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40-1149: Coordinates : 55°02′N 29°27′E  /  55.033°N 29.450°E  / 55.033; 29.450 District of Vitebsk Region, Belarus District in Vitebsk Region, Belarus Beshankovichy District Бешанковіцкі раён   ( Belarusian ) District [REDACTED] Flag [REDACTED] Coat of arms [REDACTED] Coordinates: 55°02′N 29°27′E  /  55.033°N 29.450°E  / 55.033; 29.450 Country Belarus Region Vitebsk Region Administrative center Beshankovichy Area  • Total 1,249.65 km (482.49 sq mi) Elevation 137 m (449 ft) Population   (2023)  • Total 13,653  • Density 11/km (28/sq mi) Time zone UTC+3 ( MSK ) Beshankovichy District or Biešankovičy District ( Belarusian : Бешанко́віцкі раён , romanized :  Biešankovicki rajon ; Russian : Бешенковичский район )

80-502: A tan ⁡ ϕ {\displaystyle \textstyle {\tan \beta ={\frac {b}{a}}\tan \phi }\,\!} ; for the GRS   80 and WGS   84 spheroids, b a = 0.99664719 {\textstyle {\tfrac {b}{a}}=0.99664719} . ( β {\displaystyle \textstyle {\beta }\,\!} is known as the reduced (or parametric) latitude ). Aside from rounding, this

120-456: A datum transformation such as a Helmert transformation , although in certain situations a simple translation may be sufficient. Datums may be global, meaning that they represent the whole Earth, or they may be local, meaning that they represent an ellipsoid best-fit to only a portion of the Earth. Examples of global datums include World Geodetic System (WGS   84, also known as EPSG:4326 ),

160-645: A choice of geodetic datum (including an Earth ellipsoid ), as different datums will yield different latitude and longitude values for the same location. The invention of a geographic coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene , who composed his now-lost Geography at the Library of Alexandria in the 3rd century BC. A century later, Hipparchus of Nicaea improved on this system by determining latitude from stellar measurements rather than solar altitude and determining longitude by timings of lunar eclipses , rather than dead reckoning . In

200-588: A point on Earth's surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses (often called great circles ), which converge at the North and South Poles. The meridian of the British Royal Observatory in Greenwich , in southeast London, England, is the international prime meridian , although some organizations—such as

240-473: A region of the surface of the Earth. Some newer datums are bound to the center of mass of the Earth. This combination of mathematical model and physical binding mean that anyone using the same datum will obtain the same location measurement for the same physical location. However, two different datums will usually yield different location measurements for the same physical location, which may appear to differ by as much as several hundred meters; this not because

280-411: Is 6,367,449 m . Since the Earth is an oblate spheroid , not spherical, that result can be off by several tenths of a percent; a better approximation of a longitudinal degree at latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is where Earth's equatorial radius a {\displaystyle a} equals 6,378,137 m and tan ⁡ β = b

320-475: Is 110.6 km. The circles of longitude, meridians, meet at the geographical poles, with the west–east width of a second naturally decreasing as latitude increases. On the Equator at sea level, one longitudinal second measures 30.92 m, a longitudinal minute is 1855 m and a longitudinal degree is 111.3 km. At 30° a longitudinal second is 26.76 m, at Greenwich (51°28′38″N) 19.22 m, and at 60° it

360-519: Is 15.42 m. On the WGS   84 spheroid, the length in meters of a degree of latitude at latitude ϕ (that is, the number of meters you would have to travel along a north–south line to move 1 degree in latitude, when at latitude ϕ ), is about The returned measure of meters per degree latitude varies continuously with latitude. Similarly, the length in meters of a degree of longitude can be calculated as (Those coefficients can be improved, but as they stand

400-472: Is a district ( raion ) of Vitebsk Region in Belarus . The Vula River flows through the district. Its administrative center is Beshankovichy . Notable residents [ edit ] Jan Chrucki (1810, Vuła village–1885), Belarusian artist Hryhory Sandler (1912, Ostrovno village–1994), Soviet choral conductor Leŭ Sapieha (1557, Astroŭna estate (now village) – 1633), a nobleman and statesman of

