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45-522: Brechin Castle is a castle in Brechin , Angus, Scotland . The castle was constructed in stone during the 13th century. Most of the current building dates to the early 18th century, when extensive reconstruction was carried out by architect Alexander Edward for James Maule, 4th Earl of Panmure , between approximately 1696 and 1709. The castle is a 37,748 square feet (3,506.9 m) Category A listed building and

90-485: A circuit, and the circuit is overseen by a superintendent minister who has pastoral charge of all the circuit churches (though in practice he or she delegates such charge to other presbyters who each care for a section of the circuit and chair the local church meetings as deputies of the superintendent). This echoes the practice of the early church where the bishop was supported by a bench of presbyters. Circuits are grouped together to form Districts. All of these, combined with

135-730: A city because of its cathedral and its status as the seat of a pre- Reformation Roman Catholic diocese (which continues today as an episcopal seat of the Scottish Episcopal Church ), but that status has not been officially recognised in the modern era. Nevertheless, the designation is often used, with examples being the City of Brechin and District Community Council, City of Brechin and Area Partnership, City of Brechin Civic Trust and Brechin City Football Club . Kinnaird Castle

180-614: Is Archbishop Robert W. Hotes. The Church of God in Christ (COGIC) has dioceses throughout the United States. In the COGIC, most states are divided into at least three or more dioceses that are each led by a bishop (sometimes called a "state bishop"); some states have as many as ten dioceses. These dioceses are called "jurisdictions" within COGIC. In the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ,

225-577: Is also home to the junior football club Brechin Victoria who play at Victoria Park. Brechin Golf Club was formed in 1893, at Trinity Muir with a 9 hole course.  Records show that by 1924 an agreement had been made to purchase Limefield Farm.  In 1926 the famous James Braid was invited to play the course. Braid was so impressed he suggested suitable sites for sand bunkers in the Limefield section of

270-580: Is nearby. Brechin is located slightly closer to Dundee than Aberdeen on the A90 between the cities. It is the fourth largest settlement of Angus. In the centre of Brechin is a small museum in the Brechin Town House , and an award-winning tourist attraction, the Caledonian Railway . Along with the cathedral and round tower , part of the chapel of Brechin's Maison Dieu or hospital survives from

315-605: Is part of one episcopal area (though that area may contain more than one conference). The African Methodist Episcopal Church has a similar structure to the United Methodist Church, also using the Episcopal Area. The bishops govern the church as a single bench. In the British Methodist Church and Irish Methodist Church , the closest equivalent to a diocese is the 'circuit' . Each local church belongs to

360-571: The Anglican Communion . The one change is that the areas administered under the Archbishop of Canterbury and Archbishop of York are properly referred to as dioceses, not archdioceses: they are the metropolitan bishops of their respective provinces and bishops of their own diocese and have the position of archbishop. The Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia in its constitution uses

405-640: The Church of Sweden do have individual dioceses similar to Roman Catholics. These dioceses and archdioceses are under the government of a bishop (see Archbishop of Uppsala ). Other Lutheran bodies and synods that have dioceses and bishops include the Church of Denmark , the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland , the Evangelical Church in Germany (partially), and the Church of Norway . From about

450-569: The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America have a bishop acting as the head of the synod, but the synod does not have dioceses and archdioceses as the churches listed above. Rather, it is divided into a middle judicatory . The Lutheran Church - International , based in Springfield, Illinois , presently uses a traditional diocesan structure, with four dioceses in North America. Its current president

495-584: The Greek term διοίκησις, meaning "administration"). Christianity was given legal status in 313 with the Edict of Milan . Churches began to organize themselves into dioceses based on the civil dioceses , not on the larger regional imperial districts. These dioceses were often smaller than the provinces . Christianity was declared the Empire's official religion by Theodosius I in 380. Constantine I in 318 gave litigants

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540-604: The Holy See into ecclesiastical provinces for greater cooperation and common action among regional dioceses. Within an ecclesiastical province, one diocese can be designated an "archdiocese" or "metropolitan archdiocese", establishing centrality within an ecclesiastical province and denoting a higher rank. Archdioceses are often chosen based on their population and historical significance. All dioceses and archdioceses, and their respective bishops or archbishops, are distinct and autonomous. An archdiocese has limited responsibilities within

