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44-535: The IAI started in 1994 as an industry consortium of 12 US companies invited by Autodesk to advise on developing a set of C++ classes to support integrated application development. The other founding members were AT&T ; Archibus; Carrier Corporation ; Hellmuth, Obata & Kassabaum (HOK); Honeywell ; Jaros, Baum & Bolles (JB&B) ; Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory ; Primavera Systems ; Softdesk; Timberline Software Corp; and Tishman Research Corp (part of Tishman Realty & Construction ). The new technology

88-638: A Montreal-based software company which Autodesk had purchased. When it was re-released (release 7), the product was again branded with the Autodesk logo, and the short name was again changed to "3ds Max" (upper and lower case), while the formal product name became the current "Autodesk 3ds Max." Many films have made use of 3ds Max, or previous versions of the program under previous names, in CGI animation, such as Avatar and 2012 , which contain computer generated graphics from 3ds Max alongside live-action acting. Mudbox

132-1544: A camera at actors wearing motion-capture suits in a studio and see them as characters in the fictional world of Pandora in the film. Autodesk software also played a role in the visual effects of Alice in Wonderland , The Curious Case of Benjamin Button , Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 , Inception , Iron Man 2 , King Kong , Gladiator , Titanic , and other films. Walt Disney Animation Studios also utilizes Autodesk Maya for character rigging and animation, being used in films such as Frozen II . Autodesk develops and purchased many specific-purpose renderers but many Autodesk products had been bundled with third-party renderers such as NVIDIA Mental Ray or Iray. Some of Autodesk's "retired" products are listed here: Autodesk CFD (formerly Autodesk Simulation CFD) includes modeling and thermal modeling tools for architectural and MEP applications. Common applications for environmental sustainable design include mechanical ventilation, external flow (wind loading), natural ventilation, and occupant comfort. Other energy applications include analysis for building energy, solar load, advanced energy and heating and cooling. Autodesk introduced C-FACT, an open-source, science-driven approach to setting greenhouse gas reduction targets, which calls for greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions to be made in proportion to

176-401: A company's gross domestic product (GDP). Unlike other carbon accounting methods, Autodesk's C-FACT measures carbon dioxide emissions that are proportional to a company's global GDP contribution. Autodesk will derive its own targets using this approach through 2020. In 2006, Autodesk sponsored a PBS program named e² Design , which focused on green building design around the world, describing

220-555: A customizable user interface , and its own scripting language . The original 3D Studio product was created for the DOS platform by the Yost Group , and published by Autodesk . The release of 3D Studio made Autodesk's previous 3D rendering package AutoShade obsolete. After 3D Studio DOS Release 4, the product was rewritten for the Windows NT platform, and renamed "3D Studio MAX." This version

264-530: A digital model in the design process. The company's Revit line of software for building information modeling is designed to let users explore the planning, construction, and management of a building virtually before it is built. Autodesk's Media and Entertainment division creates software for visual effects, color grading, and editing as well as animation, game development, and design visualization. 3ds Max and Maya are both 3D animation software used in film visual effects and game development. The company

308-536: A flexible plugin architecture and must be used on the Microsoft Windows platform. It is frequently used by video game developers , many TV commercial studios, and architectural visualization studios. It is also used for movie effects and movie pre-visualization . 3ds Max features shaders (such as ambient occlusion and subsurface scattering ), dynamic simulation , particle systems , radiosity , normal map creation and rendering, global illumination ,

352-480: A special copy protection device (called a dongle ) to be plugged into the parallel port while the program was run, but later versions incorporated software based copy prevention methods instead. Current versions require online registration. Due to the high price of the commercial version of the program, Autodesk also offers a free student version, which explicitly states that it is to be used for "educational purposes only". The student version has identical features to

396-402: A user to interpolate curved sections with straight geometry (for example a hole through a box shape). Although the surface tool is a useful way to generate parametrically accurate geometry, it lacks the "surface properties" found in the similar Edit Patch modifier, which enables a user to maintain the original parametric geometry whilst being able to adjust "smoothing groups" between faces. This

440-494: Is a basic method, in which one models something using only boxes, spheres, cones, cylinders and other predefined objects from the list of Predefined Standard Primitives or a list of Predefined Extended Primitives . One may also apply Boolean operations , including subtract, cut and connect. For example, one can make two spheres which will work as blobs that will connect with each other. These are called metaballs . Earlier versions (up to and including 3D Studio Max R3.1) required

