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76-499: Brad Zellar (born November 16, 1961) is an American author and journalist. Zellar's writing often is accompanied by photographs; he has collaborated several times with photographer Alec Soth . The Coen brothers film A Serious Man , nominated for the 2009 Academy Award for Best Picture , took some inspiration for the visuals based on Zellar's book the Suburban World: The Norling Photos . His book Conductors of

152-534: A hypnagogic state is the dreamlike experience while awake that conjures vivid, sometimes realistic imagery," Soth explained in the artist statement for the project. Following a 2016 assignment on a laughter yoga workshop in India for The New York Times Magazine , Soth stopped working for a year. During an art residency in San Francisco in 2017, later returned to his practice when the choreographer Anna Halprin , who

228-523: A "narrative arc and true storytelling" and pictures in which each picture will lead to the next one. Soth has been photographing different parts of the US since his first book, Sleeping by the Mississippi , was published in 2004. His second book, Niagara , was published in 2006. One of his photos is of a woman in a bridal gown sitting outside what appears to be a motel; he describes having made an arrangement with

304-430: A couple of occasions and described him as "a nice guy when I knew him". Music producer Phil Kaufman introduced Manson to Universal Studios producer Gary Stromberg, then working on a film adaptation of the life of Jesus set in modern America. It featured a Black Jesus and southern "redneck Romans". Stromberg thought that Manson made interesting suggestions about what Jesus might do in a situation, seeming to be attuned to

380-550: A drunken stuntman at Spahn Ranch . Wilson and Melcher severed their ties with Manson, a move that angered Manson. Soon after, Melcher and Bergen moved out of the Cielo Drive home. The house's owner, Rudi Altobelli, then leased it to film director Roman Polanski and his wife, actress Sharon Tate. Manson was reported to have visited the house on more than one occasion asking for Melcher, but was told that Melcher had moved. Some authors and law enforcement personnel have theorized that

456-587: A dynamic personality; he was able to read a person's emotional weaknesses and manipulate them. For example, Manson tried to manipulate Danny DeCarlo, the treasurer of the Straight Satans motorcycle club, by granting him "access" to Family women. He convinced DeCarlo that his large penis helped keep the women in the group. Dennis Wilson of the Beach Boys picked up Patricia Krenwinkel and Ella Jo Bailey when they were hitchhiking in late spring 1968, while under

532-420: A few things and never came through with them". Melcher took to employing a bodyguard and told Manson prosecutor Vincent Bugliosi that his fear was so great he had been undergoing psychiatric treatment. Melcher was described as the most frightened of the witnesses at the trial, even though Bugliosi assured him that "Manson knew you were no longer living [on Cielo Drive]". In his 2019 book CHAOS: Charles Manson,

608-426: A film about the family and their hippie commune existence. Manson met Melcher at 10050 Cielo Drive, a house that Melcher shared with his girlfriend, actress Candice Bergen , and musician Mark Lindsay . Manson eventually auditioned for Melcher, but Melcher declined to sign him. There was still talk of a documentary being made about Manson's music, but Melcher abandoned the project after witnessing Manson fighting with

684-682: A guru, a guy named Charlie." Over the next few months, the number of women doubled in Wilson's house. He covered their costs, which amounted to approximately $ 100,000. This total included a large medical bill for treatment of their gonorrhea , and $ 21,000 for the destruction of his uninsured car, which they borrowed. Wilson would sing and talk with Manson, and they both treated the women as servants. Wilson paid for studio time to record songs written and performed by Manson and introduced him to entertainment business acquaintances, including Gregg Jakobson , Terry Melcher , and Rudi Altobelli. The latter man owned

760-615: A house which he rented to actress Sharon Tate and her husband, director Roman Polanski . Jakobson was impressed by "the whole Charlie Manson package" of artist, life-stylist, and philosopher, and he paid to record his material. Wilson moved out of his rented home when the lease expired, and his landlord evicted the Family. Manson established a base for the Family at the Spahn Ranch in August 1968 after Wilson's landlord evicted them. It had been

836-501: A lamp at the Family women. He stabbed her with the bayonet, and returned to the living room to resume attacking Leno, whom he stabbed 12 times. Krenwinkel stabbed Rosemary. Watson told Van Houten to stab the woman, too, which she did. Krenwinkel used the LaBiancas' blood to write "Rise" and "Death to pigs" on the walls, and "Healter [ sic ] Skelter" on the refrigerator door. Meanwhile, Manson directed Kasabian to drive to

