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87-585: Blanco was born in Torres Vedras in 1995. He holds a degree in management from Catholic University of Portugal , where he also took a Master's in political science. He has worked in the private sector, first at OLX as product manager, then as a member of the strategy team at Liberty Seguros and later at Deloitte . He joined the Liberal Initiative (IL) and was head candidate for the District of Leiria in

174-1082: A Diploma in Canon Law can be obtained. The Institute for Political Studies (IEP) was founded in 1997. It is the only Portuguese academic institute that integrates the association EUROPAEUM , a group of leading universities from Europe. The Institute provides its students with an undergraduate program in Political Science and International Relations; master's degrees in Political Science and International Relations: Security and Defense, Political Science: Governance and International Relations (Mozambique), Governance, Leadership and Democracy Studies; Double Degrees in European Studies and Governance, Leadership and Democracy Studies in partnership with Jagiellonian University – Poland, and in International Studies and Governance, Leadership and Democracy Studies in partnership with Pázmány Péter Catholic University – Hungary;

261-545: A European and Global Context, Law in a Digital Economy, and in International Business Law; Ph.D. Programme in Law and Global Ph.D. Programme; and Post-Graduate programmes and Intensive and Short Courses. Throughout the years, a couple of programmes have been distinguished by Eduniversal and Financial Times. The Católica | Lisbon School of Law has a research unit of generalist scope, entitled Católica Research Centre for

348-528: A doctoral degree in Political Science and International Relations: Security and Defense; a Post-Graduate program and Advanced Training programmes. IEP has two research units: Centre for European Studies, led by Professor José Manuel Durão Barroso (Former President of the European Commission from 2004 to 2014), and Research Centre of the Institute for Political Studies, which is an R&D unit funded by

435-606: A foreign language/second language; doctoral degrees in communication studies, international doctoral program in culture studies, translation studies, history, psychology: emotions and wellbeing and social work; as well as a variety of post-graduate and advanced training programmes. The Faculty of Human Sciences integrates four research centres: Research Centre for Communication and Culture, Research Centre for Philosophy, Research Centre for Portuguese Speaking Peoples and Cultures, and Católica Research Centre for Psychological, Family and Social Wellbeing. The Católica | Lisbon School of Law

522-530: A four-year term: 14 are directly elected , 12 indirectly elected , and 7 appointed by the Chief Executive. Indirectly elected assemblymen are selected from limited electorates representing sectors of the economy or special interest groups. All directly elected members are chosen with proportional representation . Twelve political parties had representatives elected to the Legislative Assembly in

609-457: A land area of 32.9 km (12.7 sq mi), it is the most densely populated region in the world. Formerly a Portuguese colony, the territory of Portuguese Macau was first leased to Portugal by the Ming dynasty as a trading post in 1557. Portugal paid an annual rent and administered the territory under Chinese sovereignty until 1887. Portugal later gained perpetual colonial rights in

696-507: A large portion of nonresident workers to live in Zhuhai. Macau has a capitalist service economy largely based on casino gaming and tourism. It is the world's 83rd-largest economy , with a nominal GDP of approximately MOP433 billion (US$ 53.9 billion). The GDP per capita was US$ 69,430 in 2023. Although Macau has one of the highest per capita GDPs, the territory also has a high level of wealth disparity . Macau's gambling industry

783-593: A major warehouse during the late 16th century, providing a crucial connection in exporting Chinese silk to Japan during the Nanban trade period. Although the Portuguese were initially prohibited from fortifying Macau or stockpiling weapons, the Fortaleza do Monte was constructed in response to frequent Dutch naval incursions . The Dutch attempted to take the city in the 1622 Battle of Macau , but were repelled successfully by

870-468: A much greater role in governing the territory during this period; Chinese residents were subject to Qing courts and new construction had to be approved by the resident mandarin beginning in the 1740s. As the opium trade became more lucrative during the 18th century, Macau again became an important stopping point en route to China. Following the First Opium War and the establishment of Hong Kong by

