89-588: Robert Jens Rock (born April 19, 1954) is a Canadian record producer , recording engineer and musician. In 1976, Rock joined Little Mountain Sound Studios , starting out as a recording engineer and sound mixer . During his time there, he collaborated with producer Bruce Fairbairn , engineering and mixing several influential rock albums, including Loverboy 's Get Lucky (1981), Bon Jovi 's Slippery When Wet (1986), and Aerosmith 's Permanent Vacation (1987). Rock and singer-songwriter Paul Hyde formed
178-481: A Grammy nomination, the Recording Academy defines a producer: The person who has overall creative and technical control of the entire recording project, and the individual recording sessions that are part of that project. He or she is present in the recording studio or at the location recording and works directly with the artist and engineer. The producer makes creative and aesthetic decisions that realize both
267-450: A "gift" from the band to its fans. Dean went through more than 230 individual two-inch analog tapes he had transferred to digital, including this "gem" from the band's storied history. It follows the release of "Hurtin'" earlier this year. "The beauty of the Internet is the ability to make a song available right away, without waiting until you have the rest of the album done," says Dean. "It's
356-749: A Grammy Award. Metallica were fans of Rock's work on Dr. Feelgood and asked him to produce their fifth studio album, Metallica , commonly referred to as The Black Album . The album marked a departure from the band's earlier thrash metal sound and expanded the band's range, at times featuring a slower, softer and more introspective sound, such as on the ballad " The Unforgiven ", or on " Nothing Else Matters ", which featured acoustic guitar. These two songs also offered new vocal territory for James Hetfield , whose previous albums mainly showcased harder, more aggressive vocals. Rock told MusicRadar in 2013 "The thing was, James had songs that he actually had to sing... He didn't know how to sing – all he did before
445-423: A broad project, the creation of a popular music recording may be split across three specialists: the executive producer , who oversees business partnerships and financing; the vocal producer or vocal arranger, who aids vocal performance via expert critique and coaching of vocal technique, and the record producer or music producer, who, often called simply the producer, directs the overall creative process of recording
534-471: A cylinder. By the 1930s, a gramophone etched it laterally across a disc. Constrained in tonal range, whether bass or treble, and in dynamic range , records made a grand, concert piano sound like a small, upright piano, and maximal duration was four and a half minutes. Selections and performance were often altered accordingly, and playing this disc—the wax master—destroyed it. The finality often caused anxiety that restrained performance to prevent error. In
623-543: A few dates during every month, except for the month of March. While continuing to tour in 2014, it was announced on the official Loverboy home page on June 19, 2014, that the band's newest album of all-original material, Unfinished Business , was expected to be released on July 15, 2014. The first single was already available for purchase on iTunes and the title of this song was "Countin' the Nights". The band toured during that summer, including at least two free shows. In 2016
712-407: A leading A&R man of the 1950s. During the decade, A&R executives increasingly directed songs' sonic signatures, although many still simply teamed singers with musicians, while yet others exercised virtually no creative influence. The term record producer in its current meaning—the creative director of song production—appearing in a 1953 issue of Billboard magazine, became widespread in
801-516: A musical element while playing a previously recorded record, Les Paul developed a recording technique called "sound on sound". By this, the final recording could be built piece by piece and tailored, effecting an editing process. In one case, Paul produced a song via 500 recorded discs. But, besides the tedium of this process, it serially degraded the sound quality of previously recorded elements, rerecorded as ambient sound. Yet in 1948, Paul adopted tape recording, enabling true multitrack recording by
890-403: A musical project can vary in depth and scope. Sometimes in popular genres the producer may create the recording's entire sound and structure. However, in classical music recording, for example, the producer serves as more of a liaison between the conductor and the engineering team. The role is often likened to that of a film director though there are important differences. It is distinct from
979-542: A new technique, " overdubbing ". To enable overdubbing, Paul revised the tape recorder itself by adding a second playback head, and terming it the preview head . Joining the preexisting recording head, erase head, and playback head, the preview head allows the artist to hear the extant recording over headphones playing it in synchrony, "in sync", with the present performance being recorded alone on an isolated track. This isolation of multiple tracks enables countless mixing possibilities. Producers began recording initially only
