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75-497: Run by volunteers and co-presented by the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston , BPFF features documentaries, features, rare early works, video art pieces, as well as new films by emerging artists and youth. This Massachusetts -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about the region of Palestine is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about an American film festival

150-492: A 1.75% percent raise over the course of four years. Union representatives contrasted this with MFA director Matthew Teitelbaum's salary which, clocking in at nearly US$ 1 million, was almost 19 times larger than the average MFA worker. The Museum of Fine Arts possesses materials from a wide variety of art movements and cultures. The museum also maintains a large online database with information on over 346,000 items from its collection, accompanied with digitized images. Online search

225-511: A 30% annualized loss that was more than predicted in December 2008. At Stanford University , the endowment was reduced from $ 17 billion to $ 12 billion as of September 2009. Brown University 's endowment fell 27 percent to $ 2.04 billion in the fiscal year that ended June 30, 2009. George Washington University lost 18% in that same fiscal year, down to $ 1.08 billion. In Canada, after the financial crisis in 2008, University of Toronto reported

300-448: A building, plot of land or other assets for Muslim religious or charitable purposes with no intention of reclaiming the assets. The donated assets may be held by a charitable trust . Ibn Umar reported, Umar Ibn Al-Khattab got land in Khaybar , so he came to the prophet Muhammad and asked him to advise him about it. The Prophet said, 'If you like, make the property inalienable and give

375-575: A focus on Native American art and culture. The events included special displays related to Cyrus Dallin 's 1908 Appeal to the Great Spirit , a popular and sometimes controversial sculpture of a Native American warrior located in front of the Huntington Avenue main entrance since 1912. Community comments and feedback concerning the monumental artwork were solicited and displayed. Earlier, in March 2019,

450-560: A loan exhibition sent to the for-profit Bellagio in Las Vegas in exchange for $ 1 million. In 2011, Moody's Investors Service calculated that the museum had over $ 180 million in outstanding debt. However, the agency cited growing attendance, a large endowment, and positive cash flow as reasons to believe that the museum's finances would become stable in the near future. In 2011, the museum put eight paintings by Monet, Renoir, Pissarro, Sisley, Gauguin, and others on sale at Sotheby's , bringing in

525-419: A loss of 31% ($ 545 million) of its previous year-end value in 2009. The loss is attributed to over-investment in hedge funds. Critics like Justice Funders' Dana Kawaoka-Chen call for "redistributing all aspects of well-being, democratizing power, and shifting economic control to communities.". Endowment repatriation refers to campaigns that acknowledge the history of human and natural resource exploitation that

600-616: A man dies, only three deeds will survive him: continuing alms, profitable knowledge and a child praying for him. The two oldest known waqfiya (deed) documents are from the 9th century, while a third one dates from the early 10th century, all three within the Abbasid Period. The oldest dated waqfiya goes back to 876 CE, concerns a multi-volume Qur'an edition and is held by the Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum in Istanbul . A possibly older waqfiya

675-583: A mandatory part of a fellowship. A foundation (also a charitable foundation) is a category of nonprofit organization or charitable trust that will typically provide funding and support for other charitable organizations through grants, but may engage directly in charitable activities. Foundations include public charitable foundations, such as community foundations , and private foundations which are typically endowed by an individual or family. The term foundation though may also be used by organizations not involved in public grant-making. A financial endowment

750-505: A new wing, the endowment , and operating expenses, the museum managed to receive over $ 500 million, in addition to acquiring over $ 160 million worth of art. In 2007, the MFA announced its purchase of a nearby building then occupied by the Forsyth Institute , a dental and craniofacial research organization located at 140 Fenway . The original Beaux Arts building dates from around 1910, and

825-481: A number of Buddhist statues being sold to private collectors. Some of these statutes came into the collection of the Museum of Fine Arts. Today, these statues are the subject of preservation and restoration efforts, which have been at times viewable by the public in special exhibits. In recent years, the museum has also collected a number of works by contemporary Japanese artists. In 2011, they acquired Zetsu no. 8 (絶),

