52-643: Bramhamgari Matham is a village in Kadapa district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . It is located in Brahmamgari Matham mandal of Badvel revenue division. It is a pilgrimage centre. The village is known as Sri Pothuluri Veera Brahmandra Swamy who entered into a samadhi alive in front of his disciples. He is considered to be the author of the Kālagnānaṁ , a book of predictions. His prophetic texts are also known as
104-439: A peacock , a snake , a deer and the sun. On another rock, two elephants with tusks are painted. Hunting scenes with hunters carrying bows, arrows , swords , and shields also find their place in the community of these pre-historic paintings. In one of the caves, a bison is shown in pursuit of a hunter while his two companions appear to stand helplessly nearby; in another, some horsemen are seen, along with archers. In one painting,
156-547: A capacity of 1650MW is one of the biggest coal based power plant. It is near to Proddatur . The district has 29 large and medium scale industries with an investment of Rs. 10,22,943 crores providing employment to 19,410. It also has 2335 small scale units employing 21,294 persons with an investment of Rs. 688.59 Cr. Tummalapalle uranium mine was commissioned in 2012 to extract Uranium from ore. The district has 864.02 km (536.88 mi) of State Highway and 325.28 km (202.12 mi) of National Highway. The district
208-419: A large wild bovine (possibly a gaur or bison ) is seen. Yashodhar Mathpal has conducted a very careful study of the various animals depicted in these rock shelters. He has identified sloth bear, wolf, hyaena, rhinoceros, wild cattle, deer, antelopes, hare, monkeys, anteater, rats, fish, turtle, peafowl, some birds without any details among the wild animals and a domesticated dog. Deer and antelope are amongst
260-628: A later time (perhaps the Bronze Age). The Bhimbetka site has the oldest-known rock art in India, as well as is one of the largest prehistoric complexes. The Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka are 45 kilometers south-east of Bhopal and 9 km from Obedullaganj city in the Raisen District of Madhya Pradesh at the southern edge of the Vindhya Range. South of these rock shelters are successive ranges of
312-401: A major share to the economy. Paddy, Groundnut, Sunflower, Cotton, Betel Leaves, Mango, Papaya, Banana, Lemon and Sweet Orange are the major crops cultivated in the district. As per 2019-20, the gross cropped area in the district is 2,53,458 hectares, out of which 1,14,410 hectares were irrigated. Starting at Sunkesula Dam on Tungabadra river Kurnool - Cuddapa Canal ( K. C. Canal ) flows through
364-585: A place in Kadapa district history; the remnants of a buried Jain temple were found at Danavulapadu village on the banks of the Penna. In the later half of 13th Century, this region was ruled from Vallur by Ambadeva. During his rule, the land survey was carried out. Subsequently, a Kakatiya King Pratapa rudra ruled the district with Warangal as the capital. Jyothi village located in Siddavatam mandal has 108 Shiva lingas on
416-415: A population of 20,60,654, of which 809,290 (39.27%) lived in urban areas. Kadapa district had a sex ratio of 985 females per 1000 males. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 3,37,860 (16.40%) and 40,994 (2.03%) of the population respectively. Hinduism is the dominant religion with 83.02% followers followed by Islam with 15.40% followers. Languages of Kadapa district based on 2011 Census Based on
468-421: Is given below. There are 1 municipal corporation, 5 municipalities, 2 nagar panchayats in the district. ^ upgraded in 2019 The district is covered by Kadapa (fully) and Rajampet (partially) parliamentary constituencies. The assembly constituencies covering the district are given below. Kadapa district is considered to be a bastion of the ruling YSR Congress party. Agriculture contributes
520-418: Is having 6174.69 KMs of BT roads 727.03 of CC road and 1458.48 KMs of Metal roads. National Highway 40 , National Highway 716 and National Highway 67 pass through the district. The district has broad-gauge railway line of 195.13 km (121.25 mi). There are 14 railway stations covering 7 Mandals. Kadapa , Yerraguntla Junction , Proddatur and Jammalamadugu are the major railway stations from
572-472: Is located in the Raisen District in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh , about 45 kilometres (28 mi) south-east of Bhopal . It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that consists of seven hills and over 750 rock shelters distributed over 10 km (6.2 mi). At least some of the shelters were inhabited more than 100,000 years ago. The rock shelters and caves provide evidence of human settlement and
SECTION 10