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#17328761521701068-424: A real boon to creativity. It's total grass roots, DIY. Like the lyrics to 'Some Like It Hot', we're not living for tomorrow or next year." The single, artwork and accompanying music video – with a montage of a Loverboy program from the band's 1983 Keep It Up tour – prominently features the late bassist Scott Smith. "It was one of the first tunes we ever recorded," he said. "He's playing his ass off on it. I thought it
1157-525: A set of recordings in Los Angeles. Later, folklorist Archie Green called this perhaps the earliest printed use of A&R man . Actually, it says neither "A&R man" nor even "A&R", an initialism perhaps coined by Billboard magazine in 1946, and entering wide use in the late 1940s. In the 1920s and 1930s, A&R executives, like Ben Selvin at Columbia Records , Nathaniel Shilkret at Victor Records, and Bob Haring at Brunswick Records became
1246-624: A song called "Destruction" which appeared on the 1984 soundtrack of a re-edited version of the film Metropolis (1927). Lovin' Every Minute of It , the band's fourth album and first not produced by Fairbairn (it was produced by Tom Allom, best known for producing Judas Priest ), was released in August 1985, with the title single written by Mutt Lange and "This Could Be the Night" co-written by Journey 's Jonathan Cain becoming their first and second U.S. Billboard top 10 hits respectively. In 1986
1335-714: A tough gig, engineering, a lot of hours. I had to move on." The Cult 's Billy Duffy asked Rock to produce their 1989 album Sonic Temple , having admired Rock's work with Bon Jovi and Kingdom Come . The album reached the Cult's highest chart position in both the US and the UK. It also marked a longtime relationship with the band, as Rock went on to produce their albums The Cult (1994), Beyond Good and Evil (2001), Choice of Weapon (2012) and Hidden City (2016). The band's frontman, Ian Astbury, told Billboard in 2000, "[Bob Rock is] pretty much
1424-585: A video interview from March 2007, Mike Reno confirmed that the band finished recording a new studio album released in 2007. Titled Just Getting Started , it was released in October, with a clip of the first single "The One That Got Away" available on the band's MySpace page. The band continues to tour throughout Canada and the United States. The band was inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame during
1513-448: A woman the reins of an immense, creative project like making a record." Ultimately, the reasons are multiple and not fully clear, although prominently proposed factors include types of sexism and scarcity of female role models in the profession. Women producers known for producing records not their own include Sonia Pottinger, Sylvia Robinson and Carla Olson. In January 2018, a research team led by Stacy L. Smith, founder and director of
1602-402: Is a music creating project's overall supervisor whose responsibilities can involve a range of creative and technical leadership roles. Typically the job involves hands-on oversight of recording sessions; ensuring artists deliver acceptable and quality performances, supervising the technical engineering of the recording, and coordinating the production team and process. The producer's involvement in
1691-660: Is more forgiving of overmodulation , whereby dynamic peaks exceed the maximal recordable signal level: tape's limitation, a physical property, is magnetic capacity, which tapers off, smoothing the overmodulated waveform even at a signal nearly 15 decibels too "hot", whereas a digital recording is ruined by harsh distortion of " clipping " at any overshoot. In digital recording, however, a recent advancement, 32-bit float , enables DAWs to undo clipping. Still, some criticize digital instruments and workflows for excess automation, allegedly impairing creative or sonic control. In any case, as production technology has drastically changed, so have
1780-542: Is the first step in a broader effort to improve those numbers and increase diversity and inclusion for all in the music industry." Loverboy Loverboy is a Canadian rock band formed in Calgary , Alberta in 1979. Loverboy's hit singles, particularly " Turn Me Loose " and " Working for the Weekend ", have become arena rock staples and are still heard on many classic rock and classic hits radio stations across Canada and
1869-656: Is the only one to reach the #1 spot on the Billboard 200 . The album was nominated for two Grammys for Best Hard Rock Performance and won the American Music Award for best heavy metal/hard rock album in 1991. Having been impressed by his work on Metallica's self-titled album , Bon Jovi employed Rock to produce their fifth studio album, Keep the Faith (1992). In 1999 plans were made to have Rock and Fairbairn produce their album Crush , but Fairbairn died later that year and
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#17328761521701958-600: The 1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia . Hyde was one of over 50 musicians featured on the song and Rock served as one of the engineers . Rock and Hyde came up with the song's title and contributed to the French lyrics along with Rachel Paiement . Rock executive-produced the album the 2005 War Child benefit album Help!: A Day in the Life . The album included the Payolas track "At Angels Feet" and