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900-468: A number of restricted endowments that are intended to fund specific areas within the institution. The most common examples are endowed professorships (also known as named chairs), and endowed scholarships or fellowships. The practice of endowing professorships began in the modern European university system in England on September 8, 1502, when Lady Margaret Beaufort , Countess of Richmond and grandmother to

975-429: A particular subject are common; in some places, a donor could fund a trust exclusively for the support of a pet. Ignoring the restriction is called " invading " the endowment. But change of circumstance or financial duress like bankruptcy can preclude carrying out the donor's intent. A court can alter the use of restricted endowment under a doctrine called cy-près meaning to find an alternative "as near as possible" to

1050-451: A portion of the initial endowment after self-initiated research into the foundation's financial support of Native and Indigenous artists and communities. This results of this research indicated "the inadequacy of philanthropic support for Native arts and artists", related feedback from an unnamed Native leader that "[o]nce [big foundations] put the stuff in place for an Indian program, then it is not usually funded very well. It lasts as long as

1125-452: A prince or monarch and their role in training government officials made early Mediterranean universities similar to Islamic madrasas , although madrasas were generally smaller, and individual teachers, rather than the madrasa itself, granted the license or degree. Waqf ( Arabic : وَقْف ; [ˈwɑqf] ), also known as 'hubous' (حُبوس) or mortmain property, is a similar concept from Islamic law , which typically involves donating

1200-471: A private prison that was directly contrary to the foundation's mission, they developed and then began to advocate for a four-part ethical framework to endowment investments conceptualized as Human Capital, Natural Capital, Civic Capital, and Financial Capital. Another example is the Ford Foundation 's co-founding of the independent Native Arts and Culture Foundation in 2007. The Ford Foundation provided

1275-655: A prudent spending policy. Endowments are often governed and managed either as a nonprofit corporation , a charitable foundation , or a private foundation that, while serving a good cause, might not qualify as a public charity. In some jurisdictions, it is common for endowed funds to be established as a trust independent of the organizations and the causes the endowment is meant to serve. Institutions that commonly manage endowments include academic institutions (e.g., colleges , universities , and private schools ); cultural institutions (e.g., museums, libraries, and theaters); service organizations (e.g., hospitals, retirement homes;

1350-467: A restrained, contemporary style by the London-based architectural firm Foster and Partners , under the directorship of Thomas T. Difraia and Childs Bertman Tseckares Architects (CBT) . The landscape architecture firm Gustafson Guthrie Nichol redesigned the Huntington Avenue and Fenway entrances, gardens, access roads, and interior courtyards. The wing opened on November 20, 2010, with free admission to

1425-558: A result of the COVID-19 pandemic , the museum was closed from March 12, 2020, through September 25, 2020. To recover from the drop in attendance caused by the pandemic, a new logo and branding campaign were announced in September 2022, along with renewed community outreach efforts. These changes were announced in tandem with the opening of the traveling exhibition of an official portrait of former US president Barack Obama by Kehinde Wiley and

1500-476: A total of $ 21.6 million, to pay for Man at His Bath by Gustave Caillebotte at a cost reported to be more than $ 15 million. A renovation included the new Art of the Americas Wing, featuring artwork from North, South, and Central America. In 2006, the groundbreaking ceremonies took place. The new wing and adjoining Ruth and Carl J. Shapiro Family Courtyard (a bright, cavernous interior space) were designed in

1575-608: A variety of ticket prices. Members of MFA, Boston can also enjoy free admission to any special exhibitions. Philip Guston Now is an exhibition organized by the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston; the National Gallery of Art, Washington ; the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston ; and Tate Modern , London. This show is also considered as America's most controversial art exhibition, as of May 2022. Its controversies are mainly due to much of his work addressing and confronting topics such as white supremacy , racism, anti-Semitism , and violence It

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1650-453: A wing along The Fens to house painting galleries. It was funded entirely by Maria Antoinette Evans Hunt, the wife of wealthy business magnate Robert Dawson Evans, and opened in 1915. From 1916 through 1925, the noted artist John Singer Sargent painted the frescoes that adorn the rotunda and the associated colonnades . The Decorative Arts Wing was built in 1928, and expanded in 1968. An addition designed by Hugh Stubbins and Associates