585-755: The Middle Ages ; the Maison Dieu was founded before 1267 by William de Brechin. The Maison Dieu chapel is in the care of Historic Environment Scotland . The Bank Street drill hall was completed in 1879. The Guildry Incorporation of Brechin was formed in 1629 by merchants and traders in the Burgh and in 1666 obtained recognition of its rights under Decree of the Convention of Burghs. The Guildry's historic purposes have been assumed by local government and its current functions are social and civic. On 19 October 2023, residents of

630-632: The Pope , the equivalent entity is called an eparchy or "archeparchy", with an "eparch" or "archeparch" serving as the ordinary . The Eastern Orthodox Church calls dioceses episkopies (from the Greek ἐπισκοπή) in the Greek tradition and eparchies (from ἐπαρχία) in the Slavic tradition. After the English Reformation , the Church of England retained the existing diocesan structure which remains throughout

675-756: The Protestant Reformation and more specifically the Swiss Reformation led by John Calvin . Presbyterian churches derive their name from the presbyterian form of church government , which is governed by representative assemblies of elders. The Church of Scotland is governed solely through presbyteries , at parish and regional level, and therefore has no dioceses or bishops. Congregational churches practice congregationalist church governance , in which each congregation independently and autonomously runs its own affairs. Churches of Christ , being strictly non-denominational , are governed solely at

720-514: The United Methodist Church (the United States and some other countries), a bishop is given oversight over a geographical area called an episcopal area . Each episcopal area contains one or more annual conferences , which is how the churches and clergy under the bishop's supervision are organized. Thus, the use of the term "diocese" referring to geography is the most equivalent in the United Methodist Church, whereas each annual conference

765-666: The 13th and 14th centuries, notably a handsome western tower and processional door. In 1695, following the Glorious Revolution , the town's Episcopalians were driven out of Brechin Cathedral which remained under the control of the Church of Scotland . A meeting house was set up in the High Street with a chapel being built in 1743. Following the Jacobite rising of 1745 , the chapel's seats and books were destroyed by government forces and

810-519: The 13th century until the German mediatization of 1803, the majority of the bishops of the Holy Roman Empire were prince-bishops , and as such exercised political authority over a principality, their so-called Hochstift , which was distinct, and usually considerably smaller than their diocese, over which they only exercised the usual authority of a bishop. Some American Lutheran church bodies such as

855-632: The East, where the Roman administrative apparatus was largely retained by the Byzantine Empire . In modern times, many dioceses, though later subdivided, have preserved the boundaries of a long-vanished Roman administrative division. For Gaul, Bruce Eagles has observed that "it has long been an academic commonplace in France that the medieval dioceses, and their constituent pagi , were the direct territorial successors of

900-744: The Park and in a Yard Play Area." As of 2018 the castle and gardens were open to the public in June/July. On September 11, 2022, the royal cortège carrying the body of Queen Elizabeth II from Balmoral Castle to the Palace of Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh made a private, 45 minute stop at Brechin Castle to allow the drivers and participants to rest. In 2019, the building and 70-acre grounds of Brechin Castle were put up for sale, with James Ramsay, 17th Earl of Dalhousie and chief of Clan Ramsay citing prohibitive upkeep costs as

945-786: The Ramsay clan was moved from Dalhousie Castle in Midlothian to Brechin Castle in the early 20th century. The castle is the home of the Earl of Dalhousie , the clan chieftain of Clan Maule of Panmure in Angus, and Clan Ramsay of Dalhousie. Marie Stewart, Countess of Mar entertained her brother-in-law, the Earl of Huntly at Brechin in September 1593. She hosted John Taylor the Water Poet , and King James on his return to Scotland in 1617. She had inventories made of

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990-459: The Roman civitates ." Modern usage of 'diocese' tends to refer to the sphere of a bishop's jurisdiction. This became commonplace during the self-conscious "classicizing" structural evolution of the Carolingian Empire in the 9th century, but this usage had itself been evolving from the much earlier parochia (" parish "; Late Latin derived from the Greek παροικία paroikia ), dating from