484-399: Is a mathematically exact representation of freeform surfaces like those used for car bodies and ship hulls, which can be exactly reproduced at any resolution whenever needed. With NURBS, a smooth sphere can be created with only one face. The non-uniform property of NURBS brings up an important point. Because they are generated mathematically, NURBS objects have a parameter space in addition to

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528-879: Is based in Montreal, Quebec. It was established in 1999 after Autodesk, Inc. acquired Discreet Logic, Inc. and merged its operations with Kinetix. In January 2006, Autodesk acquired Alias, a developer of 3D graphics technology. In October 2008, Autodesk acquired the Softimage brand from Avid. The principal product offerings from the Media and Entertainment Division are Flame , and the Media & Entertainment Collection, which include Maya , 3ds Max , Arnold , MotionBuilder , Mudbox , and ReCap Pro. Much of Avatar ' s visual effects were created with Autodesk media and entertainment software. Autodesk software enabled Avatar director James Cameron to aim

572-577: Is headquartered in Portland, Oregon . The company's manufacturing software is used in various manufacturing segments, including industrial machinery, electro-mechanical, tool and die, industrial equipment, automotive components, and consumer products. The principal products are Fusion 360 , and its family (Fusion 360 with FeatureCAM, PowerMill , PowerShape , PowerInspect, or Netfabb ), Autodesk Alias , Autodesk Inventor , Autodesk Vault , Autodesk CFD (formerly Autodesk Simulation CFD), Moldflow , VRED, and

616-542: Is headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts, in a LEED Platinum building designed and built using Autodesk software. Autodesk's architecture, engineering, and construction solutions include AutoCAD , and Revit , which is their flagship product for relational Building information modeling . The AEC division also develops and manages software for the Construction industry, including Autodesk Construction Cloud , Advance Steel , and

660-506: The BIM Collaboration Format (BCF), a structured file format used for issue tracking in relation to building information models. BuildingSMART has several chapters around the world. Autodesk 38°00′20″N 122°31′51″W  /  38.0055°N 122.5308°W  / 38.0055; -122.5308 Autodesk, Inc. is an American multinational software corporation that provides software products and services for

704-460: The FIRST competition for 3d animation are known to use 3ds Max. Polygon modeling is more common with game design than any other modeling technique as the very specific control over individual polygons allows for extreme optimization. Usually, the modeler begins with one of the 3ds max primitives, and using such tools as bevel and extrude , adds detail to and refines the model. Versions 4 and up feature

748-782: The Navisworks (formerly JetStream) product tools; the Infrastructure industry, including Civil 3D , and InfraWorks ; and the MEP industry, including Fabrication CADmep . The Autodesk Services Marketplace offering helps its clients train their team in AEC Industry. Projects that have used software from the Autodesk AEC division include the NASA Ames building, the San Francisco Bay Bridge,

792-585: The One World Trade Center to Tesla electric cars . Autodesk became best known for AutoCAD , but now develops a broad range of software for design, engineering, and entertainment—and a line of software for consumers. The manufacturing industry uses Autodesk's digital prototyping software—including Autodesk Inventor , Fusion 360 , and the Autodesk Product Design Suite—to visualize, simulate, and analyze real-world performance using

836-631: The 3D geometric space in which they are displayed. Specifically, an array of values called knots specifies the extent of influence of each control vertex (CV) on the curve or surface. Knots are invisible in 3D space and can't be manipulated directly, but occasionally their behavior affects the visible appearance of the NURBS object. Parameter space is one-dimensional for curves, which have only a single U dimension topologically, even though they exist geometrically in 3D space. Surfaces have two dimensions in parameter space, called U and V. NURBS curves and surfaces have

880-669: The Apple Mac App Store. Also part of PSEB is the Autodesk Consumer Product Group, which was created in November 2010 to generate interest in 3-D design and “foster a new wave of designers who hunger for sophisticated software”. Users range from children, students and artists to makers and DIYers. Autodesk offers certificates in two categories: Autodesk Certified User and Advanced Certified Professional. The Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry group

924-458: The Editable Polygon object, which simplifies most mesh editing operations, and provides subdivision smoothing at customizable levels (see NURMS ). Version 7 introduced the edit poly modifier, which allows the use of the tools available in the editable polygon object to be used higher in the modifier stack (i.e., on top of other modifications). NURBS in 3ds Max is a legacy feature. None of