957-547: A population density of 21,340 people per square kilometre, Macau is the most densely populated region in the world. The overwhelming majority (88.7 per cent) are Chinese , many of whom originate from Guangdong (31.9 per cent) or Fujian (5.9 per cent). The remaining 11.6 per cent are non ethnic Chinese minorities, primarily Filipinos (4.6 per cent), Vietnamese (2.4 per cent), and Portuguese (1.8 per cent). Several thousand residents are of Macanese heritage, native-born multiracial people with mixed Portuguese ancestry. Of

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1044-591: A research unit entitled Católica Lisbon Research Unit in Business and Economics. Founded in 1972, the Faculty of Human Sciences offers programmes focused on communication sciences, social sciences, culture studies, philosophy and psychology. The faculty went through a restructuring process in 1991, after the establishing of the Faculties of Law and of Economics and Business Sciences, implementing new degree programmes. Throughout

1131-451: A share of GDP peaked in 2013 at over 60 per cent, and continues to account for 49.1 per cent of total economic output. The vast majority of casino patrons are tourists from mainland China, making up 68 per cent of all visitors. Casino gaming is illegal in both the mainland and Hong Kong, giving Macau a legal monopoly on the industry in China. Revenue from Chinese high rollers has been falling and

1218-727: A specialization in Leadership Development, Management with a specialization in Strategic Marketing, Management with a specialization in Digital Innovation and Management with a specialization in Finance and Control. The school also offers executive programmes, related to Management, Finance, Innovation, Healthcare Management, among others. CATÓLICA-LISBON also has a Master's in Business Administration program, which

1305-867: A total area of 43,000 m (460,000 sq ft), which include classrooms, auditoriums, computer rooms, the John Paul II University Library, the Rectory, administrative and school services, a congress centre, bars, canteens and restaurant, associative and social spaces, the bookstore, the stationery and copy centre. In Lisbon, operate the following faculties and institutes: Católica Global School of Law, Católica Lisbon School of Business and Economics, Católica Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences and Nursing, Faculty of Human Sciences, Faculty of Law - Lisbon School, Faculty of Theology, Higher Institute of Canon Law, Institute for Political Studies, Institute of Bioethics, and Nursing School. Founded in 1989,

1392-406: A trading post from China by paying annual lease of hundreds of silver taels to Ming China. Luso-Canton trade relations were formally reestablished in 1554, and Portugal soon after acquired a permanent lease for Macau in 1557, agreeing to pay 500 taels of silver as annual land rent. Macau became a stopover on the sea lane that connected Japan with the wider world. The Portuguese could avoid

1479-437: Is Coloane Alto , 170.6 m (560 ft) above sea level. Urban development is concentrated on peninsular Macau, where most of the population lives. The peninsula was originally a separate island with hilly terrain, which gradually became a tombolo as a connecting sandbar formed over time. Both natural sedimentation and land reclamation expanded the area enough to support urban growth. Macau has tripled its land area in

1566-847: Is Professor Isabel Capeloa Gil . Students: 13 026 students (Degree-Granting Programmes); 7 549 postgraduate students (non degree-granting programmes). Faculty: 1 109 faculty members; 251 international faculty members. Degrees awarded: 44 686 undergraduate; 20 387 masters; 1 017 doctoral. Study Cycles: 40 Undergraduate; 67 Masters; 28 Doctoral. Research: 15 research units; 1 484 researchers; 11 824 scientific publications; 84 patents. (2019-2023) Internationalisation: 3 870 international students; 763 mobility protocols; 110 student nationalities. Grants and awards: 2 393 Grants and prizes awarded; € 5.190.156 in merit-based grants, social support and awards in 2023. Teaching units: 19 basic teaching units, four of them with extensions in several UCP locations. Source: 1967: Universidade Católica Portuguesa

1653-771: Is a concordat university (non-state-run university with concordat status) headquartered in Lisbon and with four locations: Lisbon, Braga, Porto and Viseu. Besides the four centres in Portugal, UCP also has the University of Saint Joseph in Macau as its affiliate. It was recognized as the best Portuguese university according to the Times Higher Education World University Rankings , from 2021 to 2023, with more than 20 000 students. The current and 6th rector of UCP

1740-617: Is a complicated question, since like the Galicia region in Spain , it is not an independent country, but only a part of China. However, the Instituto Internacional de Macau ( 澳門國際研究所 ) and the University of São José are Consultative Observers of the CPLP. The territory is divided into seven parishes. Cotai , a major area developed on reclaimed land between Taipa and Coloane , and areas of

