43-729: The Capital and Coast District Health Board (CCDHB) was a district health board with the focus on providing healthcare to Wellington City, Porirua City and the Kāpiti Coast in New Zealand. The CCDHB employed about 6000 people across the Wellington Region . It was disestablished on 1 July 2022, with its functions and responsibilities being taken over by the national health service Te Whatu Ora (Health New Zealand). The Capital and Coast District Health Board, like most other district health boards, came into effect on 1 January 2001 established by
86-574: A large-scale reform of the healthcare system. Labour subsequently lost the election to Robert Muldoon 's National Party in the 1975 election . The Special Advisory Committee on Health Services Organisation (SACHSO) advocated establishing 14 "Area Health Boards" (AHBs), which combined the curative functions of the Hospital Boards with the preventative functions of the Department of Health 's district health offices. The Third National Government piloted
129-569: A set of objectives; they have a degree of autonomy in how they choose to achieve these. In contrast to their predecessors, the regional health authorities, the DHBs are non-profit providers. The DHB Funding and Performance Directorate of the Ministry of Health monitors the performance of individual DHBs. DHBs provided funding to primary health organisations (PHOs). DHB activities were governed by boards, which consisted of up to eleven members: seven elected by
172-461: A three-year period with an interim Health New Zealand organisation being set up in late 2021. Legislation establishing the new organisation is expected to occur in mid-2022. The second phase from late 2022 will be the expansion and development over a two-to-three year period. Epidemiologist Michael Baker described the establishment of the district health board system as driven by neoliberalism and characterised it as an "absurd system". He welcomed
215-640: A trial AHB health scheme in the Wellington and Northland regions. Due to the success of the pilot scheme, the Government passed legislation establishing Area Health Boards in 1983. Following the 1984 election , the incoming Fourth Labour Government expanded the Area Health Board system. Between 1985 and 1989, the 27 existing hospital boards were restructured as AHBs. These entities were led by board members who were elected for three year terms concurrent with
258-681: A whole. During the Last Glacial Period when sea levels were over 100 metres lower than present day levels, the North and South islands were connected by a vast coastal plain which formed at the South Taranaki Bight . During this period, most of the North Island was covered in thorn scrubland and forest , while the modern-day Northland Peninsula was a subtropical rainforest . Sea levels began to rise 7,000 years ago, eventually separating
301-459: Is in the North Island", "my mother lives in the North Island". Maps, headings, tables, and adjectival expressions use North Island without "the". According to Māori mythology , the North and South Islands of New Zealand arose through the actions of the demigod Māui . Māui and his brothers were fishing from their canoe (the South Island) when he caught a great fish and pulled it right up from
344-469: Is one of the two main islands of New Zealand , separated from the larger but less populous South Island by Cook Strait . With an area of 113,729 km (43,911 sq mi), it is the world's 14th-largest island , constituting 43% of New Zealand's land area. It has a population of 4,077,800 (June 2024), which is 76% of New Zealand's residents, making it the most populous island in Polynesia and
387-610: The 1999 election , the incoming Labour-Alliance coalition government launched an extensive revamp of New Zealand's healthcare system as part its of health election pledge. Under the New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000 , the Labour-led Government replaced the Hospital and Health Services system with 21 district health boards, which came into force in 2001. These DHBs operated as subsidiary organisations of
430-448: The 28th-most-populous island in the world. Twelve main urban areas (half of them officially cities) are in the North Island. From north to south, they are Whangārei , Auckland , Hamilton , Tauranga , Rotorua , Gisborne , New Plymouth , Napier , Hastings , Whanganui , Palmerston North , and New Zealand's capital city Wellington , which is located at the south-west tip of the island. The island has been known internationally as
473-805: The Fifth National Government to form the new Southern District Health Board ; reducing the number of DHBs to 20. On 21 April 2021, Minister of Health Andrew Little announced that DHBs would be abolished and replaced by a public health agency to be called Te Whatu Ora (Health New Zealand), which will be modelled after the British National Health Service . In addition, a new Te Aka Whai Ora (Māori Health Authority) will be established to set up policies for Māori health and to decide and fund those who will deliver services. A Public Health Authority will also be established to centralise public health work. The transition will occur over
