45-510: Bhinmal (previously Shrimal Nagar ) is an ancient town in the Jalore District of Rajasthan , India. It is 72 kilometres (45 mi) south of Jalore . Bhinmal was the early capital of Gurjaradesa , comprising modern-day southern Rajasthan and northern Gujarat . The town was the birthplace of the Sanskrit poet Magha and mathematician-astronomer Brahmagupta . The original name of Bhinmal
90-617: A high political aspiration and he actively pursued the goal of expanding the frontiers of Rashtrakuta dominion. In Northern India , he subjugated the rulers of Kanyakubja . In central India, he defeated Vatsaraja of the Gurjara Prathihara Empire , and Dharmapala of the Pala Empire (who was eager to rule Kanyakubja) in a battle in the Ganges - Yamuna doab. However, these great victories brought him no permanent land gains but only
135-588: A lot of material gain and fame. However another historian has claimed that Dhruva's empire stretched from Ayodhya in the north to Rameshvaram in the south. He humbled Vishnuvardhana IV , an Eastern or Vengi Chalukya king in 784 and forged an alliance by marrying his daughter named Silabhattarika as per the Jetvai grant of 786. Thereafter, he defeated Shivamara II , the Western Ganga Dynasty ruler of Gangavadi , and imprisoned him and appointed his own son,
180-625: A monarch, including excessive indulgence in sensual pleasures. This according to the historian Kamath is evident from the Karhad plates of Krishna III . The Dhulia grant of 779 and Garugadahalli inscription of 782 proclaim Dhruva the emperor. Though some historians claim that Dhruva revolted and grabbed the throne, other historians feel the transition of the throne from Govinda II to Dhruva was peaceful and may have happened willingly. He earned titles like Kalivallabha , Srivallabha , Dharavarsha , Maharajadhiraja and Parameshvara . Dhruva Dharavarsha had
225-542: A population density of 136 persons per square kilometre. In ancient times Jalore was known as Jabalipura - named after the Hindu saint Jabali . The town was also known as Suvarngiri or Songir, the Golden Mount, on which the fort stands. It was a flourishing town in the 8th century, and according to some historical sources, in the 8th-9th centuries, one branch of the pratihara empire ruled at Jablipur (Jalore). Raja Man Pratihar
270-738: A total of 640 ). It is one of the twelve districts in Rajasthan currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). There are two sub grid stations of 220 KV at Jalore and Bhinmal. The district receives power from Dewari grid station in Udaipur District . Almost all villages of the district are electrified. A small area is irrigated from water of Jawai dam . The main source of irrigation continues to be wells. Over exploitation of ground water has meant that farmers have to dig deeper. Sanchore tehsil
315-405: Is a brief scriptural account of the establishment of the Śrīmali clan by Swayamprabhasuri. In Maru Pradesh (modern-day Rajasthan ), monks neither of Jainism, nor of Buddhism had preached due to the difficult terrain (desert). Brahmins had a monopoly in this part of India . It is said that practices of Kundapanth and Caliyapanth , branches of Tantric Hinduism , were very popular. It
360-942: Is believed that they promoted several tantric malpractices in the name of religion. It is further stated that Śrīmal (modern-day Bhinmal), a town in Rajasthan , was at the center of such practices. Once, Swayamprabhasuri was wandering with his disciples near Mount Abu for the first time after visiting Palitana temples . Several merchants from Śrīmal visited Mount Abu for business. Some of them happened to come across Swayamprabhasuri's sermons on non-violence . They insisted upon him to visit Śrīmal to end such malpractices. Later, he visited Śrīmal where preparations for an Ashvamedha Yagya were being made. Several animals were readied for sacrifice. When his disciples went out to beg for food , they returned without any food stating that only meat being cooked at all households they went to and that they could not find food 'free from 42 faults' in
405-451: Is bounded on the northwest by Barmer District , on the northeast by Pali District , on the southeast by Sirohi District , and by Banaskantha District of Gujarat state on the southwest. The total area of the district is 10,640 km (4,108 sq mi). The altitude is 268 m, latitude is 25.22 N and longitude is 72.58 E. Physiographically, the district is oblong in shape, extending up to Rann of Kutch ( Gujarat ). The region