1725-464: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Museum of Fine Arts, Boston The Museum of Fine Arts (often abbreviated as MFA Boston or MFA ) is an art museum in Boston , Massachusetts. It is the 20th-largest art museum in the world, measured by public gallery area. It contains 8,161 paintings and more than 450,000 works of art, making it one of the most comprehensive collections in

1800-413: Is a legal structure for managing, and in many cases indefinitely perpetuating, a pool of financial , real estate , or other investments for a specific purpose according to the will of its founders and donors . Endowments are often structured so that the inflation-adjusted principal or "corpus" value is kept intact, while a portion of the fund can be (and in some cases must be) spent each year, utilizing

1875-648: Is a papyrus held by the Louvre Museum in Paris , with no written date but considered to be from the mid-9th century. The earliest known waqf in Egypt, founded by financial official Abū Bakr Muḥammad bin Ali al-Madhara'i in 919 (during the Abbasid period ), is a pond called Birkat Ḥabash together with its surrounding orchards, whose revenue was to be used to operate a hydraulic complex and feed

1950-552: Is freely available through the Internet. The museum also maintains the Conservation and Art Materials Encyclopedia Online, (CAMEO) a database that "compiles, defines, and disseminates technical information on the distinct collection of terms, materials, and techniques used in the fields of art conservation and historic preservation". CAMEO uses MediaWiki . Some highlights of the collection include: The collection of Japanese art at

2025-465: Is inherent to many large private funds. Repatriation campaigns ask for private endowments to be returned to the control of the people and communities that have been most affected by labor and environmental exploitation and often offer ethical frameworks for discussing endowment governance and repatriation. Many might say that, by definition, philanthropy is about redistributing resources. Yet to truly embody this principle, philanthropy must move far beyond

2100-568: Is now known as medicine and basic sciences. Today, the University of Glasgow has fifteen Regius Professorships. Private individuals also adopted the practice of endowing professorships. Isaac Newton held the Lucasian Chair of Mathematics at Cambridge beginning in 1669, more recently held by the celebrated physicist Stephen Hawking . In the United States, the endowment is often integral to

2175-530: Is the second wealthiest private foundation , with an endowment of $ 67.3 billion. Most private endowments in the United States are governed by the Uniform Prudent Management of Institutional Funds Act which is based in part on the concept of donor intent that helps define what restrictions are imposed on the principal and earnings of the fund. Endowments in the United States are commonly categorized in one of three ways: All endowments ensure that

2250-403: Is typically overseen by a board of trustees and managed by a trustee or team of professional managers. Typically, the financial operation of the endowment is designed to achieve the stated objectives of the endowment. In the United States, typically 4–6% of the endowment's assets are spent every year to fund operations or capital spending. Any excess earnings are typically reinvested to augment

2325-657: The Japanese Occupation . The relics will be transferred to the Heoam Temple in Yangju , South Korea, where they are believed to have originated. The libraries at the Museum of Fine Arts consist of a main library, eight curatorial departmental libraries, and the Center for Netherlandish Art Library. Collectively they hold over 450,000 items, including 60,000 art auction catalogs, and 150,000 periodicals and ephemera. The main branch,

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2400-507: The Red Cross ); and religious organizations (e.g., churches, synagogues, mosques). Private endowments are some of the wealthiest entities in the world, notably private higher education endowments . Harvard University's endowment (valued at $ 53.2 billion as of June 2021 ) is the largest academic endowment in the world. As of 31 December 2022 , the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

2475-598: The William Morris Hunt Memorial Library, is named after the noted American artist. In 2021, the main library moved after 18 years at Horticultural Hall , two stops away on the MBTA Green Line . The new entrance for the library is on the first floor of the museum, near Sharf Information Center, in front of the Nina Saunders Suite. About one-quarter of the collection was planned to be housed on

