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30-675: It is regarded as the first internationally successful so-called Teddy boy / revival-rock'n'roll band from Germany. In 1995, they had their first international performances in England, the mother-country of the rock'n'roll revival movement of the late 1970s and early 1980s. Notable at this time were their gigs at the Teddy Boy Weekender in Great Yarmouth and at the Blackpool Rock’n’Roll-Weekender. Black Raven has appeared as

60-482: A quiff at the front and the side combed back to form a duck's arse at the rear. Another style was the "Boston", in which the hair was greased straight back and cut square across at the nape. Teddy Girls (also called Judies) wore drape jackets, pencil skirts , hobble skirts , long plaits, rolled-up jeans, flat shoes, tailored jackets with velvet collars, straw boater hats, cameo brooches, espadrilles , coolie hats and long, elegant clutch bags. Later, they adopted

90-551: A backing group for Graham Fenton of Matchbox , Sandy Ford of the Flying Saucers and to Freddie 'Fingers' Lee . A highpoint of their German career was the 2004 Jägermeister Rockliga – a competition in which eighteen bands took part. Black Raven received third place and, as a result, was invited to perform in the 2005 Rock am Ring alongside Iron Maiden , Green Day , R.E.M. , Mötley Crüe , Sonic Youth , The Hives , Slayer , Marilyn Manson , Mando Diao and Die Toten Hosen ,

120-573: A contemporary band from Düsseldorf. The band has been seen increasingly in other European countries particularly in Scandinavia and has appeared in 23 countries outside Germany including Japan, Russia and the USA. Teddy boy#Revivals Revival-Rock'n'Roll The Teddy Boys or Teds were a mainly British youth subculture of the early 1950s to mid-1960s who were interested in rock and roll and R&B music, wearing clothes partly inspired by

150-523: A head-turning, fastidious style from the fashion houses, which had launched haute-couture clothing lines recalling the Edwardian era. "It was our fashion and we made it up," declared one "Judie", succinctly writing the mantra of the Teddy Girl ethos. The style was documented by Ken Russell in a June 1955 series of Picture Post photographs titled "Teddy Girls". Russell noted that the female counterpart of

180-435: A uniform of brass-tipped pointed clogs , bell-bottomed trousers , cut like a sailor's ("bells" that measured fourteen inches round the knee and twenty-one inches round the foot) and "flashy" silk scarves. Their hair was cut short at the back and sides, but they grew long fringes, known as "donkey fringes", that were longer on the left side and plastered down on the forehead over the left eye. Peaked caps were also worn tilted to

210-669: A velvet trim collar and pocket flaps, and high-waist "drainpipe" trousers , often exposing the socks. The outfit also included a high-necked loose-collared white shirt (known as a Mr. B. collar, because it was often worn by jazz musician Billy Eckstine ); a narrow "Slim Jim" tie or western bolo tie , and a brocade waistcoat . The clothes were mostly tailor -made at great expense, and paid through weekly installments. Favoured footwear included highly polished Oxfords , chunky brogues , and crepe-soled shoes, often suede (known as brothel creepers or beetle crushers). Preferred hairstyles included long, strongly moulded greased-up hair with

240-511: A watershed in the United Kingdom. When shown in an Elephant and Castle cinema, south London in 1956, the teenage Teddy boy audience began to riot, tearing up seats and dancing in the cinema's aisles. After that, other riots took place around the country where the film was shown. Some Teds formed gangs and gained notoriety following violent clashes with rival youth gangs as well as unprovoked attacks on immigrants. The most notable clashes were

270-472: The 1958 Notting Hill race riots , in which Teddy Boys were present in large numbers and were implicated in attacks on the West Indian community. According to reports released decades after the riots, "Teddy boys armed with iron bars, butcher's knives and weighted leather belts" participated in mobs "300- to 400-strong" that targeted black residents, in one night alone leaving "five black men lying unconscious on

300-669: The Merseybeat scene in the early 60s. The Beatles' George Harrison and John Lennon emulated the Teddy Boy style in the early formation of the band. Original British rock stars such as Billy Fury also moved to the latest of rock and roll, such as beat music during the early 1960s. Following The London Rock and Roll Show held at Wembley Stadium in August 1972 (featuring American performers including Little Richard , Jerry Lee Lewis , Chuck Berry , and Bill Haley , plus UK-based support acts),