2047-478: The 2009 Juno Awards . On February 21, 2010, the band performed at the 2010 Vancouver Olympics awards ceremony. In June 2012 the band announced its album Rock 'n' Roll Revival would be released by Frontiers Records . The band was on tour with Journey and Pat Benatar / Neil Giraldo from July 24 to November 16, 2012. It finished up 2012 on the same tour when Night Ranger took up the reins to replace Benatar. In 2013 Loverboy toured on and off for at least
2136-787: The Annenberg Inclusion Initiative, based in the USC Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism , issued a report, estimating that in the prior several years, about 2% of popular songs' producers were female. Also that month, Billboard magazine queried, "Where are all the female music producers?" Upon the Annenberg Inclusion Initiative's second annual report, released in February 2019, its department at USC reported, "2018 saw an outcry from artists, executives and other music industry professionals over
2225-554: The National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States awarding the best in the music industry. For much of his music career, Rock lived in White Rock, British Columbia . In 1995, he moved with his wife and children to Maui , Hawaii , where he established his own recording studio, Plantation Studios. Rock has six children, two boys and four girls. Record producer A record producer or music producer
2314-816: The Recording Engineer of the Year in 1982, and won the Producer of the Year award in 2000, 2005, and 2010. He was inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame in 2007 and won a Grammy Award for Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album for his work on Michael Bublé 's album To Be Loved at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards held in 2014. Rock was born in Winnipeg , Manitoba , and moved with his family to Victoria, British Columbia at 12 years of age. He attended Colquitz Junior High School and played in various bands. He regularly attended all-ages performances at such nightclubs as Club Tango,
2403-707: The "bed tracks"—the rhythm section , including the bassline , drums, and rhythm guitar—whereas vocals and instrument solos could be added later. A horn section , for example, could record a week later, and a string section another week later. A singer could perform her own backup vocals, or a guitarist could play 15 layers. Across the 1960s, popular music increasingly switched from acoustic instruments, like piano, upright bass , acoustic guitar , and brass instruments , to electronic instruments, like electric guitars , keyboards , and synthesizers , employing instrument amplifiers and speakers. These could mimic acoustic instruments or create utterly new sounds. Soon, by combining
2492-432: The 1940s advent of tape recording —which Les Paul promptly innovated further to develop multitrack recording —and the 1950s rise of electronic instruments, turned record production into a specialty. In popular music, then, producers like George Martin , Phil Spector and Brian Eno led its evolution into its present use of elaborate techniques and unrealistic sounds, creating songs impossible to originate live. After
2581-457: The 1940s, during World War II, the Germans refined audio recording onto magnetic tape—uncapping recording duration and allowing immediate playback, rerecording, and editing—a technology that premised emergence of record producers in their current roles. Early in the recording industry, a record was attained by simply having all of the artists perform together live in one take. In 1945, by recording
2670-513: The 1960s. Still, a formal distinction was elusive for some time more. A&R managers might still be creative directors, like William "Mickey" Stevenson , hired by Berry Gordy , at the Motown record label. In 1947, the American market gained audio recording onto magnetic tape. At the record industry's 1880s dawn, rather, recording was done by phonograph , etching the sonic waveform vertically into
2759-512: The 1980s, Loverboy accumulated numerous hit songs in Canada and the United States, earning four multi-platinum albums and selling millions of records. Except for a brief breakup from 1988 to 1991, the band has continued to perform live shows regularly. They are currently based in Vancouver . According to Reno, their name was chosen due to a dream by Paul Dean. He had come up with the name after spending
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2848-501: The 1980s, production's move from analog to digital further expanded possibilities. By now, DAWs, or digital audio workstations , like Logic Pro , Pro Tools and Studio One , turn an ordinary computer into a production console, whereby a solitary novice can become a skilled producer in a thrifty home studio. In the 2010s, efforts began to increase the prevalence of producers and engineers who are women, heavily outnumbered by men and prominently accoladed only in classical music. As