1827-627: Is a joint-venture between Catholic University of Portugal and Universidade Nova de Lisboa. The partnership includes a full-time one year degree, in partnership with MIT Sloan School of Management and a part-time degree. The two universities that offer this program hold accreditation, from the Association for MBAs, the European Foundation for Management Development and the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business . CATÓLICA-LISBON has

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1914-473: Is also heavily subsidised. Migrant workers living in Macau account for over 25 per cent of the entire workforce. They largely work in lower wage sectors of the economy, including construction, hotels, and restaurants. As a growing proportion of local residents take up employment in the gaming industry, the disparity in income between local and migrant workers has been increasing. Rising living costs have also pushed

2001-415: Is dual season dominant – summer (May to September) and winter (December to February) are the longest seasons, while spring (March and April) and autumn (October and November) are relatively brief periods. The summer monsoon brings warm and humid air from the sea, with the most frequent rainfall occurring during the season. Typhoons also occur most often then, bringing significant spikes in rainfall. During

2088-567: Is established by decree of the Holy See ( Lusitanorum Nobilissima Gens ), at the request of the Portuguese Bishops' conference and under Concordat Law. 1968: the University is extended to Lisbon where it opens the Faculty of Theology. 1971: Católica is officially recognized by the Portuguese government in 1971, by decree-law 307/71, which acknowledges Universidade Católica as on a par with

2175-449: Is found in a letter dated 20 November 1555. The local inhabitants believed that the sea goddess Matsu (alternatively called A-Ma) had blessed and protected the harbour and referred to the waters around A-Ma Temple by her name. When Portuguese explorers first arrived in the area and asked for the place name, the locals thought they were asking about the temple and told them it was "Ma Kok" ( 媽閣 ). The earliest Portuguese spelling for this

2262-598: Is the largest in the world, generating over MOP195 billion (US$ 24 billion) in revenue and about seven times larger than that of Las Vegas . Macau's gambling revenue was $ 37 billion in 2018. Taxes from gambling revenues fund a robust welfare system and an annual cash payment to Macau's citizens. The regional economy is heavily reliant on casino gaming. The vast majority of government funding (79.6 per cent of total tax revenue) comes from gaming. Local taxes on personal income, residential property, and retail sales range from non-existent to negligible. Gambling as

2349-551: Is very similar to Hong Kong's. The regional government is composed of three branches: The Chief Executive is the head of government, and serves for a maximum of two five-year terms. The State Council (led by the Premier of China ) appoints the Chief Executive after nomination by the Election Committee, which is composed of 400 business, community, and government leaders. The Legislative Assembly has 33 members, each serving

2436-559: The Haijin policies. It was limited only to Macau on a lesser scale while the new dynasty focused on eliminating surviving Ming loyalists . While the Kangxi Emperor lifted the prohibition in 1684, China again restricted trade decades later under the Canton System in 1757. Foreign ships were required to stop first at Macau before further proceeding to Canton . Qing authorities exercised

2523-634: The 2017 election . These parties have aligned themselves into two ideological groups: the pro-establishment (the current government) and pro-democracy camps. Macau is represented in the National People's Congress by 12 deputies chosen through an electoral college, and 29 delegates in the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference appointed by the central government . Macau has generally congenial relations with China's central government. Chinese national law does not generally apply in

2610-658: The 2019 legislative election . In the following Portuguese legislative elections of 2022 , he rejoined the lists, this time for Lisbon , and was elected MP to the Portuguese Parliament . Since his election to Parliament in 2022, Bernardo has served as Vice-President of the European Affairs Committee and as coordinator in the Committee of Environment and Energy. He also serves as Vice-President of Liberal Initiative 's parliamentary group and as coordinator in

2697-562: The Chinese Communist Party in exchange for continued administration of Macau. Following the 1974 Carnation Revolution , Portugal formally relinquished Macau as an overseas province and acknowledged it as a "Chinese territory under Portuguese administration". After China first concluded arrangements on Hong Kong's future with the United Kingdom , it entered negotiations with Portugal over Macau in 1986. These concluded with

