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33-570: Gatow's existence was first recorded in 1258 under the name of Gatho . In 1558, the village of Gatow became part of Spandau . Following the division of Berlin into four sectors at the end of the Second World War , Gatow became part of the British sector of West Berlin in early July 1945. Today's General-Steinhoff-Kaserne was between 1934 and 1994 home to an airfield, first used by the Luftwaffe as

66-622: A row from 1979 to 1992, and winner of the German cup twelve times and won the European Cup in 1982, 1985, 1986 and 1989. He is currently the president of the association (as of 2020). The team's home games do not take place in the district, but in the Sportzentrum Schöneberg . For 2027, the team plans to move to the then newly constructed arena in Spandau. In 1939, LSV Spandau won the title of

99-561: A special law. § 2 For the rendering of the coat-of-arms the patterns, which are attached to this law as appendix, are authoritative. The coloured patterns are deposited in the Main Public Record Office of Saxony. § 3 The regulations necessary for the implementation of this law are issued by the State Government. It can pass on this authority. § 4 This law comes into force the day after its proclamation. The preceding law

132-626: A staff and technical college, Luftkriegsschule II , and then by the Royal Air Force and Army Air Corps as RAF Gatow . RAF Gatow has the unlikely distinction of having been home during the Berlin Airlift to the only known operational use of flying boats within central Europe, when the RAF used Short Sunderlands to transport salt from Hamburg to Berlin, landing on the Havelsee lake. The airfield

165-539: Is the district council ( Bezirksverordnetenversammlung ). It has responsibility for passing laws and electing the city government, including the mayor. The most recent district council election was held on 26 September 2021, and the results were as follows: The district mayor ( Bezirksbürgermeister ) is elected by the Bezirksverordnetenversammlung, and positions in the district government (Bezirksamt) are apportioned based on party strength. Carola Brückner of

198-519: The Berlin Airlift . Since 1995 the airfield has been the Gatow Museum of Military History . Outside Berlin, Spandau borders the districts ( Kreis ) of Oberhavel to the north, and Havelland to the west, and the city of Potsdam , Brandenburg , to the southwest. Within Berlin, it borders the boroughs of Steglitz-Zehlendorf to the south, Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf to the east, and Reinickendorf to

231-511: The Federal Republic of Germany . This has been from 2003 part of the district of Berlin-Kladow. Spandau Spandau ( German: [ˈʃpandaʊ̯] ) is the westernmost of the 12 boroughs ( Bezirke ) of Berlin , situated at the confluence of the Havel and Spree rivers and extending along the western bank of the Havel . It is the smallest borough by population, but

264-570: The German Army . In 1920, Spandau (whose name had been changed from Spandow in 1878) was incorporated into Greater Berlin as a borough. During World War II , Spandau was the location of a subcamp of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp , mostly for Polish and Hungarian women. After World War II, it was part of the British sector of West Berlin . Spandau Prison , which had been rebuilt in 1876,

297-649: The Saxon Eastern March . Esiko's grandson was Otto, Count of Ballenstedt , who died in 1123. By Otto's marriage to Eilika , daughter of Magnus, Duke of Saxony , the Ascanians became heirs to half of the property of the House of Billung , former dukes of Saxony . Otto's son, Albert the Bear , became, with the help of his mother's inheritance, the first Ascanian duke of Saxony in 1139. However, he soon lost control of Saxony to

330-625: The Thirty Years' War , Spandau was surrendered to the Swedes . In 1806, after the Battle of Jena and Auerstedt , French troops under Napoleon took possession of the city and stayed there until 1807. In 1812, Napoleon returned, and the Citadel was besieged the following year by Prussian and Russian troops. From 1849 the poet and revolutionary Gottfried Kinkel was an inmate of Spandau town prison, until he

363-606: The Welf 's Henry the Lion , who was deposed by Emperor Frederick Barbarossa . In 1180, Albert's son Bernhard, Count of Anhalt received the remaining Saxon territories around Wittenberg and Lauenburg , and the ducal title. Legend, so unlikely to be true, goes that when he rode in front of the emperor, at the occasion of his investiture, he carried a shield with his escutcheon of the Ballenstedt coat of arms ( barry sable and or ). Barbarossa took

