Misplaced Pages

#898101

32-701: Biogradska Gora is located in the mountainous region of Bjelasica in the central part of Montenegro between the rivers Tara and Lim , and is surrounded by three municipalities: Kolašin , Berane and Mojkovac . It is the most northeasterly of the five national parks in Montenegro. The National Park is 54 km² in area. Basic elements of the Park are: untouched forest, large mountain slopes and tops over 2,000 meters high, six glacial lakes , five at an altitude of 1,820 meters and one easy accessible low land lake (Šiško, Mali Šiško, Ursulovačko, Pešica, and Ševarina) located at

64-402: A 3.5 km track from the entrance of the park to Lake Biograd where row boats and bicycles are available for rent. The visitor centre is nearby featuring traditional furniture from this region and a restaurant and lookout. Three other lookouts are available at higher elevations at various locations within the park: Crna Glava, Zekova Glava, and Bendovac. Used by shepherds as summer homes in the past,

96-515: A champion of Orthodoxy, Russia provided military missions and supplies to Montenegro. He afterwards visited the courts of Berlin and Vienna . His efforts to enlist the sympathies of the Russian imperial family produced important results for Montenegro; considerable subsidies were granted by the tsar and tsaritsa for educational and other purposes, and supplies of arms and ammunition were sent to Cetinje . In 1871 Prince Dolgorukov arrived at Montenegro on

128-476: A considerable number of endemic and rare plant and animal species ... [the Park is] characterized by extraordinary specie and eco-system diversity that makes it the 'area of interest' and the centre of diversity of both flora and fauna of the Balkan Peninsula and Europe ... [and contains] one of the last European virgin forests [of 16 sq km]. When Kolašin was liberated from Turkish rule in 1878, people from

160-750: A cooler environment than the coast. Nearby the National Park, a battle occurred with forces of the Ottoman Empire facing Montenegrins in the 1858 Battle of Kolašin . There were also important battles fought in the First Balkan War of 1912 and this region represented the center of activities of partisans in World War II . For years back, shepherds used rich pasture in this region for grazing sheep and cattle. Bjelasica Bjelasica ( Montenegrin : Бјеласица, pronounced [bjɛlǎsitsa] )

192-621: A special mission from the tsar, and distributed large sums of money among the people. In 1869 Prince Nikola, whose authority was now firmly established, succeeded in preventing the impetuous highlanders from aiding the Krivošijans in their revolt against the Austrian government; similarly in 1897 he checked the martial excitement caused by the outbreak of the Greco-Turkish War . In 1876 Nikola declared war against Turkey; his military reputation

224-502: Is a mountain range located in the Biogradska Gora national park near Kolašin , Montenegro . The highest point of Bjelasica is Crna Glava ("Black Head"), which is 2,139 m (7,018 ft) high. The area of the mountain range is 630 km (240 sq mi), with an equal width and length of 30 km. The entire mountain range divides into four expanses, which stretch from the NW to

256-511: Is home to 6 glacial lakes : Bjelasica, alongside Durmitor , is the center of Montenegrin mountain tourism. It has the advantage of being easily accessible, as the town of Kolašin is situated on both the main road from Podgorica to Serbia and on the Belgrade–Bar railway . As a skiing and snowboarding destination, Bjelasica is home to Kolašin 1450 , a popular ski center with modern chairlifts and infrastructure. The town of Kolašin

288-460: Is some 10km from the ski center, and some excellent lodging facilities have been built there in recent years. In recent years, Bjelasica is becoming popular as a summer destination, as it is suitable for ecotourism , hiking , mountaineering and recreational tourism in general. Lodging in authentic huts in katuns is an increasingly popular option during the summer. Due to the beautiful landscape, richness in lakes and streams, and ease of access,

320-757: The Concert of Europe and captured Scutari after a siege , despite the fact that they blockaded the whole coast of Montenegro . Again in the Great War which began in 1914 he was the first to go to Serbia's aid to repel the Austro-Hungarian forces from the Balkan Peninsula . In January 1916, after the defeat of Serbia, Montenegro was also conquered by Austria-Hungary , and the King fled to Italy and then to France. The government transferred its operations to Bordeaux . After