#1733085926886624-538: Is no evidence of any rituals or its role as such. The boulder with the Auditorium cave is the central feature of the Bhimbetka, midst its 754 numbered shelters spread over few kilometres on either side, and nearly 500 locations where rock paintings can be found, states Bednarik. The rock shelters and caves of Bhimbetka have a large number of paintings. Some of the oldest paintings are dated to 10,000 BCE, but some of
676-478: Is one of the twenty six districts in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . In the 2022 reorganisation of Andhra Pradesh districts, the district boundary was largely restricted to the Kadapa parliamentary constituency area. It is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region. Kadapa is the administrative headquarters for this district. Barytes, limestone, asbestos and uranium are major mineral resources of
728-566: Is spread over March–May. This is followed by the South-West monsoon during June - September. North East monsoon season is spread over October–November. December–February is the winter or cold season. The average annual rainfall is 572.25 mm. The rainfall generally increases from the North-West to the South-East. October is the month with maximum rainfall. After reorganization,the district had
780-577: The Ediacaran Period , were reported from Bhimbetka; they were said to be identical with D. tenuis fossils from the Ediacara Member of Ediacara Hills in South Australia . From this, several paleogeographic conclusions were made, such as the formation of Gondwanaland by 550 million years ago. However, later examination showed that the purported fossil material was simply decayed remnants of
832-467: The Govinda Vakyas . Bramham gari mattam (Kandimallayapalle) is located 70 km away from Kadapa . It is well connected with roads. The preferable route from Kadapa to Kandimallayapalle is via Mydukuru . From Mydukur , the distance is 25 km. The nearest railway station to Bramhamgari Mattam is Kadapa . The nearest airport is Kadapa airport. The Sri Pothuluri Veerabramhendra Swamy Reservoir
884-651: The Satpura hills. It is inside the Ratapani Wildlife Sanctuary , embedded in sandstone rocks, in the foothills of the Vindhya Range. The site consists of seven hills: Vinayaka, Bhonrawali, Bhimbetka, Lakha Juar (east and west), Jhondra and Muni Babaki Pahari. Bhimbetka meaning "Bhima's resting place" or "Bhima's lounge" , is compound word made of Bhima (second brother among the five Pandavas of Mahabharata ) and Baithaka (seat or lounge). According to
936-521: The 1970s that the scale and true significance of the Bhimbetka rock shelters was discovered and reported. Since then, more than 750 rock shelters have been identified. The Bhimbetka group contains 243 of these, while the Lakha Juar group nearby has 178 shelters. According to Archaeological Survey of India , the evidence suggests that there has been a continuous human settlement here from the Stone Age through
988-479: The 2011 census, as computed for the revised district boundaries of 2022, 84.66% of the population spoke Telugu and 14.37% Urdu as their first language. The district is divided into 4 revenue divisions: Badvel , Jammalamadugu , Kadapa and Pulivendula , which are further subdivided into a total of 36 mandals , each headed by a sub-collector. The list of 36 mandals in YSR district, divided into 4 revenue divisions,
1040-453: The area and referred to Bhimbetka as a Buddhist site. The first archaeologist to visit a few caves at the site and discover its prehistoric significance was V. S. Wakankar , who saw these rock formations and thought these were similar to those he had seen in Spain and France. He visited the area with a team of archaeologists and reported several prehistoric rock shelters in 1957. It was only in
1092-546: The bank of the river Penna which are dated to the rule of Kakatiyas. In A.D.1309, Allah-ud-din Khilji defeated PratapaRudra and took over the region. In 1344, the confederation of Hindu kings overthrew the Muslim rule. This led to the formation of Vijayanagar Empire , who ruled the area for two centuries. Gandikota fort located on the bank of the Penna river was the citadel of Pemmasani Nayaks , commanders of Vijayanagar army. After
SECTION 20
#17330859268861144-536: The course of its history upto medieval period. Later on it was ruled as part of British East India company. Many paleolithic sites were found in Kadapa district, as the surroundings of Jammalamadugu, Mailavaram Dam and Gandikota. Some megalithic burial sites were explored near Porumamilla, Sankhavaram and at Yellatur village near Kadapa. The surroundings of Vontimitta are also noted as Megalithic cultural sites. Paleolithic rock paintings found at Chintakunta caves near Muddanur in Kadapa district are said to be