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2784-631: The Macau New Urban Zone do not have defined parishes. Historically, the parishes belonged to one of two municipalities (the Municipality of Macau or the Municipality of Ilhas ) that were responsible for administering municipal services. The municipalities were abolished in 2001 and superseded by the Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau in providing local services. Macau is located on China's southern coast, 60 km (37 mi) west of Hong Kong , on

2871-496: The Sino-Portuguese Treaty of Peking . The colony remained under Portuguese rule until the 1999 handover to China. Macau is a special administrative region of China, which maintains separate governing and economic systems from those of mainland China under the principle of " one country, two systems ". The unique blend of Portuguese and Chinese architecture in the city's historic centre has resulted in its inscription on

2958-401: The Sino-Portuguese Treaty of Peking . This agreement also prohibited Portugal from ceding Macau without Chinese approval. Despite occasional conflict between Cantonese authorities and the colonial government, Macau's status remained unchanged through the republican revolutions of both Portugal in 1910 and China in 1911 . The Kuomintang further affirmed Portuguese jurisdiction in Macau when

3045-483: The Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macau . This licence was renegotiated and renewed several times before ending in 2002 after 40 years. The government then allowed open bidding for casino licences to attract foreign investors. Along with an easing of travel restrictions on mainland Chinese visitors, this triggered a period of rapid economic growth; from 1999 to 2016, Macau's gross domestic product multiplied by 7 and

3132-650: The Song dynasty (960–1279 AD), it was under the jurisdiction of the new Xiangshan County . In 1277, approximately 50,000 refugees fleeing the Mongol conquest of China settled in the coastal area. The first European visitor to reach China by sea was the explorer Jorge Álvares , who arrived in 1513. Merchants first established a trading post in Hong Kong waters at Tamão , present-day Tuen Mun , beginning regular trade with nearby settlements in southern China. Military clashes between

3219-749: The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress can also override territorial judicial processes. In 2021, after similar actions were taken in Hong Kong following the protests associated with the Anti-Extradition Law Amendment Bill Movement, 21 candidates running for office in the territorial elections were disqualified as a result of allegedly failing to support the Basic Law, although no specific violations were noted by

3306-581: The State Council . Further reclamation is underway to develop parts of the Macau New Urban Zone . The territory also has control over part of an artificial island to maintain a border checkpoint for the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge . Despite being located south of the Tropic of Cancer , Macau has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cwa ), characteristic of southern China. The territory

3393-556: The UNESCO World Heritage List in 2005. Originally a sparsely populated collection of coastal islands, Macau, often referred to as the "Las Vegas of the East", since the late 20th century has become a major resort city and a top destination for gambling tourism. Its gambling industry is seven times larger than that of Las Vegas . The city has one of the highest GDPs per capita and GDPs per capita by purchasing power parity in

3480-612: The World Trade Organization and United Nations . The regional government maintains trade offices in Greater China and other nations. Public political demonstrations in Macau are generally rare. Macau is not a member of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries , despite Portuguese being one of its official languages. This is due to it not being a sovereign nation, but a subnational division of China. In 2006, during

3567-525: The handover , resulting in an executive-led governing system largely inherited from the territory's history as a Portuguese colony. Under these terms and the " one country, two systems " principle, the Basic Law of Macao is the regional constitution . Because negotiations for the Joint Declaration and Basic Law began after transitional arrangements for Hong Kong were made, Macau's structure of government

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3654-526: The matchlock musket arquebuses , which they named bird guns , and breech-loading swivel guns , which they named as Folangji ( Frankish ) cannon because the Portuguese were known to the Chinese under the name of Franks at this time. The Portuguese later returned to China peacefully and presented themselves under the name Portuguese instead of Franks in the Luso-Chinese agreement (1554) . They rented Macau as

3741-542: The right of abode in Macau and are subject to immigration controls. Public finances are handled separately from the national government, and taxes levied in Macau do not fund the central authority. The Macao Garrison is responsible for the region's defence. Although the Chairman of the Central Military Commission is supreme commander of the armed forces, the regional government may request assistance from

3828-430: The simplified characters used on the mainland. English is considered an additional working language and is spoken by over a quarter of the population (27.5 per cent); 2.8 per cent are native speakers, and 24.7 per cent speak English as a second language. Macanese Patois , a local creole generally known as Patuá , is now spoken only by a few in the older Macanese community. Religion in Macau (2012) According to