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912-663: A major solo exhibition at Media Space in London in 2015. Soth was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota , United States. He studied at Sarah Lawrence College in Bronxville, New York. He was reported to be "painfully shy" in his youth. Soth liked the work of Diane Arbus . He traveled around the Mississippi River and made a self-printed book entitled Sleeping by the Mississippi which included both landscapes and portraits. Curators for

988-523: A note on Terry's porch in Malibu." The Manson murders reportedly prompted Melcher to go into seclusion. When Manson was arrested, it was widely reported that he had sent his followers to the house to kill Melcher and Bergen. Manson family member Susan Atkins, who admitted her part in the murders, stated to police and before a grand jury that the house was chosen as the scene for the murders "to instill fear into Terry Melcher because Terry had given us his word on

1064-475: A number of books and photography projects such as The LBM Dispatches (Little Brown Mushroom). These dispatches include a series on Ohio , upstate New York , Michigan , California , Colorado , and Texas . The work focuses on a wide range of subjects, often characterized as “North American ramblings” ranging from the subject matter of individuals who live "off the grid" to the "Louisiana Goth scene". In 2008, Zellar wrote Suburban World: The Norling Photos for

1140-609: A particular wedding chapel in Niagara Falls which let him take pictures of couples getting married, by photographing them after their weddings. Soth made several more photographic books including Last Days of W , a book about a country "exhausted by George W. Bush 's presidency". Soth spent the years between 2006 and 2010 exploring the idea of retreat. Using the pseudonym Lester B. Morrison, he created Broken Manual over four years (2006–2010) an underground instruction manual for those looking to escape their lives. Soth investigates

1216-641: A place on both the American Film Institute 's and National Board of Review of Motion Pictures 's Top 10 Film Lists of 2009, and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Picture . The Coens, Joel Coen and Ethan Coen , "wanted to create the era when we grew up" and stated, "so we relied a lot on our memories", which was set in 1967 in Minnesota, the same era and location as Zellar's book. Soth and Zellar collaborated again on Three Valleys in 2010. This

1292-403: A second-hand account, he overcame her resistance to him bringing other women in to live with them. Before long, they were sharing Brunner's residence with eighteen other women. Manson established himself as a guru in San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury district, which during 1967's " Summer of Love " was emerging as the signature hippie locale. Manson may have borrowed some of his philosophy from

1368-602: A sheriff's raid on the ranch which had been carried out on 16 August 1969. Manson, who suspected that Shea had helped set up the raid, apparently believed Shea was trying to get Spahn to run the Family off the ranch. Manson may have considered it a "sin" that Shea, a white man, had married a black woman. Furthermore, there was the possibility that Shea knew about the Tate–LaBianca killings. In separate trials, Family members Bruce Davis and Steve "Clem" Grogan were also found guilty of Shea's murder. In 1977, authorities learned

1444-418: A television and movie set for Westerns, but the buildings had deteriorated by the late 1960s. The ranch then derived revenue primarily from selling horseback rides. Female Family members did chores around the ranch and, occasionally, had sex on Manson's orders with the nearly blind 80-year-old owner George Spahn . The women also acted as guides for him. In exchange, Spahn allowed Manson and his group to live at

1520-427: A window to a man sleeping in the living room, the two men entered the house through an unlocked back door. Watson bound the couple and covered their heads with pillowcases. Manson left, sending Krenwinkel and Van Houten into the house. Watson sent the women to the bedroom where Rosemary had been bound. He began stabbing Leno with a bayonet in the living room. Going to the bedroom, Watson discovered Rosemary swinging

1596-626: Is also a noted blogger , having been a professional blog writer for City Pages and The Rake , and having found a popular audience in Ireland and Australia, according to Margaret A. Pribel of the Minnesota Magazine and Publishing Association. Zellar is the brother of musician Martin Zellar , leader of the band Gear Daddies . Brad appears on the cover of the Gear Daddies album Billy's Live Bait as

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1672-416: Is that Manson first met Wilson at a friend's San Francisco house where Manson had gone to obtain marijuana. Manson claimed that Wilson gave him his Sunset Boulevard address and invited him to stop by when he came to Los Angeles. Wilson said in a 1968 Record Mirror article that when he mentioned the Beach Boys' involvement with Maharishi Mahesh Yogi to a group of strange women, "they told me they too had