2937-434: The 90s"; it was ranked at #25 on Rolling Stone magazine's "100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time" in 2017, as well as #235 on Rolling Stone ' s 2020 list of "The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time." Rock went on to produce the band's albums Load (1996), ReLoad (1997), as well as the new material for the band's cover album, Garage Inc. (1998), and their album St. Anger (2003). Rock wrote and played all of
3026-554: The Broken Hearts" were hugely popular on MTV. In 1984 Loverboy recorded the United States Team theme for the 1984 Summer Olympics , "Nothing's Gonna Stop You Now". The song originally appeared on The Official Music of the 1984 Games but not on any of its albums or compilations to date. The band would often play it on tour mixing it in during the performance of "Queen of the Broken Hearts". Also in 1984, Loverboy recorded
3115-574: The Canadian charts and No. 35 on the US Billboard Hot 100 in early 1981. "The Kid Is Hot Tonite" was also a single. The band's follow-up album, Get Lucky , released in October 1981 when it was opening for Journey , included the hit tracks " Working for the Weekend ", " When It's Over " and "Lucky Ones". It became the group’s best selling album in the U.S., reaching No. 7 on the Billboard album charts and selling over four million copies. In
3204-499: The Cult 's Sonic Temple (1989), and Metallica 's 1991 self-titled album , often referred to as the Black Album . Each of these albums is the top-selling record for its respective band, and Metallica and the Cult each went on to collaborate with Rock on four subsequent albums. Rock has received twenty-seven Juno Award nominations across various categories. In addition to the four Juno Awards he won for his work with Payola$ , he won
3293-637: The Kinks produced some of their own songs, although many such songs are officially credited to specialist producers. Yet especially influential was the Beach Boys, whose band leader Brian Wilson took over from his father Murry within a couple of years after the band's commercial breakthrough. By 1964, Wilson had taken Spector's techniques to unseen sophistication. Wilson alone produced all Beach Boys recordings between 1963 and 1967. Using multiple studios and multiple attempts of instrumental and vocal tracks, Wilson selected
3382-560: The Purple Onion, and Ninth in the Fifth. In his early days he was fan of British blues-rock bands such as The Yardbirds , Cream and Led Zeppelin . Rock went to Belmont High School located in Langford , a Victoria suburb , and it was there that he met future Payolas bandmate Paul Hyde . Influenced by musical artists such as David Bowie , Slade , T. Rex , Alex Harvey and Be-Bop Deluxe ,
3471-477: The United States. After being rejected by many American record labels, Loverboy signed with Columbia/CBS Records Canada and began recording the debut album on March 20, 1980. Founding members were lead singer Mike Reno (previously with Moxy as Mike Rynoski), guitarist Paul Dean (previously with Scrubbaloe Caine and Streetheart ), keyboardist Doug Johnson, bassist Jim Clench (replaced after one gig by Scott Smith ) and drummer Matt Frenette . Throughout
3560-513: The album sold relatively poorly and the band broke up in 1988 due to tensions between Dean and Reno. Dean released a solo album, Hardcore , in May 1989 and a Loverboy greatest-hits album, Big Ones , was released later that same year, in October, to fulfill Loverboy's obligation to Columbia Records . The group briefly reunited in late 1989 to tour (with Geraldo Valentino Dominelli on keyboards filling in for Johnson) to promote it, but broke up again at
3649-409: The artist's and label's goals in the creation of musical content. Other duties include, but are not limited to: keeping budgets and schedules; adhering to deadlines; hiring musicians, singers, studios, and engineers; overseeing other staffing needs; and editing (Classical projects). The producer often selects and collaborates with a mixing engineer, who focuses on the especially technological aspects of
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3738-440: The attention of A&M Records . A year later their The four track EP Introducing Payola$ was released by A&M. The band released the album In a Place Like This in 1981. The album was produced by Rock, and was a critical success, but didn't do well commercially. The band attracted the attention of famed British songwriter and producer Mick Ronson , who produced Payolas' 1982 album No Stranger to Danger . The album included
3827-430: The band Payola$ in 1978. Payola$ were best known for the single "Eyes of a Stranger", from their 1982 album No Stranger to Danger , an album that won the band four Juno Awards . The pair also recorded together in 1987 under the name Rock and Hyde . In 1991, Rock released an album with the band Rockhead . Some of Rock's most notable works as a producer include the rock albums Dr. Feelgood by Mötley Crüe (1989),
3916-533: The band on stage, and performed bass alongside Trujillo on the songs "Dirty Window" and " Frantic ". After being hired by Little Mountain Sound Studios in 1976, Paul Hyde followed Rock to Vancouver and in 1978 they formed the Payola$ . Hyde was the band's vocalist, Rock played guitar. Rock and Hyde were the only mainstays over the band's history, having changed bassists and drummers several times. The band released their first single, "China Boys", in 1979, and attracted