1196-531: The cultural evolution from hunter-gatherers to agriculture, and expressions of prehistoric spirituality . Some of the Bhimbetka rock shelters feature prehistoric cave paintings and the earliest are dated to 10,000 BCE, corresponding to the Indian Mesolithic . These cave paintings show themes such as animals, early evidence of dance and hunting from the Stone Age as well as of warriors on horseback from
1248-564: The decade 2001–2011 was 10.87%. It has a sex ratio of 984 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 67.88%. The Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP) of the district for FY 2013-14 is ₹ 26,342 crore (US$ 3.2 billion) and contributes 5% to the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) . For the FY 2013–14, the per capita income at current prices was ₹ 70,821 (US$ 850). The primary , secondary and tertiary sectors of
1300-598: The district contribute ₹ 6,204 crore (US$ 740 million), ₹ 6,935 crore (US$ 830 million) and ₹ 13,203 crore (US$ 1.6 billion) respectively. Kadapa district occupies an area of 11,228 square kilometres (4,335 sq mi). This district is bordered on north by Nandyal district , south by Annamayya district , east by SPS Nellore district and west by Sri Sathya Sai district and Anantapur district . The main rivers in this district are Penna , Kundu , Chitravathi , Papagni , and Sagileru . Vellikonda, Palakonda, Nallamalai, Lankamalai and Yerramalai are
1352-594: The district providing water to 40 km (15 sq mi) of cultivable land. The main source of drinking water to this district is Galeru Nagari Sujala Sravanthi Project Canal. There is one major irrigation project on the river Penna at Mylavaram. There are 4 medium irrigation projects namely Lower Sagileru Project, Upper Sagileru Project, BrahmamSagar Project and Pulivendula Branch Canal. These form several reservoirs such as Brahmamsagar Reservoir, Mylavaram Dam Reservoir, Annamayya Project reservoir and Gandikota Reservoir . Rayalaseema Thermal Power Station with
1404-684: The district under Guntakal railway division . Kadapa Airport is a small airport located north west to Kadapa city. Tirupati Airport is the nearest bigger airport at a distance of 139 Kms from Kadapa city. The district has 2001 Primary Schools, 468 Upper Primary Schools, 683 High Schools, 142 Junior Colleges, 48 Degree Colleges. It also has 120 Polytechnics, Engineering colleges and Govt. Aided Professional & Special Education Colleges. Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) , one Dental college, one Homoeopathic Medical college, one Veterinary college and one IIIT centre at Rajiv Knowledge Valley, Idupulapaya of Vempalle mandal are also present in
1456-407: The district. JNTUA College of Engineering, Pulivendula is one of the government engineering colleges in the district. Yogi Vemana University offers P.G. courses for general education. CP Brown library in Kadapa is famous for its collection of manuscripts collected by CP Brown. Siddavatam (Sidhout) at a distance of 25 Km Kadapa town is famous for its fort and temples. Matli Maharajas built
1508-768: The district. Fertile black clay soil occupies 23.7% area. Barytes, Lime Stone and Asbestos are the major minerals. Napa slabs, road metal, building stone, marble, are also found in the district. Limestone is available in Yerraguntla. National Mineral Development Corporation is extracting asbestos in Brahman palli and barytes in Mangampet. Kadapa is also famous for its stone called "kadapa stone" used in building construction and for slabs especially in south India. In Tummalapalle, there are 49,000 tonnes of confirmed uranium deposits which are mined and processed locally. The summer season
1560-505: The district. The district is home to many religious and historic places of interest. Kodandarama Temple at Vontimetta, Chennakesava temple of Pushpagiri , Siddavatam Fort and Gandikota gorge are some of the famous places. The old records of the district reveal that Kadapa was previously called Gadapa which translated in Telugu to threshold . The ancient village of Kadapa with its large tank and temple of Lord Venkateswara at Devuni Kadapa
1612-528: The district. This region was transferred to Nizam by the treaties of Mysore and Srirangapatnam . Nizam of Hyderabad ceded it to the British in 1800, and in 1808 it was divided to form Kadapa (spelt Cuddapah by the British) and Bellary districts. Munro was appointed as principal Collector over the ceded districts. Munro subjugated over 80 Palegars, instituted revenue collection system through which he secured
Brahmamgari Matham - Misplaced Pages Continue
1664-408: The drawings were generally made deep inside a niche or on inner walls. Period I – ( Upper Paleolithic ): These are linear representations in green of humans dancing and hunting. Period II – ( Mesolithic ): Comparatively small in size the stylised figures in this group show linear decorations on the body. In addition to animals there are human figures and hunting scenes, giving a clear picture of