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#1732875885801516-582: The Labour government announced that the system of district health boards was to be abolished and replaced by a single agency to be called Te Whatu Ora (Health New Zealand). In addition, a new Te Aka Whai Ora (Māori Health Authority) was to be set up to regulate and provide health services to the Māori community . The district health board (DHB) system had three predecessors: the Area Health Boards (1983–1989),
559-552: The New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000 . On 1 July 2022, the Capital and Coast DHB was abolished when the Pae Ora (Healthy Futures) Act 2022 came into effect. It was merged into the newly created national health service Te Whatu Ora (Health New Zealand). Under Te Whatu Ora, a successor entity operates as the "Capital, Coast, and Hutt Valley District," which is part of the organisation's Central division. The area covered by
602-548: The North Island for many years. The Te Reo Māori name for it, Te Ika-a-Māui , also has official recognition but it remains seldom used by most residents. On some 19th-century maps, the North Island is named New Ulster (named after Ulster province in northern Ireland) which was also a province of New Zealand that included the North Island. In 2009 the New Zealand Geographic Board found that, along with
645-561: The South Island . DHBs received public funding from the Ministry of Health on behalf of the Crown , based on a formula that took into account the total number, gender, age, socio-economic status and ethnic mix of their population. DHBs were governed by boards, which were partially elected (as part of the triennial local elections ) and partially appointed by the minister of Health . In April 2021,
688-596: The Wellington Free Ambulance covering the rest of the country. On 1 May 2010 the Otago DHB and the Southland DHB merged to form a new Southern DHB, with elected members coming from two constituencies – Otago and Southland – and the remainder appointed by the Ministry of Health, with the change taking effect from the 2010 local-body elections . From 1 July 2010, a unified primary health organisation has covered
731-593: The local council bodies . In 1991, the incoming Fourth National Government introduced legislation replacing the AHB board members with Government-appointed commissioners. These changes were part of a Government "green and white paper" entitled Your Health and Public Health which proposed privatising public healthcare services in New Zealand. In 1993, the Area Health Boards were replaced by 23 Crown Health Enterprises (CHEs), which operated as state-owned enterprises and were responsible for providing health services. In addition,
774-573: The 2023 census, 63.1% of North Islanders identified as European ( Pākehā ), 19.8% as Māori , 10.6% as Pacific peoples , 19.3% as Asian , 1.9% as Middle Eastern/Latin American/African, and 1.1% as other ethnicities. Percentages add to more than 100% as people can identify with more than one ethnicity. Māori form the majority in three districts of the North Island: Kawerau (63.2%), Ōpōtiki (66.2%) and Wairoa (68.5%). Europeans formed
817-678: The Capital and Coast District Health Board is defined in Schedule 1 of the New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000 and based on territorial authority and ward boundaries as constituted as at 1 January 2001. The area can be adjusted through an Order in Council . The Wellington Regional Hospital located in Newtown is the largest of the CCDHB's facilities, serving the wider Wellington region and
860-589: The Government and medical providers concluded a series of arrangements known as the General Medical Service (GMS) benefits, which established a dual system of public and private healthcare services which would remain in place until 1983. During the 1970s, growing dissatisfaction with the quality and accessibility of the healthcare system led the Third Labour Government to issue a white paper called A health service for New Zealand, which proposed
903-465: The Government established four Regional Health Authorities (RHAs) with purchasing responsibilities. The purchaser/provider split was meant to ensure that public hospitals did not have privileged access to purchasing resources over private hospitals. Following the 1996 election , the governing National Party and its New Zealand First coalition partner merged the RHAs in 1997 into a national purchasing agency,
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#1732875885801946-655: The Health Funding Authority. Under the Health and Disability Services Amendment Act 1998, the Crown Health Enterprises were revamped as Hospital and Health Services (HHS). As part of the coalition governing arrangement, there was more emphasis on collaboration between health purchasers and providers while the HHS were reoriented to be less commercially focused with greater community input on hospital boards. Following