1748-709: The Los Angeles areas of Topanga Canyon , and Malibu and Venice along the coast. In 1967, Brunner became pregnant by Manson. On April 15, 1968, she gave birth to their son, whom she named Valentine Michael, in a condemned house where they were living in Topanga Canyon. She was assisted by several of the young women from the Family. Brunner (like most members of the group) acquired a number of aliases and nicknames, including: "Marioche", "Och", "Mother Mary", "Mary Manson", "Linda Dee Manson", and "Christine Marie Euchts". Actor Al Lewis had Manson babysit his children on

1824-647: The Minnesota Historical Society with a foreword by Soth. The book was a collection of the "complete photo negative and print archive" by Irwin Norling, an engineer at Honeywell and freelance photographer for the Bloomington, Minnesota police department. The book served as the visual inspiration for the Coen brothers ' feature film A Serious Man . The film earned a Golden Globe nomination for Michael Stuhlbarg ,

1900-529: The Process Church of the Final Judgment . Its members believed Satan would become reconciled to Jesus , and they would come together at the end of the world to judge humanity. Manson soon had the first of his groups of followers, most of them female. They were later dubbed the "Manson Family" by Los Angeles prosecutor Vincent Bugliosi and the media. Manson allegedly taught his followers that they were

1976-457: The reincarnation of the original Christians , and that the establishment could be characterized as the Romans . Sometime around 1967, he began using the alias "Charles Willis Manson." Before the end of summer, Manson and some of the women began traveling in an old school bus they had adapted, putting colored rugs and pillows in place of the many seats they had removed. They eventually settled in

2052-586: The "gravel roads surrounded by fields, and I loved to make that walk and have that feeling, that realization that it wasn't hard at all to disappear in this huge country". That realization, and his attention to "invisible people on the sidewalks of [Minneapolis]", largely influences his books. Jim Walsh summarized, "For 20 years, Zellar has made a career out of ferreting out some of the most fascinating characters that Minnesota's margins has to offer." Zellar attended Banfield Elementary School in Austin, Minnesota . His father

2128-442: The 'Live Bait' attendant. He is an avid collector of baseball memorabilia. Among his prized collection is a rare "1911 first edition of the book 'Base Ball' by Albert Spalding " and "a ball signed by Ted Williams and Mickey Mantle ". Josh Ostergaard's book, The Devil's Snake Curve: A Fan's Notes from Left Field , references some of Zellar's baseball materials. Zellar lived for a time in Austin, Minnesota , but has since moved to

2204-491: The 2004 Whitney Biennial put him in their show, and one of his photographs entitled "Charles", of a man in a flight suit on his roof holding two model airplanes, was used in their poster. Soth's work has since been compared to that of Walker Evans and Stephen Shore . He has photographed for The New York Times Magazine , Fortune and Newsweek . When he photographs people, Soth feels nervous at times. He said: "My own awkwardness comforts people, I think. It's part of

2280-710: The CIA, and the Secret History of the Sixties , Tom O'Neil reexamined the Manson case and found evidence Melcher may have been more closely involved with the Manson family than he admitted at trial. In reviewing police files and other data, O'Neill found evidence Melcher was associating with Manson in the four month period after the Tate-Labianca murders but before Manson's arrest. These documents, seemingly hidden by Bugliosi, undermined claims

2356-463: The Cielo Drive house was targeted by Manson as revenge for Melcher's rejection and that Manson was unaware that he and Bergen had moved out. However, family member Charles "Tex" Watson stated that Manson and company did, in fact, know that Melcher was no longer living there, and Melcher's former roommate Mark Lindsay stated, "Terry and I talked about it later and Terry said Manson knew (Melcher had moved) because Manson or someone from his organization left

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2432-678: The Family ) was a commune , gang , and cult led by criminal Charles Manson that was active in California in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The group at its peak consisted of approximately 100 followers, who lived an unconventional lifestyle, frequently using psychoactive drugs , including amphetamine and hallucinogens such as LSD . Most were young women from middle-class backgrounds, many of whom were attracted by hippie counterculture and communal living , and then radicalized by Manson's teachings. The group murdered at least 9 people, though they may have killed as many as 24. Manson

2508-442: The Family and turn over the assets Manson thought Hinman had inherited. The three held Hinman hostage for two days, as he denied having any money. During this time, Manson arrived with a sword and slashed Hinman's face and ear. After that, Beausoleil stabbed Hinman to death, allegedly on Manson's instruction. Before leaving the Topanga Canyon residence, Beausoleil or one of the women used Hinman's blood to write "Political piggy" on