450-493: Is found in this area. 25°21′00″N 72°37′12″E / 25.35000°N 72.62000°E / 25.35000; 72.62000 Dhruva Dharavarsha Dhruva (r. 780 – 793 CE) was one of the most notable rulers of the Rashtrakuta Empire . He ascended the imperial throne after replacing his elder brother Govinda II . Govinda II had become unpopular among his subjects on account of his various misconducts as
495-578: Is generally plain but for some scattered thickly wooded hills in the north and some hillocks in the centre. The eastern portion of the district is rocky while the western tract is a roughly plain dotted with Sand dunes & sand ridges. In respect of its geological formation, most part of district is formed of fourth century modern century deposits. These deposits can be seen in Grid pattern formed by sand (Balu), new alluvial and old alluvial Soils. In Bhinmal Tehsil's South Eastern part of Jaswantpur, highest mountains of
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#1733084760234540-455: Is getting water from Narmada Canal project. National Highway no 15 ( Bhatinda - Kandla ) passes through the district. The total road length in the district is about 2,800 km (1,740 mi). The district is connected by broad gauge railway line of North Western Railway . Samadari-Bhildi branch line passes through the district connecting Jalore and Bhinmal towns. There are 15 railway stations and 127 km (79 mi) of railway line in
585-460: Is no large and medium size industry in the district. The main small scale industries are :granite slabs and tiles, marble cutting and polishing, mustard seed crushing, skimmed milk powder, butter and ghee, handloom cloth, leather shoes (mojari). There are four industrial areas in the district. In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Jalore one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of
630-689: The Jalore fort to safe-keep their treasure. In the Middle Time nearly 1690 Royal Family Of Jalore Yadu Chandravanshi Bhati Rajput Of Jaisalmer came Jalore and make make their kingdom. They are also known as Nathji , Thakaro by the local people of Ummedabad. Jalore is a second capital of them the first capital was Jodhpur still chhatri of bhati sardar from royal family of Jalore ancestors exists. They ruled whole Jalore, Jodhpur in their time after Mughals they had only Ummedabad. The Turkic rulers of Palanpur State of Gujarat briefly ruled Jalore in
675-552: The 16th century and it became part of the Mughal Empire . It was restored to Marwar in 1704, and remained part of the kingdom until shortly after Indian Independence in 1947. There are 12 Math (Big Hindu monasteries) and 13 Takiya (Masjid). Jalore is known as the "Cradle of the Marwari horse" - an indigenous horse breed famed for its beauty, endurance and loyalty to the horsemen who fought interminable wars on horseback. The district
720-934: The Abu region, and his son Chandan Parmar and nephew Dharnivarah Parmar were given the Jalore region. Raja Man Pratihar's son Dewalsimha Pratihar was a contemporary of Abu's Raja Mahipal Parmar (1000–1014 CE). Raja Devalsimha made unsuccessful attempts to free his country or re-establish Pratihar hold on Bhinmal. He finally settled for the territories to the southwest of Bhinmal, comprising four hills: Dodasa, Nadwana, Kala-Pahad and Sundha. He made Lohiyana (present-day Jaswantpura ) his capital. Gradually their jagir included 52 villages in and around modern Jalore district. The Dewal Pratiharas participated in Jalore's Chauhan Kanhaddeo's resistance against Allauddin Khilji. Thakur Dhawalsimha Dewal of Lohiyana supplied manpower to Maharana Pratap and married his daughter to
765-823: The Arabs. A new dynasty was founded by Nagabhata I at Jalore , near Bhinmal, in about 730 AD, soon after Junayd's death in a battle against the pratihara king of . Nagabhata is said to have defeated the "invincible Gurjaras", presumably those of Bhinmal. Many other account credits him for having defeated a "Muslim ruler". Nagabhata is also known to have repelled the Arabs during a later major attack. The Gwalior Inscription of Mihira Bhoja praises Nagabhata for destroying mlecchas (Arabs): "स्तस्यानुजोसौ मघवमदमुषो मेघनादस्य संख्ये सौमित्त्रिस्तीव्रदण्डः प्रतिहरणविधेयः प्रतीहार आमोत् तहन्शे प्रतिहारकेतनभृति त्रैलोक्यरक्षास्पदे देवो नागभट : पुरातनमुनर्मूतिर्बभूवाद्भुतं । येनासौ सुक्कतप्रमाथिबलनम्लेच्छा।। In that family, which extended shelter to