3915-695: The British, Macau lost its role as a major port. Firecracker and incense production, as well as tea and tobacco processing, were vital industries in the colony during this time. Portugal was able to capitalise on China's postwar weakness and assert its sovereignty; the Governor of Macau began refusing to pay China annual land rent for the colony in the 1840s, and annexed Taipa and Coloane , in 1851 and 1864, respectively. Portugal also occupied nearby Lapa and Montanha . But these were returned to China by 1887, when perpetual occupation rights over Macau were formalised in

4002-567: The Budget and Finance Committee. Blanco has garnered particular notoriety through his participation in the parliamentary hearings related to the nationalization process of the country's national airline, TAP Air Portugal , by exposing secret meetings between ruling party members and the company and several other cases of poor management and public expenditure. Some newspapers have used the term "star-MP" to refer to Bernardo for his performance in this role. In September 2024 he announced his candidacy for

4089-1370: The Católica Lisbon School of Business and Economics is one of the Business Schools in Portugal. The School is the first Business School in Portugal to be accredited by the Triple Crown , as well as the only Affiliated School in Portugal of the Chartered Financial Analyst® (CFA) Program, and also with Executive Education programmes ranked by the Financial Times among the 50 best in the world. The school offers undergraduate degrees in Management, Economics, international undergraduate in Management and international undergraduate in Economics; masters of science taught entirely in English, in Management, Economics, Finance, Management with specialization in Strategic Marketing, Management with specialization in Strategy & Entrepreneurship, and in Business. CATÓLICA-LISBON also has executive masters programmes in Finance, Management with

4176-667: The FCT – Science and Technology Foundation. The Integrated Master in Medicine at Universidade Católica received accreditation by the Agency for Assessment and Accreditation of Higher Education (A3ES) in October 2020. It focuses on three strategic lines: Macau Macau or Macao is a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China . With a population of about 710,000 people and

4263-445: The Faculty of Biotechnology, a pioneer school in Portugal. 1996: Creation of the Inter-university Institute of Macau (presently the University of St Joseph in Macau ). 1999: Creation of Braga Regional Centre. 2006: Incorporation into the Institute of Health Sciences of Schools of Nursing based in Porto and Lisbon. Later it was named Católica School of Nursing. 2008: Católica Lisbon School of Business & Economics becomes

4350-407: The Future of Law, created in 2012. Founded in 2004, the Institute of Higher Canon Law was canonically erected by the Holy See as an Institute ad instar facultis , representing a teaching and research unit. The Institute follows the previous Centre for the Study of Canon Law (CEDC), created in 1989. The Institute for Higher Canon Law offers a program that deepens the study of Canon Law, in which

4437-420: The Government Information Bureau, 80 per cent of the population practices Buddhism , 6.7 per cent follow Christianity and 13.7 per cent follow other religion. Folk practices are also common among the citizens. According to Pew Research Center , Chinese folk religions have the most adherents (58.9 per cent) and are followed by Buddhism (17.3 per cent) and Christianity (7.2 per cent), while 15.4 per cent of

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4524-449: The II Ministerial meeting between China and Portuguese Speaking Countries, the CPLP Executive Secretary and Deputy ambassador Tadeu Soares invited the Chief Executive of the Government of the Macau Special Administrative Region, Edmund Ho, to request the Associate Observer status for Macau. The Government of Macau has yet to make this request. In 2016, Murade Murargy, then executive secretary of CPLP said in an interview that Macau's membership

4611-411: The Ming and Portuguese navies followed the expulsion of the Tamão traders in 1521. Despite the trade ban, Portuguese merchants continued to attempt to settle on other parts of the Pearl River estuary, finally settling on Macau. In their first attempts at obtaining trading posts by force, the Portuguese were defeated by the Ming Chinese at the Battle of Tunmen in Tamão (or Tuen Mun ) in 1521, where

4698-402: The Pearl River and inched towards Quanzhou and Ningbo . But as they failed to establish trading relationships with the Chinese, the Portuguese focused on trade with Japan. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Macau was created in 1576, and by 1583 the Municipal Council of Macau had been established to handle municipal affairs for the growing settlement. Macau was at the peak of its prosperity as