2584-785: The Family had established headquarters in Death Valley 's environs, at the Myers and Barker ranches. The former was owned by the grandmother of Family member Catherine Gillies. According to Charles Watson and Paul Watkins , Manson and Watson visited an acquaintance who played the Beatles ' double album, The Beatles , and became obsessed with the group. Watkins claimed Manson had been saying that racial tensions between Blacks and Whites were about to erupt, predicted that Black Americans would rise up in rebellion, and that The Beatles' songs foretold it all in code. According to Watkins, by February,

2660-645: The Family murdered supermarket executive Leno LaBianca and his wife Rosemary at their home in Los Angeles. Members also committed a number of assaults, petty crimes, theft and street vandalism, including an assassination attempt on U.S. President Gerald Ford in 1975 by Manson Family member Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme . The following is a comprehensive list of individuals associated with the Manson Family cult: Following his release from prison on March 22, 1967, Charles Manson moved to San Francisco , where, with

2736-471: The Family would create an album whose songs would trigger the predicted chaos. Murders of Whites by Blacks would be met with retaliation. A split between racist and non-racist Whites would result in the Whites' self-annihilation. According to Family members Susan Atkins , Patricia Krenwinkel , Leslie Van Houten , Bobby Beausoleil , and others, the arrest of Beausoleil for the torture and murder of Gary Hinman

2812-523: The Family. Gary Allen Hinman (b. December 24, 1934 in Colorado) was a music teacher and PhD student at UCLA . At some point in the late 1960s, he befriended members of the Manson Family, allowing some to occasionally stay at his home. According to some people, including Family member Susan Atkins , Manson believed Hinman was wealthy. He sent Family members Bobby Beausoleil, Mary Brunner and Atkins to Hinman's home on July 25, 1969, to convince him to join

2888-677: The Moving World was named in Time 's "Best of 2011: The Photobooks We Loved", and was the recipient of the 2012 Photography for Design Professional Award from D&AD (British Design & Art Direction). Zellar described his childhood as having grown up in "a very active and loving family" as well as being a fairly "social kid". At the same time, he notes that much of his work was inspired from his "lonely" adolescence despite having been in an always "crowded house". The desire for "privacy and solitude" brought about his affection for isolation amongst

2964-680: The Moving World was named in Time 's Best of 2011: The Photobooks We Loved. The book was the recipient of the D&;AD 2012 Photography for Design Professional Award. He has also received awards from the Society of Professional Journalists , the Association of Alternative Newsmedia , and the Minnesota Magazine and Publishing Association. Zellar and Soth's partnership has continued with dispatches to Ohio, Texas, California, Colorado, Michigan, New York, and Georgia as part of The LBM Dispatch series. Zellar

3040-564: The Tate murders were intended to frighten Melcher in revenge for his refusal to record Manson's music. O'Neill also found documents indicating Melcher was having sex with 15-year-old Manson family member Ruth Ann Moorehouse. Dean Moorehouse, Ruth Ann's father and a Manson Family member, also had resided at 10050 Cielo Drive with Melcher. Tex Watson would also frequently visit the residence. The Tate murders became national news on August 9, 1969. The Polanskis' housekeeper, Winifred Chapman, had discovered

3116-524: The Twin Cities. Alec Soth Soth has had various books of his work published by major publishers as well as self-published through his own Little Brown Mushroom. His major publications are Sleeping by the Mississippi , Niagara, Broken Manual , Songbook , I Know How Furiously Your Heart Is Beating , and A Pound of Pictures. He has received fellowships from the McKnight and Jerome Foundations,

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3192-569: The Twin Cities. In 2004, Soth became a nominee of the Magnum Photos agency and in 2008 became a full member. Early in his career, he was also taken up by Gagosian Gallery and is now represented by Sean Kelly Gallery in New York. Soth lives with his wife Rachel Cartee and their children in Minneapolis, Minnesota . Soth's work is held in the following public collections: Manson Family The Manson Family (known among its members as

3268-404: The boyfriend of Sebring's receptionist, had delivered mescaline and cocaine to Sebring and Frykowski at Tate's house a few hours before the murders. During the Manson trial, Rostau and other associates of Sebring were murdered. In 1968, musician Dennis Wilson introduced record producer Terry Melcher to Manson. For a time, Melcher was interested in recording Manson's music, as well as making