1035-1017: The Scottish Parliament, it is part of the Angus North and Mearns constituency and the North East Scotland electoral region. In the UK Parliament, it is part of the Angus and Perthshire Glens constituency . Education in Brechin is managed by the Education Department of Angus Council . There is one secondary school in the area; Brechin High School and four feeder primary schools ; Andover Primary school, Edzell Primary School, Maisondieu Primary School and Stracathro Primary School. Brechin Infirmary

1080-626: The Vice-President, who is always a deacon or layperson. Each District is headed by a 'Chair', a presbyter who oversees the district. Although the district is similar in size to a diocese, and Chairs meet regularly with their partner bishops, the Methodist superintendent is closer to the bishop in function than is the chair. The purpose of the district is to resource the circuits; it has no function otherwise. Many churches worldwide have neither bishops nor dioceses. Most of these churches are descended from

1125-631: The chapel was taken over by a qualified congregation . A new Episcopalian Church, St Andrews Church was built in 1809 and consecrated in June 1811. This was replaced by a new building in 1888. St Andrews Church is part of the Diocese of Brechin and its archives are held by the University of Dundee . Brechin is represented within Angus Council by three councillors who represent the Brechin & Edzell ward . In

1170-574: The civil administration until the town councils, in decline, lost much authority to a group of 'notables' made up of the richest councilors, powerful and rich persons legally exempted from serving on the councils, retired military, and bishops post-AD 450. As the Western Empire collapsed in the 5th century, bishops in Western Europe assumed a larger part of the role of the former Roman governors. A similar, though less pronounced, development occurred in

1215-547: The congregational level. Most Baptists hold that no church or ecclesiastical organization has inherent authority over a Baptist church. Churches can properly relate to each other under this polity only through voluntary cooperation, never by any sort of coercion. Furthermore, this Baptist polity calls for freedom from governmental control. Most Baptists believe in "Two offices of the church"—pastor-elder and deacon—based on certain scriptures ( 1 Timothy 3:1–13 ; Titus 1–2 ). Exceptions to this local form of local governance include

1260-430: The contents and furnishings of Brechin Castle in 1611 and 1622. Brechin Castle has been a stronghold of the Ramsay family since around 1645. The estate consisted of approximately 150,000 acres (61,000 ha) at its height and is now 55,000 acres (22,000 ha). The formal gardens date to the early 18th century. Agriculture and forestry largely dominate the estate grounds, but tourists can stay at several guest lodges on

1305-606: The cooperation of the presbyterium, so that, adhering to its pastor and gathered by him in the Holy Spirit through the gospel and the Eucharist, it constitutes a particular church in which the one, holy, catholic, and apostolic Church of Christ is truly present and operative." Also known as particular churches or local churches , dioceses are under the authority of a bishop . They are described as ecclesiastical districts defined by geographical territory. Dioceses are often grouped by

1350-559: The course. The course was expanded to the current layout to mark its centenary year in June 1993. The nearest National Rail station is at Montrose , which is a stop on the Dundee–Aberdeen line . The town was previously served by Brechin railway station , a terminus of several lines. It was closed to passengers in 1952, but has since reopened as part of the Caledonian Railway heritage line. Local bus services are operated predominantly by Stagecoach East Scotland . Key routes connect

1395-516: The family businesses – including Brechin Castle Garden Centre and Peggy Scott’s – were not being sold. 56°43′45″N 2°39′32″W  /  56.72917°N 2.65889°W  / 56.72917; -2.65889 Brechin Brechin ( / ˈ b r iː x ɪ n / ; Scottish Gaelic : Breichin ) is a town and former royal burgh in Angus, Scotland . Traditionally Brechin was described as

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1440-510: The grounds are included in the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland . The grounds have been in the Ramsay family since the 12th century. In 1782, under the terms of a Maule will, William Ramsay adopted the name William Ramsay Maule , thereafter uniting the family names. Ramsay-Maule appears to have remodelled the frontage to a fashionable Georgian style at this time. The seat of

1485-532: The increasingly formalized Christian authority structure in the 4th century. Dioceses ruled by an archbishop are commonly referred to as archdioceses; most are metropolitan sees , being placed at the head of an ecclesiastical province . In the Catholic Church , some are suffragans of a metropolitan see or are directly subject to the Holy See . The term "archdiocese" is not found in Catholic canon law , with