4005-542: The band performed at the One X One child poverty benefit gala in Toronto the following year. Rock has been nominated for 27 Juno Awards in various categories over his career, including "Recording Engineer of the Year", "Composer of the Year" and "Producer of the Year". He has won nine Junos for both his work with Payola$ and Rock and Hyde, as well as his recording and production work with other artists. At 2007 Juno Awards ceremony, he
4094-585: The band recorded " Heaven in Your Eyes ", a song featured in the movie Top Gun , which peaked at No. 12 on the Billboard charts. Keyboardist Doug Johnson refused to appear in the video as he felt that the film glorified war , which he opposed. The release of Wildside , the band's fifth album, followed in September 1987. While it scored a minor hit with "Notorious", co-written by Jon Bon Jovi and Richie Sambora ,
4183-455: The band released two new singles, "Hurtin'" and "Some Like It Hot", the latter is described by Paul Dean as "the first and only shuffle Loverboy has ever done", comes from the same late '70s period as several of the songs found on their previous album, 2014's Unfinished Business . "Giving it all away/Living for today," sings Mike Reno on the track – which originated as a demo, but was later rearranged and augmented by Dean, describing this latest as
4272-527: The band's intense touring years from 1982 to 1986. The year 2001 also brought another round of touring, this time dedicated to Scott Smith. Ken "Spider" Sinnaeve , a former member of The Guess Who , Red Rider and Dean and Frenette's pre-Loverboy band Streetheart , joined the band on bass prior to the tour. Loverboy celebrated 25 years together in 2005 and began to perform in selected cities to commemorate this milestone. That tour continued with live concerts scheduled well into August 2006. Also in 2005, Loverboy
4361-427: The banded opted to work with Luke Ebbin . In 1995, Rock relocated to Maui and converted part of his home into his own private music production facility, known as Plantation Studios, three years later. In the 2000s, Rock's production work began to center around his home studio, although he travels to work on larger projects, such as Metallica's St. Anger . Rock told The Honolulu Advertiser in 2003, "Actually, over
4450-404: The bass guitar parts on St. Anger , replacing Jason Newsted who left Metallica in 2001. Rock was also the bassist for the band's few live performances until Robert Trujillo joined the band in February 2003. Rock was featured prominently in the 2004 documentary film Metallica: Some Kind of Monster that dealt with Metallica's internal strife and their struggles with the creative process during
4539-469: The best combinations of performance and audio quality, and used tape editing to assemble a composite performance. The 1980s advent of digital processes and formats rapidly replaced analog processes and formats, namely, tape and vinyl. Although recording onto quality tape, at least half an inch wide and traveling 15 inches per second, had limited "tape hiss" to silent sections, digital's higher signal-to-noise ratio , SNR, abolished it. Digital also imparted to
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#17328761521704628-528: The biggest rock manager in Canada at that time, Bruce Allen , who took on the band and arranged for them to make their live debut opening for Kiss at Pacific Coliseum in Vancouver, B.C. , on November 19, 1979. Originally rejected by all the major record labels in the United States, the band signed with Columbia Records of Canada, and on March 20, 1980, Loverboy went into the studio with producer Bruce Fairbairn and engineer Bob Rock to record what would be its self-titled debut album . Over that summer,
4717-505: The capabilities of tape, multitrack recording, and electronic instruments, producers like Phil Spector , George Martin , and Joe Meek rendered sounds unattainable live. Similarly, in jazz fusion , Teo Macero , producing Miles Davis 's 1970 album Bitches Brew , spliced sections of extensive improvisation sessions. In the 1960s, rock acts like the Beatles , the Rolling Stones , and
4806-640: The commercial's message with the title of one of their many hits, " Lovin' Every Minute of It ". There is also a digital short, specifically made available on National Car Rental's YouTube channel, with Warburton having the group autograph their Get Lucky album, and pledging his devotion. In 2017 the band released a new single, "Stop the Rain" and appeared at the Rockingham Festival 2017, held at Nottingham Trent University, UK, between October 20–22, 2017. The band headlined on Sunday, October 22, 2017. In 2022
4895-456: The concert was the most fun that they had had in years and decided that they wanted to do it again. They went on another live touring spree in Canada the following year before launching a 64-concert tour in the United States in 1993. The band's record label released its second and third compilation albums, Loverboy Classics and Temperature's Rising , in 1994. Loverboy Classics went Gold by 1998, coinciding with another American tour. This