2550-546: The "live hand" of the public as opposed to the "dead hand" of the founders of private foundations. Research published in the American Economic Review indicates that major academic endowments often act in times of economic downturn in a way opposite of the intention of the endowment. This behavior is referred to as endowment hoarding, reflecting the way that economic downturns often lead to endowments decreasing their payouts rather than increasing them to compensate for

2625-564: The 5% payout requirements for grants and distribute ALL of its power and resources. This includes spending down one's endowment, investing in local and regional economic initiatives that build community wealth rather than investing in Wall Street, giving up decision-making power for grants, and, ultimately, turning over assets to community control. After the Heron Foundation's internal audit of its investments in 2011 uncovered an investment in

2700-661: The Americas. With more than 1.2 million visitors a year, it is the 79th-most-visited art museum in the world as of 2022 . Founded in 1870 in Copley Square , the museum moved to its current Fenway location in 1909. It is affiliated with the School of the Museum of Fine Arts at Tufts . The Museum of Fine Arts was founded in 1870 and was initially located on the top floor of the Boston Athenæum . Most of its initial collection came from

2775-464: The Athenæum's Art Gallery. In 1876, the museum moved to a highly ornamented brick Gothic Revival building designed by John Hubbard Sturgis and Charles Brigham , noted for its massed architectural terracotta . It was located in Copley Square at Dartmouth and St. James Streets. It was built almost entirely of brick and terracotta, which was imported from England, with some stone about its base. After

2850-674: The Boston area. The Artist and the children create a collaborative work of art inspired by the Museum's encyclopedic collection, and the completed project is exhibited in the Edward H. Linde Gallery (168) in the Linde Family Wing for Contemporary Art at the MFA. The MFA offers accessibility accommodations for visitors who may be visually, audibly, or physically impaired. Special programming and tours are available for blind, ASL -fluent, cognitively-impaired, autistic , and medically assisted guests. In

2925-571: The Japanese cities of Tokyo, Nagoya, Osaka and Fukuoka, and was well received. In 2023 the museum held an exhibition entitled "Hokusai: Inspiration and Influence" celebrating the origins, works, and cultural impact of Japanese artist Hokusai . In April 2024, the museum donated several 14th-century Buddhist Śarīra relics that were in its collection since 1939 to the Jogye Order as part of an agreement to repatriate artifacts taken from Korea during

3000-837: The MFA had held a special public symposium to discuss the historical background and present-day significance of the sculpture. In 2020 the MFA had planned to offer 11 annual Community Celebrations, featuring free admission for all visitors, and special events such as dance performances, music, tours, craft demonstrations, and hands-on art making. This series included day-long Martin Luther King Jr. Day , Lunar New Year , Memorial Day , Highland Street Foundation Free Fun Friday, and Indigenous Peoples' Day celebrations. In addition, on Wednesday evenings, which were already free from 4pm to 10pm, special celebrations of Nowruz , Juneteenth , Latinx Heritage Night , ASL Night, Diwali , and Hanukkah were featured. To commemorate its 150th anniversary,

3075-600: The MFA moved out in 1909, this original building was demolished, and the Copley Plaza Hotel (now the Fairmont Copley Plaza ) replaced it in 1912. During the early years of the museum, Charles Greely Loring , a former Union Army general, served as its first director, leading from 1876 to early 1902 when he resigned for health reasons. In 1907, plans were laid to build a new home for the museum on Huntington Avenue in Boston's Fenway–Kenmore neighborhood, near

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3150-655: The MFA offered a free one-year family membership to anyone who attended one of its special Community Celebrations or MFA Late Nite programs during 2020. This "First Year Free Membership" program was available to anyone who had not previously been a member of the museum. The 150th year exhibitions included major shows and events featuring art by women and minority artists. The Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, hosts special exhibitions consisting of items borrowed from other museums. These limited time events extend for several months and there are typically three exhibitions taking place concurrently since at least 1996. The collection topics of