352-599: The SE . Its geological features are of volcanic origins, with smooth round shapes and mildly rolling landscape, differing from most of Montenegro's other mountains of calcareous composition abounding in karst forms, with numerous crevasses and crevices. The range is bordered by Lim and Tara rivers. It is located in 5 of Montenegro's 21 municipalities: Kolašin (for the most part), Mojkovac , Bijelo Polje , Berane , and Andrijevica . The massif of Mt Bjelasica has 10 peaks above 2,000 m (6,562 ft), namely: Mt Bjelasica

SECTION 10

#1732877285899

384-583: The Morača and Rovca presented a part of the forest to King Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš of Montenegro . This forest was known as "Branik Kralja Nikole" and was protected. Biogradska Gora was proclaimed a National Park in 1952. International protection (via UNESCO) was added in 1977 as part of the Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB). Open to visitors for a modest charge, it is popular in the summer for tourists seeking

416-694: The celebration of his jubilee, he assumed the title of king , in accordance with a petition from the Skupština . He was at the same time gazetted field-marshal in the Russian army , an honor never previously conferred on any foreigner except the Duke of Wellington . When the Balkan Wars broke out in 1912 King Nikola was one of the most enthusiastic of the allies. He wanted to drive the Ottomans completely out of Europe. He defied

448-432: The country's first and only king from 1910 to 1918. His grandsons were kings Alexander I of Yugoslavia and Umberto II of Italy among others. Nikola was born in the village of Njeguši , the home of the reigning House of Petrović . He was the son of Mirko Petrović-Njegoš , a celebrated Montenegrin warrior (an elder brother to Danilo I of Montenegro ) and his wife, Anastasija Martinovich (1824–1895). After 1696, when

480-501: The dignity of vladika , or prince-bishop, became hereditary in the Petrović family, the sovereign power had descended from uncle to nephew, the vladikas belonging to the order of the black clergy (i.e., monastic clergy) who are forbidden to marry. A change was introduced by Danilo I, who declined the episcopal office, married and declared the principality hereditary in the direct male line. Mirko Petrović-Njegoš having renounced his claim to

512-683: The end of the First World War , a meeting in Podgorica voted to depose Nikola and annex Montenegro to Serbia. A few days later, Serbia (including Montenegro) merged with the former South Slav territories of Austria-Hungary to form the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes , which was renamed Yugoslavia in 1929. Nikola, who was in exile in France , continued to claim the throne until his death in Antibes in 1921. He

544-405: The independence of Montenegro, and in the succeeding decades Montenegro enjoyed considerable prosperity and stability. Education, communications and the army expanded greatly (the latter with support from Imperial Russia ). In 1883 Prince Nikola visited the sultan , with whom he subsequently maintained the most cordial relations; in 1896 he celebrated the bicentenary of the Petrović dynasty, and in

576-409: The lake are European beech , sycamore maple and European ash , and on the slopes beech and silver fir . This National Park is recognized as an Important Plant Area, an Important Fungus Area and an Important Bird Area by UNESCO, which also provides the following additional specifics: There is a great number of dynamic and complex eco-systems, high degree of refugial features of habitats as well as

608-502: The mountain has great potential for the development of tourism. This Montenegro location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Nicholas I of Montenegro Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš ( Serbian Cyrillic : Никола I Петровић-Његош ; 7 October [ O.S. 25 September] 1841 – 1 March 1921) was the last monarch of the Montenegro from 1860 to 1918, reigning as prince from 1860 to 1910 and as

640-581: The pastures and villages next to the virgin forest reserve on the Bjelasica mountain range. The park, between Mojkovac and Kolasin, is accessible by car via Highway E65 or by bus from Podgorica or Bijelo Polje. The park has developed infrastructure for tourists, including a visitors center, hiking trails, campsites, and a restaurant. Visitors have several options in addition to hiking, mountain biking, swimming, fishing and exploring some areas with their four-wheel drive vehicles. An open-air train takes tourists along

672-462: The period of peace which followed Nikola carried out a series of military, administrative and educational reforms. The country was embroiled in a series of wars with the Ottoman Empire between 1862 and 1878. In 1867 he met the emperor Napoleon III at Paris, and in 1868 he undertook a journey to Russia, where he received an affectionate welcome from the tsar , Alexander II in St Petersburg. Being

SECTION 20

#1732877285899

704-520: The same year he attended the coronation of Nicholas II ; in May 1898 he visited Queen Victoria at Windsor Castle . In 1900 Nikola took the style of Royal Highness . According to Bolati, the Montenegrin court was not grieving that much over the murder of King Alexander Obrenović , as they saw him as an enemy of Montenegro and obstacle to the unification of Serb Lands. "Although it wasn't said openly, it

