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28-468: Having decided that a public library would greatly benefit their community, a group of Van Wert ladies incorporated the Van Wert Library Association in 1890. In order to finance their project, the ladies sought subscriptions at $ 3 per person throughout the city and sponsored public entertainment events to raise additional money. By the end of 1890, the ladies had purchased 600 books, chosen

56-632: A Richardsonian Romanesque appearance. In early 1979, the Brumback Library was listed on the National Register of Historic Places , qualifying both because of its architecture and because of its place in the area's history. Critical to its importance was its place as the core of the county library system: the Brumback was the first county library to be established anywhere in the United States. It

84-449: A 4.74-meter-diameter monopile footing in ocean depths up to 16 meters of water. A floating foundation is one that sits on a body of water, rather than dry land. This type of foundation is used for some bridges and floating buildings. Foundations are designed to have an adequate load capacity depending on the type of subsoil/rock supporting the foundation by a geotechnical engineer , and the footing itself may be designed structurally by

112-516: A common business practice in the 18th-century book trade in Germany. The publisher offered to sell a book that was planned but had not yet been printed, usually at a discount, so as to cover their costs in advance. The business practice was particularly common with magazines, helping to determine in advance how many subscribers there would be. Praenumeration is similar to the recent crowdfunding financing model. Subscription to new issues can be covered by

140-419: A county library — no one had previously entertained such an idea, which was generally believed impossible when it was first announced, but discussion in the county's Granges produced virtually unanimous support among the county's farmers, and the mass desire for such a library prompted the state legislature to pass the necessary enabling legislation in the following April. Ownership of the library collection

168-463: A crisscross of timbers or steel beams in concrete is called grillage. Perhaps the simplest foundation is the padstone, a single stone which both spreads the weight on the ground and raises the timber off the ground. Staddle stones are a specific type of padstone. Dry stone and stones laid in mortar to build foundations are common in many parts of the world. Dry laid stone foundations may have been painted with mortar after construction. Sometimes

196-415: A librarian, and rented a room in which to keep the library; its use was originally limited to the subscribers. Their efforts became recognized throughout the community, and in 1896 the city council enacted a 0.03% property tax for the library, raising approximately $ 575 per annum. Although the funds were sufficient to maintain the collection, the amount of work necessary to expand the library was prohibitive,

224-457: A new security is to be issued, investors typically have two weeks to submit their subscription orders. At the end of this subscription period, the issuer announces the offering price and the method of allotment. Allotment is a method of distributing securities to investors when an issue has been oversubscribed. At the end of the subscription period, the demand for a new issue can exceed the number of shares or bonds being issued. In such cases,

252-448: A single, generally large-diameter, structural element embedded into the earth to support all the loads (weight, wind, etc.) of a large above-surface structure. Many monopile foundations have been used in recent years for economically constructing fixed-bottom offshore wind farms in shallow-water subsea locations. For example, a single wind farm off the coast of England went online in 2008 with over 100 turbines, each mounted on

280-490: A state where there is more money available than the company needs. This finance-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Foundation (engineering) In engineering, a foundation is the element of a structure which connects it to the ground or more rarely, water (as with floating structures ), transferring loads from the structure to the ground. Foundations are generally considered either shallow or deep . Foundation engineering

308-410: A subscription agreement, legally committing the investor to invest in the financial instrument, and committing the company to certain obligations and warranties. In some jurisdictions, it is possible for the issuer and subscriber to use a template subscription agreement as the basis of this agreement, although bespoke contract drafting by a qualified specialist may be required in more complex cases. When

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336-434: Is constructed largely of sandstone , with a sandstone foundation , bluestone walls, and a multicolored tile roof. Among its most prominent components are a round corbeled tower with battlements , a smaller square tower, and a prominent main entryway; when one views the library from the street, the round tower is to the right, the square tower to the left, and the entrance in the middle. A small flight of steps leads to

364-420: Is more environmentally friendly is to use screw piles . Screw pile installations have also extended to residential applications, with many homeowners choosing a screw pile foundation over other options. Some common applications for helical pile foundations include wooden decks, fences, garden houses, pergolas, and carports. Used to transfer the load of a structure down through the upper weak layer of topsoil to

392-606: Is the application of soil mechanics and rock mechanics ( geotechnical engineering ) in the design of foundation elements of structures. Foundations provide the structure's stability from the ground: The design and the construction of a well-performing foundation must possess some basic requirements: Buildings and structures have a long history of being built with wood in contact with the ground. Post in ground construction may technically have no foundation. Timber pilings were used on soft or wet ground even below stone or masonry walls. In marine construction and bridge building