3225-697: The Museum of Fine Arts is the largest in the world outside of Japan. Anne Nishimura Morse, the William and Helen Pounds Senior Curator of Japanese Art, oversees 100,000 total items that include 4,000 Japanese paintings, 5,000 ceramic pieces, and over 30,000 ukiyo-e prints. The base of this collection was assembled in the late 19th century through the efforts of four men, Ernest Fenollosa , Kakuzo Okakura , William Sturgis Bigelow , and Edward Sylvester Morse , each of whom had spent time in Japan and admired Japanese art. Their combined donations account for up to 75 percent of

3300-431: The United States. An endowed professorship (or endowed chair ) is a position permanently paid for with the revenue from an endowment fund specifically set up for that purpose. To set up an endowed chair generally costs between US$ 1 and $ 5 million at major research universities. Typically, the position is designated to be in a certain department. The donor might be allowed to name the position. Endowed professorships aid

3375-468: The academic world, and the university can use them to reward its best faculty or to recruit top professors from other institutions. An endowed faculty fellow is a position permanently paid for to recruit and retain new and/or junior (and above) professors who have already demonstrated superior teaching and research. The donor might be allowed to name the faculty fellowship. A faculty fellow appointment cultivates confidence and institutional loyalty, keeping

3450-592: The accompanying portrait of Michelle Obama by Amy Sherald , both on loan from the National Portrait Gallery in Washington DC. In November 2020 a significant number of MFA employees voted to unionize due to a long history of unaddressed issues related to workplace conditions and compensation inequities. The workers unionized with the local chapter of the United Auto Workers . After over 96% of

3525-523: The award of the Harleston Parker Medal , by the Boston Society of Architects . In 2015, the museum renovated its outdoors Japanese garden , Tenshin-en. The garden, which originally opened in 1988, had been designed by Japanese professor Kinsaku Nakane. The garden's kabukimon -style entrance gate was built by Chris Hall of Massachusetts, using traditional Japanese carpentry techniques. As

3600-438: The current collection. In 1890, the Museum of Fine Arts became the first museum in the United States to establish a collection and appoint a curator specifically for Japanese art. Another part of this collection is a number of Buddhist statues . In the later Meiji era of Japan, around the turn of the 20th century, government policy deemphasizing Buddhism in favor of Shintoism and financial pressures on temples resulted in

3675-717: The donor's intent. The earliest endowed chairs were established by the Roman emperor and Stoic philosopher Marcus Aurelius in Athens in AD 176. Aurelius created one endowed chair for each of the major schools of philosophy : Platonism , Aristotelianism , Stoicism , and Epicureanism . Later, similar endowments were set up in some other major cities of the Empire. The earliest universities were founded in Europe, Asia and Africa. Their endowment by

3750-579: The downturn. Large U.S.-based college and university endowments, which had posted large, highly publicized gains in the 1990s and 2000s, faced significant losses of principal in the 2008 economic downturn . The Harvard University endowment , which held $ 37 billion in June 2008, was reduced to $ 26 billion by mid-2009. Yale University , the pioneer of an approach that involved investing heavily in alternative investments such as real estate and private equity , reported an endowment of $ 16 billion as of September 2009,

3825-443: The end of apartheid, more than 150 universities divested of South African investments, although it is not clear to what extent this campaign was responsible for ending the policy. A proactive version of divestment campaigns is impact investing, or mission investing which refers to investments "made into companies, organizations, and funds with the intention to generate a measurable, beneficial social or environmental impact alongside

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3900-468: The endowment and to compensate for inflation and recessions in future years. This spending figure represents the proportion that historically could be spent without diminishing the principal amount of the endowment fund. The case of Leona Helmsley is often used to illustrate the downsides of the legal concept of donor intent as applied to endowments. In the 2000s, Helmsley bequested a multi-billion dollar trust to "the care and welfare of dogs". This trust

3975-426: The financial health of educational institutions. Alumni or friends of institutions sometimes contribute capital to the endowment. The use of endowment funding is strong in the United States and Canada but less commonly found outside of North America, with the exceptions of Cambridge and Oxford universities. Endowment funds have also been created to support secondary and elementary school districts in several states in