989-558: The Health Ministry and were responsible for providing and funding health services within a defined geographical area. Funding for the DHBs was allocated based on the Health Ministry's population-based funding formula. In addition, the HFA was disestablished and its health funding functions were transferred to the Health Ministry. On 1 May 2010, the Otago and Southland DHBs were amalgamated by
1032-487: The New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000 under the Fifth Labour Government , responsible for ensuring the provision of health and disability services to populations within a defined geographical area. They existed from 1 January 2001, when the act came into force, to 30 June 2022. Initially there were 21 DHBs, and this was reduced to 20 organisations in 2010: fifteen in the North Island and five in
1075-685: The Regional Health Authorities and Crown Health Enterprises (1993–1997), and the Health Funding Authority (HFA) and Hospital and Health Services (1998–2001). In 1938, the First Labour Government introduced the Social Security Act 1938 with the goal of creating a free public health system in New Zealand. Due to disagreements between the Government and medical professionals, this vision was not realised. In 1941,
1118-508: The South Island, the North Island had no official name. After a public consultation, the board officially named it North Island, or the aforementioned Te Ika-a-Māui, in October 2013. In prose, the two main islands of New Zealand are called the North Island and the South Island , with the definite article. It is also normal to use the preposition in rather than on , for example "Hamilton
1161-437: The South Island, this is solely due to the North Island having higher natural increase (i.e. births minus deaths) and international migration; since the late 1980s, the internal migration flow has been from the North Island to the South Island. In the year to June 2020, the North Island gained 21,950 people from natural increase and 62,710 people from international migration, while losing 3,570 people from internal migration. At
1204-462: The South Island, with the country's largest city, Auckland, and the capital, Wellington, accounting for nearly half of it. There are 30 urban areas in the North Island with a population of 10,000 or more: The sub-national GDP of the North Island was estimated at NZ$ 282.355 billion in 2021 (78% of New Zealand's national GDP). Nine local government regions cover the North Island and its adjacent islands and territorial waters. Healthcare in
1247-543: The abolition of DHBs. In October 2021, the Sixth Labour Government introduced the Pae Ora (Healthy Futures) Bill to replace the country's district health boards with the new Te Whatu Ora. The legislation would also establish the Te Aka Whai Ora and a new Public Health Agency while strengthening the Ministry of Health 's stewardship role. The bill passed its third reading on 7 June 2022. On 1 July 2022,
1290-560: The boards' expertise as deemed necessary. As part of the appointment process, the Minister of Health appoints a chairperson and a deputy-chair; either from the appointed members or from elected members. Voting for public-elected DHB board members occurred at the same time as local-body elections . Local-body elections take every three years on the second Saturday in October. As defined in the legislation, elected and appointed (if they get appointed in time) members started their term 58 days after
1333-411: The circumnavigation of New Zealand. The maps described the North Island as " Ea Heinom Auwe " and " Aeheinomowe ", which recognises the "Fish of Māui" element. Another Māori name that was given to the North Island, but is now used less commonly, is Aotearoa . Use of Aotearoa to describe the North Island fell out of favour in the early 20th century, and it is now a collective Māori name for New Zealand as
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1376-400: The conclusion of the Otago gold rush in the 1860s, New Zealand's European population growth has experienced a steady 'Northern drift' as population centres in the North Island have grown faster than those of New Zealand's South Island. This population trend has continued into the twenty-first century, but at a much slower rate. While the North Island's population continues to grow faster than
1419-437: The district health boards were formally disestablished, with Health New Zealand assuming control of all hospitals and health services. The DHB system's functions and operations were assumed by Te Whatu Ora, Te Aka Whai Ora, and the Health Ministry. In addition, Te Whatu Ora established four new regional divisions to manage health services in the former 20 district health boards: The Ministry of Health gives district health boards