330-538: The slums of central Manchester, in the townships of Bradford , Gorton and Openshaw to the east and in Salford, to the west of the city. Gang conflicts erupted in Manchester in the early 1870s and went on sporadically for 30 years, declining in frequency and severity by the late 1890s. Scuttlers distinguished themselves from other young men in working-class neighbourhoods by their distinctive clothing. They generally wore

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360-409: The 1950s but with a large glam rock influence, including louder colours for drape jackets, brothel creepers , and socks and shiny satin shirts worn with bootlace ties , jeans and big-buckled belts. The 1970s Teddy Boys often sported flamboyant pompadour hairstyles in addition to long sideburns, and they added hairspray to grease/pomade to style their hair. In the late 1970s, the new generation became

390-576: The American fashions of toreador trousers , voluminous circle skirts , and hair in ponytails . The Teddy Girls' choices of clothes were not intended strictly for aesthetic effect; these girls were collectively rejecting post-war austerity. They were young working-class women from the poorer districts of London. They would typically leave school at the age of 14 or 15 and work in factories or offices. Teddy Girls spent much of their free time buying or making their trademark clothes . Their style originated from

420-740: The Bengal Tigers came from the cluster of streets and courts off Bengal Street in Ancoats , the Meadow Lads from Angel Meadow . Most gangs took their names from a local thoroughfare, such as Holland Street, Miles Platting , Grey Mare Lane, Bradford, or Hope Street, Salford. Gang members fought with a variety of weapons, but they all carried knives and wore heavy buckled belts, often decorated with pictures such as serpents, scorpions, hearts pierced with arrows or women's names. The thick leather belts were their most prized possessions and were wrapped tightly around

450-572: The Teddy Boy subculture was overlooked, saying: "No one paid much attention to the teddy girls before I did them, though there was plenty on teddy boys." A photo shoot by Liz Ham titled "Teddy Girls" was published by Oyster in 2009 and then in Art Monthly Australia in 2010. Although Teddy Boys became associated with rock and roll music, prior to the advent of that genre, Teddy Boys also listened and danced to jump blues , R&B , jazz and skiffle music. A well-known dance that

480-462: The Teddy Boys adopted was The Creep , a slow shuffle that was so popular with Teddy Boys that it led to their other nickname, Creepers . The song "The Creep" came out in 1953 and was written and recorded for HMV by Yorkshire-born big band leader and saxophonist Ken Mackintosh . Although this was not a rock and roll record, it was widely taken on by the Teddy Boys of the time. From 1955, rock and roll

510-526: The early 1990s, a group of Teddy Boy revivalists in the Tottenham area of north London formed "The Edwardian Drape Society" (T.E.D.S.). The group concentrated on reclaiming the style which they felt had become bastardised by pop/ glam rock bands such as Showaddywaddy and Mud in the 1970s. Scuttlers Scuttlers were members of neighbourhood-based youth gangs (known as scuttling gangs) formed in working class areas of Manchester , Salford , and

540-479: The enemies of the Westwood and Sex Pistols -inspired punks . In the spring of 1977, street battles between young punks and ageing teds happened on London's King's Road, where the earliest new-wave shops, including Westwood and McLaren's Sex (which were by then no longer selling zoot suits and ted gear), were situated. In the late 1980s, there was a move by a number of Teddy Boys to revive the 1950s Teddy Boy style. In

570-618: The fashion industry until it ended in 1949 and men's tailors in central London devised a style based on Edwardian clothing hoping to sell to young officers being demobilized from the services. However, the style—featuring tapered trousers, long jackets similar to post-war American zoot suits , and fancy waistcoats —was not popular with its target market, leaving tailors with piles of unsold clothing which, to recoup losses, were sold cheaply to menswear shops elsewhere in London. While there had been some affluent adoption—"an extravagant upper-class snub to

600-418: The left to display the fringe. The scuttlers' girlfriends also had a distinctive style of dress consisting of clogs, shawl, and a vertically striped skirt. A scuttler is a lad, usually between the ages of 14 and 18, or even 19, and scuttling consists of the fighting of two opposed bands of youths, who are armed with various weapons. Scuttling gangs were territorial fighting gangs, as reflected in their names;