4050-477: The future king Henry VIII , created the first endowed chairs in divinity at the universities of Oxford ( Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity ) and Cambridge ( Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity ). Nearly 50 years later, Henry VIII established the Regius Professorships at both universities, this time in five subjects: divinity, civil law, Hebrew, Greek, and physic—the last of those corresponding to what

4125-545: The institution competitive over hiring and retention of talents. An endowed scholarship is tuition (and possibly other costs) assistance that is permanently paid for by an organisation or individual with the revenue of an endowment fund specifically set up for that purpose. It can be either merit-based or need-based (the latter is only awarded to those students for whom the college expense would cause their family financial hardship) depending on university policy or donor preferences. Some universities will facilitate donors' meeting

4200-416: The largest work in ceramicist Jun Nishida 's Zetsu (絶) series. Also important for this collection is the exhibition of its items in Japan. From 1999 to 2018, regular exchange of items was conducted between the Museum of Fine Arts and its sister museum, the now-closed Nagoya/Boston Museum of Fine Arts . In 2012, the traveling exhibition Japanese Masterpieces from the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston visited

4275-550: The library staff in coordination with the School of the Museum of Fine Arts at Tufts have been debuted two to three times per year. The MFA also has a longstanding initiative within the Community Arts program called the Community Artist Initiative Artist Project , where the museum invites a Lead Artist to spend nine months creating works with youth from twelve after-school community organizations in

4350-463: The original principal, inflation-adjusted, is held in perpetuity and prudent spending methods should be applied in order to avoid the erosion of corpus over reasonable time frames. Restricted endowments may also facilitate additional donor requirements. An expendable endowment fund is one which can be spent in certain circumstances. Endowment revenue can be restricted by donors to serve many purposes. Endowed professorships or scholarships restricted to

4425-507: The poor. In India, wakfs are relatively common among Muslim communities and are regulated by the Central Wakf Council and governed by Wakf Act 1995 (which superseded Wakf Act 1954). Academic institutions, such as colleges and universities, will frequently control an endowment fund that finances a portion of the operating or capital requirements of the institution. In addition to a general endowment fund, each university may also control

4500-426: The profit from it to charity.'" It goes on to say that Umar gave it away as alms, that the land itself would not be sold, inherited or donated. He gave it away for the poor, the relatives, the slaves, the jihad , the travelers and the guests. And it will not be held against him who administers it if he consumes some of its yield in an appropriate manner or feeds a friend who does not enrich himself by means of it. When

4575-438: The program officer who had an interest and then goes away" and recommended that an independent endowment be established and that "[n]ative leadership is crucial". Another approach to reforming endowments is the use of divestment campaigns to encourage endowments to not hold unethical investments. One of the earliest modern divestment campaigns was Disinvestment from South Africa which was used to protest apartheid policies. By

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4650-514: The public. Mayor Thomas Menino declared it "Museum of Fine Arts Day", and more than 13,500 visitors attended the opening. The 12,000-square-foot (1,100 m ) glass-enclosed courtyard now features a 42.5-foot (13.0 m) high glass sculpture, titled the Lime Green Icicle Tower , by Dale Chihuly . In 2014, the Art of the Americas Wing was recognized for its high architectural achievement by

4725-453: The recently opened Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum . Museum trustees hired architect Guy Lowell to create a design for a museum that could be built in stages, as funding was obtained for each phase. Two years later, the first section of Lowell's neoclassical design was completed. It featured a 500-foot (150 m) façade of granite and a grand rotunda . The museum moved to its new location in 1909. The second phase of construction built

4800-534: The special exhibits are divided into 13 categories: Africa and Oceania; Americas; Ancient Egypt, Nubia and the near East; Ancient Greece and Rome; Asia; Contemporary Art ; Europe; Jewelry; Judaica; Musical Instruments; Photography; Prints and Drawings; and Textile and Fashion Arts. Most special exhibitions take place at the following galleries: Edward and Nancy Roberts Family Gallery, Linde Family Wing for Contemporary Art, Ann and Graham Gund Gallery, Edward H. Linde Gallery. The exhibitions are usually open to public with