1716-578: The existence of scripts of different periods. The religious beliefs are represented by figures of yakshas , tree gods and magical sky chariots. Period VI & VII – ( Medieval ): These paintings are geometric linear and more schematic, but they show degeneration and crudeness in their artistic style. The colors used by the cave dwellers were prepared by combining black manganese oxides , red hematite and charcoal . One rock, popularly referred to as "Zoo Rock", depicts elephants , barasingha (swamp deer), bison and deer . Paintings on another rock show
1768-604: The fall of Vijayanagar kingdom, this region came under the rule of Qutub shahis, who later became part of Mughal empire. As part of Qutub Shahi rule, Riza Quli Beg under the title of Nek naam Khan and his successors ruled the region with certain degree of autonomy. Later Abdul Nabi Khan was appointed as the governor of the district in the year 1714. The Marathas invaded and defeated the nawabs of Kurnool and Kadapa in 1740. Hyder Ali took over Gurramkonda and Kadapa from Marathas in 1760. He appointed his brother-in-law Mir Saheb in Kadapa district. Thus Mir Saheb became son first ruler of
1820-485: The finances. The district headquarters were situated in Siddavatam but moved to Kadapa in 1812. On April 4, 2022, Annamayya district was formed from the parts of erstwhile YSR Kadapa district and others. As of 2011 census , Kadapa district has a population of 2,884,524. This gives it a ranking of 132 in India (out of a total of 640 ). The district has a population density of 188 inhabitants per square kilometre (490/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over
1872-422: The fort in A.D.1303. Hyder Ali destroyed it in 1770. The fort is spread over an area of 30 acres and has 17 bastions. It is called the southern gate way of Srisailam . Brahmamgari Matham (B. Mattam), is the place where SreeVeerabrahmendra Swamy, a 17th century saint and clairvoyant entered Jeevasamadhi. The annual prayer festival is held for 6 days in the month of Vysakha. Kodandarama Temple dedicated to
1924-420: The geometric figures date to as recently as the medieval period . The drawings and paintings can be classified under seven different periods. V. S. Wakankar classified the drawings and paintings into seven different periods and dated the earliest paintings to have belonged to the upper Palaeolithic to be as early as 40,000 years ago. The colours used are vegetable colours which have endured through time because
1976-509: The god Rama , is located in Vontimitta . The temple is built in Vijayanagara architectural style and is dated to the 16th century. This inspired Pothana to compose Andhra Maha Bhagavatham. It is located at a distance of 25 kilometres (16 mi) from Kadapa . Some of the other tourist attractions are Chennakesava temple of Pushpagiri , Madhavaraya temple at Gandikota . Gandikota gorge
2028-567: The interior areas of Nallamalas, Lankamalas, Palakonda-Seshachalam and Velikonda forests. mungoose, jackal, fox, wolves, wild dogs, bear, the Malabar squirrel, porcupine, the Indian antelope, Indian gazelle, Blue bull, sambar, deer and wild pigs are also found in the forests. Grey partridge known as Kamju, the quail, the Jungle fowl, the dove, pigeon and wild goose are the other common birds found in this district. Red ferruginous and Black soils are common in
2080-487: The late Acheulian to the late Mesolithic until the 2nd century BCE in these caves. This information is based on the findings from the excavation of the site, the unearthed artifacts and goods, pigments present in deposits, as well as the rock paintings. The site contains the world's oldest stone walls and floors. The origin of the raw materials utilized in certain monoliths uncovered at Bhimbetka has been traced back to Barkheda. The site consisting of 1,892 hectares
2132-458: The major hill ranges in the district. The forests of Kadapa comprise fuel forests up to an elevation of 800 feet, red sanders lying between the elevation of 800 feet and 2,000 feet and Shorea Eugenia at elevations of more than 2,000 feet. The district has a forest cover of 28.49%. The Bonnet monkey (Macaca Radiata) also known as the Madras Langur is common. Tiger and Panther can be seen in
Brahmamgari Matham - Misplaced Pages Continue
2184-670: The most numerous of the wild animals depicted. The pictures include groups of hunters; one such group is depicted as running away from a rhinoceros. Other groups are engaged in hunting deer, antelopes and other prey. Spear and bow and arrow are the main weapons of hunt; fish and turtle are being caught in a net, and rats are being driven out of their burrows to be caught. The paintings are classified largely in two groups, one as depictions of hunters and food gatherers, and in others as fighters, riding on horses and elephant carrying metal weapons. The first group of paintings date to prehistoric times while second one dates to historic times. Most of