4785-401: The Philippines, Australia, Vietnam and the Russian Far East led in 2019 to the lowest revenues in three years. Export-oriented manufacturing previously contributed to a much larger share of economic output, peaking at 36.9 per cent of GDP in 1985 and falling to less than 1 per cent in 2017. The bulk of these exports were cotton textiles and apparel, but also included toys and electronics. At

4872-489: The Portuguese lost two ships. They were also defeated at the Battle of Sincouwaan around Lantau Island , where the Portuguese lost two more ships. Other defeats include Shuangyu in 1548, where several Portuguese were captured, and near Dongshan County in 1549, where two Portuguese junks and Galeote Pereira were captured. During these battles the Ming Chinese captured weapons from the defeated Portuguese which they reverse engineered and mass-produced in China. These included

4959-412: The Portuguese. Macau entered a period of decline in the 1640s following a series of catastrophic events for the burgeoning colony: Portuguese access to trade routes was irreparably severed when Japan halted trade in 1639, and after the Portuguese Restoration War of 1640, Portuguese Malacca fell to the Dutch in 1641. Maritime trade with China was banned in 1644 following the Qing conquest under

5046-416: The Treaty of Peking was renegotiated in 1928. During the Second World War , the Empire of Japan did not occupy the colony and generally respected Portuguese neutrality in Macau. However, after Japanese troops captured a British cargo ship in Macau waters in 1943, Japan installed a group of government "advisors" as an alternative to military occupation. The territory largely avoided military action during

5133-422: The colony expanded its clothing and textiles manufacturing industry, developed its tourism industry, and legalised casino gaming. However, at the height of the Cultural Revolution , residents dissatisfied with the colonial administration rioted in the 1966 12-3 incident , in which 8 people were killed and more than 200 were injured. Portugal lost full control over the colony afterwards, and agreed to cooperate with

5220-403: The economy and taxes corporations at very low rates. Post-handover administrations have generally been more involved in enhancing social welfare to counter the cyclical nature of the gaming industry. Economic growth has been attributed in large part to the high number of mainlander visits to Macau, and the central government exercises a role in guiding casino business growth through its control of

5307-428: The first Portuguese Business School to hold the Triple Crown status. It is considered the Best Business School by the Financial Times. 2018: The Portuguese President awards UCP as an Honorary Member of the Order of Public Instruction. 2020: Accreditation of the Integrated Master in Medicine. 2022 : 55th anniversary celebration. 2023: Pope Francis visits UCP for Lisbon World Youth Day 2023 and blesses

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5394-520: The first stone of the future Campus Veritati. The Catholic University of Portugal is a national university composed by the Headquarters in Lisbon and three regional centres in Porto, Braga and Viseu, each one including several schools, faculties, institutes and departments. The campus of Palma de Cima extends over an area of about 37,000 m (400,000 sq ft), plus a separate area of approximately 12,000 m (130,000 sq ft), which will be briefly built. There are three buildings in

5481-442: The first undergraduate course in Philosophy, Politics and Economics in Portugal; master's degrees in communication studies, culture studies, psychology in business and economics, education sciences, family studies, Asian studies, philosophy, psychology of wellbeing and health promotion, social work, translation, linguistics for teachers of English as a foreign language, Portuguese Sign Language Teaching - b-learning, and Portuguese as

5568-516: The garrison. Macau residents are not required to perform military service and the law also has no provision for local enlistment, so its defence force is composed entirely of nonresidents. The State Council and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs handle diplomatic matters, but Macau retains the ability to maintain separate economic and cultural relations with foreign nations . The territory negotiates its own trade agreements and actively participates in supranational organisations, including agencies of

5655-405: The handover in 1999, manufacturing, financial services, construction and real estate, and gaming were the four largest sectors of the economy. Macau's shift to an economic model entirely dependent on gaming caused concern over its overexposure to a single sector, prompting the regional government to attempt re-diversifying its economy. The government traditionally had a non-interventionist role in

5742-460: The last century, increasing from 10.28 km (3.97 sq mi) in the late 19th century to 32.9 km (12.7 sq mi) in 2018. Cotai , the area of reclaimed land connecting Taipa and Coloane, contains many of the newer casinos and resorts established after 1999. The region's jurisdiction over the surrounding sea was greatly expanded in 2015, when it was granted an additional 85 km (33 sq mi) of maritime territory by