4984-465: The five finalist songs of CBC Sports 's Hockey Night in Canada Anthem Challenge in late 2008. Lustre Parfait , a studio album by Rock and The Tragically Hip frontman Gord Downie , was released in 2023, five years after Downie's death. The album features songs that the pair created together between 2009 and 2016. Downie sang and wrote the lyrics for all songs on the album. Rock wrote
5073-511: The hit single "Eyes of a Stranger", which won the Juno Award for best single. Junos were also given to Rock and Hyde for their songwriting, Rock was awarded Recording Engineer of the Year, and the band as a whole won Most Promising Group . In 1987, the band (who had by then changed their name to Paul Hyde and the Payolas) again changed their name to Rock and Hyde and had two hit singles in Canada with
5162-460: The industry are Logic Pro and Pro Tools. Physical devices involved include the main mixer, MIDI controllers to communicate among equipment, the recording device itself, and perhaps effects gear that is outboard. Yet literal recording is sometimes still analog, onto tape, whereupon the raw recording is converted to a digital signal for processing and editing, as some producers still find audio advantages to recording onto tape. Conventionally, tape
5251-669: The knowledge demands, although DAWs enables novices, even teenagers at home, to learn production independently. Some have attained professional competence before ever working with an artist. Among female record producers, Sylvia Moy was the first at Motown , Gail Davies the first on Nashville's Music Row , and Ethel Gabriel , with RCA , the first at a major record label . Lillian McMurry , owning Trumpet Records , produced influential blues records. Meanwhile, Wilma Cozart Fine produced hundreds of records for Mercury Records ' classical division. For classical production, three women have won Grammy awards, and Judith Sherman 's 2015 win
5340-507: The lack of women in music" and "the plight of women in music", where women were allegedly being "stereotyped, sexualized, and shut out". Also in February 2019, the Recording Academy 's Task Force on Diversity and Inclusion announced an initiative whereby over 200 artists and producers—ranging from Cardi B and Taylor Swift to Maroon 5 and Quincy Jones —agreed to consider at least two women for each producer or engineer position. The academy's website, Grammy.com , announced, "This initiative
5429-571: The manufacturing of record discs. After World War II , pioneering A&R managers who transitioned influentially to record production as now understood, while sometimes owning independent labels, include J. Mayo Williams and John Hammond . Upon moving from Columbia Records to Mercury Records , Hammond appointed Mitch Miller to lead Mercury's popular recordings in New York. Miller then produced country-pop crossover hits by Patti Page and by Frankie Laine , moved from Mercury to Columbia, and became
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#17328761521705518-770: The music a perceived "pristine" sound quality, if also a loss of analog recordings' perceived "warm" quality and better-rounded bass. Yet whereas editing tape media requires physically locating the target audio on the ribbon, cutting there, and splicing pieces, editing digital media offers inarguable advantages in ease, efficiency, and possibilities. In the 1990s, digital production reached affordable home computers via production software. By now, recording and mixing are often centralized in DAWs, digital audio workstations —for example, Pro Tools , Logic Pro , Ableton , Cubase , Reason , and FL Studio —for which plugins , by third parties, effect virtual studio technology . DAWs fairly standard in
5607-413: The music, played guitar and produced the tracks, in addition to providing backing vocals, keyboards and percussion on some tracks. Rock was profoundly impacted by Downie's death in 2017 and took a break from the project for several years. In 1985, producer and songwriter David Foster helped assemble the supergroup , Northern Lights, to record the song " Tears Are Not Enough " to raise funds for relief of
5696-419: The next few years I'm probably going to be weaning myself off of what I do a little bit... And I would really love to be able to get involved more with local music." While Rock is best known for his work with rock and metal artists, Rock has produced such pop artists as Cher , Nelly Furtado , Jann Arden , Sarah McLachlan , and Michael Bublé . His work with Bublé on the album To Be Loved (2013) earned him
5785-444: The only person qualified to [produce us]. We're extremely strong-minded people, strong-spirited people. And we both have a very strong vision. And to get between [Billy and me] demands a lot of patience and demands a certain amount of strength. The Cult is a very muscular band; there's a lot of power and determination and spirit and a lot of spark. So, from that fire, somebody that can get a hold of that energy and harness it-and put it in
5874-700: The pair formed the Paul Kane Blues Band and toured Vancouver Island in the mid-1970s. In 1976, Rock landed a job as an apprentice recording engineer at Little Mountain Sound Studios in Vancouver and became acquainted with Vancouver's punk scene while working on tracks for punk acts, such as the Young Canadians , The Dils and the Pointed Sticks . In the years that followed, Rock worked with producer Bruce Fairbairn , providing engineering and mixing work on
