Tsona City ( Tibetan : མཚོ་སྣ་གྲོང་ཁྱེར། , Chinese : 错那市 ), formerly Tsona County , is a county-level city in Shannan Prefecture in the southeastern part of the Tibet region of China. Tsona means "The face of the [Nara Yumco] lake" in Tibetan. It lies immediately to the north of the McMahon Line agreed as the mutual border between British India and Tibet in 1914. China has not accepted the 1914 border delineation, but treats it as the Line of Actual Control (LAC). Tsona also borders Bhutan on its southwest.
19-617: The Bum La Pass is a border pass between China's Tsona County in Tibet and India's Tawang district in Arunachal Pradesh . It is 37 km away from the town of Tawang in India's Tawang district and 43 km from the town of Tsona Dzong in China's Tsona County. The pass currently serves as a trading point between Arunachal Pradesh and Tibet. It is also an agreed Border Personnel Meeting point for
38-550: A city, and the city government was stationed in Mama Menba ethnic township. Two main south-flowing rivers Nyamjang Chu and Tsona Chu flow through the county and enter India's Tawang district, where they join the Tawang Chu river. Between Nyamjang Chu and Tsona Chu lies an undulating plateau, with streams flowing west to east, often after collecting into lakes. Napa Yutso and Nyapa Tso are two such large lakes. In addition,
57-517: A direct appeal to the Fifth Dalai Lama was made asking him to "annex" Tawang. According to Tawang records, an edict to this effect was issued in 1680, establishing a new Gelugpa regime in Tawang . The Mera Lama was placed in a position of authority over the region and made responsible to Tsona. Since the traditional route via Trashigang was now lost to Bhutan, a new route was developed via Dirang and
76-477: Is 34 km north of Bum La Pass , which marks the border with the Tawang district. Immediately to the north of Bum La is the village of Shao ( Tibetan : ཤ་འུག , Wylie : sha 'ug ), whose full name Shauk Tago has been associated with Guru Padmasambhava and other Buddhist preachers over centuries. The location is mentioned in these texts as being part of "Monyul" i.e., Tawang area. The total land area of Tsona
95-425: Is 35191.23 square kilometers, and the actual jurisdiction area is 6703.62 square kilometers. The highest peak, Kanggeduo Mountain, is 7,060 meters above sea level. Rivers include Donggaxiong, Cuona, Luodu, Luo, Yu, etc. Lakes include Nariyong, Yang, Danba, Bila, Guwu, Gejin, Jimu, etc. the largest Nariyong covers an area of 58.33 square kilometers. The annual sunshine hours are 2589 hours, the annual frost-free period
114-685: Is 42 days, and the annual precipitation is 384.3 mm. The annual average temperature is -0.6 °C, the average temperature in July is 7.8 °C, and the average temperature in January is -10 °C. Tsona is rich in forest resources, and there are a large number of bamboo forests composed of Tsona arrow bamboo. The national first-class protected animals include Bengal tigers, leopards, snow leopards, red pandas, Tibetan wild donkeys and bisons. Tsona comprises 1 town , 5 townships and 4 ethnic townships : * includes areas claimed but currently under control of
133-461: Is about 20 km from Tawang town, about 7 km beyond the bifurcation of road leading to Bum La Pass . There is a Heap of Stones here where visitors place pebbles as gratitude to the mighty Himalayas and the guardians of our northern frontiers. There is a Sino-India friendship sign here. It is one of the five officially agreed Border Personnel Meeting points between the Indian Army and
152-466: The Indian Army . The track is very treacherous, only SUVs advisable, and that too only on clear weather day with no snowfall or rainfall. Created by falling rocks, boulders and trees in an earthquake, there is a Sangestar Tso lake (lake is called Tso in Tibetan) that featured Madhuri Dixit ( Bollywood actress) in the movie Koyla , as a result this lake is sometimes also called Madhuri lake . The lake
171-667: The Merag-Sagteng region in present-day Bhutan, belonging to the Gelugpa sect, was chased out of his native village by the Drukpa forces. He fled to the neighbouring Tawang region . The people of Tawang were apparently indifferent to the sectarian divisions, and the Mera lama requested help from the governor of Tsona. However, the Tsona forces were unable to resolve the conflict between the sects. Eventually