810-445: The Jalore district are Sayala , Vodha, Ramsin , Daspan , Bagra , Juni Bali, Bishangarh , Ummedabad, and Megalva. There are 767 revenue villages in the district grouped under 264 Gram Panchayat villages. Jalore-Sirohi is a joint parliamentary constituency. Buta Singh won three times from this parliamentary constituency. There are five legislative assembly areas namely Jalore, Ahore, Bhinmal, Raniwara, and Sanchore. At this time,
855-540: The Maharana, in return Maharana gave him the title of "Rana" which has stayed with them to now. Bhinmal was also called Shrimala, which was recorded in the Shramali Purana . The Brahmins and merchants of Bhinmal were called Shrimali Brahmanas and Shrimali Vaniyas respectively. After Vanaraja Chavda established a new capital at Patan , the symbolic centre of these communities shifted to Patan. The main image of Mahalakshmi
900-532: The Maharana, in return Maharana gave him the title of “Rana” which has stayed with them till this day In the 10th century, Jalore was ruled by the Paramaras . In 1181, Kirtipala , the youngest son of Alhana , the Chahamana ruler of Nadol , captured Jalore from the Paramaras and founded the Jalore line of Chauhans . His son Samarasimha succeeded him in 1182. Samarasimha was succeeded by Udayasimha , who expanded
945-455: The Pratiharas became the dominant force of the Rajasthan and Gujarat regions, and established an empire centered at Kannauj , the former capital of Harshavardhana. Raja Man Pratihar ruled Bhinmal in Jalore when Parmara Emperor Vakpati Munja (972-990 CE) invaded the region – after this conquest he divided these conquered territories among his Parmara princes. His son Aranyaraj Parmar was granted
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#1733084760234990-628: The Prince Kambarasa as the governor. He also forced the Pallava monarch Nandivarman II to accept the suzerainty of the Rashtrakutas who paid him handsomely with many elephants. He undertook campaigns to Kanchi in 785 and again against the Western Ganga Dynasty in 788. During his reign, the Rashtrakutas emerged as a true pan-Indian power, controlling large regions across the Indian subcontinent . He
1035-567: The area under discussion are characterised by khair (Acacia Katechu); thar (Euphabia Nerrifolia) and babuls. The plains are vegetated by Aawal (Casia auriculate) akra, kiker (Acacia arabica). The oilseeds specially mustard oil seed is predominant crop. Wheat, bajra, kharif pulses, barley, jowar and in very huge quantity of fleawort. However, due to the scanty presence of water most of the cultivated land remains barren. Also presence of aeolian sand makes it tough for agricultural growth due its high permeability. Extensive growth of cactuses of various types
1080-493: The decade 2001-2011 was 26.31%. Jalor has a sex ratio of 951 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 55.58%. 8.30% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 19.53% and 9.77% of the population respectively. Languages of Jalore district (2011) At the time of the 2011 census, 62.42% of the population spoke Marwari , 35.78% Rajasthani and 1.01% Hindi as their first language. The minimum and maximum temperatures of
1125-523: The district are 4 degrees and 50 degrees Celsius respectively. The average rainfall is 412 mm. The climate of district is dry and with extremes. Indian Wild Ass , a rare member of Indian Wildlife seems to be increasing in numbers and extending its range from Little Rann of Kutch in the neighbouring Indian State of Gujarat , where the world's last population of this subspecies had got confined to in recent years, and has gradually started moving out and colonising Greater Rann of Kutch also extending into
1170-473: The district are situated. the highest peak is Sundha (991 meters, 3252 feet). Luni River is the main river in the district with its tributaries Jawai, Khari, Sukri, Bandi, and Sagi. All the rivers are seasonal. There are sub-units Ahore , Sayala , Bishangarh , Jalore , Jaswantpura , Bhadrajun and Bhinmal . Ramsin and Jiwana are the sub-tehsils. Now 3 Municipalities are situated at Jalore , Bishangarh and Bhinmal . The major towns and villages of