440-441: Is about 19.4% of the national total. It is bordered on the north by Pskov Oblast of Russia , by Smolensk Oblast of Russia on the east, on the south by Minsk Region and by Mogilev Region , on the southwest by Minsk Region and Grodno Region , and on the west and northwest by Vilnius and Utena counties of Lithuania and Augšdaugava , Krāslava and Ludza municipalities of Latvia . The northern extreme point of Belarus

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480-441: Is different from Wikidata Articles containing Belarusian-language text Coordinates on Wikidata Articles containing Russian-language text Geographic coordinate system A geographic coordinate system ( GCS ) is a spherical or geodetic coordinate system for measuring and communicating positions directly on Earth as latitude and longitude . It is the simplest, oldest and most widely used of

520-452: Is known as a graticule . The origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km (390 mi) south of Tema , Ghana , a location often facetiously called Null Island . In order to use the theoretical definitions of latitude, longitude, and height to precisely measure actual locations on the physical earth, a geodetic datum must be used. A horizonal datum

560-478: Is one of the regions of Belarus . Its administrative center is Vitebsk . It is located in the north of the country, and borders on Russia . As of 2019 the region had a population of 1,135,731 and the lowest population-density for any region in Belarus: 30.6 p/km². Important cities within the region include Vitebsk , Orsha , Polotsk , and Novopolotsk . Vitebsk Region covers an area of 40,000 km², which

600-628: Is situated in Verkhnyadzvinsk District of Vitebsk Region, north of Lake Osveya . In 2000 Belarusian scientists Alexey Solomonov and Valery Anoshko published a report in which they stated that the geographic centre of Europe was located near Lake Sho ( Belarusian : Шо ) in the Vitebsk Region. [1] The region is known for its numerous lakes. The largest lakes of the Vitebsk Region are: Osveyskoye (2nd largest in Belarus), Lukomskoye (4th largest), Drivyaty (5th largest in Belarus and

640-515: Is the biggest power plant in Belarus. Vitebsk Region has a number of important transport connections with Russia, Ukraine , the Baltic countries, and Poland . The number of travel agencies in Vitebsk Region has been growing from 25 in 2000 to 83 in 2010; most agencies provide both agent and operator services. The numerous lake resorts attract tourists for several-night stays. Polotsk and Vitebsk are

680-688: Is the exact distance along a parallel of latitude; getting the distance along the shortest route will be more work, but those two distances are always within 0.6 m of each other if the two points are one degree of longitude apart. Like any series of multiple-digit numbers, latitude-longitude pairs can be challenging to communicate and remember. Therefore, alternative schemes have been developed for encoding GCS coordinates into alphanumeric strings or words: These are not distinct coordinate systems, only alternative methods for expressing latitude and longitude measurements. Vitebsk Region Vitebsk Region , also known as Vitebsk Oblast or Vitsyebsk Voblasts ,

720-465: Is used to precisely measure latitude and longitude, while a vertical datum is used to measure elevation or altitude. Both types of datum bind a mathematical model of the shape of the earth (usually a reference ellipsoid for a horizontal datum, and a more precise geoid for a vertical datum) to the earth. Traditionally, this binding was created by a network of control points , surveyed locations at which monuments are installed, and were only accurate for

760-471: The International Date Line , which diverges from it in several places for political and convenience reasons, including between far eastern Russia and the far western Aleutian Islands . The combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The visual grid on a map formed by lines of latitude and longitude

800-515: The 1st or 2nd century, Marinus of Tyre compiled an extensive gazetteer and mathematically plotted world map using coordinates measured east from a prime meridian at the westernmost known land, designated the Fortunate Isles , off the coast of western Africa around the Canary or Cape Verde Islands , and measured north or south of the island of Rhodes off Asia Minor . Ptolemy credited him with