2236-448: The native belief, Bhima during his exile used to rest here to interact with the locals. Bhima Worshiped Mata Vaishavi at this location and blessed for concurring the forthcoming war. There is a famous Mata Vaishavi Temple existing at this place since long. W. Kincaid, a British India era official, first mentioned Bhimbetka in a scholarly paper in 1888. He relied on the information he gathered from adivasis (tribals) about Bhojpur lake in
2288-428: The paintings from the historic period depict battles between rulers carrying swords, spears, bows and arrows. In one of the desolate rock shelters, the painting of a man holding a trident-like staff and dancing has been nicknamed " Nataraj " by archaeologist V. S. Wakankar . It is estimated that paintings in at least 100 rock shelters might have eroded away. Fossils of Dickinsonia tenuis , an early animal from
2340-550: The paintings of the Mesolithic, these drawings reveal that during this period the cave dwellers of this area were in contact with the agricultural communities of the Malwa plains, exchanging goods with them. Period IV & V – (Early historic): The figures of this group have a schematic and decorative style and are painted mainly in red, white and yellow. The association is of riders, depiction of religious symbols, tunic-like dresses and
2392-539: The prehistoric Auditorium cave as one with a "cathedral-like" atmosphere, with "its Gothic arches and soaring spaces". Its plan resembles a "right-angled cross" with four of its branches aligned to the four cardinal directions. The main entrance points to the east. At the end of this eastern passage, at the cave's entrance, is a boulder with a near-vertical panel that is distinctive, one visible from distance and all directions. In archaeology literature, this boulder has been dubbed as "Chief's Rock" or "King's Rock", though there
2444-595: The second largest group of paintings in India after Bhimbetika rock art paintings. The rock paintings with mystic figures are also found at Dappalle village near Mylavaram Dam in Jammalamadugu Taluk of the district. This region was ruled by the Mauryan Empire and the Satavahana Empire (Andhras) . Buddhism flourished for many years along the banks of the rivers Cheyyeru and Penna . Jainism also had
2496-412: The weapons they used: barbed spears , pointed sticks, bows and arrows . Some scenes are interpreted as depicting tribal war between three tribes symbolised by their animal totems. The depiction of communal dances, birds, musical instruments, mothers and children, pregnant women, men carrying dead animals, drinking and burials appear in rhythmic movement. Period III – ( Chalcolithic ) Similar to
2548-678: Was a convenient camping place for the myriads of pilgrims travelling to the holy shrine of Tirupati . On 19 August 2005, the nomenclature of "Cuddapah" was changed to "Kadapa" by the Government of A.P. It was renamed as Y.S.R District during the year 2010, in honour of Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy , the former chief minister of United Andhra Pradesh . This region was part of Maurya empire , Satavahana dynasty , Chola dynasty , Pallava dynasty , Pandya dynasty , Bana kingdom , Rashtrakuta dynasty , Kakatiya dynasty , Vijayanagara empire , Maratha empire , kingdom of Mysore and Carnatic Sultanate during
2600-523: Was declared as protected under Indian laws and came under the management of the Archaeological Survey of India in 1990. It was declared as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2003. Of the numerous shelters, the Auditorium cave is one of the significant features of this site. Surrounded by quartzite towers which are visible from several kilometres' distance, the Auditorium rock is the largest shelter at Bhimbetka. Robert G. Bednarik describes
2652-578: Was formed in the Erramala range of hills. The river Penna flows in the gorge with a width of 100 m. Bhimbetika The Bhimbetka rock shelters are an archaeological site in central India that spans the Paleolithic and Mesolithic periods, as well as the historic period. It exhibits the earliest traces of human life in India and evidence of the Stone Age starting at the site in Acheulian times. It
SECTION 50
#17330859268862704-600: Was named after Pothuluru Veerabrahmendra Swamy and is part of the Telugu Ganga irrigation project. The reservoir is also known as the Sundupalli reservoir. Its foundation stone was laid by the late N. T. Rama Rao . The reservoir has a capacity of 17.73 tmcft . Along with the surrounding hills, the reservoir has become a popular tourist place where boats are available for hire. Kadapa district Kadapa district (officially: YSR district ; formerly: Cuddapah district )
#885114