4875-518: The spring of 2019 it installed new signage for its restrooms , in an effort towards "restroom accessibility for people of all genders and abilities." The MFA publicly apologized in May 2019 after African-American and mixed-race 12- and 13-year-old visitors were allegedly targeted by employees and told "No food, no drink, and no watermelon", which is considered a racial slur in the US. A museum spokesperson said that

4950-399: The students they are helping. The amount that must be donated to start an endowed scholarship can vary greatly. Fellowships are similar, although they are most commonly associated with graduate students. In addition to helping with tuition, they may also include a stipend. Fellowships with a stipend may encourage students to work on a doctorate . Frequently, teaching or working on research is

5025-481: The third floor of the museum, along with the book conservation facilities, with the remainder stored off-site. The main library had been open to the public, and the catalog could be searched online through the Fenway Libraries Online (FLO). It is open to researchers for two three-hour sessions per week, but only by appointment requested two weeks in advance, and subject to approval. Exhibitions organized by

5100-401: The union agreed in a vote, MFA staff went on a strike for the first time on November 17, 2021. Union representatives cited unresponsive engagement from MFA management over multiple issues including stagnant wages, job security, and workplace diversity, as the reason for the strike. The union pointed out that employee wages had been frozen for two years, and that management had so far only offered

5175-430: The university by providing a faculty member who does not have to be paid entirely out of the operating budget, allowing the university to either reduce its student-to-faculty ratio, a statistic used for college rankings and other institutional evaluations, or direct money that would otherwise have been spent on salaries toward other university needs. In addition, holding such a professorship is considered to be an honour in

5250-489: The warning was actually "no water bottles", but conceded that there was no way of definitively proving what was actually said. Regardless, all museum staff dealing with school groups were to be retrained in interactions with their guests. The MFA also concluded that two of its members had been deliberately racist, and permanently banned them from visiting its grounds. In 2019 the MFA debuted its newly renamed "Indigenous Peoples' Day" (formerly Columbus Day ) celebrations, with

5325-477: Was built in 1966–1970, and another expansion by The Architects Collaborative opened in 1976. The West Wing, now the Linde Family Wing for Contemporary Art, was designed by I. M. Pei and opened in 1981. This wing now houses the museum's cafe, restaurant, meeting rooms, classrooms, and a giftshop/bookstore, as well as large exhibition spaces. In 1978, the Asiatic Wing was closed because the lack of climate control

5400-530: Was estimated at the time to total 10 times more than the combined 2005 assets of all registered animal-related charities in the United States. In 1914, Frederick Goff sought to eliminate the "dead hand" of organized philanthropy and so created the Cleveland Foundation : the first community foundation . He created a corporately structured foundation that could utilize community gifts in a responsive and need-appropriate manner. Scrutiny and control resided in

5475-579: Was jeopardizing the collection. A new control system was contingent upon the completion of the West Wing, and the Asiatic Wing reopened in 1982. The Tenshin-En Japanese Garden designed by Kinsaku Nakane opened in 1988, and the Norma Jean Calderwood Garden Court and Terrace opened in 1997. In the mid-2000s, the museum launched a major effort to renovate and expand its facilities. In a seven-year fundraising campaign between 2001 and 2008 for

5550-526: Was later expanded with a Brutalist annex building. The entire property comprised approximately 107,000 square feet (9,900 m ) on 1.6 acres (0.65 ha) of land, located across the street from the main MFA building. As of 2023 , the building is leased to nearby Northeastern University . During the Great Recession , the museum's annual budget was trimmed by $ 1.5 million. The museum increased revenues by organizing traveling exhibitions, which included

5625-547: Was originally planned to open in June 2020, but due to nationwide protests for racial equality , it was postponed to open at May. 1, 2022. The museums were aware of its controversies, so they opened a comment area on their official website for the public to share their thoughts with the museum. Among the many notable works in the collection, the following examples are in the public domain and have photographs available: A bulletin appeared under various titles from 1903 to 1983: Financial endowment A financial endowment

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