840-1741: The 200th anniversary of I.F. Khrutsky) (In Belarusian) ^ Ekkehard Ochs Universität und Musik im Ostseeraum 2009 Page 206 "45 Jahre leitete ihn der Dirigent Grigori Sandler. Die Berühmtheit des Universitätschores war sogar nach sowjetischen Maßstäben außerordentlich hoch – ihm wurde von der offiziellen Propaganda der Status des beinahe besten Laienchores des Landes verliehen." ^ К Kанцлер Леў Сапега (Chancellor Lew Sapieha) (in Belarusian) v t e [REDACTED] Subdivisions of Vitebsk Region , Belarus Districts ( raiony ) Beshankovichy Braslaw Chashniki Dokshytsy Dubrowna Haradok Hlybokaye Lyepyel Lyozna Miory Orsha Pastavy Polotsk Rasony Sharkawshchyna Shumilina Syanno Talachyn Ushachy Vitebsk Vyerkhnyadzvinsk [REDACTED] Cities and towns Baran Beshankovichy Braslaw Chashniki Dzisna Dokshytsy Dubrowna Haradok Hlybokaye Lyepyel Lyozna Miory Novolukoml Novopolotsk Orsha Pastavy Polotsk Syanno Talachyn Vitebsk Vyerkhnyadzvinsk Authority control databases : National [REDACTED] Israel Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beshankovichy_District&oldid=1253875763 " Category : Beshankovichy District Hidden categories: Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas CS1 Belarusian-language sources (be) Articles with short description Short description

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880-499: The Earth's surface move relative to each other due to continental plate motion, subsidence, and diurnal Earth tidal movement caused by the Moon and the Sun. This daily movement can be as much as a meter. Continental movement can be up to 10 cm a year, or 10 m in a century. A weather system high-pressure area can cause a sinking of 5 mm . Scandinavia is rising by 1 cm a year as a result of

920-708: The European ED50 , and the British OSGB36 . Given a location, the datum provides the latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } and longitude λ {\displaystyle \lambda } . In the United Kingdom there are three common latitude, longitude, and height systems in use. WGS   84 differs at Greenwich from the one used on published maps OSGB36 by approximately 112   m. The military system ED50 , used by NATO , differs from about 120   m to 180   m. Points on

960-524: The French Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière —continue to use other meridians for internal purposes. The prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres , although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E. This is not to be conflated with

1000-633: The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and governor of Słonim , Bieraście and Mahiloŭ References [ edit ] ^ "Численность населения на 1 января 2023 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2022 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа" . belsat.gov.by . Archived from the original on 17 April 2023 . Retrieved 5 August 2023 . ^ "Vitebsk Region" (in Belarusian). vitebsk-region.gov.by . Retrieved 2015-10-06 . ^ Да 200-годдзя І.Ф. Хруцкага (To

1040-444: The birth rate was 9.6 and the death rate was 14.4. Rasony District , Shumilina District , Verkhnyadzvinsk District had the highest birth rates (over 11), while the city of Navapolatsk (Novopolotsk) , Beshankovichy District , Haradok District had the lowests birth rates (less than 9). 16.1% of the population were under working age, 56.6% in working age, 27.3% over working age (averages in Belarus — 17.7%, 57.2%, 25.1%). In 2017,

1080-566: The center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels , as they are parallel to the Equator and to each other. The North Pole is 90° N; the South Pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the Equator , the fundamental plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The Equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres . The longitude λ of

1120-613: The default datum used for the Global Positioning System , and the International Terrestrial Reference System and Frame (ITRF), used for estimating continental drift and crustal deformation . The distance to Earth's center can be used both for very deep positions and for positions in space. Local datums chosen by a national cartographical organization include the North American Datum ,

1160-490: The distance they give is correct within a centimeter.) The formulae both return units of meters per degree. An alternative method to estimate the length of a longitudinal degree at latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is to assume a spherical Earth (to get the width per minute and second, divide by 60 and 3600, respectively): where Earth's average meridional radius M r {\displaystyle \textstyle {M_{r}}\,\!}