5829-406: The other Portuguese universities. 1972: Establishment of the Faculty of Human Sciences in Lisbon, at Palma de Cima campus. 1973: Creation of the first Programme in Management in Portugal, the undergraduate degree in Business Sciences, later called Management and Business Administration. 1978: Católica is extended to Porto. 1980: Católica is extended to Viseu. 1984: Establishment of

5916-520: The population profess no religious affiliation at all. Small minorities adhering to other religions (less than 1 per cent), including Hinduism , Judaism , and Islam , are also resident in Macau. Life expectancy in Macau was 81.6 years for males and 87.7 years for females in 2018, the fourth highest in the world. Cancer , heart disease , and respiratory disease are the territory's three leading causes of death. Most government-provided healthcare services are free of charge, though alternative treatment

6003-550: The population, 80.1 per cent as a first language and 7.5 per cent as a second language. Only 2.3 per cent can speak Portuguese , the other official language; 0.7 per cent are native speakers, and 1.6 per cent use it as a second language. Increased immigration from mainland China in recent years has added to the number of Mandarin speakers, making up about half of the population (50.4 per cent); 5.5 per cent are native speakers and 44.9 per cent are second language speakers. Traditional Chinese characters are used in writing, rather than

6090-665: The position of Vice-President of ALDE at the upcoming Congress in Estoril, stating his motivation to "reconnect with young people" and "lead them away from extremism towards liberalism". In his early years, he was vice-president of the Mises Portugal Institute and local coordinator of Students for Liberty . He is also author of the blog "O Insurgente", with his fellow IL MPs Carlos Guimarães Pinto and Rui Rocha . Catholic University of Portugal The Catholic University of Portugal ( Portuguese : Universidade Católica Portuguesa , pronounced [univɨɾsiˈðad(ɨ) kɐˈtɔlikɐ puɾtuˈɣezɐ] ), also referred to as Católica or UCP for short,

6177-426: The region, and Macau is treated as a separate jurisdiction. Its judicial system is based on Portuguese civil law , continuing the legal tradition established during colonial rule. Interpretative and amending power over the Basic Law and jurisdiction over acts of state lie with the central authority, however, making regional courts ultimately subordinate to the mainland's socialist civil law system. Decisions made by

6264-554: The signing of the 1987 Joint Declaration on the Question of Macau , in which Portugal agreed the handover of the colony in 1999 and China guaranteed Macau's political and economic systems for 50 years after the handover. In the waning years of colonial rule, Macau rapidly urbanised and constructed large-scale infrastructure projects, including the Macau International Airport and a new container port . The handover of Macau

6351-518: The territory's electoral commission. The territory's jurisdictional independence is most apparent in its immigration and taxation policies. The Identification Department issues passports for permanent residents which differ from those issued by the mainland or Hong Kong, and the region maintains a regulated border with the rest of the country. All travellers between Macau and China and Hong Kong must pass border controls, regardless of nationality. Chinese citizens resident in mainland China do not have

6438-470: The total population (excluding migrants), 49.4 per cent were born in Macau, followed by 43.1 per cent in mainland China. A large portion of the population are Portuguese citizens , a legacy of colonial rule; at the time of the handover in 1999, 107,000 residents held Portuguese passports. The predominant language is Cantonese , a variety of Chinese originating in Guangdong. It is spoken by 87.5 per cent of

6525-480: The unemployment rate dropped from 6.3 to 1.9 per cent. The Sands Macao , Wynn Macau , MGM Macau , and Venetian Macau were all opened during the first decade after liberalisation of casino concessions. Casinos employ about 24 per cent of the total workforce in the region. "Increased competition from casinos popping up across Asia to lure away Chinese high rollers and tourists" in Singapore, South Korea, Japan, Nepal,

6612-438: The very small size of a 'microstate' helps central authorities to exercise political control, stifle political pluralism, and monopolize opinions, all of which strengthen regime persistence." Macau is a special administrative region of China , with executive, legislative, and judicial powers devolved from the national government . The Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration provided for economic and administrative continuity through