1530-634: The local membership of the Church, are referred to as the "Connexion". This 18th-century term, endorsed by John Wesley , describes how people serving in different geographical centres are 'connected' to each other. Personal oversight of the Methodist Church is exercised by the President of the Conference, a presbyter elected to serve for a year by the Methodist Conference; such oversight is shared with

1575-434: The motivating factor. A news report stated that the castle has eight reception rooms, 16 bedrooms and 10 bathrooms. Another news report made this statement: "Of the early medieval building little evidence remains. The oldest part of the current castle is the kitchen block, where can be seen a stone bearing the date 1703, but in 1711 major renovations were made which gave the building its current form". Edzell and Invermark and

1620-471: The property. The castle has been Category A Listed since 1971. The summary states that the battlemented flank walls were added in the mid-1800s, the building was remodelled 1854 and that a tower was added in 1863. Other modifications were also made in that era. A 1990s addition to the grounds is Brechin Castle Centre, described as a "Country Park with Cafe and Garden Centre, plus loads of kids activities in

1665-592: The right to have court cases transferred from the civil courts to the bishops. This situation must have hardly survived Julian , 361–363. Episcopal courts are not heard of again in the East until 398 and in the West in 408. The quality of these courts was low, and not above suspicion as the Bishop of Alexandria Troas found that clergy were making a corrupt profit. Nonetheless, these courts were popular as people could get quick justice without being charged fees. Bishops had no part in

1710-521: The same ecclesiastical province assigned to it by the Holy See. As of April 2020 , in the Catholic Church there are 2,898 regular dioceses (or eventually eparchies) consisting of: 1 papal see , 9 patriarchates , 4 major archeparchies , 560 metropolitan archdioceses , 76 single archdioceses and 2,248 dioceses in the world. In the Eastern Catholic Churches that are in communion with

1755-440: The specific term "Episcopal Unit" for both dioceses and pīhopatanga because of its unique three- tikanga (culture) system. Pīhopatanga are the tribal-based jurisdictions of Māori pīhopa (bishops) which overlap with the "New Zealand dioceses" (i.e. the geographical jurisdictions of the pākehā (European) bishops); these function like dioceses, but are never called so. Certain Lutheran denominations such as

1800-420: The term "bishopric" is used to describe the bishop together with his two counselors, not the ward or congregation of which a bishop has charge. An organization created by the Gnostic group known as the Cathars in 1167 called the Council of Saint-Félix organized Cathar communities into bishoprics, which each had a bishop presiding over a specific division, even though there was no central authority. In

1845-413: The terms "diocese" and " episcopal see " being applicable to the area under the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of any bishop. If the title of archbishop is granted on personal grounds to a diocesan bishop , his diocese does not thereby become an archdiocese. The Canon Law of the Catholic Church defines a diocese as "a portion of the people of God which is entrusted to a bishop for him to shepherd with

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1890-454: The town were evacuated due to Storm Babet . The town is well known for its cathedral, with eleventh century round tower ( Historic Environment Scotland ), one of only two of these Irish -style monuments surviving in Scotland (the other is at Abernethy , Perthshire ). The tower was originally free-standing, but is now incorporated in the framework of the cathedral. The cathedral has been much altered, but still contains medieval work of

1935-413: The town with Arbroath, Dundee and Montrose. The single-carriageway bypass of Brechin was dualled and reopened in March 1994, completing the upgrade of the newly numbered A90 between Perth and Aberdeen. Diocese In the later organization of the Roman Empire , the increasingly subdivided provinces were administratively associated in a larger unit, the diocese ( Latin dioecesis , from

1980-519: Was designed by local architect William Fettis (or Fettes) and opened in 1869 by Fox Maule-Ramsay, 11th Earl of Dalhousie . On opening, the hospital had beds for up to 30 patients. Four new wards were added in a major extension built circa 1929 and further expansion took place in 1960 when new out-patients and physiotherapy departments were included within a separate new single-storey building. The infirmary closed in 2015 and looks set to be demolished. A parochial lodging house for paupers (a poor house )

2025-410: Was opened in grounds next to the infirmary in 1880. It had accommodation for eighty persons in eleven wards. Renamed St Drostan's House, it was later used by Angus Council as a care home for the elderly. Brechin City F.C. contest in the Highland Football League at its stadium Glebe Park . Glebe Park is the only senior football ground in Europe which has a hedge along one of its perimeters. Brechin

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