1200-468: The full adoption of longitude and latitude, rather than measuring latitude in terms of the length of the midsummer day. Ptolemy's 2nd-century Geography used the same prime meridian but measured latitude from the Equator instead. After their work was translated into Arabic in the 9th century, Al-Khwārizmī 's Book of the Description of the Earth corrected Marinus' and Ptolemy's errors regarding

1240-471: The largest of Braslav Lakes ). Other lakes are Beloye , Nescherdo , Snudy , Lisno , Ezerische , Strusto , Richi , Losvido and Lepelskoye . The region has more national parks, nature reserves, and wildlife preserves of national importance than any other region of Belarus. Braslav Lakes and Naroch National Parks and Berezinski Biosphere Reserve comprise 3,4% of the whole region's territory, and 22 wildlife preserves of national importance make up 4,1% of

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1280-749: The length of the Mediterranean Sea , causing medieval Arabic cartography to use a prime meridian around 10° east of Ptolemy's line. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes ' recovery of Ptolemy's text a little before 1300; the text was translated into Latin at Florence by Jacopo d'Angelo around 1407. In 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference , attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt

1320-461: The location has moved, but because the reference system used to measure it has shifted. Because any spatial reference system or map projection is ultimately calculated from latitude and longitude, it is crucial that they clearly state the datum on which they are based. For example, a UTM coordinate based on WGS84 will be different than a UTM coordinate based on NAD27 for the same location. Converting coordinates from one datum to another requires

1360-579: The longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich , England as the zero-reference line. The Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911. The latitude ϕ of a point on Earth's surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through (or close to)

1400-698: The major factories are "Belvest" (shoes), "Marko" (shoes; both in Vitebsk), Orsha flax factory, "Vitebsk carpets", "Znamya industrializacyi" garment factory in Vitebsk, "Bell Bimbo" (baby clothes manufacturer). The biggest electrical and machinery plants (5-6% of the regional industrial output) are "Vityas" in Vitebsk (TV sets and household appliances), "Vistan" machine tool factory, Vitebsk factory of electrical measuring instruments, Vitebsk factory of tractor spare parts, "Red fighter" machine tool factory in Orsha. Lukoml power station

1440-460: The melting of the ice sheets of the last ice age , but neighboring Scotland is rising by only 0.2 cm . These changes are insignificant if a local datum is used, but are statistically significant if a global datum is used. On the GRS   80 or WGS   84 spheroid at sea level at the Equator, one latitudinal second measures 30.715 m , one latitudinal minute is 1843 m and one latitudinal degree

1480-403: The most popular cultural tourism destinations of the region. The Vitebsk Region is subdivided into 21 districts , 2 cities of oblast subordinance, 19 additional cities, 249 selsovets , and 26 urban-type settlements . Population of cities and towns in Vitebsk Region according to 2023 estimates: As of 2008, the birth rate was 9.7 per 1000, while the death rate was 15.5 per 1000. As of 2017,

1520-612: The region had negative net migration rates for both internal and international migrations (-2,102 and -63 respectively). 5,227 of those who departed from the region in 2017 arrived in Minsk , 2,021 in the Minsk Region , 1,630 in the Mahilioŭ (Mogilev) Region , less than 700 — in each of the other regions. 3,858 people arrived in the region from Minsk, 1,731 from the Mahilioŭ (Mogilev) Region, 1,355 from

1560-399: The region. The main industry of the region is petrochemical. " Naftan " ( Navapolatsk ) is one of the biggest oil refineries in Belarus and a major polymer manufacturer, "LLK-Naftan" (Navapolatsk) produces oil additives . Share of the food industry in the regional industrial output is estimated at 14-15%. Share of textile, garment and shoe factories ( light industry ) is estimated at 5-6%,

1600-457: The various spatial reference systems that are in use, and forms the basis for most others. Although latitude and longitude form a coordinate tuple like a cartesian coordinate system , the geographic coordinate system is not cartesian because the measurements are angles and are not on a planar surface. A full GCS specification, such as those listed in the EPSG and ISO 19111 standards, also includes

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