galbraith makes the first date that of Taxster's vows and the second that of the first continuator's. The issue is somewhat obscured by the mistaken dual chronology introduced by Marianus Scotus and employed by John of Worcester and Taxster. From

44-557: A certain number of years from the Peterborough copy in 1849, from 1152 to 1294 according to Gransden but from 1152 to 1295 according to Thorpe himself, from 1173 to 1265 according to Luard , and from only 1258 to 1265 per Jones . Henry Richards Luard published the years 1258–1263 collated from several manuscripts in 1859 as part of the Rolls Series . Felix Liebermann published excerpts concerning Germany from several manuscripts for

66-500: Is a world history which begins with the Creation and ends in 1140. The chronological framework of the Chronicon was presented by the chronicle of Marianus Scotus (d. 1082). A great deal of additional material, particularly relating to English history, was grafted onto it. The greater part of the work, up to 1117 or 1118, was formerly attributed to Florence of Worcester on the basis of

88-459: Is known of his life apart from what is reported in or understood from his work on the 13th and 14th-century Bury Chronicle . Nothing is known of John de Taxster except what is recorded in or understood from his own work. His surname—given as Taxster in one manuscript and Tayster in another —may be a variant of textor , a weaver. He noted in his section of the Bury Chronicle that he

110-545: The Monumenta Germaniae Historica in 1888. Vivian Hunter Galbraith published the years from 1296–1301 from Coll. Arm. Arundel MS 30 in 1943. Antonia Gransden published the years 1212–1301 in 1964. John of Taxster John de Taxster , Taxter , or Tayster ( Johannes de Taxster or Tayster ; died c.  1265 ), sometimes erroneously called Taxston , was a 13th-century English chronicler and monk at Bury St Edmunds Abbey . Nothing

132-514: The Historia Novorum ("History of New Things") of Eadmer of Canterbury , which was completed sometime in the period 1121–1124. The prevalent view today is that John of Worcester was the principal author and compiler. He is explicitly named as the author of two entries for 1128 and 1138, and two manuscripts (CCC MS 157 and the Chronicula ) were written in his hand. He was seen working on it at

154-541: The Annals of St Edmunds ( Annales Sancti Edmundi , BL Harley MS 447). (The exact beginning of Taxster's original contributions is uncertain because the only surviving manuscript of the Annals is missing its final pages.) Marginalia in the revised and continued version note its additions to Taxster's account came from Apuleius , Orosius , Eutropius , Boethius , Freculf , Marianus Scotus , and John of Worcester . Although

176-602: The Annals are missing their final pages. John of Worcester John of Worcester (died c. 1140) was an English monk and chronicler who worked at Worcester Priory . He is now usually held to be the author of the Chronicon ex Chronicis . John of Worcester's principal work was the Chronicon ex Chronicis ( Latin for "Chronicle from Chronicles") or Chronicle of Chronicles ( Chronica Chronicarum ), also known as John of Worcester's Chronicle or Florence of Worcester's Chronicle. The Chronicon ex Chronicis

198-783: The Ruin and Conquest of Britain , Bede 's Ecclesiastical History , Herman of Bury 's On the Miracles of St Edmund , John of Salisbury 's Policraticus , William of Malmesbury 's Deeds of the Kings of the English and Deeds of the Bishops of the English , Freculf 's 12 Books of History , Peter the Devourer 's Scholastic History , and Sigebert of Gembloux 's Chronicle . From 1131 to around 1212, its main sources are Ralph de Diceto 's Chronicle and

220-558: The account has been said to end in 1301, its general record actually ends in 1300 with only minor entries afterwards in the years 1301, 1313, 1326, 1329, 1334, and 1335. Content from the Bury Chronicle was subsequently used by numerous other historians and annalists in eastern England, including John of Eversden , John of Oxnead , and Bartholomew Cotton . Taxster's section of the Bury Chronicle survives in 2 manuscripts. The first, possibly Taxster's own holograph , comprises folios 3 to 43 verso of British Library MS Cotton Julius A 1. It