420-414: The frost line and may have a drain pipe which helps groundwater drain away. They are suitable for soils with a capacity of more than 10 tonnes/m (2,000 pounds per square foot). Often called footings , are usually embedded about a meter or so into soil . One common type is the spread footing which consists of strips or pads of concrete (or other materials) which extend below the frost line and transfer

448-451: The county outside Van Wert. Further expansion was needed by the 1990s, so an addition was constructed and the original interior renovated in 1991; this is the only substantial renovation in the library's history, aside from a 1917 project to place a children's section in the basement. Additional branches have been reopened in the villages of Convoy , Middle Point , Ohio City , Willshire , and Wren . The original Brumback Library building

476-481: The entirety of 1900. Financial support from the Brumback estate surpassed $ 50,000. The Brumback library dedication ceremony took place on January 1, 1901, at the First Methodist Episcopal Church. The ceremony included a musical solo rendered by the baritone Charles W. Clark (who few years later would be known as one of the greatest baritone singers of all time). The library was officially opened to

504-497: The entrance, which is placed in a dominating central gable wider than either tower. Small second- story arched windows pierce the gable and the towers, while larger rectangular windows are located on the first floor. Together, these components present a somewhat eclectic appearance: architect David L. Stine employed both the Gothic Revival and Romanesque Revival styles, although the components combine to project somewhat of

532-467: The late nineteenth century, Brumback decided to engage in philanthropy , and following his death in December 1897, his bequest of a large sum to the library was announced. Furthermore, his other heirs agreed to spend additional money on the construction of a building for the library, even though such an action was not required by the will. The most curious provision in the will was the concept of establishing

560-507: The library experienced very little growth, and the founders soon realized that the library might not long survive once they were unable to continue supporting it. At this point came deliverance from an unexpected quarter. Born in Licking County in 1829, John Sanford Brumback settled in Van Wert in 1862 and eventually became one of the city's leading businessmen. As his health was failing in

588-411: The public twenty-eight days later. The first librarian engaged in extensive collection development , as the first six years saw the collection expanded from approximately 5,000 titles to 10,698. In order to further the goal of making Brumback a county library system, branches were placed in sixteen different locations throughout Van Wert County , and annual circulation reached fifty thousand volumes by

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616-428: The stronger layer of subsoil below. There are different types of deep footings including impact driven piles, drilled shafts, caissons , screw piles , geo-piers and earth-stabilized columns . The naming conventions for different types of footings vary between different engineers. Historically, piles were wood , later steel , reinforced concrete , and pre-tensioned concrete . A type of deep foundation which uses

644-510: The system's sixth year. As the years passed, branches were closed; by 1968, locations outside of Van Wert had been restricted to nine pickup stations, although bookmobile service had been created to assist county schools. Seven years earlier, the original building's capacity had become strained as the collection reached sixty-two thousand books. In response, the library purchased the original Brumback family home; eighteen thousand titles were moved there, as well as facilities for serving parts of

672-439: The top, visible course of stone is hewn, quarried stones. Besides using mortar, stones can also be put in a gabion . One disadvantage is that if using regular steel rebars , the gabion would last much less long than when using mortar (due to rusting). Using weathering steel rebars could reduce this disadvantage somewhat. Rubble trench foundations are a shallow trench filled with rubble or stones. These foundations extend below

700-457: The underwriting bank allots the securities with the approval of the issuer, either by lottery or on the basis of a formula. An allotment formula usually takes into account the issuer's preferred target investor groups. A funding round is oversubscribed when the company has obtained funding commitments from investors that, in aggregate, amount to more money than the company needs or intends to raise. The term may be used informally to describe

728-562: The weight from walls and columns to the soil or bedrock . Another common type of shallow foundation is the slab-on-grade foundation where the weight of the structure is transferred to the soil through a concrete slab placed at the surface. Slab-on-grade foundations can be reinforced mat slabs, which range from 25 cm to several meters thick, depending on the size of the building, or post-tensioned slabs, which are typically at least 20 cm for houses, and thicker for heavier structures. Another way to install ready-to-build foundations that

756-507: Was the second Van Wert County location to be added to the Register; only the county courthouse preceded it. Subscription (finance) Subscription refers to the process of investors signing up and committing to invest in a financial instrument, before the actual closing of the purchase. The term comes from the Latin word subscribere . An early form of subscription was praenumeration ,

784-416: Was transferred by a contract among the county commissioners , the Van Wert Library Association, and Brumback's heirs: the library ladies were to give their books, the heirs were to arrange for the construction of a library building in a Van Wert city park, and the county was to enact a permanent property tax for the library's continued support. The cornerstone was laid on July 18, 1899; construction occupied

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