Bentheim-Bentheim was a county in southeastern Lower Saxony , Germany. By 1806, the borders were the modern borders of the District of Bentheim . The last Count of Bentheim-Bentheim died on 19 February 1803.
17-508: This county was formed from the county of Bentheim in 1277, and from it was formed Bentheim-Steinfurt in 1544. Bentheim-Bentheim reemerged as a county in 1643 and was mediatised to Berg in 1806, before being annexed to France in 1810. It was granted to Hanover by the Congress of Vienna . Gerulfingen Götterswyk This Bentheim location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This German history article
34-693: A Fee from Frederick III and the County of Bentheim becomes an independent political entity. In 1489 this is reflected in the Burg, and the construction of the Pulverturm starts Between 1588 and 1593, Arnold II chooses the side of the Reformation , following the church reformers Calvin and Zwingli . During the Thirty Years' War , the county pays the price for its choice and is repeatedly sacked by Spanish troops. Much of
51-609: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Bentheim-Steinfurt Bentheim-Steinfurt was a historical county located in northwestern North Rhine-Westphalia in the region surrounding Steinfurt , Germany. Bentheim-Steinfurt was a partition of Bentheim-Bentheim , itself a partition of the County of Bentheim . Bentheim-Steinfurt was partitioned: between itself and Bentheim-Tecklenburg-Rheda in 1606; and between itself and Bentheim-Bentheim in 1643. (Majority from 1544) Bentheim-Steinfurt and its territories were converted to Lutheranism in 1544 by Count Arnold II. He
68-590: Is the first documented member of the Counts of Bentheim . In 1146 a war erupted between Otto von Rheineck and the Bishop of Utrecht concerning the jurisdiction over Twente and Otto and his knights were defeated near Ootmarsum and the castle became a fee of the Diocese of Utrecht and the Bishop claimed the palace and the chapel for his personal use until 1190. Otto's son and only heir, Otto II von Salm-Rheineck tried to recapture
85-575: The Kingdom of Hanover in 1815. On 21 January 1817, the family was raised to the rank of Prince . Today, the still existing branches of the House of Bentheim are the Princes of Bentheim-Steinfurt with their seat at Steinfurt Castle (also still owners of the ancestral seat Burg Bentheim ) and the Princes of Bentheim-Tecklenburg-Rheda with their seat at Rheda Castle (also still owners of Hohenlimburg Castle) and
102-593: The 1678 Church Constitution of Lingen (it would continue in use until 1971). Bentheim-Steinfurt obtained the Castle Batenburg in 1700, although by that time it had ceased to be permanently garrisoned, and it was destroyed by the French in 1795. Count Louis obtained the County of Bentheim-Bentheim in 1803. Bentheim-Steinfurt was mediatised to Prussia in 1806, ceded to Berg in 1809, restored to Prussia in 1813 and ceded to
119-575: The Counties of Bentheim, Steinfurt, Lingen and Tecklenburg. The new laws were largely modelled on those of Mörs , and were introduced in Bentheim and Tecklenburg, in the following year, and finally Steinfurt in 1591. Arnold also founded a successful school in Schüttorf during 1588, which was relocated to Steinfurt in 1591 and taught Latin, law, theology, philosophy and (from 1607) medicine. Arnold died in 1606, and
136-536: The Counts Bentheim-Tecklenburg-Rheda. Burg Bentheim Bentheim Castle ( German : Burg Bentheim ) is an early medieval hill castle in Bad Bentheim , Lower Saxony , Germany . The castle is first mentioned in the 11th century under the name binithem . The castle is built on a protrusion of Bentheim sandstone , which not only provided building materials for the castle itself but
153-708: The castle (1154) and the county (1165) thus passed into the hands of the Counts of Holland. Their son, Otto the Younger is mentioned in a deed by Henry the Lion as comes de Binitheim . He is the first of the counts of Bentheim-Holland, whose rule lasts until 1421 when the castle passes into the hands of Eberwin IV von Götterswick, a cousin of the last count of Bentheim-Holland. From 1421 the name Grafen von Bentheim first appears. In 1486 Graf Eberwin II gets
170-484: The castle but fell into the hands of Hermann von Stahleck in 1148. He spent some time as a prisoner in Schönburg near Oberwesel and was strangled the next year. To the bishops of Münster and Utrecht the independent county remained a thorn in the side, and most notably in 1374 both launched attacks upon the castle. Otto's daughter, Sophie von Salm-Rheineck inherited the castle. She married Dirk VI, Count of Holland and
187-511: The castle is destroyed in the process. This is repeated during the Seven Years' War , in which the Burg repeatedly comes under siege from French and British troops and is taken several times. In 1795 it served as a field hospital in the war against the revolutionary French Army and was set ablaze and taken by general Dominique Vandamme . 52°18′09″N 7°09′23″E / 52.3025°N 7.1563°E / 52.3025; 7.1563 The castle
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#1733093010342204-426: The castle is mentioned, as Binedheim , in and contributes grain, honey and 2 solidi . A document from 1020 names Otto von Northeim as the owner of the castle. In 1116, the castle is completely destroyed in the war between Herzog Lothar von Süpplinburg , better known as Lothar III and Heinrich V . The Annalista Saxo describes how Lothar "lays siege to Binithem , a fine and strong city and burned it after it
221-423: Was also a valued export product. This Bentheimer Höhenrücken is the last protrusion of the nearby Teutoburger forest . Its elevated position in an otherwise very flat landscape provides an excellent view and thus a strategic location to build a castle. The earliest history of the castle, which was erected on the remains of an earlier refuge castle is largely unknown. In the registries of Werden Abbey (1050)
238-418: Was conquered". The epithet "strong" ( firmam ) suggests the castle played a vital role in the cities defences, though it is assumed it was a wooden structure, and not yet a stone one. The castle is soon rebuilt and this time in stone by Otto von Salm, brother in law of the victorious Lothar III, whose wife Gertrud von Northeim uses it as a residence. In 1050 she is mentioned as comitissa de Benetheim , which
255-521: Was greatly influenced by Bernhard von Galen , the Prince-Bishop of Münster , and in 1688 he converted to Roman Catholicism . A fierce crisis ensued in which the Protestant preachers were expelled. Ernest William died in 1693, and it was left to his son and heir, Count Ernest, to resolve the troubles, doing so by converting to Lutheranism in 1701. A new reformed Church constitution was released, modelled on
272-450: Was succeeded by his less-religious son, Eberwin III. After the latter's early death at age 26, he was succeeded by his infant child, Arnold III, under the regency of Anna of Tecklenburg . Arnold III married Magdalena of Neuenahr in 1576, and he began attempts to properly convert the county to Protestantism . In the autumn of 1587, Lutheran preachers from across Germany were invited to help reform
289-585: Was succeeded by his sons Arnold Jobst, William Henry, Frederick Liudolph and Conrad Gumbert. Arnold Jobst created the Higher Church Council 1613 in the Bentheim territory as the supreme spiritual authority below the counts, and also in that year the Reformed Church of Bentheim was created, comprising also the Twelve Articles. In 1643, Arnold Jobst died and was succeeded by his son Ernest William. He
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