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968-583: The Product Design & Manufacturing Collection, which includes Inventor Nastran (formerly Nastran In-CAD), Inventor CAM (formerly Autodesk HSM and Inventor HSM), Inventor Nesting, Inventor Tolerance Analysis, and Factory Design Utilities. Autodesk Media and Entertainment products are designed for digital media creation, management, and delivery, from film and television visual effects, color grading, and editing to animation, game development, and design visualization. Autodesk's Media and Entertainment Division

1012-471: The Shanghai Tower, and New York's One World Trade Center. Autodesk Life Sciences is an extensible toolkit for genetic engineering. It visualises DNA code (Molecule Viewer), and has a tool for writing DNA code (genetic constructor). The tool allows work on molecule-level, rather than nucleobase-level (A, C, G, T) constructs. In 2018, all projects were suspended. Autodesk's manufacturing industry group

1056-470: The architecture, engineering, construction, manufacturing, media, education, and entertainment industries. Autodesk is headquartered in San Francisco, California , and has offices worldwide. Its U.S. offices are located in the states of California, Oregon, Colorado, Texas, Michigan, New Hampshire and Massachusetts. Its Canada offices are located in the provinces of Ontario, Quebec, and Alberta. The company

1100-664: The decision to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit , which reversed the lower court ruling, denying Vernor the right to resale Autodesk software due to Autodesk's nontransferable licensing restrictions. In October 2011, the U.S. Supreme Court let stand the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals ruling. Autodesk introduced a new logo at the TED conference in Long Beach , California, on February 26, 2013. Autodesk announced

1144-603: The door for third party developers to extend AutoCAD's functionality, to address a wide range of vertical markets , strengthening AutoCAD's market penetration. Subsequent to AutoCAD Release 13, the company stopped supporting the Unix environment and the Apple Macintosh platform. After AutoCAD Release 14 (R13 was last DOS & Unix release), first shipped in 1997, Autodesk discontinued development under DOS , and focused exclusively on Microsoft Windows . AutoCAD has grown to become

1188-410: The features have been updated since version 4 and have been ignored by the development teams over the past decade. For example, the updated path deform and the updated normalize spline modifiers in version 2018 do not work on NURBS curves anymore as they did in previous versions. An alternative to polygons, it gives a smoothed out surface that eliminates the straight edges of a polygon model. NURBS

1232-559: The full version, but is only for single use and cannot be installed on a network. The student license expires after three years, at which time the user, if they are still a student, may download the latest version, thus renewing the license for another three years. In 2020, Autodesk had since reduced the free student version limit to 1 year only, as opposed to 3 years previously. In addition, all customers seeking free access to Autodesk educational products and services are required to provide proof of enrollment, employment, or contractor status at

1276-467: The important properties of not changing under the standard geometric affine transformations (Transforms), or under perspective projections. The CVs have local control of the object: moving a CV or changing its weight does not affect any part of the object beyond the neighboring CVs. (This property can be overridden by using the Soft Selection controls). Also, the control lattice that connects CVs surrounds

1320-648: The largest lay off in its history on November 27, 2017, with the lay off of 1,150 jobs. This was in addition to the almost 1,000 job cuts announced in January 2016. The number of Autodesk employees decreased from approximately 9,200 to 7,200 in less than 2 years. Autodesk updated to its current logo in September 2021. In 2022, Autodesk moved their headquarters to San Francisco from San Rafael, California —which served as their headquarters since 1994. Platform Solutions and Emerging Business (PSEB) division develops and manages

1364-531: The leaders and technologies that drive sustainable design. In November 2021, the company was added to the Dow Jones Sustainability World Index . Autodesk 3ds Max Autodesk 3ds Max , formerly 3D Studio and 3D Studio Max , is a professional 3D computer graphics program for making 3D animations , models , games and images . It is developed and produced by Autodesk Media and Entertainment . It has modeling capabilities and

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1408-399: The most widely used CAD program for 2D non-specialized applications. The native file formats written by AutoCAD, DXF and DWG , are also widely used for CAD data interoperability . In 1989, Autodesk's sales grew to over $ 100,000,000 after just four operational years. Walker remained a programmer at Autodesk until 1994, when he left due to disagreements with changes at the company. With

1452-474: The product foundation for most Autodesk offerings across multiple markets, including Autodesk's flagship product AutoCAD , AutoCAD LT, AutoCAD for Mac, and AutoCAD mobile app (formerly AutoCAD 360). Autodesk Suites, Subscription and Web Services, which include Autodesk Cloud, Autodesk Labs, and Global Engineering are also part of PSEB. In what was seen as an unusual step for a maker of high-end business software, Autodesk began offering AutoCAD LT 2012 for Mac through