6699-590: The war except in 1945, when the United States ordered air raids on Macau after learning that the colonial government was preparing to sell aviation fuel to Japan. In 1950 the US paid Portugal more than US$ 20 million in compensation for the damage during the war. Refugees from mainland China swelled the population as they fled from the Chinese Civil War . Access to a large workforce enabled Macau's economy to grow as

6786-570: The western side of the Pearl River estuary. It is surrounded by the South China Sea in the east and south, and neighbours the Guangdong city of Zhuhai to the west and north. The territory consists of Macau Peninsula , Taipa , and Coloane . A 1 km (0.39 sq mi) parcel of land in neighbouring Hengqin island that hosts the University of Macau also falls under the regional government's jurisdiction. The territory's highest point

6873-568: The whole territory. During the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC), the region was under the jurisdiction of Panyu County , Nanhai Prefecture of the province of Guangdong . The region is first known to have been settled during the Han dynasty . It was administratively part of Dongguan Prefecture in the Jin dynasty (266–420 AD), and alternated under the control of Nanhai and Dongguan in later dynasties. In 1152, during

6960-471: The winter, northern winds from the continent bring dry air and much less rainfall. The highest and lowest temperatures recorded at the Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau are 38.9 °C (102.0 °F) on both 2 July 1930 and 6 July 1930 and −1.8 °C (28.8 °F) on 26 January 1948. The Statistics and Census Service estimated Macau's population at 667,400 at the end of 2018. With

7047-425: The world on a per capita basis. Political debates have centred on the region's jurisdictional independence and the central government's adherence of " one country, two systems ". While issues such as national security legislation have been controversial, Macanese residents generally have high levels of trust in the government. Kwong and Wong explain this by comparing Macau to Hong Kong: "The case of Macau shows that

7134-500: The world. It has a very high Human Development Index of 0.925, as calculated by the Government of Macau , and the fourth-highest life expectancy in the world. The territory is highly urbanised, holding the status of the most densely populated territory on Earth; two-thirds of the total land area is built on land reclaimed from the sea . The first known written record of the name "Macau", rendered as "A Ma Gang" ( 亞/阿-媽/馬-港 ),

7221-447: The years, the Faculty has been acknowledged by Eduniversal, which annually evaluates thousands of programmes in 30 fields of knowledge, prepares the ranking based on the reputation of the courses, the level of employability and the degree of student satisfaction. The faculty offers undergraduate programmes in social and cultural communication studies, applied foreign languages, social work, psychology and philosophy – B-Learning and it has

7308-694: Was Amaquão . Multiple variations were used until Amacão / Amacao and Macão / Macao became common during the 17th century. The 1911 reform of Portuguese orthography standardised the spelling as Macau ; however, the use of Macao persisted in English and other European languages. The Macau Peninsula had many names in Chinese, including Jing'ao ( 井澳/鏡澳 ), Haojing ( 濠鏡 ), and Haojing'ao ( 濠鏡澳 ). The islands Taipa , Coloane , and Hengqin were collectively called Shizimen ( 十字門 ). These names would later become Ou mún ( 澳門 ), Aomen in Mandarin and translating as "bay gate" or "port gate", to refer to

7395-404: Was at midnight on 20 December 1999, after 442 years of Portuguese rule. Following the handover, Macau liberalised its casino industry (which previously operated under a government-licensed monopoly) to allow foreign investors, starting a new period of economic development. The regional economy grew by a double-digit annual growth rate from 2002 to 2014, making Macau one of the richest economies in

7482-574: Was forecast to fall as much as 10% more in 2019. Economic uncertainty may account for some of the drop, but alternate Asian gambling venues do as well. For example, Chinese visitors to the Philippines more than doubled between 2015 and 2018, since the City of Dreams casino opened in Manila. Casino gambling was legalised in 1962 and the gaming industry initially operated under a government-licensed monopoly granted to

7569-517: Was founded in 1989, although the first undergraduate degree in Law from Catholic University of Portugal took place in 1976, as part of the Faculty of Human Sciences. The Católica | Lisbon School of Law offers an undergraduate degree in Law; Master's programmes in Master of Laws – Administrative Law, Master of Law & Business, Master of Laws – Corporate Law, Master of Laws – Taxation, Master of Laws – Litigation, and Master of Transnational Law; LL.M. Law in

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