3344-679: The dumped body of a Black Panther in Los Angeles. Although Crowe was not a member of the Black Panthers, Manson concluded he had been and expected retaliation from the Panthers. He turned Spahn Ranch into a defensive camp, establishing night patrols by armed guards. Tex Watson would later write, "Blackie was trying to get at the chosen ones." Manson brought in members of the Straight Satans Motorcycle Club to act as security. At this time, Bobby Beausoleil became more involved with

3420-409: The exact location of the remains of Shorty Shea and, contrary to Family claims, also learned that Shea had not been dismembered and buried in several places. Contacting the prosecutor in his case, Steve Grogan told him Shea's corpse had been buried intact. Grogan drew a map that pinpointed the location, and the body was recovered. Of those convicted of Manson-ordered murders, Grogan would become, in 1985,

3496-488: The exchange." When he was on the road, he'd have notes describing types of pictures he wanted taped to the steering wheel of his car. One list was: "beards, birdwatchers, mushroom hunters, men's retreats, after the rain, figures from behind, suitcases, tall people (especially skinny), targets, tents, treehouses and tree lines". With people, he'll ask their permission to photograph them, and often wait for them to get comfortable; he sometimes uses an 8x10 camera. He tries to find

3572-515: The first one to be paroled. In total, Manson and his followers were convicted of nine counts of first-degree murder . However, the LAPD believes that the Family could have claimed up to at least twelve more victims. Cliff Shepard, a former LAPD Robbery-Homicide Division detective, said that Manson "repeatedly" claimed to have killed many others. Prosecutor Stephen Kay supported this assertion: "I know that Manson one time told one of his cellmates that he

3648-403: The front door as they left. The murders created a nationwide sensation. The night of August 9, 1969, seven Family members ( Leslie Van Houten , Steve "Clem" Grogan , Charles Manson , and the four from the previous night) drove to the home of Leno and Rosemary LaBianca. Watson said that, having gone there alone, Manson returned to take him to the house with him. After Manson pointed through

3724-415: The guest house the day before. Tex Watson became involved in drug dealing and robbed a drug dealer named Bernard "Lotsapoppa" Crowe. Crowe allegedly responded with a threat to kill everyone at Spahn Ranch. In response, Charles Manson shot Crowe on July 1, 1969, at Manson's Hollywood apartment. Manson's belief that he had killed Crowe was seemingly confirmed by a news report of the discovery of

3800-414: The guest house without a word, returned to the front a minute or two later, and left. That evening, Manson returned to the property and again went to the guest house. He entered the enclosed porch and spoke with Altobelli, the owner, who had just come out of the shower. Manson asked for Melcher, but Altobelli felt that Manson was looking for him. It was later discovered that Manson had apparently been to

3876-585: The help of a prison acquaintance, he moved into an apartment in Berkeley . In prison, bank robber Alvin Karpis had taught Manson to play the steel guitar . Living mostly by begging, Manson soon became acquainted with Mary Brunner , a 23-year-old graduate of University of Wisconsin–Madison . Brunner was working as a library assistant at the University of California, Berkeley , and Manson moved in with her. According to

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3952-486: The home of an acquaintance of hers. Manson dropped off Kasabian, Grogan, and Atkins, and drove back to Spahn Ranch. Kasabian allegedly thwarted a murder by deliberately knocking on the wrong door. In a 1971 trial that took place after his Tate–LaBianca convictions, Manson was found guilty of the murders of Gary Hinman and Donald "Shorty" Shea . He was given a life sentence . Shea was a Spahn Ranch stuntman and horse wrangler who had been killed approximately ten days after

4028-610: The influence of alcohol and LSD. He took them to his Pacific Palisades house for a few hours. The following morning, when Wilson returned home from a night recording session, he was greeted by Manson in the driveway, who emerged from his house. Wilson asked the stranger whether he intended to hurt him. Manson assured him that he had no such intent and began kissing Wilson's feet. Inside the house, Wilson discovered 12 strangers, mostly women. The account given in Manson in His Own Words

4104-429: The main house, Manson was met by Shahrokh Hatami, an Iranian photographer who had befriended Polanski and Tate during the making of the documentary Mia and Roman . He was there to photograph Tate before she departed for Rome the next day. Seeing Manson approach, Hatami had gone onto the front porch to ask him what he wanted. Manson said that he was looking for someone whose name Hatami did not recognize. Hatami told him