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396-603: The rue wreath he wore against the heat of the sun from his head, hanging it over Bernhard's shield and thus creating the Saxonian crancelin vert (" Barry of ten sable and or, a crancelin vert "). A more likely explanation is that it probably symbolized the waiver of the Lauenburg lands. From about 1260, the Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg emerged under the Ascanian duke Albert II , who adopted

429-525: The 1848 St. Marien am Behnitz Catholic church designed by August Soller , and Spandau arsenal . That arsenal's Spandau machine gun inspired the slang Spandau Ballet to describe dying soldiers on barbed wire during the First World War , and later was applied to the appearance of Nazi war criminals at Spandau Prison . In 1979, the English New Romantic band Spandau Ballet again re-purposed

462-495: The Bear , was the first Margrave of Brandenburg from the House of Ascania. The origin of his nickname "the Bear" is unknown. The Landtag of Saxony state parliament has passed on 25 October 1991 the following law: § 1 (1) The lesser coat-of-arms of the Free State of Saxony shows an escutcheon bendy of nine pieces black and gold, a green rue-crown bendwise. (2) A greater coat-of-arms of the Free State of Saxony can be determined by

495-645: The Emperor. However, even in eastern Saxony, the Ascanians could establish control only in limited areas, mostly near the River Elbe. In the 13th century, the Principality of Anhalt was split off from the Duchy of Saxony. Later, the remaining state was split into Saxe-Lauenburg and Saxe-Wittenberg . The Ascanian dynasties in the two Saxon states became extinct in 1689 and in 1422, respectively, but Ascanians continued to rule in

528-524: The SPD was elected mayor on 4 November 2021. Since the 2021 municipal elections, the composition of the district government is as follows: The Wasserfreunde Spandau 04 have traditionally been an immensely powerful water polo team. They have been the most successful ball sports team in Europe with 85 national and international titles. Hagen Stamm , longtime captain of the team, was German champion fourteen times in

561-585: The first German basketball championship , which was won by a clear 47:16 victory over Bad Kreuznach . After 1945, the association was dissolved. Spandau is twinned with: Ascanian (804–1036) [REDACTED] Duchy of Saxony The House of Ascania ( German : Askanier ) was a dynasty of German rulers. It is also known as the House of Anhalt , which refers to its longest-held possession, Anhalt . The Ascanians are named after Ascania (or Ascaria) Castle, known as Schloss Askanien in German, which

594-451: The first mention as Spandowe in a deed of Otto II, Margrave of Brandenburg – thus forty years earlier than the Cölln part of medieval Berlin. Spandau was given city rights in 1232. During Ascanian rule the construction of Spandau Citadel began, which was completed between 1559 and 1594 by Joachim II of Brandenburg . In 1558 the village of Gatow became part of Spandau. In 1634, during

627-559: The fourth largest by land area. Modern industries in Spandau include metalworking, and chemical and electrical factories. BMW Motorrad 's Spandau factory made all BMW's motorcycles from 1969 until final assembly plants were added in Rayong , Thailand, in 2000, and Manaus , Brazil, in 2016. Rathaus Spandau , Spandau's seat of government, was built in 1913. Other landmarks include the Renaissance-era Spandau Citadel ,

660-579: The history of the airfield. Admission to the museum is free, and full details of the museum and how to get there are on the museum's website [1] . The history of RAF Gatow and of western forces in Berlin from 1945 to 1994 is told in the Alliierten Museum ( Allied Museum ) [2] . Also on the site of the former RAF station, but not part of General-Steinhoff-Kaserne , is a school, the Hans-Carossa-Gymnasium , and houses for government employees of

693-414: The northeast. Its land area of 91.91 km (35.49 sq mi) is the fourth-largest of the twelve boroughs. Spandau Borough is divided into nine quarters ( Ortsteile ) : As of 2010, Spandau had a population of 223,962, the smallest of the twelve boroughs of Berlin. 62,000 of those were migrants or other non-ethnic Germans, comprising 27% of Spandau's population. The governing body of Spandau

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726-617: The respective marriages. For Sophia, she inherited the Margraviate of Landsberg, which was inherited by her sons. (genealogical list of the dynasty in German) The original arms of the house of Ascania, from their ancestors the Saxon counts of Ballenstedt , were " Barry of ten sable and or ". The Ascanian margrave Albert the Bear was invested with the Saxon ducal title in 1138; when he succeeded