1496-511: The program, and agreed to sell it to Walker in exchange for royalties. The program was further developed and renamed AutoCAD . Autodesk became a public company in 1985. John Walker did not enjoy the process of writing the prospectus, relating the process to "lying on the beach or juggling chainsaws". Release 2.1 of AutoCAD, released in 1986, included AutoLISP , a built-in Lisp programming language interpreter initially based on XLISP. This opened

1540-608: The purchase of Softdesk in 1997, Autodesk started to develop specialty versions of AutoCAD , targeted to broad industry segments, including architecture, civil engineering , and manufacturing . Since the late 1990s, the company has added several significant non-AutoCAD-based products, including Revit , a parametric building modeling application (acquired in 2002, from Massachusetts-based Revit Technologies for $ 133 million), and Inventor , an internally developed parametric mechanical design CAD application. In 2007, Timothy Vernor sued Autodesk ( Vernor v. Autodesk, Inc. ), alleging that he

1584-434: The surface. This is known as the convex hull property. Surface tool was originally a 3rd party plugin, but Kinetix acquired and included this feature since version 3.0. The surface tool is for creating common 3ds Max splines, and then applying a modifier called "surface." This modifier makes a surface from every three or four vertices in a grid. It is often seen as an alternative to "mesh" or "nurbs" modeling, as it enables

1628-421: The transfer of software to the purchaser materially resembled a sale (non-recurring price, right to perpetual possession of copy) it was, in fact, a "sale with restrictions on use" giving rise to a right to resell the copy under the first-sale doctrine. As such, Autodesk could not pursue an action for copyright infringement against Vernor, who sought to resell used versions of its software on eBay. Autodesk appealed

1672-481: Was also originally created by the Yost Group. It was released by Kinetix, which was at that time Autodesk's division of media and entertainment. Autodesk purchased the product at the second release update of the 3D Studio MAX version and internalized development entirely over the next two releases. Later, the product name was changed to "3ds max" (all lower case) to better comply with the naming conventions of Discreet ,

1716-534: Was also used in the final texturing of the set and characters in Avatar, with 3ds Max and Mudbox being closely related. 3ds Max has been used in the development of 3D computer graphics for a number of video games . Architectural and engineering design firms use 3ds Max for developing concept art and previsualization . Educational programs at secondary and tertiary level use 3ds Max in their courses on 3D computer graphics and computer animation . Students in

1760-639: Was entitled to resell "used" copies of AutoCAD software on eBay . He had obtained the software from an Autodesk licensee at an office liquidation sale. A federal district judge in Washington denied Autodesk's initial motion to dismiss in early 2008. In February and March 2009, both sides filed motions for summary judgment addressing the issue whether the First Sale Doctrine applies to previously licensed software. The Court ruled in Vernor's favor, holding that when

1804-858: Was first demonstrated in June 1995 in Atlanta at A/E/C SYSTEMS '95. This Industry Alliance for Interoperability opened membership to all interested parties in September 1995 and in May 1996 was renamed the International Alliance for Interoperability as Autodesk users insisted that the IFCs should be non-proprietary and urged development of the IFC standard. The first version of IFC was published in June 1996 at which point 26 companies, including Autodesk, Bentley , Nemetschek and IEZ, committed to making their software IFC-compliant. The IAI

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1848-648: Was founded by John Walker and a team of programmers in 1982. Walker founded the company after acquiring Interact, a computer-aided design program that operated on microcomputers running the 8-bit CP/M operating system and two of the new 16-bit systems, the Victor 9000 and the IBM Personal Computer (PC). This tool made it affordable for smaller design, engineering, and architecture companies to create detailed technical drawings. The program had been developed by Michael Riddle in 1979. Riddle had struggled to sell

1892-411: Was founded in 1982 by John Walker , who was a coauthor of the first versions of AutoCAD . AutoCAD is the company's flagship computer-aided design (CAD) software and, along with its 3D design software Revit , is primarily used by architects, engineers, and structural designers to design, draft, and model buildings and other structures. Autodesk software has been used in many fields, and on projects from

1936-745: Was reconstituted as a not-for-profit industry-led organisation, promoting the Industry Foundation Class (IFC) as a neutral product model supporting the building lifecycle. In 2005, partly because its members felt the IAI name was too long and complex for people to understand, it was renamed buildingSMART . It has regional chapters in Europe, North America, Australia, Asia and the Middle East. BuildingSMART says it develops and maintains international standards for openBIM , combining: buildingSMART also maintains

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