736-525: The throne, his son was nominated heir-presumptive, and the old system of succession was thus incidentally continued. Prince Nikola, who had been trained from infancy in martial and athletic exercises, spent a portion of his early boyhood in Trieste at the household of the Kustic family, to which his aunt, the princess Darinka, wife of Danilo II, belonged. The princess was an ardent francophile , and at her suggestion,

768-589: The very entrance to the park, Biogradsko Lake . Swift streams cut through scenery of Biogradska Gora, green pastures and clear lakes reflecting centennial forests. The Park is renowned as a unique geomorphological region and, as such, it is attractive for scientific research. The seat of the park is in Kolašin. The national park abounds in cultural and historic heritage consisting of sacral monuments national building and archeological localities. Numerous authentic buildings of traditional architecture are found throughout

800-483: The waters of the park exist three species of trout and 350 species of insects . Rainfall is extremely high in the area, averaging up to 100 inches per year, and allows the growth of temperate rainforest. One of the unique features of the park is its virgin forest , Biogradska Gora (16 km²) with trees over five hundred years old. In the very heart of virgin forest is Biogradsko Lake, the largest glacier lake in this National park. The most common tree species around

832-566: The wooden cottages or "katuns" along the trails can be rented for overnight stays for "traditional, rustic food and lifestyle", according to one source. Overnight camping is also allowed in the park. Although it is the smallest of the five national parks in Montenegro, Biogradska Gora National Park contains great diversity of flora and fauna . There are 26 different habitats of plants with 220 different plants, 150 species of birds , and 10 species of mammals live in this Park and in its forest , there are 86 species of trees and shrubs . In

864-638: The young heir-presumptive of the vladikas was sent to the Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris . Unlike his contemporary, King Milan of Serbia , Prince Nikola was little influenced in his tastes and habits by his Parisian education; the young highlander, whose keen patriotism, capability for leadership and poetic talents early displayed themselves, showed no inclination for the pleasures of the French capital, and eagerly looked forward to returning to his native land. Nikola

896-551: Was a member of the " United Serbian Youth " (Уједињена омладина српска) during its existence (1866–1871). After the organization was prohibited in the Principality of Serbia and Austro-Hungary , the " Association for Serb Liberation and Unification " (Дружина за ослобођење и уједињење српско) was established by Nikola, Marko Popović , Simo Popović, Mašo Vrbica , Vasa Pelagić , and more, in Cetinje (1871). Nicholas I of Montenegro

928-621: Was also reflected in literature. His most significant works are the Serb patriotic song " Onamo, 'namo! " (There, over there!), and the drama "Empress of the Balkan". While still in Paris, Nikola succeeded his assassinated uncle Danilo I as prince (13 August 1860). At age 19, in Cetinje , on 8 November 1860, he married Milena , 13 years old, daughter of a Vojvoda named Petar Vukotić and wife Jelena Vojvodić . In

960-536: Was buried in Italy. In 1989, the remains of Nikola, his queen Milena, and two of their twelve children were re-buried in Montenegro. Five of Nicholas I's daughters were married, each to princes and kings, giving Nicholas the nickname "the father-in-law of Europe ". Nicholas shared this sobriquet with his contemporary Christian IX, King of Denmark . Christian IX's children also married members of European royalty from multiple countries . The pretender to Nicholas I's throne

992-644: Was enhanced by the ensuing campaign, and still more by that of 1877/78 , during which he captured Nikšić , Bar and Ulcinj . The war resulted in a considerable extension of the Montenegrin frontier and the acquisition of a seaboard on the Adriatic . Nikola justified the war as a revenge for the Battle of Kosovo (1389). In 1876 he sent a message to the Montenegrins in Herzegovina : The Congress of Berlin in 1878 recognised

Biogradska Gora - Misplaced Pages Continue

1024-422: Was thought that the Petrović dynasty would achieve [the unification]. All procedures of King Nikola shows that he himself believed that". He gave Montenegro its first constitution in 1905 following pressure from a population eager for more freedom. He also introduced west-European style press freedom and criminal law codes. In 1906, he introduced Montenegrin currency , the perper . On 28 August 1910, during

#898101