630-589: The music enjoyed a renewed period of popularity. Musical momentum was maintained by the release of films such as American Graffiti and That'll Be the Day (both 1973) and glam rock reworkings by bands such as Wizzard , The Glitter Band , Mud and Showaddywaddy topping the pop charts from 1973. Concurrently, a resurgence of interest in Teddy Boy fashions was promoted by Vivienne Westwood and Malcolm McLaren through their shop Let it Rock, on London's King's Road . The new generation of Teds adopted some aspects of

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660-600: The pavements of Notting Hill." Teds were also implicated in the clashes of the 1958 St Ann's riots in Nottingham . The violent lifestyle was sensationalised in the pulp novel Teddy Boy by Ernest Ryman, first published in the UK in 1958. Teddy Boy clothing included drape jackets reminiscent of 1940s American zoot suits worn by members of Italian-American , Chicano and African-American communities (such as Cab Calloway or Louis Jordan ), usually in dark shades, sometimes with

690-451: The post-war Labour Government and its message of austerity" —it was predominantly suburban working-class youth who adopted and adapted the look (" spiv " and cosh boy associations also hastened its middle-class rejection) and, around 1952, what became the "Teddy Boy" style began to emerge, gradually spreading across Britain. The 1953 film Cosh Boy (US: The Slasher ), written by Lewis Gilbert and Vernon Harris , makes an early reference to

720-451: The style when the character, Roy (James Kenny), speaks the words "[it's a] drape...the latest cut". Although there had been youth groups with their own dress codes called scuttlers in 19th-century Liverpool and Manchester , Teddy Boys were the first youth group in Britain to differentiate themselves as teenagers, helping create a youth market. The 1955 US film Blackboard Jungle marked

750-694: The styles worn by dandies in the Edwardian period , which Savile Row tailors had attempted to re-introduce in Britain after the Second World War . A mainly British phenomenon, the Teddy Boy subculture started among teenagers in London in the early 1950s, and rapidly spread across the UK, becoming strongly associated with American rock and roll music. After World War II , male youths in delinquent gangs who had adopted Edwardian-era fashion were sometimes known as Cosh Boys , or Edwardians . The name Teddy Boy

780-408: The surrounding townships during the late 19th century. It is possible to draw parallels with the London street gangs of the 1890s, whose behaviour was labelled hooliganism . The social commentator Alexander Devine attributed the gang culture to lack of parental control, lack of discipline in schools, "base literature" and the monotony of life in Manchester's slums. Gangs were formed throughout

810-479: The turn of the century the gangs had all but died out owing to some of the worst slums having been cleared, the setting up of Working Lads' Clubs (such as Salford Lads' Club ) to engage the working youths in more peaceful activities, the spread of street football and the advent of the cinema. One initiative to provide an alternative to gang warfare resulted in the formation of St Marks (West Gorton) Football Club, which later became Manchester City FC . In 1997

840-663: The wrist at the onset of a "scuttle", so that the buckle could be used to strike at opponents. The use of knives and belts was designed to maim and disfigure rather than to kill. Some of the clashes between rival gangs involved large numbers; the Gorton Reporter described one such instance in May 1879 as involving more than 500 people. Scuttling reached a peak in 1890–91; it was said that by 1890 more youths were held in Strangeways Prison for scuttling than for any other offence. By

870-462: Was adopted by the Teddy Boys when the film Blackboard Jungle was first shown in UK cinemas, and Teddy Boys started listening to artists including Elvis Presley , Bill Haley and Eddie Cochran . Although not as big as the Americans, British rock and roll artists such as Tommy Steele , Marty Wilde , Cliff Richard , Dickie Pride , and Joe Brown became popular with the Teddy Boy culture, as did

900-550: Was coined when a 23 September 1953 Daily Express newspaper report headline shortened Edwardian to Teddy . Nevertheless, the term had previously been used in Edwardian England to refer to members of the Territorial Army (see for example The Swoop! written by P. G. Wodehouse in 1909). This was a reference to the king, Edward VII , in whose service they were. In post-war Britain, rationing continued to affect

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