242-530: The baronial party, criticizing the severity and foreignness of King Henry   III and Queen Eleanor and noting the popular veneration of Simon de Montfort . Taxster probably died around 1265, when his portion of the chronicle ends. His notice of the miracles credited to Simon de Montfort's relics appear to have been scratched from the Cotton Julius manuscript, probably around 1266 when Henry   III returned to power. Taxster's chronicle forms

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264-489: The behest of Wulfstan, bishop of Worcester , when the Anglo-Norman chronicler Orderic Vitalis visited Worcester: The Chronicon survives in five manuscripts (and a fragment on a single leaf): In addition, there is the Chronicula , a minor chronicle based on the Chronicon proper: MS 503 (Dublin, Trinity College ), written by John up to 1123. For the body of material dealing with early English history, John

286-524: The copy now held as Bodleian Library MS 297, which includes substantial additions concerning the history of the abbey. Other items are taken either directly or via secondary sources from Apuleius 's Golden Ass , Aulus Gellius 's Attic Nights , Justin 's summary of Trogus 's Philippic History , Eutropius 's Summary of Roman History , Jerome 's translation of Eusebius 's Onomasticon , Augustine 's Confessions and City of God , Boethius 's Consolations of Philosophy , Gildas 's On

308-437: The entry for his death under the year 1118, which credits his skill and industry for making the chronicle such a prominent work. In this view, the other Worcester monk, John, merely wrote the final part of the work. However, there are two main objections against the ascription to Florence. First, there is no change of style in the Chronicon after Florence's death, and second, certain sections before 1118 rely to some extent on

330-462: The first continuation to Taxster's work, ending in 1295. The revised and fully continued version of the chronicle is Arundel MS 30, held by the College of Arms . As of 2002, Antonia Gransden 's 1956 dissertation providing it was the only edition of the chronicle's initial section before 1212. She subsequently published the section from 1212 to 1301 in 1964. John of Worcester's Chronicle of Chronicles

352-417: The first part of the Bury Chronicle , in which he seems to have been followed by two other writers. His section covers all of the time from the Creation to 1265 but nearly all of the early entries are simply copied from John of Worcester and other sources. His original content is usually considered to begin with the entry for the year 1212, although it's a bit uncertain given that surviving manuscripts of

374-411: The poor phrasing and many mistakes of the second continuator's text resulted from a less educated monk piously appending a rough draft of the first continuator about 50 years later without much understanding of what he was transcribing. The Bury Chronicle generally directly copies its source texts from the Creation to the year 1212. Most items up to 1131 are taken from John of Worcester , probably from

396-520: The year 1265, another monk continued his work and, from Easter 25 March 1296, a third monk continued their work. The second author—often but baselessly identified as John of Everden —also revised Taxster's account, including some additional information on the monastery's finances and adding several passages from a few classical authors and medieval historians. The third author did not share the second's interest in financial matters, although he continued to record military and local details. Galbraith believed

418-565: Was professed as a Benedictine monk at Bury St Edmunds Abbey in Suffolk , England , on 20 November 1244 or 1255. He does not seem to have held any notable position at the abbey and is remembered for his contribution to the Bury Chronicle , where he seems to have written the section from the Creation to 1265 during the early 1260s. It is possible that the version of the chronicle in British Library Cotton Julius MS A 1

440-501: Was Taxster's own holograph . If so, he wrote a cursive book hand in black ink with important passages marked in red . Taxster's chronicle is an important early source on the aftermath of King John 's 1215 granting of the Magna Carta and a contemporary source for the 1264–1267 Second Barons' War that upheld its place in English law . Overall, Taxster himself seems to have supported

462-512: Was also appended with Taxster's notes in the Peterborough Abbey version held as Cambridge Corpus Christi College MS 92. The Colchester Chronicle ( BL Harley MS 1132) is another version of the Bury Chronicle, unusual in ending in 1193 and in specifically crediting William of Malmesbury for its treatment of Sceafa . The full chronicle has not been published. Benjamin Thorpe published

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484-399: Was damaged somewhat by the 1731 Cottonian Library fire. The other comprises folios 109 to 124 verso of Arundel MS 6, once the property of John Erghome ( fl.  1353 –1385), Edward North , and William Howard and now held by the College of Arms , used as a continuation of a version of John of Worcester 's Chronica Chronicarum ( Chronicle of Chronicles ). This only contains

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