190-617: The People's Liberation Army of China for regular consultations and interactions between the two armies to improve relations. Here, there is a hut on the India side where border meetings are held by the rival armies. A special permit is required to visit Bum La Pass. The Permits can be requested at the Office of the Deputy Commissioner in Tawang District , and the same has to be stamped in
209-426: The 1962 Sino-Indian War . In 2006, Bumla pass was re-opened to traders for the first time in 44 years. Traders from both sides of the pass were permitted to enter each other's territories, in addition to postal workers from each country. It is often covered with heavy snow throughout the year. It is one of the most off-beat passes in the world. Visit by civilian tourist of India is permissible with permission from
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#1733093711289228-921: The Desi (Regent) revealed the news of the Fifth Dalai Lama's death and his reincarnation to be installed as the Sixth Dalai Lama . In 1912, the Tibetan government established Governorate of Lhoka ( lho kha spyi khyab ) in Tsedang , governing 13 Dzongs including Tsona; in 1952, it belonged to the Gyantse Sub-committee of the Chinese Communist Party ; on August 29, 1956, It belongs to the Lhoka Governorate Office (山南基巧办事处); on May 5, 1959, Tsona County
247-741: The Indian army cantonment of Tawang. Without the army stamp, visitors will not be allowed through the numerous check posts on the way. Tsona County In 1354, the Phagmodrupa dynasty established Tsona County ( mtsho sna rdzong ). In the 17th century, sectarian rivalries developed between the Gelugpa sect that was in the ascendant in Central Tibet and the Drukpa sect that got consolidated in Bhutan. The Mera lama of
266-404: The Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh . According to the seventh national census, the population is 13,932, including 12,404 Tibetans, 946 Hans, and 582 other nationalities. The urban population accounts for 20.61%, and the rural population accounts for 79.39%. Agriculture mainly produces highland barley, wheat, peas, potatoes, rapeseed, etc., with a pasture area of more than 353,000 hectares, and
285-613: The Tsona County also contains the basins of the east-flowing rivers that form the Subansiri River . Loro Karpo Chu (the "white Loro river") in the north leads to the Jorra township. Loro Nakpo Chu (the "black Loro river") leads to the Khartak (or Kardag) township. Tsona Dzong , the main town and the headquarters of the Tsona County, is in the plateau between Nyamjang Chu and Tsona Chu. It
304-480: The area under the Sela Pass (present day West Kameng ) was brought under Tawang's control. The Fifth Dalai Lama died two years after these events, and his reincarnation was discovered to have been born in Tawang in 1683. The family of the young boy, the next Dalai Lama, was secretly transported to Tsona, where he was raised under the watch of the Tsona dzongpöns. The family was taken to Nakartsé in 1697, after which
323-434: The main livestock are yaks, cattle, sheep and goats. In 2020, the regional GDP is 813.954 million yuan, of which the primary industry is 29.001 million yuan, the secondary industry is 429.675 million yuan, and the tertiary industry is 355.279 million yuan; fixed asset investment is 679.51 million yuan, and the total retail sales of social consumer goods is 206.501 million yuan, the per capita disposable income of rural residents
342-598: The security forces of China and India. An old traders road went from Tawang via Milakatong La Pass ("La" in the Tibetan Language means "pass") to Bum La Pass and finally to Tsona Dzong in Tibet . The road to Bum La is also a historical route, the People's Liberation Army of China invaded India during the 1962 Sino-Indian War . Here in Bum La Pass one of the fiercest battles, the Battle of Bum La Pass , took place in
361-703: Was established, and the county government was stationed in Tsona Town, and it belonged to the Shannan Commissioner's Office; on March 29, 1969, it belonged to the Shannan Regional Revolutionary Committee; in October 1978, it belonged to Shannan Regional Administrative Office; in February 2016, it belongs to prefecture-level Shannan City. On April 3, 2023, the county was withdrawn and established as
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