1215-589: The district. The nearest airport is Jodhpur . There is also an air strip at village Noon about 35 km (22 mi) from Jalore town. According to the 2011 census Jalore district has a population of 1,828,730, roughly equal to the nation of Kosovo or the US state of Nebraska . This gives it a ranking of 260th in India (out of a total of 640 ). The district has a population density of 172 inhabitants per square kilometre (450/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over
1260-673: The kingdom by recapturing Nadol and Mandor from the Turks. During Udayasimha's reign, Jalore was a tributary of the Delhi Sultanate . Udayasimha was succeeded by Chachigadeva and Samantasimha . Samantasimha was succeeded by his son Kanhadadeva . During the reign of Kanhadadeva, Jalor was attacked and captured in 1311 by the Delhi's Turkic Sultan Alauddin Khalji . Kanhadadeva and his son Viramadeva died defending Jalore. Rathore rulers of Ratlam used
1305-511: The member of parliament for Jalore-Sirohi is Lubharam Choudhary of BJP . The economy of district is mainly based on agriculture and animal husbandry. The oilseeds specially mustard oil seed is predominant crop. Wheat, bajra , kharif pulses, barley , jowar and in very huge quantity of fleawort. Of late some mineral based industries are set up based on mineral available from local mines. The main minerals produced are: Gypsum , limestone , bajari, murram, granite , and graded fluorite . There
1350-748: The neighbouring State of Rajasthan in the bordering villages in Jalore district bordering the Rann of Kutch in Gujarat and in Khejariali and its neighbourhood where a 60 km area was transferred to the Rajasthan Forest Department by the revenue authorities in 2007. At this place Rebaris (camel and sheep breeders) live in the Prosopis juliflora jungles in the company of chinkaras, hyenas, common fox, desert cat and wolf etc. Flora : The hillocks and ridges in
1395-568: The population were under six years of age. A documentary made on Bhinmal, My Beautiful Village Bhinmal , by Azad Jain, won "Best Documentary-Writing" Award in Rolling Frames Short Film Summit, Bangalore, in 2014. It was also screened at the Ekotop Junior Film Festival; Slovak Republic, Europe; Pink City Short Film Festival, Jaipur; and Wanderlust Film Festival, Jaisalmer. Newspapers from Rajasthan mentioned it as it
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1440-525: The poverty caused by Islamic invaders, which caused most of its people to migrate from the area. It was the early capital of the kingdom of Gurjaradesa . The kingdom is first mentioned in Banabhatta 's Harshacharita in the seventh century AD. Its king is said to have been defeated by Harsha's father Prabhakaravardhana , who died c. 605 AD. The surrounding kingdoms were Sindha (Sindh), Lāta (southern Gujarat) and Malava (western Malwa), indicating that
1485-460: The region included northern Gujarat and southern Rajasthan. Xuanzang mentioned the Gurjara country ( Kiu-che-lo ) with its capital at Bhillamala ( Pi-lo-mo-lo ) as the second largest kingdom of Western India. He distinguished it from the neighbouring kingdoms of Bharukaccha , Ujjayini , Malava , Valabhi and Surashtra . The Gurjara kingdom was said to have measured 833 miles in circuit and its ruler
1530-566: The sacrificial ritual told the king that Jains do not follow the Vedas and must not be heeded to. However, Swayamprabhasuri stayed determined on his point and a lengthy debate followed. Swayamprabhasuri emerged victorious in the debate and King Jayasen, along with 90000 households of the town turned towards non-violence and eventually, Jainism after Swayamprabhasuri preached them about the 12 vows for householders. Later on, residents of this large town moved to various parts of Rajasthan and their clan
1575-509: The town. Upon hearing this, Swayamprabhasuri immediately went to King Jayasen's palace where Brahmins were preparing for the animal sacrifice . The king welcomed him and asked about the reason for his visit. Swayamprabhasuri clearly stated the Jain principle of " Ahimsa parmo dharma " ( transl. non-violence is the first act of righteousness ). Interrupting his sermon, the Brahmin leader for
1620-741: The triple world and bore the emblem of Pratihāra, the king Nāgabhața appeared as an incarnation' of the Old Sage in a strange way.Wherefore he seemed to break up the complete army of the kings of Mlecchas the destroyers of virtue, with four arms lustrous because of the glittering and terrible weapons. His dynasty expanded to Ujjain , and Nagabhata's successor Vatsaraja lost Ujjain to the Rashtrakuta prince Dhruva , who claimed to have driven him into "trackless desert". An inscription in Daulatpura from 843 AD mentions Vatsaraja having made grants near Didwana . Later,