5963-438: The precursors of record producers, supervising recording and often leading session orchestras. During the 1940s, major record labels increasingly opened official A&R departments, whose roles included supervision of recording. Meanwhile, independent recording studios opened, helping originate record producer as a specialty. But despite a tradition of some A&R men writing music, record production still referred to just
6052-509: The previous night with some of the bandmates, including Reno and their girlfriends, before going to the movies. The girlfriends were browsing through fashion magazines, where the guys in the band saw a Cover Girl advertisement. Cover Girl became Cover Boy, and then became Loverboy in Dean's dream later that night. After being told by Dean about the dream the next morning, Reno agreed to try it out and it stuck. Dean's manager, Lou Blair, then brought in
6141-453: The record became a huge hit with eventually over one million records sold in Canada alone. The album made its American debut in November 1980, and went on to sell over two million copies in the US. The band went on a touring spree that year putting on over 200 shows with bands such as Cheap Trick , ZZ Top , Kansas and Def Leppard . Their debut single, " Turn Me Loose ", went on to hit No. 7 on
6230-476: The recording of St. Anger . In 2006, Metallica chose producer Rick Rubin to produce their ninth studio album, Death Magnetic , ending the band's long-time relationship with Rock. Their decision to part ways with Rock was due in part to requests by their fan base, who had posted an online petition with over 1,500 signatories who felt that Rock had too much influence over the band's sound. At Metallica's 30th Anniversary Concert on December 10, 2011, Rock joined
6319-463: The recording process, namely, operating the electronic equipment and blending the raw, recorded tracks of the chosen performances, whether vocal or instrumental, into a mix , either stereo or surround sound. Then a mastering engineer further adjusts this recording for distribution on the chosen media. A producer may work on only one or two songs or on an artist's entire album, helping develop the album's overall vision. The record producers may also take on
6408-459: The right direction-is the person that's really qualified to be our producer ... He believes in us probably more than we believe in ourselves." Mötley Crüe 's manager, Doc McGhee , who also managed Bon Jovi, recommended Rock to Mötley Crüe for their first album since getting sober, Dr. Feelgood (1989). The band stayed in Vancouver for close to a year in order to work with Rock. Dr. Feelgood went on to become Mötley Crüe's best-selling album and
6497-462: The role of an executive producer , who is mostly involved in the recording project on an administrative level, and from the audio engineer who operates the recording technology. Varying by project, the producer may or may not choose all of the artists. If employing only synthesized or sampled instrumentation, the producer may be the sole artist. Conversely, some artists do their own production. Some producers are their own engineers, operating
6586-438: The role of executive producer, managing the budget, schedules, contracts, and negotiations. (Artists and Repertoires) In the 1880s, the record industry began by simply having the artist perform at a phonograph . In 1924, the trade journal Talking Machine World , covering the phonography and record industry, reported that Eddie King, Victor Records ' manager of the "New York artist and repertoire department", had planned
6675-645: The same room. Rock's son provided the voice of the child reciting the " Now I Lay Me Down to Sleep " bedtime prayer in the song. Metallica debuted in the #1 spot on the Billboard 200 and won the Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance at the 34th Annual Grammy Awards . In December 2019, it became the fourth album in American history to enter the 550-week milestone on the Billboard 200. In 1999, SPIN magazine ranked it at #52 on their list of "The 90 Greatest Albums of
6764-555: The same year Loverboy received six Juno Awards (Canada's highest award for music) in one year, a record that still stands today. Loverboy released its third album, Keep It Up , in June 1983. Its first single " Hot Girls in Love " became their most successful to that date, reaching No. 11 on the US Billboard Hot 100 . The video for the song as well as for the follow-up single "Queen of
6853-420: The seminal rock albums Get Lucky (1981) by Loverboy , Bon Jovi 's Slippery When Wet (1986), and Aerosmith 's Permanent Vacation (1987). After his work on Permanent Vacation , Rock decided he wanted to move away from audio engineering to focus mainly on music production. Rock told Billboard magazine in 1992, "If I didn't take the next step, I realized I'd be engineering the rest of my life. It's
6942-529: The song "Dirty Water", which made it to #20 on the RPM Hot 100 chart, and "I Will", which peaked at #40. In 2007, the Payolas became briefly active once more as a touring and recording act, releasing the EP Langford Part One . In 1991, Rock formed the band Rockhead with ex-Payolas drummer Chris Taylor. The band released one self-titled album in 1992 and two singles before splitting up. Rock produced