4180-447: The members of the Family became convinced that Manson was a manifestation of Jesus Christ , and believed in his prophecies concerning an imminent, apocalyptic race war . In 1969, Manson Family members Susan Atkins , Tex Watson , and Patricia Krenwinkel entered the home of Hollywood actress Sharon Tate and murdered her and four others . Linda Kasabian was also present, but did not take part. The following night, members of

4256-521: The murder scene when she arrived for work that morning. On August 10, detectives of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department , which had jurisdiction in the Hinman case, informed Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) detectives assigned to the Tate case of the bloody writing at the Hinman house. According to Vincent Bugliosi , because detectives believed the Tate murders were a consequence of

4332-563: The murders were in response to a bad drug deal the day before, in which Manson went to Tate's house to sell marijuana and cocaine to Sebring and Frykowski. Instead, the two men attacked and beat Manson. In an interview with police, Frykowski's friend Witold Kaczanowski said that Frykowski had been involved with many criminals and the drug trade. In his later interview with Truman Capote, Bobby Beausoleil said, "They burned people on dope deals. Sharon Tate and that gang." Ed Sanders and Paul Krassner uncovered information that Joel Rostau,

4408-646: The other-worldly boom-and-bust landscapes of Death Valley, where the Manson Family holed up at the tail end of the 1960s." Zellar also collaborated with Soth on the House of Coates that featured photographs by Lester B. Morrison. The story centres on Morrison who, during the record cold US winter of 2010/2011, stayed in hotels along U.S. Route 52 . It was speculated by some that Morrison was in fact Soth, though both would later deny this and subsequently confirm they had both met Morrison. In 2011, Zellar's book, Conductors of

4484-482: The place was the Polanski residence. He advised Manson to try "the back alley," by which he meant the path to the guest house beyond the main house. Concerned about the stranger, he had gone down the front walk to confront Manson. Tate appeared behind Hatami in the house's front door and asked him who was calling. Hatami said that a man was looking for someone. He and Tate maintained their positions while Manson went back to

4560-457: The places in which people retreat to escape civilization, he photographs monks , survivalists , hermits and runaways . He concurrently produced the photo book From Here to There: Alec Soth's America , an overview of Soth's photography from the early 1990s to the present. In 2010, Soth flew to the United Kingdom but despite not having applied for a work visa was allowed into the country on

4636-510: The property on earlier occasions after Melcher left. Altobelli told Manson through the screen door that Melcher had moved to Malibu and said that he did not know his new address (although he did). Altobelli said that he was in the entertainment business. He had met Manson the previous year at Wilson's home and was sure that Manson already knew that. At that meeting, he had given limited compliments to Manson on some of his musical recordings, which Wilson had been playing. Altobelli told Manson he

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4712-412: The ranch for free. Lynette Fromme acquired the nickname "Squeaky" because she often squeaked when Spahn pinched her thigh. Charles Watson , a small-town Texan who had quit college and moved to California, soon joined the group at the ranch. On March 23, 1969, Manson entered the grounds of 10050 Cielo Drive , which he had known as Melcher's residence. He was not invited. As he approached

4788-432: The role. He had one of his women kiss his feet and then kissed hers in return to demonstrate the place of women. At the beach one day, Stromberg watched while Manson preached against a materialistic outlook. One of his listeners questioned him about the well-furnished bus. Manson tossed the bus keys to the doubter, who promptly drove the bus away while Manson watched, apparently unconcerned. According to Stromberg, Manson had

4864-697: The supposed inheritance of $ 21,000. She said that two days earlier Manson had told her privately that, if she wanted to "do something important", she could kill Hinman and get his money. Beausoleil was arrested on August 6, 1969, after he was caught driving Hinman's car. Police found the murder weapon in the tire well. On the night of August 8, 1969, Manson directed Tex Watson to take Susan Atkins , Linda Kasabian , and Patricia Krenwinkel to Melcher's former home at 10050 Cielo Drive in Los Angeles. According to Watson, Manson told them to kill everyone there. The home had recently been rented to actress Sharon Tate and her husband, director Roman Polanski . (Polanski

4940-459: The understanding that if he was "caught taking photographs" he could be put in prison for two years. So he handed the camera to his young daughter who took pictures in Brighton. A 2016 photo exhibition, titled Hypnagogia, featured 30 images from Soth's 20-year exploration of the state between wakefulness and sleep. "Described as a neurological phenomenon, one recurrently associated with creativity,