1462-447: The election (i.e. in early December) and the term of the previous board finished that day. Health Boards were replaced by unelected commissioners in Hawke's Bay in 2009, Southern in 2015 and Waikato in 2019. The basis on which ministers have made such decisions have been questioned. Taranaki and Wairarapa District Health Boards maintained their own ambulance services, with St John and
1505-658: The entire new Southern DHB region, with PHO centres in Alexandra , Dunedin and Invercargill with the mandate of providing PHO resources and services, replacing the previous nine PHOs. There were 20 DHBs, organised around geographical areas, of varying population sizes, though they were not coterminous with the Regions of New Zealand : North Island The North Island ( Māori : Te Ika-a-Māui [tɛ i.kɐ ɐ mɑː.ʉ.i] , lit. 'the fish of Māui', officially North Island or Te Ika-a-Māui or historically New Ulster )
1548-648: The islands and linking the Cook Strait to the Tasman Sea . The North Island has an estimated population of 4,077,800 as of June 2024. The North Island had a population of 3,808,005 at the 2023 New Zealand census , an increase of 213,453 people (5.9%) since the 2018 census , and an increase of 570,957 people (17.6%) since the 2013 census . Of the total population, 733,893 people (19.3%) were aged under 15 years, 743,154 (19.5%) were 15 to 29, 1,721,427 (45.2%) were 30 to 64, and 609,534 (16.0%) were 65 or older. Ever since
1591-676: The northern South Island. Other facilities include the Wellington Children's Hospital, the Kenepuru Community Hospital in Porirua and the Kapiti Health Centre. The initial board was fully appointed. Since the 2001 local elections , the board has been partially elected (seven members) and in addition, up to four members get appointed by the Minister of Health. The minister also appoints the chairperson and deputy-chair from
1634-465: The plurality in the Auckland region (49.8%) and are the majority in the remaining 39 districts. The proportion of North Islanders born overseas at the 2018 census were 29.3%. The most common foreign countries of birth were England (15.4% of overseas-born residents), Mainland China (11.3%), India (10.1%), South Africa (5.9%), Australia (5.5%) and Samoa (5.3%). The North Island has a larger population than
1677-795: The pool of eleven board members. Capital and Coast DHB served a population of 303,987 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 20,280 people (7.1%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 37,326 people (14.0%) since the 2006 census . There were 110,802 households. There were 147,432 males and 156,552 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.94 males per female. The median age was 35.9 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 53,937 people (17.7%) aged under 15 years, 72,198 (23.8%) aged 15 to 29, 138,153 (45.4%) aged 30 to 64, and 39,699 (13.1%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 74.1% European/Pākehā, 11.6% Māori, 8.7% Pacific peoples, 14.5% Asian, and 3.8% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas
1720-480: The public every three years, and up to four appointed by the Government's Minister of Health . From 1 January 2001 the boards comprised appointed members only. The first elected members were chosen in the 2001 local-body elections held on 13 October using the first-past-the-post voting system (FPP). Since the 2004 local-body elections , the single transferable vote (STV, a proportional voting system) has been used. The use of appointed Board members aims to balance
1763-480: The sea. While he was not looking, his brothers fought over the fish and chopped it up. This great fish became the North Island, and thus a Māori name for the North Island is Te Ika-a-Māui ("The Fish of Māui"). The mountains and valleys are believed to have been formed as a result of Māui's brothers' hacking at the fish. During Captain James Cook 's voyage between 1769 and 1770 , Tahitian navigator Tupaia accompanied
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1806-553: Was 30.4, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people objected to giving their religion, 51.4% had no religion, 34.3% were Christian, 2.8% were Hindu, 1.3% were Muslim, 1.4% were Buddhist and 3.1% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 93,435 (37.4%) people had a bachelor or higher degree, and 25,650 (10.3%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $ 38,400, compared with $ 31,800 nationally. 64,548 people (25.8%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15
1849-553: Was that 134,694 (53.9%) people were employed full-time, 35,751 (14.3%) were part-time, and 11,379 (4.6%) were unemployed. Elections were held in October 2019 and seven members were elected, with an additional four members appointed by the Minister of Health. Ayesha Verrall was one of the elected members but she resigned when she was elected to parliament the following year. District health board District health boards ( DHBs ) in New Zealand were organisations established by
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