7031-431: The song in its final mix. The producer's roles can include gathering ideas, composing music, choosing session musicians , proposing changes to song arrangements, coaching the performers, controlling sessions, supervising the audio mixing , and, in some cases, supervising the audio mastering . A producer may give creative control to the artists themselves, taking a supervisory or advisory role instead. As to qualifying for
7120-440: The technology across the project: preproduction, recording, mixing , and mastering . Record producers' precursors were "A&R men", who likewise could blend entrepreneurial, creative, and technical roles, but often exercised scant creative influence, as record production still focused, into the 1950s, on simply improving the record's sonic match to the artists' own live performance. Advances in recording technology, especially
7209-467: The tour's conclusion. On October 6, 1991, the band reunited again to join fellow rockers Bryan Adams , Colin James , Chrissy Steele and Bill Henderson of Chilliwack at a benefit show at Vancouver's 86 Street Music Hall to raise over $ 50,000 for Henderson's former bandmate, Brian MacLeod , who was fighting cancer and undergoing treatment at a Houston medical clinic. The band members reportedly recalled that
7298-481: The vast majority have been men. Early in the 2010s, asked for insights that she herself had gleaned as a woman who has specialized successfully in the industry, Wendy Page remarked, "The difficulties are usually very short-lived. Once people realize that you can do your job, sexism tends to lower its ugly head." Still, when tasked to explain her profession's sex disparity, Page partly reasoned that record labels, dominated by men, have been, she said, "mistrustful of giving
7387-653: Was an early female record producer, having produced both of her Ivor Novello award-winning songs. Across the decades, many female artists have produced their own music. For instance, artists Kate Bush , Madonna , Mariah Carey , Janet Jackson , Beyoncé (even that of Destiny's Child and the Carters ), Lana Del Rey , Taylor Swift , and Lorde have produced or coproduced and Ariana Grande who produces and arranges her vocals as well as being an audio engineer. Still among specialists, despite some prominent women, including Missy Elliott in hip hop and Sylvia Massy in rock,
7476-613: Was followed by the releases of Six and Super Hits in 1997. Keyboardist Richard Sera came on to fill in for Johnson in December 1996 through 1997. The band continued touring until November 30, 2000, when bassist Scott Smith was presumed dead after being washed overboard by a large wave while sailing in San Francisco Bay. He was 45 years old. The band went on to release a live album, Live, Loud and Loose , in 2001, which consisted of refurbished early live concert recordings from
7565-404: Was her fifth. Yet in nonclassical, no woman has won Producer of the Year , awarded since 1975 and only one even nominated for a record not her own, Linda Perry. After Lauren Christy 's 2004 nomination, Linda Perry 's 2019 nomination was the next for a woman. On why no woman had ever won it, Perry commented, "I just don't think there are that many women interested." In the U.K., Lynsey de Paul
7654-521: Was inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame by the Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences (CARAS) for his lifetime contribution to popular music. In 2014, Rock won a Grammy Award for Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album for his work on Michael Bublé 's album To Be Loved . The Juno Awards are awarded annually to Canadian musicians by the Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences . The Grammy Awards were established in 1958 by
7743-492: Was lost and gone forever. And, I think it would be a really good addition to our set list!" In 2016 a commercial and digital short for National Car Rental started airing that features the band and major fan Patrick Warburton , best known for his role as David Puddy in Seinfeld . After Warburton touts that four out of five National rentals result in a free upgrade, the group piles into the rental car with Warburton and drives home
7832-404: Was one of the featured bands on the American version of Hit Me, Baby, One More Time . It performed " Working for the Weekend " and a cover version of "Hero" by Enrique Iglesias on the show. In 2006, twenty-five years after its initial release, Get Lucky was remastered and re-released with several previously unreleased songs, including the original demo of " Working for the Weekend ". In
7921-404: Was yell. This was the basis of our friendship. I taught him what I knew. We took the time to get the record to what they wanted and what I wanted." Up until Metallica , the band members were used to recording their parts separately, which were later mixed together. Rock and recording engineer Randy Staub convinced the band to record the lead single " Enter Sandman " while all four performed in
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