1665-462: Was Bhillamala. Its older name was Srimal, from which Shrimali Brahmins took their name. Xuanzang , the Chinese Buddhist pilgrim who visited India between 631 and 645 AD during Harsha 's reign, mentioned this place as Pi-lo-mo-lo . There are different views about the origin of its name. It is suggested that it may from its Bhil population, whereas Shrimalamahatmaya said the name arose because of
1710-697: Was a 20-year old Kshatriya , distinguished for his wisdom and courage. It is believed that the king must have been the immediate successor of the Chavda dynasty ruler Vyāgrahamukha , under whose reign the mathematician-astronomer Brahmagupta wrote his treatise in 628 AD. The chroniclers of Sindh (an Arab province from 712 AD onward) narrated the campaigns of Arab governors on Jurz , the Arabic term for Gurjara. They mentioned it jointly with Mermad (Marumāda, in Western Rajasthan) and Al Baylaman (Bhinmal). The country
1755-731: Was a contemporary of Abu's Raja Mahipal Parmar (1000-1014 CE). Raja Devalsimha made many attempts to free his country or to re-establish Pratihar hold onto Bhinmal but in vain .Finally he settled for the territories in Southwest of Bhinmal, comprising four hills - Dodasa, Nadwana, Kala-Pahad and Sundha. He made Lohiyana (present Jaswantpura ) his capital. Hence this subclan became Dewal Pratihars. Gradually their jagir included 52 villages in and around modern Jalore district. The Dewals participated in Jalore's Chauhan Kanhaddeo's resistance against Allauddin Khilji. Thakur Dhawalsimha Dewal of Lohiyana supplied manpower to Maharana Pratap and married his daughter to
1800-506: Was first conquered by Mohammad bin Qasim (712-715) and, for a second time, by Junayd (723-726). Upon bin Qasim's victory, Al-Baladhuri mentioned that the Indian rulers, including that of Bhinmal, accepted Islam and paid tribute . They presumably recanted after bin Qasim's departure, which made Junayd's attack necessary. After Junayd's reconquest, the kingdom at Bhinmal appeared to have been annexed by
1845-415: Was moved from Bhinmal to Patan in 1147. Jain scriptural accounts of Acharya Swayamprabhasuri's life describe his visit to Rajasthan 57 years after Mahavira's nirvana which was in 527 BCE. This would date his visit to Śrīmal in 470 BCE. Most of the non-canonical texts of the Śvetāmbara sect agree upon this account and describe him as one of the first few Jain monks to visit Rajasthan. Following
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1890-557: Was named Śrīmali after their hometown Śrīmal. It is believed that Swayamprabhasuri consecrated a temple and an idol of the 1st Tirthankara Rishabhanatha at Śrīmal. A pilgrimage procession to Palitana temples was also organized by the Jain Sangha at Śrīmal. It is further stated that they also renovated Jain temples at Mount Abu . Bhinmal is located at 25°00′N 72°15′E / 25.0°N 72.25°E / 25.0; 72.25 . On 23 August 2013 Bhinmal College
1935-422: Was ruling Bhinmal in Jalore when Parmara Emperor Vakpati Munja (972-990 CE) invaded the region — after this conquest he divided these conquered territories among his Parmara princes - his son Aranyaraj Parmar was granted Abu region, his son and his nephew Chandan Parmar,Dharnivarah Parmar was given Jalore region. This ended almost 250 years Pratihar rule over Bhinmal. Raja Man Pratihar's son Dewalsimha Pratihar
1980-406: Was the only film in the festival about a Rajasthani village and its people. Jalore District Jalore District is a district of Rajasthan state in western India . The city of Jalore is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district has an area of 10,640 km (4,108 sq mi) (3.11 percent of Rajasthan's area), and a population of 1,828,730 (2011 census), with
2025-504: Was upgraded to post-graduate status by the Department of College Education. According to the 2011 Census of India , Bhinmal had a population of 302,553, subdivided into a rural population of 254,621 and an urban population was 47,932, Males constituted 50.6% of the population and females 49.4%. Bhinmal had an average literacy rate of 53.6%, lower than the national average of 74%, with male literacy of 70.2% and female literacy of 36.8%. 17% of
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