5016-504: The wall and to draw a panther paw, a Black Panther symbol. According to Manson and Beausoleil in magazine interviews of 1981 and 1998–1999, Beausoleil said he went to Hinman's to recover money paid to Hinman for mescaline provided to the Straight Satans that had supposedly been bad. Beausoleil added that Brunner and Atkins, unaware of his intent, went along to visit Hinman. Atkins, in her 1977 autobiography, wrote that Manson directed Beausoleil, Brunner, and her to go to Hinman's and get

5092-417: Was 97 at the time, invited him to photograph her at her home. In 2010, Soth founded the publishing house, Little Brown Mushroom (LBM). Through it, he publishes his own, and that of other like-minded people, "narrative photography books that function in a similar way to children's books," in book, magazine and newspaper formats. He has collaborated on numerous books with Brad Zellar , a Minnesota writer from

5168-748: Was a mechanic who owned a repair shop in Hollandale, Minnesota . Zellar noted that the 1985–86 Hormel strike deeply affected his hometown and ultimately his interests in covering the American Rust Belt . Zellar is a Twin Cities (Minneapolis–Saint Paul) journalist and author of several photography books. He has worked as a writer for the City Pages , the Utne Reader , and as literary critic and senior editor for The Rake . He has collaborated with Alec Soth on

5244-537: Was away in Europe working on The Day of the Dolphin ). Manson told the three women to do as Watson told them. The Family members killed the five people they found: Sharon Tate (eight and a half months pregnant), who was living there at the time, Jay Sebring , Abigail Folger, and Wojciech Frykowski, who were visiting her, and Steven Parent, who had been visiting the caretaker of the home. Atkins wrote "pig" with Tate's blood on

5320-590: Was born in 1934 and had been institutionalized or incarcerated for more than half of his life by the time he was released from prison in 1967. He began attracting acolytes in the San Francisco area. They gradually moved to a run-down ranch, called the Spahn Ranch , in Los Angeles County . The ranch burned down during a Southern California wildfire in September 1970. According to group member Susan Atkins ,

5396-434: Was leaving the country the next day, and Manson said he would like to speak with him upon his return. Altobelli said that he would be gone for more than a year. Manson said that he had been directed to the guest house by the persons in the main house; Altobelli asked Manson not to disturb his tenants. Altobelli and Tate flew together to Rome the next day. Tate asked him whether "that creepy-looking guy" had gone to see him at

5472-576: Was responsible for 35 murders." Tate's younger sister, Debra Tate, has also claimed that investigators are "just scraping the surface" when it comes to the number of Manson's victims and has further elaborated on how Manson sent her a taunting map of the Panamint Range , with crosses on it that she believed were meant to represent buried bodies. This has resulted in several excavations that have been undertaken at Manson's Barker Ranch , but they have not resulted in any bodies being found. In November 1968,

5548-691: Was technically the fourth instalment of the LBM Dispatches located in California and centered on the Silicon Valley , San Joaquin Valley , and Death Valley . John Mahoney of American Photo Magazine noted the contrast in the landscapes as the "brave new worlds and pervasive virtuality of Silicon Valley, the Depression-era remnants of agricultural settlements and immigrant communities in the San Joaquin, and

5624-483: Was the catalyst for the Family's ensuing murder spree. They wanted to convince police that the killer(s) of Hinman were still at large. Truman Capote 's interviews of Beausoleil, and that by Ann Louise Bardach in November 1981, affirmed this account. Charlie Guenther, a police detective who investigated the murders, said of Beausoleil, "He called the [Spahn] Ranch after he was arrested. The sole motive for those murders

5700-717: Was the recipient of the 2003 Santa Fe Prize for Photography, and in 2021 received an Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Photographic Society . His photographs are in the collections of the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art , the Museum of Fine Arts Houston , the Minneapolis Institute of Arts , and the Walker Art Center . His work has been exhibited widely including as part of the 2004 Whitney Biennial and

5776-409: Was to get Bobby out of jail." Bugliosi's co-prosecutor Aaron Stovitz said he believed the motive for the Tate–LaBianca murders was as copycat murders after Hinman. Other people suggested the motive was related to the drug dealing by Jay Sebring and Voytek Frykowski, and their connection with Charles Watson and Manson, and a bad drug deal. For instance, Sebring's protégé Jim Markham believes

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