759-579: The rival House of Guelph . Albert inherited the Margraviate of Brandenburg in 1157 from its last Wendish ruler, Pribislav , and he became the first Ascanian margrave. Albert, and his descendants of the House of Ascania, then made considerable progress in Christianizing and Germanizing the lands. As a borderland between German and Slavic cultures, the country was known as a march . In 1237 and 1244, two towns, Cölln and Berlin, were founded during

792-543: The rule of Otto and Johann, grandsons of Margrave Albert the Bear. Later, they were united into one city, Berlin . The emblem of the House of Ascania, a red eagle and bear, became the heraldic emblems of Berlin. In 1320, the Brandenburg Ascanian line came to an end. After the Emperor had deposed the Guelph rulers of Saxony in 1180, Ascanians returned to rule the Duchy of Saxony, which had been reduced to its eastern half by

825-599: The smaller state of Anhalt and its various subdivisions until the monarchy was abolished in 1918. Catherine the Great , Empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796, was a member of the House of Ascania, herself the daughter of Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst . John's and Agnes' childless deaths left the main core of Salzwedel and the important seat of the Altmark to be reunited in Brandenburg. The remaining possessions were annexed by

858-589: The term for its name. The history of Spandau begins in the 7th century or 8th century, when the Slav Heveller first settled in the area and later built a fortress there. It was conquered in 928 by the German King Henry I , but returned to Slavic rule after the rebellion of 983. In 1156, the Ascanian Earl Albrecht von Ballenstedt ("Albrecht the Bear") took possession of the region. 1197 marked

891-508: The trademark of the Meissen china factory) to their coat of arms. When the line became extinct in 1422, the arms and electoral dignity were adopted by the Wettin by margrave Frederick IV of Meissen as it had become synonymous with the Saxon ducal title. When upon German reunification the Free State of Saxony was re-established, the coat of arms was formally confirmed in 1991. The chivalric order

924-645: The tradition of the Saxon stem duchy and was granted the Saxon electoral dignity , against the fierce protest of his Ascanian Saxe-Lauenburg cousins. This was confirmed by the Golden Bull of 1356 . As the Ascanian Electors of Saxony also held the High office of an Arch-Marshal of the Holy Roman Empire , they added the ensign Per fess sable and argent two swords in saltire gules (the swords later featuring as

957-469: Was freed by his friend Carl Schurz in the night of 6 November 1850. Before World War I , Spandau was a seat of large government cannon foundries , factories for making gunpowder and other munitions of war, making it a centre of the arms industry in the German Empire . It was also a garrison town with numerous barracks , home of the 5th Guard Infantry Brigade and the 5th Guard Foot Regiment of

990-539: Was handed back to the Luftwaffe on 7 September 1994 and was kept in use as an airfield for a very short time, being closed to air traffic in 1995. It is now called General-Steinhoff-Kaserne and is home to some non-flying Luftwaffe units, and the Luftwaffen Museum der Bundeswehr . This is the museum of the Luftwaffe which has many displays (including historic aircraft) and much information on German military aviation and

1023-545: Was located near and named after Aschersleben . The castle was the seat of the County of Ascania, a title that was later subsumed into the titles of the princes of Anhalt. The earliest known member of the house, Esiko, Count of Ballenstedt , first appears in a document of 1036. He is assumed to have been a grandson (through his mother) of Odo I, Margrave of the Saxon Ostmark . From Odo, the Ascanians inherited large properties in

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1056-467: Was the House Order of Albert the Bear (German: Hausorden Albrechts des Bären or Der Herzoglich Anhaltische Hausorden Albrechts des Bären ) which was founded in 1836 as a joint House Order by three dukes of Anhalt from separate branches of the family: Henry, Duke of Anhalt-Köthen , Leopold IV, Duke of Anhalt-Dessau , and Alexander Karl, Duke of Anhalt-Bernburg . The namesake of the order, Albert

1089-509: Was used to house Nazi war criminals given custodial sentences at the Nuremberg Trials . After the death of Spandau Prison's last inmate, Rudolf Hess , in 1987, it was completely demolished by the Allied powers and later replaced by a shopping mall . Gatow airfield , in the south of the district, was used by the Royal Air Force during the post-war Allied occupation, most notably during

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